hello how are you good I’m going to talk about
about
about language I’m going to focus on words and
language I’m going to focus on words and
language I’m going to focus on words and we use language to express ourselves of
we use language to express ourselves of
we use language to express ourselves of course we use more than just our words
course we use more than just our words
course we use more than just our words but I’m going to focus on words because
but I’m going to focus on words because
but I’m going to focus on words because the language we use helps us to express
the language we use helps us to express
the language we use helps us to express our thoughts we can use language to
our thoughts we can use language to
our thoughts we can use language to compose our thoughts to change our
compose our thoughts to change our
compose our thoughts to change our thoughts to recompose our thoughts it’s
thoughts to recompose our thoughts it’s
thoughts to recompose our thoughts it’s a means of our understanding our world
a means of our understanding our world
a means of our understanding our world and interacting with our world I’m going
and interacting with our world I’m going
and interacting with our world I’m going to talk about three aspects of language
to talk about three aspects of language
to talk about three aspects of language missing slide I’m sorry I’m going to
missing slide I’m sorry I’m going to
missing slide I’m sorry I’m going to talk about three aspects of language but
talk about three aspects of language but
talk about three aspects of language but one thing we need to understand is how
one thing we need to understand is how
one thing we need to understand is how when we’re how much we’re using language
when we’re how much we’re using language
when we’re how much we’re using language in our world we use it when we’re
in our world we use it when we’re
in our world we use it when we’re interacting socially we use it in email
interacting socially we use it in email
interacting socially we use it in email in blogs and Twitter’s in the modern
in blogs and Twitter’s in the modern
in blogs and Twitter’s in the modern world we use the written word more often
world we use the written word more often
world we use the written word more often than ever so I’m going to talk about
than ever so I’m going to talk about
than ever so I’m going to talk about three aspects of language of the
three aspects of language of the
three aspects of language of the language that we use I’m going to start
language that we use I’m going to start
language that we use I’m going to start with the multidimensionality of language
with the multidimensionality of language
with the multidimensionality of language so I think you all know that we have
so I think you all know that we have
so I think you all know that we have words sometimes the best words
words sometimes the best words
words sometimes the best words sometimes not-so-great words and we have
sometimes not-so-great words and we have
sometimes not-so-great words and we have sentences and you may have been required
sentences and you may have been required
sentences and you may have been required to do this back in school anybody do
to do this back in school anybody do
to do this back in school anybody do this before decompose a sentence and you
this before decompose a sentence and you
this before decompose a sentence and you might know that a sentence has noun
might know that a sentence has noun
might know that a sentence has noun phrases verb phrases it has it might
phrases verb phrases it has it might
phrases verb phrases it has it might have prepositions for example in this
have prepositions for example in this
have prepositions for example in this example the bear and the trout and the
example the bear and the trout and the
example the bear and the trout and the trout’s we’re in the river and in the oh
that one that okay so but you know the
that one that okay so but you know the things that sentences are used to convey
things that sentences are used to convey
things that sentences are used to convey where things are what an actor is and
where things are what an actor is and
where things are what an actor is and what their what action that they’re
what their what action that they’re
what their what action that they’re conveying and you know that language has
conveying and you know that language has
conveying and you know that language has meaning it has semantics and that those
meaning it has semantics and that those
meaning it has semantics and that those semantics have relationships but so we
semantics have relationships but so we
semantics have relationships but so we have words sentences and semantics but
have words sentences and semantics but
have words sentences and semantics but I’m talking about something beyond that
I’m talking about something beyond that
I’m talking about something beyond that language is multi-dimensional it’s more
language is multi-dimensional it’s more
language is multi-dimensional it’s more than the words of the sentence and the
than the words of the sentence and the
than the words of the sentence and the semantics so let’s start let’s think
semantics so let’s start let’s think
semantics so let’s start let’s think about words words have features so for
about words words have features so for
about words words have features so for example we already talked about a word
example we already talked about a word
example we already talked about a word is a type of a word but the word the
is a type of a word but the word the
is a type of a word but the word the type of the word it’s numbness has
type of the word it’s numbness has
type of the word it’s numbness has importance for understanding it’s
importance for understanding it’s
importance for understanding it’s conveying of an action has importance
conveying of an action has importance
conveying of an action has importance for our understanding of language there
for our understanding of language there
for our understanding of language there are other features image ability so the
are other features image ability so the
are other features image ability so the bear and the woods the bear you could
bear and the woods the bear you could
bear and the woods the bear you could probably imagine but love and the air is
probably imagine but love and the air is
probably imagine but love and the air is a little bit different it’s harder to
a little bit different it’s harder to
a little bit different it’s harder to imagine or the comfort of the chair or
imagine or the comfort of the chair or
imagine or the comfort of the chair or the lack thereof that you’re sitting in
the lack thereof that you’re sitting in
the lack thereof that you’re sitting in that you can imagine so we also have
that you can imagine so we also have
that you can imagine so we also have Association
Association
Association so if I say doctor you say most people
so if I say doctor you say most people
so if I say doctor you say most people say nurse and if I say good you say bad
say nurse and if I say good you say bad
say nurse and if I say good you say bad everyone played along right that time
everyone played along right that time
everyone played along right that time and we have emotions that are attached
and we have emotions that are attached
and we have emotions that are attached to words and so if I talk about fear and
to words and so if I talk about fear and
to words and so if I talk about fear and politics that has different emotion
politics that has different emotion
politics that has different emotion emotions than if I talk about kittens
emotions than if I talk about kittens
emotions than if I talk about kittens and hope so these are just a few of the
and hope so these are just a few of the
and hope so these are just a few of the features that we use when we’re talking
features that we use when we’re talking
features that we use when we’re talking about language or when we’re thinking
about language or when we’re thinking
about language or when we’re thinking about language these are the only the
about language these are the only the
about language these are the only the few other features about words we have
few other features about words we have
few other features about words we have all of our experiences all of your
all of our experiences all of your
all of our experiences all of your experiences are packed into those words
experiences are packed into those words
experiences are packed into those words that you’re using and you use all of
that you’re using and you use all of
that you’re using and you use all of those experiences when you’re
those experiences when you’re
those experiences when you’re understanding language I’m going to make
understanding language I’m going to make
understanding language I’m going to make one brief example and that is hat so if
one brief example and that is hat so if
one brief example and that is hat so if you have a cat it’s a noun it’s familiar
you have a cat it’s a noun it’s familiar
you have a cat it’s a noun it’s familiar you learned the word cat when you were a
you learned the word cat when you were a
you learned the word cat when you were a wee babe and it you have images so for
wee babe and it you have images so for
wee babe and it you have images so for example I could bring up cat images all
example I could bring up cat images all
example I could bring up cat images all day long and you would not get bored and
day long and you would not get bored and
day long and you would not get bored and um it also brings up emotions and
um it also brings up emotions and
um it also brings up emotions and actions so cats do things sentences have
actions so cats do things sentences have
actions so cats do things sentences have features too so we already talked about
features too so we already talked about
features too so we already talked about syntax syntax itself can visit the
syntax syntax itself can visit the
syntax syntax itself can visit the syntax of the sentence is it one of its
syntax of the sentence is it one of its
syntax of the sentence is it one of its features
features
features but there’s more to that syntax or sorry
but there’s more to that syntax or sorry
but there’s more to that syntax or sorry sentences are there for a reason there
sentences are there for a reason there
sentences are there for a reason there are objectives roles they have the
are objectives roles they have the
are objectives roles they have the associations between uh sentences the
associations between uh sentences the
associations between uh sentences the associations between what I said before
associations between what I said before
associations between what I said before and what I’m saying now so
and what I’m saying now so
and what I’m saying now so multidimensionality we can all think on
multidimensionality we can all think on
multidimensionality we can all think on the two-dimensional plane and we can
the two-dimensional plane and we can
the two-dimensional plane and we can most of us can think
most of us can think
most of us can think three dimensional world but I’m talking
three dimensional world but I’m talking
three dimensional world but I’m talking about something well beyond that I’m
about something well beyond that I’m
about something well beyond that I’m talking about a multidimensionality of
talking about a multidimensionality of
talking about a multidimensionality of language where we’re talking about
language where we’re talking about
language where we’re talking about hundreds of features that when you’re
hundreds of features that when you’re
hundreds of features that when you’re talking those features are all involved
talking those features are all involved
talking those features are all involved in what you’re saying you’re using all
in what you’re saying you’re using all
in what you’re saying you’re using all of those features when you are
of those features when you are
of those features when you are communicating so how do we capture the
communicating so how do we capture the
communicating so how do we capture the multidimensionality of language I’m not
multidimensionality of language I’m not
multidimensionality of language I’m not going to talk about how we capture in
going to talk about how we capture in
going to talk about how we capture in the brain I’m going to talk about how we
the brain I’m going to talk about how we
the brain I’m going to talk about how we capture it automatically using automated
capture it automatically using automated
capture it automatically using automated tools called natural language processing
tools called natural language processing
tools called natural language processing natural language processing is our
natural language processing is our
natural language processing is our automated tools automated methods
automated tools automated methods
automated tools automated methods algorithms that we use to process
algorithms that we use to process
algorithms that we use to process natural language meaning language
natural language meaning language
natural language meaning language generated by humans instead of by
generated by humans instead of by
generated by humans instead of by computers so what this means is we can
computers so what this means is we can
computers so what this means is we can take these multiple dimensions of
take these multiple dimensions of
take these multiple dimensions of language and capture them automatically
language and capture them automatically
language and capture them automatically via automated tools so language is
via automated tools so language is
via automated tools so language is multi-dimensional and we can capture
multi-dimensional and we can capture
multi-dimensional and we can capture that and when we capture that
that and when we capture that
that and when we capture that multidimensionality it is revealing so I
multidimensionality it is revealing so I
multidimensionality it is revealing so I think you’ve all experienced doing email
think you’ve all experienced doing email
think you’ve all experienced doing email and the ad popping up next to where
and the ad popping up next to where
and the ad popping up next to where you’re typing now you might be talking
you’re typing now you might be talking
you’re typing now you might be talking about alcohol and a bottle of tequila
about alcohol and a bottle of tequila
about alcohol and a bottle of tequila pops up how did they know or you might
pops up how did they know or you might
pops up how did they know or you might be talking about something more refined
be talking about something more refined
be talking about something more refined and an ad for ballet pops up so you’ve
and an ad for ballet pops up so you’ve
and an ad for ballet pops up so you’ve all heard that’s just for commercial
all heard that’s just for commercial
all heard that’s just for commercial purposes right and you probably know
purposes right and you probably know
purposes right and you probably know that the eye is watching you
so I want to take you back just a few
so I want to take you back just a few years to a familiar face Edward Snowden
years to a familiar face Edward Snowden
years to a familiar face Edward Snowden how many people recognize that face so
how many people recognize that face so
how many people recognize that face so he was a CIA agent c.i.a
he was a CIA agent c.i.a
he was a CIA agent c.i.a Defense Intelligence Agency employee and
Defense Intelligence Agency employee and
Defense Intelligence Agency employee and an NSA contractor who in 2013 released
an NSA contractor who in 2013 released
an NSA contractor who in 2013 released an unknown number of documents to
an unknown number of documents to
an unknown number of documents to reporters and let’s and what he revealed
reporters and let’s and what he revealed
reporters and let’s and what he revealed to the public was that the government
to the public was that the government
to the public was that the government was it hasn’t had been gathering
was it hasn’t had been gathering
was it hasn’t had been gathering information about the public through
information about the public through
information about the public through tools like Ashland
tools like Ashland
tools like Ashland prism and dish fire and one of the
prism and dish fire and one of the
prism and dish fire and one of the things he said was that the u.s. was
things he said was that the u.s. was
things he said was that the u.s. was gathering more tool more information
gathering more tool more information
gathering more tool more information about people automatically online than
about people automatically online than
about people automatically online than they were through interviews so let me
they were through interviews so let me
they were through interviews so let me take you back to one interview by Brian
take you back to one interview by Brian
take you back to one interview by Brian Williams in 2004 when I think about an
Williams in 2004 when I think about an
Williams in 2004 when I think about an instance that that really just struck me
instance that that really just struck me
instance that that really just struck me is oh my god we can do this and that we
is oh my god we can do this and that we
is oh my god we can do this and that we can do it to anyone was that people at
can do it to anyone was that people at
can do it to anyone was that people at NSA analysts can actually watch people’s
NSA analysts can actually watch people’s
NSA analysts can actually watch people’s internet communications watch them draft
internet communications watch them draft
internet communications watch them draft correspondence and actually watch their
correspondence and actually watch their
correspondence and actually watch their thoughts form as they type as you write
thoughts form as they type as you write
thoughts form as they type as you write a message you know an analyst at the NSA
a message you know an analyst at the NSA
a message you know an analyst at the NSA or any other service out there that’s
or any other service out there that’s
or any other service out there that’s using this kind of attack against people
using this kind of attack against people
using this kind of attack against people can actually see you write sentences in
can actually see you write sentences in
can actually see you write sentences in the back space over your mistakes and
the back space over your mistakes and
the back space over your mistakes and then change the words and then kind of
then change the words and then kind of
then change the words and then kind of pause and think about what you wanted to
pause and think about what you wanted to
pause and think about what you wanted to say and then change it and it’s this
say and then change it and it’s this
say and then change it and it’s this extraordinary intrusion not just into
extraordinary intrusion not just into
extraordinary intrusion not just into your communications you’re finished
your communications you’re finished
your communications you’re finished messages but you’re actually drafting
messages but you’re actually drafting
messages but you’re actually drafting process into the way you think
think so what information is in your
think so what information is in your words
words
words well our strong stance is the word
well our strong stance is the word
well our strong stance is the word service proxies to actions skills
service proxies to actions skills
service proxies to actions skills interactions emotions and your thoughts
interactions emotions and your thoughts
interactions emotions and your thoughts we can assess using NLP emotions this is
we can assess using NLP emotions this is
we can assess using NLP emotions this is an easy one we can assess confusion
an easy one we can assess confusion
an easy one we can assess confusion boredom engagement we can assess whether
boredom engagement we can assess whether
boredom engagement we can assess whether or not you are lying we can also assess
or not you are lying we can also assess
or not you are lying we can also assess individual differences so we can assess
individual differences so we can assess
individual differences so we can assess your reading ability your writing
your reading ability your writing
your reading ability your writing ability how much you know about a topic
ability how much you know about a topic
ability how much you know about a topic how much you know about the world we can
how much you know about the world we can
how much you know about the world we can even assess your ability to process
even assess your ability to process
even assess your ability to process information your working memory capacity
information your working memory capacity
information your working memory capacity we can take words that you produce
we can take words that you produce
we can take words that you produce potentially verbally in a discussion but
potentially verbally in a discussion but
potentially verbally in a discussion but online in an essay in a blog in an email
online in an essay in a blog in an email
online in an essay in a blog in an email in a tweet we can take those and we can
in a tweet we can take those and we can
in a tweet we can take those and we can assess an abundance of information about
assess an abundance of information about
assess an abundance of information about the individual how do we do it well we
the individual how do we do it well we
the individual how do we do it well we take all those features we take the
take all those features we take the
take all those features we take the multidimensionality of language we take
multidimensionality of language we take
multidimensionality of language we take that we use machine learning algorithms
that we use machine learning algorithms
that we use machine learning algorithms we use machine learning and we create
we use machine learning and we create
we use machine learning and we create algorithms and those algorithms predict
algorithms and those algorithms predict
algorithms and those algorithms predict what people are doing what people are
what people are doing what people are
what people are doing what people are thinking and what their abilities are so
thinking and what their abilities are so
thinking and what their abilities are so language is revealing but language is
language is revealing but language is
language is revealing but language is also powerful now there are entities
also powerful now there are entities
also powerful now there are entities that are doing for malicious purposes
that are doing for malicious purposes
that are doing for malicious purposes but we are scientists we are educators
but we are scientists we are educators
but we are scientists we are educators so how do we use that one of the ways we
so how do we use that one of the ways we
so how do we use that one of the ways we use this in my laboratory is by create
use this in my laboratory is by create
use this in my laboratory is by create intelligent tutoring systems that
intelligent tutoring systems that
intelligent tutoring systems that provide that assess various aspects of
provide that assess various aspects of
provide that assess various aspects of related to education like text
related to education like text
related to education like text difficulty essay quality grammar
difficulty essay quality grammar
difficulty essay quality grammar mechanics that’s an easy one self
mechanics that’s an easy one self
mechanics that’s an easy one self explaining quality so if you’re
explaining quality so if you’re
explaining quality so if you’re something
something
something how well are you explaining it we can
how well are you explaining it we can
how well are you explaining it we can assess various things and we’ve used
assess various things and we’ve used
assess various things and we’ve used this too we’ve used this ability to
this too we’ve used this ability to
this too we’ve used this ability to understand language and our knowledge of
understand language and our knowledge of
understand language and our knowledge of how language improves learning that
how language improves learning that
how language improves learning that words are tools we need to understand
words are tools we need to understand
words are tools we need to understand that also in addition putting your words
that also in addition putting your words
that also in addition putting your words out there externalizing your words
out there externalizing your words
out there externalizing your words externalizing your language using your
externalizing your language using your
externalizing your language using your language engaging explaining text
language engaging explaining text
language engaging explaining text explaining your thoughts engaging in
explaining your thoughts engaging in
explaining your thoughts engaging in discussions with all with others all of
discussions with all with others all of
discussions with all with others all of these things all of these are things
these things all of these are things
these things all of these are things that improve your learning improve
that improve your learning improve
that improve your learning improve students learning so we combine those
students learning so we combine those
students learning so we combine those things in automated tutoring systems we
things in automated tutoring systems we
things in automated tutoring systems we combine our ability to automatically
combine our ability to automatically
combine our ability to automatically assess language with this power of
assess language with this power of
assess language with this power of language the power of language to
language the power of language to
language the power of language to improve learning we’ve done so in two
improve learning we’ve done so in two
improve learning we’ve done so in two technologies that we’ve created so far
technologies that we’ve created so far
technologies that we’ve created so far one is writing Pal and one is istar so I
one is writing Pal and one is istar so I
one is writing Pal and one is istar so I start is an interactive strategy
start is an interactive strategy
start is an interactive strategy tutoring system for active reading and
tutoring system for active reading and
tutoring system for active reading and thinking and the writing Pal is a
thinking and the writing Pal is a
thinking and the writing Pal is a tutoring system that provides students
tutoring system that provides students
tutoring system that provides students with tutoring on how to better right
with tutoring on how to better right
with tutoring on how to better right both of these use AI and both of these
both of these use AI and both of these
both of these use AI and both of these you sit systems use NLP and both of them
you sit systems use NLP and both of them
you sit systems use NLP and both of them are all of them both of them are gained
are all of them both of them are gained
are all of them both of them are gained based so they engage the student while
based so they engage the student while
based so they engage the student while the student is learning so going back to
the student is learning so going back to
the student is learning so going back to Snowden he said we can do this people at
Snowden he said we can do this people at
Snowden he said we can do this people at NASA NSA analysts actually into the way
NASA NSA analysts actually into the way
NASA NSA analysts actually into the way you think though they do language is
you think though they do language is
you think though they do language is powerful though and you need to use it
powerful though and you need to use it
powerful though and you need to use it thank
thank
thank [Applause]
”
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