you’re an artist you’re a computer scientist you you’re
you’re a computer scientist you you’re
you’re a computer scientist you you’re also a data scientist or saw it a
also a data scientist or saw it a
also a data scientist or saw it a philosopher and in our chats I sort of
philosopher and in our chats I sort of
philosopher and in our chats I sort of thought about some of the questions that
thought about some of the questions that
thought about some of the questions that I could ask you and one of them was so
I could ask you and one of them was so
I could ask you and one of them was so in this increasingly complicated world
in this increasingly complicated world
in this increasingly complicated world where we have so much noise how do you
where we have so much noise how do you
where we have so much noise how do you find signal amidst the noise is a data
find signal amidst the noise is a data
find signal amidst the noise is a data philosopher I think that one of the
philosopher I think that one of the
philosopher I think that one of the things that I worry about most in this
things that I worry about most in this
things that I worry about most in this discussion of signal and noise is that
discussion of signal and noise is that
discussion of signal and noise is that we would think that at this point in
we would think that at this point in
we would think that at this point in time we know what the difference is hmm
time we know what the difference is hmm
time we know what the difference is hmm so I think that some of the things that
so I think that some of the things that
so I think that some of the things that we might think of as noise currently may
we might think of as noise currently may
we might think of as noise currently may turn out to be signal I mean have some
turn out to be signal I mean have some
turn out to be signal I mean have some simple little examples like in our rare
simple little examples like in our rare
simple little examples like in our rare book collection here on campus though is
book collection here on campus though is
book collection here on campus though is a book that had a little smudge in the
a book that had a little smudge in the
a book that had a little smudge in the margin and now that we have the
margin and now that we have the
margin and now that we have the technology to sufficiently enlarge that
technology to sufficiently enlarge that
technology to sufficiently enlarge that smudge it turned out to be a carefully
smudge it turned out to be a carefully
smudge it turned out to be a carefully hand-drawn symbol which led a whole
hand-drawn symbol which led a whole
hand-drawn symbol which led a whole bunch of insight into this manuscript
bunch of insight into this manuscript
bunch of insight into this manuscript and it’s really great that the people
and it’s really great that the people
and it’s really great that the people who preserve this manuscript preserved
who preserve this manuscript preserved
who preserve this manuscript preserved it with reverence to the wholeness of it
it with reverence to the wholeness of it
it with reverence to the wholeness of it and didn’t try and clean up a smudge
and didn’t try and clean up a smudge
and didn’t try and clean up a smudge which might have exceeded us noise so
which might have exceeded us noise so
which might have exceeded us noise so like all the advances that we’re looking
like all the advances that we’re looking
like all the advances that we’re looking at in some ways are sort of may not be
at in some ways are sort of may not be
at in some ways are sort of may not be seeing the full picture the reality of
seeing the full picture the reality of
seeing the full picture the reality of things and so that story sort of
things and so that story sort of
things and so that story sort of understates how how much we have yet to
understates how how much we have yet to
understates how how much we have yet to discover along the way even about the
discover along the way even about the
discover along the way even about the ground state yeah yeah even like our
ground state yeah yeah even like our
ground state yeah yeah even like our attitudes there is a historian Jonathan
attitudes there is a historian Jonathan
attitudes there is a historian Jonathan John Jonah Drucker who studies how
John Jonah Drucker who studies how
John Jonah Drucker who studies how changing attitudes change history
changing attitudes change history
changing attitudes change history because we see history differently one
because we see history differently one
because we see history differently one of the places that she’s famous about
of the places that she’s famous about
of the places that she’s famous about studying is the Salem witch trials and
studying is the Salem witch trials and
studying is the Salem witch trials and we know we have a different attitude to
we know we have a different attitude to
we know we have a different attitude to them now
them now
them now we did when they were occurring so as we
we did when they were occurring so as we
we did when they were occurring so as we mature as people our ideas of what
mature as people our ideas of what
mature as people our ideas of what signal the noise may change is this idea
signal the noise may change is this idea
signal the noise may change is this idea of sort of language and/or technology
of sort of language and/or technology
of sort of language and/or technology there only allows us to be able to see
there only allows us to be able to see
there only allows us to be able to see what it can at that point in time and
what it can at that point in time and
what it can at that point in time and that changes as the technology
that changes as the technology
that changes as the technology progresses is that what it was behind
progresses is that what it was behind
progresses is that what it was behind that smudge along the way technology was
that smudge along the way technology was
that smudge along the way technology was what made it possible to actually at
what made it possible to actually at
what made it possible to actually at this point
this point
this point reisi into that sponge that’s
reisi into that sponge that’s
reisi into that sponge that’s interesting so the future looks kind of
interesting so the future looks kind of
interesting so the future looks kind of interesting in some sort of way and I
interesting in some sort of way and I
interesting in some sort of way and I want to kind of date probe a little bit
want to kind of date probe a little bit
want to kind of date probe a little bit deeper on this notion of a data
deeper on this notion of a data
deeper on this notion of a data philosopher do we need more of them and
philosopher do we need more of them and
philosopher do we need more of them and what does that mean to you well you were
what does that mean to you well you were
what does that mean to you well you were the first person who uses that term and
the first person who uses that term and
the first person who uses that term and I I mean I don’t know I mean I kind of
I I mean I don’t know I mean I kind of
I I mean I don’t know I mean I kind of thought oh maybe because ever since I’ve
thought oh maybe because ever since I’ve
thought oh maybe because ever since I’ve been here I work with visualization so
been here I work with visualization so
been here I work with visualization so I’m always working with data with all
I’m always working with data with all
I’m always working with data with all kinds of different people’s data so I’m
kinds of different people’s data so I’m
kinds of different people’s data so I’m thinking about data all the time and
thinking about data all the time and
thinking about data all the time and thinking about how the people who are
thinking about how the people who are
thinking about how the people who are expert in it are using it and how the
expert in it are using it and how the
expert in it are using it and how the people who feel alienated might want
people who feel alienated might want
people who feel alienated might want access to it so I think about it all the
access to it so I think about it all the
access to it so I think about it all the time so speaking about data I mean it
time so speaking about data I mean it
time so speaking about data I mean it doesn’t escape my observation that
doesn’t escape my observation that
doesn’t escape my observation that there’s a lot of it out there and
there’s a lot of it out there and
there’s a lot of it out there and supposedly what are the challenges and
supposedly what are the challenges and
supposedly what are the challenges and opportunities over time and place in
opportunities over time and place in
opportunities over time and place in history where in terms of signal versus
history where in terms of signal versus
history where in terms of signal versus noise in the context of all this data
noise in the context of all this data
noise in the context of all this data big data small data data all over oh
big data small data data all over oh
big data small data data all over oh well one of the things so you probably
well one of the things so you probably
well one of the things so you probably so now they talk about the data error
so now they talk about the data error
so now they talk about the data error and we talked so much about big data but
and we talked so much about big data but
and we talked so much about big data but you kind of get the impression that it’s
you kind of get the impression that it’s
you kind of get the impression that it’s for big science and big industry and big
for big science and big industry and big
for big science and big industry and big government because like it’s mammoth and
government because like it’s mammoth and
government because like it’s mammoth and how would we actually access it or
how would we actually access it or
how would we actually access it or understand it and I think this you know
understand it and I think this you know
understand it and I think this you know like about a couple of decades ago they
like about a couple of decades ago they
like about a couple of decades ago they talked about the information age and now
talked about the information age and now
talked about the information age and now they talk about the data era
they talk about the data era
they talk about the data era and I think there’s like secret in there
and I think there’s like secret in there
and I think there’s like secret in there it’s because the word information
it’s because the word information
it’s because the word information actually by definition means capable of
actually by definition means capable of
actually by definition means capable of informing us as humans and the word data
informing us as humans and the word data
informing us as humans and the word data means that it’s given and that it’s the
means that it’s given and that it’s the
means that it’s given and that it’s the way it is and there’s nothing in it
way it is and there’s nothing in it
way it is and there’s nothing in it about that we should be able to
about that we should be able to
about that we should be able to understand it so to me that’s kind of
understand it so to me that’s kind of
understand it so to me that’s kind of what all my research is about is can I
what all my research is about is can I
what all my research is about is can I actually remake that data understandable
actually remake that data understandable
actually remake that data understandable not just to machines but to us as humans
not just to machines but to us as humans
not just to machines but to us as humans is this sort of this feeling of
is this sort of this feeling of
is this sort of this feeling of overwhelming us I know I certainly have
overwhelming us I know I certainly have
overwhelming us I know I certainly have around data how would I make sense of
around data how would I make sense of
around data how would I make sense of the world around me like what would be
the world around me like what would be
the world around me like what would be the kind of advice you would give me to
the kind of advice you would give me to
the kind of advice you would give me to try and sort of say hey Rahim when
try and sort of say hey Rahim when
try and sort of say hey Rahim when you’re overwhelmed in this world this is
you’re overwhelmed in this world this is
you’re overwhelmed in this world this is how this is how you should navigate some
how this is how you should navigate some
how this is how you should navigate some of the data well there’s a couple things
of the data well there’s a couple things
of the data well there’s a couple things and one is that I think you know okay I
and one is that I think you know okay I
and one is that I think you know okay I think there’s a sort of historical
think there’s a sort of historical
think there’s a sort of historical parallel here that a long time ago we
parallel here that a long time ago we
parallel here that a long time ago we shifted from a bartering society to a
shifted from a bartering society to a
shifted from a bartering society to a currency money based society and that
currency money based society and that
currency money based society and that was you know a much discussed difficult
was you know a much discussed difficult
was you know a much discussed difficult shift for the general population who
shift for the general population who
shift for the general population who didn’t at that point have access to what
didn’t at that point have access to what
didn’t at that point have access to what we consider totally normal education now
we consider totally normal education now
we consider totally normal education now so it was a difficult chip and we now I
so it was a difficult chip and we now I
so it was a difficult chip and we now I mean I think it’s actually happened
mean I think it’s actually happened
mean I think it’s actually happened we’ve we we have shifted to a data error
we’ve we we have shifted to a data error
we’ve we we have shifted to a data error and I mean if you think about it like
and I mean if you think about it like
and I mean if you think about it like data is the new currency so you think
data is the new currency so you think
data is the new currency so you think about I mean and this has been said a
about I mean and this has been said a
about I mean and this has been said a lot what’s the fastest growing taxi
lot what’s the fastest growing taxi
lot what’s the fastest growing taxi company over yeah and do they buy any
company over yeah and do they buy any
company over yeah and do they buy any taxis is it about money you know
taxis is it about money you know
taxis is it about money you know similarly was the fastest growing
similarly was the fastest growing
similarly was the fastest growing Hotelling business yes you know and
Hotelling business yes you know and
Hotelling business yes you know and Facebook and Twitter and the people who
Facebook and Twitter and the people who
Facebook and Twitter and the people who are thinking about how to get the data
are thinking about how to get the data
are thinking about how to get the data or the information from the right people
or the information from the right people
or the information from the right people to the right people at the right time so
to the right people at the right time so
to the right people at the right time so that it’s useful those are the huge big
that it’s useful those are the huge big
that it’s useful those are the huge big things that are
things that are
things that are making huge big impact in our economy
making huge big impact in our economy
making huge big impact in our economy and actually I think almost the younger
and actually I think almost the younger
and actually I think almost the younger people that I meet the younger they are
people that I meet the younger they are
people that I meet the younger they are the more they know that that’s what they
the more they know that that’s what they
the more they know that that’s what they need to be able to do they want to be a
need to be able to do they want to be a
need to be able to do they want to be a player in our world now they need to be
player in our world now they need to be
player in our world now they need to be able to sink in data and we don’t really
able to sink in data and we don’t really
able to sink in data and we don’t really teach that we don’t teach that in grade
teach that we don’t teach that in grade
teach that we don’t teach that in grade school don’t teach that in high school
school don’t teach that in high school
school don’t teach that in high school we don’t really teach it in university
we don’t really teach it in university
we don’t really teach it in university even in computing science we teach data
even in computing science we teach data
even in computing science we teach data management data programming but how to
management data programming but how to
management data programming but how to actually think about moving information
actually think about moving information
actually think about moving information around who has what information who
around who has what information who
around who has what information who might want it when might they want it so
might want it when might they want it so
might want it when might they want it so that all works together which you know
that all works together which you know
that all works together which you know as we’ve seen over and over again it is
as we’ve seen over and over again it is
as we’ve seen over and over again it is secret for huge enterprises right now
secret for huge enterprises right now
secret for huge enterprises right now hmm
hmm
hmm we don’t actually work with that and we
we don’t actually work with that and we
we don’t actually work with that and we have actually encountered we’ve started
have actually encountered we’ve started
have actually encountered we’ve started the first first year data thinking
the first first year data thinking
the first first year data thinking course open to all disciplines to get a
course open to all disciplines to get a
course open to all disciplines to get a basic idea about how to actually think
basic idea about how to actually think
basic idea about how to actually think in data and I hear that of course is
in data and I hear that of course is
in data and I hear that of course is subscribed like over the limit at this
subscribed like over the limit at this
subscribed like over the limit at this point yeah it’s it’s full to overflowing
point yeah it’s it’s full to overflowing
point yeah it’s it’s full to overflowing and they immediately put another one on
and they immediately put another one on
and they immediately put another one on for the winter and it’s full see in
for the winter and it’s full see in
for the winter and it’s full see in effect there are students who are
effect there are students who are
effect there are students who are realizing that the movement of data is
realizing that the movement of data is
realizing that the movement of data is where the value-add is yeah and at this
where the value-add is yeah and at this
where the value-add is yeah and at this point with middle men I guess used to
point with middle men I guess used to
point with middle men I guess used to say women who are the Airbnb is the
say women who are the Airbnb is the
say women who are the Airbnb is the overs they’re trying to move that data
overs they’re trying to move that data
overs they’re trying to move that data and extracting value out of it at a
and extracting value out of it at a
and extracting value out of it at a point in time and what’s the next
point in time and what’s the next
point in time and what’s the next evolution to take out that middle middle
evolution to take out that middle middle
evolution to take out that middle middle man in some ways and for consumers to
man in some ways and for consumers to
man in some ways and for consumers to connect with with data themselves people
connect with with data themselves people
connect with with data themselves people to connect with your own data yeah I
to connect with your own data yeah I
to connect with your own data yeah I actually think so I think I mean another
actually think so I think I mean another
actually think so I think I mean another thing if we take another leaf from
thing if we take another leaf from
thing if we take another leaf from history we as humans have been
history we as humans have been
history we as humans have been collecting data for a long time they
collecting data for a long time they
collecting data for a long time they have examples of simple visualizations
have examples of simple visualizations
have examples of simple visualizations of data from 30,000 years ago scratched
of data from 30,000 years ago scratched
of data from 30,000 years ago scratched on bones lunar calendars things like
on bones lunar calendars things like
on bones lunar calendars things like that where humans were making sense of
that where humans were making sense of
that where humans were making sense of the data of their current world and very
the data of their current world and very
the data of their current world and very much through that kind of way that’s
much through that kind of way that’s
much through that kind of way that’s kind of how
kind of how
kind of how became human and I think it’s really
became human and I think it’s really
became human and I think it’s really important that we don’t give up the idea
important that we don’t give up the idea
important that we don’t give up the idea that this data no matter how big it gets
that this data no matter how big it gets
that this data no matter how big it gets is our data and it’s for us it should be
is our data and it’s for us it should be
is our data and it’s for us it should be you know it’s about us it should be for
you know it’s about us it should be for
you know it’s about us it should be for us and we need to actually insist that
us and we need to actually insist that
us and we need to actually insist that we can understand it that it’s humanly
we can understand it that it’s humanly
we can understand it that it’s humanly interpretive
providing like the open data movement
providing like the open data movement providing access is not just a matter of
providing access is not just a matter of
providing access is not just a matter of dumping CSV files some corner of the web
dumping CSV files some corner of the web
dumping CSV files some corner of the web that are only understandable for people
that are only understandable for people
that are only understandable for people who have been you know studying
who have been you know studying
who have been you know studying databases for a while we need to be able
databases for a while we need to be able
databases for a while we need to be able to understand it to be able to know what
to understand it to be able to know what
to understand it to be able to know what is there and what is being collected
is there and what is being collected
is there and what is being collected about us so I think there is this whole
about us so I think there is this whole
about us so I think there is this whole open data movement and that’s super
open data movement and that’s super
open data movement and that’s super important and I also think that we need
important and I also think that we need
important and I also think that we need to think that lots of data starts as
to think that lots of data starts as
to think that lots of data starts as small I mean even if you think about
small I mean even if you think about
small I mean even if you think about uber is just a little tiny bit of data
uber is just a little tiny bit of data
uber is just a little tiny bit of data you just will say I’m here and I want a
you just will say I’m here and I want a
you just will say I’m here and I want a taxi now it’s not that’s not big data so
taxi now it’s not that’s not big data so
taxi now it’s not that’s not big data so we have it in our own lives and we need
we have it in our own lives and we need
we have it in our own lives and we need to kind of regain control of that so
to kind of regain control of that so
to kind of regain control of that so that we can learn from it reflect on it
that we can learn from it reflect on it
that we can learn from it reflect on it it doesn’t escape to me that you know
it doesn’t escape to me that you know
it doesn’t escape to me that you know you know complicated reward like this
you know complicated reward like this
you know complicated reward like this this kind of thinking would be so useful
this kind of thinking would be so useful
this kind of thinking would be so useful I know for me personally to try and
I know for me personally to try and
I know for me personally to try and examine what are the pieces of data that
examine what are the pieces of data that
examine what are the pieces of data that I’m giving out that I’m part of that I’m
I’m giving out that I’m part of that I’m
I’m giving out that I’m part of that I’m essentially selling for whatever service
essentially selling for whatever service
essentially selling for whatever service I’m getting and it definitely made me
I’m getting and it definitely made me
I’m getting and it definitely made me think a little bit differently you know
think a little bit differently you know
think a little bit differently you know I visited your lab and I’ve spoken to
I visited your lab and I’ve spoken to
I visited your lab and I’ve spoken to you a number of times and so on what are
you a number of times and so on what are
you a number of times and so on what are the key pieces of work that you are part
the key pieces of work that you are part
the key pieces of work that you are part of now that have you particularly
of now that have you particularly
of now that have you particularly excited and that you would like to share
excited and that you would like to share
excited and that you would like to share at this point ok there’s kind of two
at this point ok there’s kind of two
at this point ok there’s kind of two things one goes really along with what
things one goes really along with what
things one goes really along with what we’ve just been talking about because so
we’ve just been talking about because so
we’ve just been talking about because so you know I say okay fine like the data
you know I say okay fine like the data
you know I say okay fine like the data is for you well that how does it become
is for you well that how does it become
is for you well that how does it become for you and how I mean all very well to
for you and how I mean all very well to
for you and how I mean all very well to say we should change our education
say we should change our education
say we should change our education system so that people grow up learning
system so that people grow up learning
system so that people grow up learning how to think with data but what about
how to think with data but what about
how to think with data but what about all of us who are
all of us who are
all of us who are some professionals and like what about
some professionals and like what about
some professionals and like what about us we don’t want to be left out so how
us we don’t want to be left out so how
us we don’t want to be left out so how how can we do that and I know that in
how can we do that and I know that in
how can we do that and I know that in the research community we and definitely
the research community we and definitely
the research community we and definitely including me had this assumption that
including me had this assumption that
including me had this assumption that what you needed to do is pair data
what you needed to do is pair data
what you needed to do is pair data experts and visualization experts
experts and visualization experts
experts and visualization experts because visualization is an interpretive
because visualization is an interpretive
because visualization is an interpretive technology oh yeah
technology oh yeah
technology oh yeah and that get them together and take a
and that get them together and take a
and that get them together and take a leaf out of extreme or agile programming
leaf out of extreme or agile programming
leaf out of extreme or agile programming and that two people working together
and that two people working together
and that two people working together could like work this out and a friend of
could like work this out and a friend of
could like work this out and a friend of mine ran Melanie Tory ran a formal study
mine ran Melanie Tory ran a formal study
mine ran Melanie Tory ran a formal study just to kind of shed more light on
just to kind of shed more light on
just to kind of shed more light on exactly how this process should work and
exactly how this process should work and
exactly how this process should work and discovered that didn’t actually work all
discovered that didn’t actually work all
discovered that didn’t actually work all that well it was difficult people
that well it was difficult people
that well it was difficult people weren’t really enjoying it and they were
weren’t really enjoying it and they were
weren’t really enjoying it and they were having a hard time so then initially in
having a hard time so then initially in
having a hard time so then initially in my lab I kind of almost as a joke
my lab I kind of almost as a joke
my lab I kind of almost as a joke started thinking okay so we need to
started thinking okay so we need to
started thinking okay so we need to figure out what kindergarten
figure out what kindergarten
figure out what kindergarten visualization is right and lo and behold
visualization is right and lo and behold
visualization is right and lo and behold an exchange student who knew all about
an exchange student who knew all about
an exchange student who knew all about the history of kindergarten explained to
the history of kindergarten explained to
the history of kindergarten explained to me how Froebel who invented kindergarten
me how Froebel who invented kindergarten
me how Froebel who invented kindergarten said that if we give children the right
said that if we give children the right
said that if we give children the right toys they will learn abstract concepts
toys they will learn abstract concepts
toys they will learn abstract concepts by themselves so we thought well what
by themselves so we thought well what
by themselves so we thought well what about giving adults the right choice we
about giving adults the right choice we
about giving adults the right choice we like to play still can adults with the
like to play still can adults with the
like to play still can adults with the right toys figure out how to do
right toys figure out how to do
right toys figure out how to do visualizations themselves and we ran a
visualizations themselves and we ran a
visualizations themselves and we ran a study with just people from the general
study with just people from the general
study with just people from the general population we actually ran it in Paris
population we actually ran it in Paris
population we actually ran it in Paris and so these were people who happen to
and so these were people who happen to
and so these were people who happen to be walking past the Pompidou Center who
be walking past the Pompidou Center who
be walking past the Pompidou Center who would give up an hour in exchange for a
would give up an hour in exchange for a
would give up an hour in exchange for a coupon for a cafe so they’re just people
coupon for a cafe so they’re just people
coupon for a cafe so they’re just people and they all could do it they not only
and they all could do it they not only
and they all could do it they not only could do it they enjoyed doing it and
could do it they enjoyed doing it and
could do it they enjoyed doing it and some of them invented some pretty
some of them invented some pretty
some of them invented some pretty interesting and unusual visualizations
interesting and unusual visualizations
interesting and unusual visualizations that worked really well and what we’ve
that worked really well and what we’ve
that worked really well and what we’ve discovered since and with other
discovered since and with other
discovered since and with other collaborators we’ve extended this into a
collaborators we’ve extended this into a
collaborators we’ve extended this into a workshop and we’ve run this workshop in
workshop and we’ve run this workshop in
workshop and we’ve run this workshop in different places where we’ve
different places where we’ve
different places where we’ve combined this notion of giving people
combined this notion of giving people
combined this notion of giving people the right toys which we just used
the right toys which we just used
the right toys which we just used brightly colored tiles we have done it
brightly colored tiles we have done it
brightly colored tiles we have done it subsequently with Lego Lego works fine
subsequently with Lego Lego works fine
subsequently with Lego Lego works fine and combine it with you know
and combine it with you know
and combine it with you know experiential learning and peer learning
experiential learning and peer learning
experiential learning and peer learning and discovered that people in fact one
and discovered that people in fact one
and discovered that people in fact one of the first places they ran one is at
of the first places they ran one is at
of the first places they ran one is at part of a big fair in Paris so there
part of a big fair in Paris so there
part of a big fair in Paris so there were all kinds of other things you could
were all kinds of other things you could
were all kinds of other things you could do like go on ferris wheel rides and
do like go on ferris wheel rides and
do like go on ferris wheel rides and things like that that you might think
things like that that you might think
things like that that you might think might be more appealing but the people
might be more appealing but the people
might be more appealing but the people who came into the room stayed for the
who came into the room stayed for the
who came into the room stayed for the full three hours and by the end they
full three hours and by the end they
full three hours and by the end they were actually talking about
were actually talking about
were actually talking about visualization and data they had actually
visualization and data they had actually
visualization and data they had actually done this transformation essentially so
done this transformation essentially so
done this transformation essentially so that they were becoming one of the
that they were becoming one of the
that they were becoming one of the informed and they were all super excited
informed and they were all super excited
informed and they were all super excited hmm
hmm
hmm so it took to me it’s like it’s possible
so it took to me it’s like it’s possible
so it took to me it’s like it’s possible you know it’s it’s it’s it’s possible
you know it’s it’s it’s it’s possible
you know it’s it’s it’s it’s possible and it’s not I mean it’s not like
and it’s not I mean it’s not like
and it’s not I mean it’s not like they’re going to change professions and
they’re going to change professions and
they’re going to change professions and become a visualization person but it is
become a visualization person but it is
become a visualization person but it is like they’re going to be able to read
like they’re going to be able to read
like they’re going to be able to read and understand and interpret
and understand and interpret
and understand and interpret visualizations that they see and that
visualizations that they see and that
visualizations that they see and that that whole world will be open to them
that whole world will be open to them
that whole world will be open to them the sort of the the callback to go back
the sort of the the callback to go back
the sort of the the callback to go back to kindergarten made me chuckle a little
to kindergarten made me chuckle a little
to kindergarten made me chuckle a little bit it seems like in the most highest
bit it seems like in the most highest
bit it seems like in the most highest tech of fields the lowest tech of
tech of fields the lowest tech of
tech of fields the lowest tech of solution solutions seems to be the
solution solutions seems to be the
solution solutions seems to be the answer that sometimes it’s time to
answer that sometimes it’s time to
answer that sometimes it’s time to switch over your brain to think from
switch over your brain to think from
switch over your brain to think from sort of analog to data but using analog
sort of analog to data but using analog
sort of analog to data but using analog means and that that is absolutely
means and that that is absolutely
means and that that is absolutely fascinating can tell why I asked dr.
fascinating can tell why I asked dr.
fascinating can tell why I asked dr. Crower Patel to come and spend some time
Crower Patel to come and spend some time
Crower Patel to come and spend some time with us and I know that she’ll be coming
with us and I know that she’ll be coming
with us and I know that she’ll be coming back with TEDx Calgary and a later time
back with TEDx Calgary and a later time
back with TEDx Calgary and a later time to deliver a talk with a little bit more
to deliver a talk with a little bit more
to deliver a talk with a little bit more time in preparation but in these in
time in preparation but in these in
time in preparation but in these in these times you’ve given us given me a
these times you’ve given us given me a
these times you’ve given us given me a solution I know so thank you after today
solution I know so thank you after today
solution I know so thank you after today thank you very much
”
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