to tell you the truth I’m scared scared about what’s happening to our planet
about what’s happening to our planet
about what’s happening to our planet 2016 was recently named the hottest year
2016 was recently named the hottest year
2016 was recently named the hottest year on record making it the third
on record making it the third
on record making it the third consecutive year to set a temperature
consecutive year to set a temperature
consecutive year to set a temperature record global warming is more of a
record global warming is more of a
record global warming is more of a problem than it’s ever been before the
problem than it’s ever been before the
problem than it’s ever been before the more hottest years on record we have the
more hottest years on record we have the
more hottest years on record we have the more will be threatened like things by
more will be threatened like things by
more will be threatened like things by things like rising sea levels and
things like rising sea levels and
things like rising sea levels and extreme weather events but I’m sure
extreme weather events but I’m sure
extreme weather events but I’m sure you’ve heard all that before that’s old
you’ve heard all that before that’s old
you’ve heard all that before that’s old news but as some new news we are taking
news but as some new news we are taking
news but as some new news we are taking a step in the right direction last year
a step in the right direction last year
a step in the right direction last year in Paris 195 nations agreed to cut their
in Paris 195 nations agreed to cut their
in Paris 195 nations agreed to cut their carbon emissions showing that world
carbon emissions showing that world
carbon emissions showing that world leaders really do recognize the dangers
leaders really do recognize the dangers
leaders really do recognize the dangers associated with global warming and I
associated with global warming and I
associated with global warming and I think it’s great that we’re taking
think it’s great that we’re taking
think it’s great that we’re taking collective action but there is a problem
collective action but there is a problem
collective action but there is a problem earlier this year the United States
earlier this year the United States
earlier this year the United States government indicated that they want to
government indicated that they want to
government indicated that they want to withdraw from the Paris agreement now
withdraw from the Paris agreement now
withdraw from the Paris agreement now the United States is the world’s second
the United States is the world’s second
the United States is the world’s second largest greenhouse gas emitter every
largest greenhouse gas emitter every
largest greenhouse gas emitter every year we release around 6.6 billion
year we release around 6.6 billion
year we release around 6.6 billion metric tons of co2 equivalents into the
metric tons of co2 equivalents into the
metric tons of co2 equivalents into the air that’s 18 times as much as the
air that’s 18 times as much as the
air that’s 18 times as much as the weight of corn we produce every year we
weight of corn we produce every year we
weight of corn we produce every year we produce a lot of corn I know you all
produce a lot of corn I know you all
produce a lot of corn I know you all know that and so continuing with these
know that and so continuing with these
know that and so continuing with these astonishing emissions rates will have
astonishing emissions rates will have
astonishing emissions rates will have long-lasting and perhaps irreversible
long-lasting and perhaps irreversible
long-lasting and perhaps irreversible consequences so the question becomes
consequences so the question becomes
consequences so the question becomes we’re forced to ask ourselves what if we
we’re forced to ask ourselves what if we
we’re forced to ask ourselves what if we do get to a point where global warming
do get to a point where global warming
do get to a point where global warming is getting out of control with the
is getting out of control with the
is getting out of control with the recent climate change denial in inaction
recent climate change denial in inaction
recent climate change denial in inaction in the US government now may be the time
in the US government now may be the time
in the US government now may be the time to address the science and morality
to address the science and morality
to address the science and morality behind new solutions to global warming
behind new solutions to global warming
behind new solutions to global warming and for the past couple years I’ve been
and for the past couple years I’ve been
and for the past couple years I’ve been studying one of these solution ideas
studying one of these solution ideas
studying one of these solution ideas it’s something called geoengineering
it’s something called geoengineering
it’s something called geoengineering which sounds complicated but it’s really
which sounds complicated but it’s really
which sounds complicated but it’s really just an umbrella term for things and
just an umbrella term for things and
just an umbrella term for things and methods to on a large scale cool the
methods to on a large scale cool the
methods to on a large scale cool the climate as a response to global warming
climate as a response to global warming
climate as a response to global warming now there are multiple ways you could go
now there are multiple ways you could go
now there are multiple ways you could go about doing this large-scale cooling
about doing this large-scale cooling
about doing this large-scale cooling but the one that I focused on is an idea
but the one that I focused on is an idea
but the one that I focused on is an idea called marine cloud brightening so to
called marine cloud brightening so to
called marine cloud brightening so to explain marine cloud brightening I’m
explain marine cloud brightening I’m
explain marine cloud brightening I’m gonna give a quick crash course on
gonna give a quick crash course on
gonna give a quick crash course on clouds who out there is seen a cloud
clouds who out there is seen a cloud
clouds who out there is seen a cloud before yeah yeah I expected that I mean
before yeah yeah I expected that I mean
before yeah yeah I expected that I mean everyone knows what a cloud is right but
everyone knows what a cloud is right but
everyone knows what a cloud is right but actually what what the heck are clouds
actually what what the heck are clouds
actually what what the heck are clouds well they’re really just collections of
well they’re really just collections of
well they’re really just collections of many tiny water droplets and sometimes
many tiny water droplets and sometimes
many tiny water droplets and sometimes ice crystals and when sunlight hits
ice crystals and when sunlight hits
ice crystals and when sunlight hits these water droplets they let some of it
these water droplets they let some of it
these water droplets they let some of it through but they also reflect some back
through but they also reflect some back
through but they also reflect some back up into space and the clouds act kind of
up into space and the clouds act kind of
up into space and the clouds act kind of like big soggy mirrors and that’s why
like big soggy mirrors and that’s why
like big soggy mirrors and that’s why stormy clouds for example look so dark
stormy clouds for example look so dark
stormy clouds for example look so dark from below they’re so thick that they’re
from below they’re so thick that they’re
from below they’re so thick that they’re reflecting away almost all the sunlight
reflecting away almost all the sunlight
reflecting away almost all the sunlight that hits them as you probably know from
that hits them as you probably know from
that hits them as you probably know from walking here today in good old
walking here today in good old
walking here today in good old Providence when clouds block sunlight it
Providence when clouds block sunlight it
Providence when clouds block sunlight it can get cold so what if you could make
can get cold so what if you could make
can get cold so what if you could make clouds more reflective well then the
clouds more reflective well then the
clouds more reflective well then the Earth’s surface would cool down even
Earth’s surface would cool down even
Earth’s surface would cool down even more and that’s exactly the goal behind
more and that’s exactly the goal behind
more and that’s exactly the goal behind myrin cloud brightening you make the
myrin cloud brightening you make the
myrin cloud brightening you make the clouds over the oceans more reflective
clouds over the oceans more reflective
clouds over the oceans more reflective which would help to lower the planets
which would help to lower the planets
which would help to lower the planets temperature so how do you make clouds
temperature so how do you make clouds
temperature so how do you make clouds more reflective well you do that by
more reflective well you do that by
more reflective well you do that by increasing the number of those droplets
increasing the number of those droplets
increasing the number of those droplets in the cloud in the proposed way of
in the cloud in the proposed way of
in the cloud in the proposed way of doing that would be to take these
doing that would be to take these
doing that would be to take these funny-looking vessels which are actually
funny-looking vessels which are actually
funny-looking vessels which are actually quite amazing feats of Engineering out
quite amazing feats of Engineering out
quite amazing feats of Engineering out into the ocean where they’d spray a fine
into the ocean where they’d spray a fine
into the ocean where they’d spray a fine mist of seawater into the air as this
mist of seawater into the air as this
mist of seawater into the air as this mist rises it would come into contact
mist rises it would come into contact
mist rises it would come into contact and mix with a type of low-level cloud
and mix with a type of low-level cloud
and mix with a type of low-level cloud that covers 20% of the Earth’s oceans
that covers 20% of the Earth’s oceans
that covers 20% of the Earth’s oceans called marine stratocumulus and so when
called marine stratocumulus and so when
called marine stratocumulus and so when the salt crystals that were in this
the salt crystals that were in this
the salt crystals that were in this salty seawater when they come into
salty seawater when they come into
salty seawater when they come into contact with these clouds they become
contact with these clouds they become
contact with these clouds they become what we call cloud condensation nuclei
what we call cloud condensation nuclei
what we call cloud condensation nuclei they actually help water condense into
they actually help water condense into
they actually help water condense into more droplets these more droplets are
more droplets these more droplets are
more droplets these more droplets are better at reflecting sunlight making the
better at reflecting sunlight making the
better at reflecting sunlight making the cloud quote-unquote brighter there you
cloud quote-unquote brighter there you
cloud quote-unquote brighter there you have it marine cloud brightening making
have it marine cloud brightening making
have it marine cloud brightening making clouds over the ocean more
clouds over the ocean more
clouds over the ocean more collected and the interesting thing is
collected and the interesting thing is
collected and the interesting thing is that modeling has actually shown that if
that modeling has actually shown that if
that modeling has actually shown that if you can brighten enough of these clouds
you can brighten enough of these clouds
you can brighten enough of these clouds which you can with a network
which you can with a network
which you can with a network theoretically of of those vessels and
theoretically of of those vessels and
theoretically of of those vessels and for a reasonable price you could
for a reasonable price you could
for a reasonable price you could completely counteract the warming that
completely counteract the warming that
completely counteract the warming that would be caused by doubling today’s
would be caused by doubling today’s
would be caused by doubling today’s levels of co2 now
levels of co2 now
levels of co2 now I’ve just given you a lot to chew on is
I’ve just given you a lot to chew on is
I’ve just given you a lot to chew on is is everyone still awake
is everyone still awake
is everyone still awake let’s take a step away from the cloud
let’s take a step away from the cloud
let’s take a step away from the cloud physics for a bit
physics for a bit
physics for a bit basically I’m telling you that there’s a
basically I’m telling you that there’s a
basically I’m telling you that there’s a way to hack the planet to lessen the
way to hack the planet to lessen the
way to hack the planet to lessen the effects of global warming now some of
effects of global warming now some of
effects of global warming now some of you out there probably like that’s an
you out there probably like that’s an
you out there probably like that’s an interesting idea but I wouldn’t be
interesting idea but I wouldn’t be
interesting idea but I wouldn’t be surprised if a lot of you were like mmm
surprised if a lot of you were like mmm
surprised if a lot of you were like mmm this guy’s crazy
this guy’s crazy
this guy’s crazy filming machines to control the climate
filming machines to control the climate
filming machines to control the climate sounds like a really really bad idea you
sounds like a really really bad idea you
sounds like a really really bad idea you know I’ve seen the the YouTube comments
know I’ve seen the the YouTube comments
know I’ve seen the the YouTube comments on the other Ted geoengineering videos
on the other Ted geoengineering videos
on the other Ted geoengineering videos and they’re really not pretty but you
and they’re really not pretty but you
and they’re really not pretty but you know I I do get it I mean geoengineering
know I I do get it I mean geoengineering
know I I do get it I mean geoengineering seems like a counterintuitive thing to
seems like a counterintuitive thing to
seems like a counterintuitive thing to be suggesting why on earth would we want
be suggesting why on earth would we want
be suggesting why on earth would we want to meddle more with the climate
to meddle more with the climate
to meddle more with the climate we’re obviously really bad at doing that
we’re obviously really bad at doing that
we’re obviously really bad at doing that isn’t that what got us into this mess in
isn’t that what got us into this mess in
isn’t that what got us into this mess in the first place but let me be clear I’m
the first place but let me be clear I’m
the first place but let me be clear I’m not saying we should go out right now
not saying we should go out right now
not saying we should go out right now and dump a bunch of salt water into the
and dump a bunch of salt water into the
and dump a bunch of salt water into the air for one thing we need to do a lot
air for one thing we need to do a lot
air for one thing we need to do a lot more work to assess what kind of
more work to assess what kind of
more work to assess what kind of consequences that might have but right
consequences that might have but right
consequences that might have but right now I’d like to focus less on the
now I’d like to focus less on the
now I’d like to focus less on the specifics of those physical consequences
specifics of those physical consequences
specifics of those physical consequences and more on whether we as humans have
and more on whether we as humans have
and more on whether we as humans have the moral right to intentionally modify
the moral right to intentionally modify
the moral right to intentionally modify the Earth’s climate the man who invented
the Earth’s climate the man who invented
the Earth’s climate the man who invented the idea of marine cloud brightening his
the idea of marine cloud brightening his
the idea of marine cloud brightening his name is dr. John Latham he used to be my
name is dr. John Latham he used to be my
name is dr. John Latham he used to be my research supervisor and he once told me
research supervisor and he once told me
research supervisor and he once told me that with this whole geoengineering
that with this whole geoengineering
that with this whole geoengineering thing we’re essentially playing God and
thing we’re essentially playing God and
thing we’re essentially playing God and that’s really not something to take
that’s really not something to take
that’s really not something to take lightly I feel like the phrase playing
lightly I feel like the phrase playing
lightly I feel like the phrase playing God gets thrown around a lot nowadays in
God gets thrown around a lot nowadays in
God gets thrown around a lot nowadays in science but people don’t ever really
science but people don’t ever really
science but people don’t ever really stop to think about what that entails
stop to think about what that entails
stop to think about what that entails you know as humans we have the ability
you know as humans we have the ability
you know as humans we have the ability to modify something as large as complex
to modify something as large as complex
to modify something as large as complex as the Earth’s climate
as the Earth’s climate
as the Earth’s climate if it’s global warming already we’re
if it’s global warming already we’re
if it’s global warming already we’re starting to see unprecedented changes in
starting to see unprecedented changes in
starting to see unprecedented changes in weather and climate everywhere not just
weather and climate everywhere not just
weather and climate everywhere not just limited to a specific area with
limited to a specific area with
limited to a specific area with geoengineering we’re talking about
geoengineering we’re talking about
geoengineering we’re talking about making these kinds the scale of changes
making these kinds the scale of changes
making these kinds the scale of changes intentionally so it sort of seems like
intentionally so it sort of seems like
intentionally so it sort of seems like we’ve come to the point where our
we’ve come to the point where our
we’ve come to the point where our actions might not just be human and
actions might not just be human and
actions might not just be human and scale anymore
scale anymore
scale anymore they may might be somewhere closer to
they may might be somewhere closer to
they may might be somewhere closer to God like and then the question becomes
God like and then the question becomes
God like and then the question becomes how do we use this power we’re here
how do we use this power we’re here
how do we use this power we’re here today to talk about breaking barriers so
today to talk about breaking barriers so
today to talk about breaking barriers so how do we break the barrier do we break
how do we break the barrier do we break
how do we break the barrier do we break the barrier between acting like mere
the barrier between acting like mere
the barrier between acting like mere mortals and acting like gods and I’ve
mortals and acting like gods and I’ve
mortals and acting like gods and I’ve struggled a lot with this question you
struggled a lot with this question you
struggled a lot with this question you know at the beginning I mentioned that
know at the beginning I mentioned that
know at the beginning I mentioned that the idea of global warming has always
the idea of global warming has always
the idea of global warming has always scared me but in the middle of high
scared me but in the middle of high
scared me but in the middle of high school when I became introduced to this
school when I became introduced to this
school when I became introduced to this idea of geoengineering started working
idea of geoengineering started working
idea of geoengineering started working with dr. Latham my friend Nick out there
with dr. Latham my friend Nick out there
with dr. Latham my friend Nick out there I was like wow you know this actually
I was like wow you know this actually
I was like wow you know this actually might be a solvable problem you know we
might be a solvable problem you know we
might be a solvable problem you know we can fix this but the more I’ve looked at
can fix this but the more I’ve looked at
can fix this but the more I’ve looked at the sheer numbers of how much carbon
the sheer numbers of how much carbon
the sheer numbers of how much carbon were emitting and the research that’s
were emitting and the research that’s
were emitting and the research that’s out there the less sure I’ve become this
out there the less sure I’ve become this
out there the less sure I’ve become this is something we want to put ourselves in
is something we want to put ourselves in
is something we want to put ourselves in the position of having to do so I don’t
the position of having to do so I don’t
the position of having to do so I don’t claim to have the answer but to help you
claim to have the answer but to help you
claim to have the answer but to help you think about it I’ll present two
think about it I’ll present two
think about it I’ll present two arguments in favor of geoengineering and
arguments in favor of geoengineering and
arguments in favor of geoengineering and one against it
one against it
one against it the first justification for
the first justification for
the first justification for geoengineering looks something like this
geoengineering looks something like this
geoengineering looks something like this we should geoengineers so we can
we should geoengineers so we can
we should geoengineers so we can optimize the climate for human activity
optimize the climate for human activity
optimize the climate for human activity now I’m an engineering student so in my
now I’m an engineering student so in my
now I’m an engineering student so in my limited experience I’ve found that the
limited experience I’ve found that the
limited experience I’ve found that the point of engineering is designing or
point of engineering is designing or
point of engineering is designing or improving something for human benefit
improving something for human benefit
improving something for human benefit and so with this climate engineering
and so with this climate engineering
and so with this climate engineering thing we can cool the planet sure but
thing we can cool the planet sure but
thing we can cool the planet sure but like why not increase rainfall to help
like why not increase rainfall to help
like why not increase rainfall to help grow our crops or make certain regions
grow our crops or make certain regions
grow our crops or make certain regions more temperate and comfortable to live
more temperate and comfortable to live
more temperate and comfortable to live in but while it might be tempting to
in but while it might be tempting to
in but while it might be tempting to turn the entire world into palm springs
turn the entire world into palm springs
turn the entire world into palm springs we need to keep in mind that if we
we need to keep in mind that if we
we need to keep in mind that if we approach geoengineering with this
approach geoengineering with this
approach geoengineering with this mindset we’re implying that the earth is
mindset we’re implying that the earth is
mindset we’re implying that the earth is just another thing that
just another thing that
just another thing that humans have the right to dominate and
humans have the right to dominate and
humans have the right to dominate and while we may act like gods we must
while we may act like gods we must
while we may act like gods we must remember that our power is bounded by
remember that our power is bounded by
remember that our power is bounded by our limitations our arrogance and the
our limitations our arrogance and the
our limitations our arrogance and the gaps in our understanding among other
gaps in our understanding among other
gaps in our understanding among other things so as a response to the last
things so as a response to the last
things so as a response to the last argument here’s a compelling reason not
argument here’s a compelling reason not
argument here’s a compelling reason not to Geoengineer we should not Geoengineer
to Geoengineer we should not Geoengineer
to Geoengineer we should not Geoengineer because nature is complicated it’s
because nature is complicated it’s
because nature is complicated it’s powerful and we’ve messed with it enough
powerful and we’ve messed with it enough
powerful and we’ve messed with it enough in the first place attempting
in the first place attempting
in the first place attempting geoengineering isn’t worth dealing with
geoengineering isn’t worth dealing with
geoengineering isn’t worth dealing with the repercussions it would cause so real
the repercussions it would cause so real
the repercussions it would cause so real quick if we we take a look at our track
quick if we we take a look at our track
quick if we we take a look at our track record of modifying the climate let’s
record of modifying the climate let’s
record of modifying the climate let’s see we’ve caused global warming and
see we’ve caused global warming and
see we’ve caused global warming and that’s it I know that was technically
that’s it I know that was technically
that’s it I know that was technically unintentional but it just goes to show
unintentional but it just goes to show
unintentional but it just goes to show how bad we could be at predicting the
how bad we could be at predicting the
how bad we could be at predicting the consequences of our actions and
consequences of our actions and
consequences of our actions and truthfully with geoengineering we don’t
truthfully with geoengineering we don’t
truthfully with geoengineering we don’t yet know enough about it to actually go
yet know enough about it to actually go
yet know enough about it to actually go out and try it but then there’s the
out and try it but then there’s the
out and try it but then there’s the problem of politics so say one day we do
problem of politics so say one day we do
problem of politics so say one day we do decide to go out and try geoengineering
decide to go out and try geoengineering
decide to go out and try geoengineering well then who would be responsible for
well then who would be responsible for
well then who would be responsible for actually doing it you know the changes
actually doing it you know the changes
actually doing it you know the changes brought on by geoengineering would
brought on by geoengineering would
brought on by geoengineering would affect literally the entire world and we
affect literally the entire world and we
affect literally the entire world and we don’t have a governing body or an
don’t have a governing body or an
don’t have a governing body or an organization that represents the entire
organization that represents the entire
organization that represents the entire world’s interests a common problem that
world’s interests a common problem that
world’s interests a common problem that comes up when talking about this stuff
comes up when talking about this stuff
comes up when talking about this stuff is who sets the thermostat what if one
is who sets the thermostat what if one
is who sets the thermostat what if one country wants the temperature here and
country wants the temperature here and
country wants the temperature here and another one sits somewhere else finally
another one sits somewhere else finally
another one sits somewhere else finally the last argument for geoengineering
the last argument for geoengineering
the last argument for geoengineering sort of combines the previous two okay
sort of combines the previous two okay
sort of combines the previous two okay okay so I get that we shouldn’t be
okay so I get that we shouldn’t be
okay so I get that we shouldn’t be meddling with nature because it’s
meddling with nature because it’s
meddling with nature because it’s probably smarter than we are
probably smarter than we are
probably smarter than we are and we shouldn’t be taking up the mantle
and we shouldn’t be taking up the mantle
and we shouldn’t be taking up the mantle of God but don’t we have the moral
of God but don’t we have the moral
of God but don’t we have the moral obligation to protect and fix the
obligation to protect and fix the
obligation to protect and fix the problems we’ve created with global
problems we’ve created with global
problems we’ve created with global warming and this argument keeps in mind
warming and this argument keeps in mind
warming and this argument keeps in mind that geoengineering does have
that geoengineering does have
that geoengineering does have limitations you know it might even be
limitations you know it might even be
limitations you know it might even be the lesser of two evils something we’d
the lesser of two evils something we’d
the lesser of two evils something we’d only want to do if absolutely necessary
only want to do if absolutely necessary
only want to do if absolutely necessary but it also keeps in mind that is humans
but it also keeps in mind that is humans
but it also keeps in mind that is humans we have a moral responsibility to
we have a moral responsibility to
we have a moral responsibility to preserve the property
preserve the property
preserve the property the rights the general well-being of our
the rights the general well-being of our
the rights the general well-being of our species as a friend of mine once put it
species as a friend of mine once put it
species as a friend of mine once put it what property is more common than air
what property is more common than air
what property is more common than air and what right more fundamental than
and what right more fundamental than
and what right more fundamental than breathing free we have the moral
breathing free we have the moral
breathing free we have the moral obligation to preserve our environment
obligation to preserve our environment
obligation to preserve our environment our earth even if it means dealing with
our earth even if it means dealing with
our earth even if it means dealing with the consequences of geoengineering all
the consequences of geoengineering all
the consequences of geoengineering all right so what are these arguments saying
right so what are these arguments saying
right so what are these arguments saying what do we want well we want a climate
what do we want well we want a climate
what do we want well we want a climate that is habitable and conducive to human
that is habitable and conducive to human
that is habitable and conducive to human activity we don’t want to meddle with
activity we don’t want to meddle with
activity we don’t want to meddle with the climate more than we already have
the climate more than we already have
the climate more than we already have but we want to create a future we need
but we want to create a future we need
but we want to create a future we need to create a future for the well-being of
to create a future for the well-being of
to create a future for the well-being of humans and therefore of the earth we
humans and therefore of the earth we
humans and therefore of the earth we call home is secure if we take a look at
call home is secure if we take a look at
call home is secure if we take a look at these things that we want the solution
these things that we want the solution
these things that we want the solution starts to become clearer we need to do
starts to become clearer we need to do
starts to become clearer we need to do what we set out to do with the Paris
what we set out to do with the Paris
what we set out to do with the Paris agreement we need to slow down our
agreement we need to slow down our
agreement we need to slow down our emissions and mitigate our output of
emissions and mitigate our output of
emissions and mitigate our output of carbon think about it developing and
carbon think about it developing and
carbon think about it developing and implementing renewable energy technology
implementing renewable energy technology
implementing renewable energy technology will help spur the advancement of
will help spur the advancement of
will help spur the advancement of industry you know it’ll grow our
industry you know it’ll grow our
industry you know it’ll grow our economies give back to our societies but
economies give back to our societies but
economies give back to our societies but it will also help us work toward a more
it will also help us work toward a more
it will also help us work toward a more habitable planet both for us and all the
habitable planet both for us and all the
habitable planet both for us and all the living things that share it but you know
living things that share it but you know
living things that share it but you know where where does that leave us I mean we
where where does that leave us I mean we
where where does that leave us I mean we obviously have trouble following
obviously have trouble following
obviously have trouble following agreements like Paris and that’s what’s
agreements like Paris and that’s what’s
agreements like Paris and that’s what’s so scary and maybe I have even scared
so scary and maybe I have even scared
so scary and maybe I have even scared you a little bit today but there is
you a little bit today but there is
you a little bit today but there is still reason to have hope because we
still reason to have hope because we
still reason to have hope because we might not yet be at that point of
might not yet be at that point of
might not yet be at that point of no-return that point where we might meet
no-return that point where we might meet
no-return that point where we might meet the Geoengineer just to survive
the Geoengineer just to survive
the Geoengineer just to survive and there are things everyone in this
and there are things everyone in this
and there are things everyone in this room can do to help turn off the lights
room can do to help turn off the lights
room can do to help turn off the lights or at least buy a better bulb vote with
or at least buy a better bulb vote with
or at least buy a better bulb vote with your dollar plant a tree and most
your dollar plant a tree and most
your dollar plant a tree and most importantly get out there and shout
importantly get out there and shout
importantly get out there and shout encourage the people around you to take
encourage the people around you to take
encourage the people around you to take action as well I’m not kidding these
action as well I’m not kidding these
action as well I’m not kidding these things really do add up I’d like to
things really do add up I’d like to
things really do add up I’d like to leave you with a quote by Henry David
leave you with a quote by Henry David
leave you with a quote by Henry David Thoreau he says
Thoreau he says
Thoreau he says I love nature partly because she is not
I love nature partly because she is not
I love nature partly because she is not man or to retreat from him non of his
man or to retreat from him non of his
man or to retreat from him non of his institutions control or pervade her in
institutions control or pervade her in
institutions control or pervade her in her midst I can be glad with an entire
her midst I can be glad with an entire
her midst I can be glad with an entire gladness he is constraint
gladness he is constraint
gladness he is constraint she is freedom to me he makes me wish
she is freedom to me he makes me wish
she is freedom to me he makes me wish for another world
for another world
for another world she makes me content with this let’s
she makes me content with this let’s
she makes me content with this let’s preserve this nature this earth but stay
preserve this nature this earth but stay
preserve this nature this earth but stay on the path we’ve headed done with the
on the path we’ve headed done with the
on the path we’ve headed done with the Paris agreement and not deviate back to
Paris agreement and not deviate back to
Paris agreement and not deviate back to our old dependencies on non-renewable
our old dependencies on non-renewable
our old dependencies on non-renewable resources and I really do have
resources and I really do have
resources and I really do have confidence that together we can avoid
confidence that together we can avoid
confidence that together we can avoid creating a world where geoengineering is
creating a world where geoengineering is
creating a world where geoengineering is our only course of action thank you
our only course of action thank you
our only course of action thank you [Applause]
”
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