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The Robocars are Coming | Paul Perrone | TEDxCharlottesville


one day a bright sunny day a beautiful

one day a bright sunny day a beautiful day actually in late October about 11

day actually in late October about 11

day actually in late October about 11 years ago out in the Mojave Desert on

years ago out in the Mojave Desert on

years ago out in the Mojave Desert on the edge of the Mojave Desert butting up

the edge of the Mojave Desert butting up

the edge of the Mojave Desert butting up against a spectacular mountain range but

against a spectacular mountain range but

against a spectacular mountain range but nestled in an international speedway

nestled in an international speedway

nestled in an international speedway that’s usually host to human powered

that’s usually host to human powered

that’s usually host to human powered nascar-type races something unusual was

nascar-type races something unusual was

nascar-type races something unusual was happening so that was my first robot car

happening so that was my first robot car

happening so that was my first robot car experience that was Tommy and he went

experience that was Tommy and he went

experience that was Tommy and he went completely berserk crashed into a wall

completely berserk crashed into a wall

completely berserk crashed into a wall and this of course all occurring at one

and this of course all occurring at one

and this of course all occurring at one of the most prestigious and historic

of the most prestigious and historic

of the most prestigious and historic events for autonomous driving called the

events for autonomous driving called the

events for autonomous driving called the darpa grand challenge there was a year’s

darpa grand challenge there was a year’s

darpa grand challenge there was a year’s worth of work that went into this a lot

worth of work that went into this a lot

worth of work that went into this a lot of sleepless nights and my attempts to

of sleepless nights and my attempts to

of sleepless nights and my attempts to make one of the world’s first driverless

make one of the world’s first driverless

make one of the world’s first driverless cars felt suddenly bleak everything just

cars felt suddenly bleak everything just

cars felt suddenly bleak everything just came to an abrupt halt so I started to

came to an abrupt halt so I started to

came to an abrupt halt so I started to ask myself why was I doing this how did

ask myself why was I doing this how did

ask myself why was I doing this how did I how did I get here and I still ask

I how did I get here and I still ask

I how did I get here and I still ask myself that and it really started with a

myself that and it really started with a

myself that and it really started with a cat’s eyes robot and that’s an actual

cat’s eyes robot and that’s an actual

cat’s eyes robot and that’s an actual cat that’s Cappy and that’s the robot

cat that’s Cappy and that’s the robot

cat that’s Cappy and that’s the robot beaker they didn’t get along very well

beaker outlived Cappy he just had that

beaker outlived Cappy he just had that in its DNA Cappy however lived a long

in its DNA Cappy however lived a long

in its DNA Cappy however lived a long life died of natural causes at least

life died of natural causes at least

life died of natural causes at least that’s what the robot claimed but the

that’s what the robot claimed but the

that’s what the robot claimed but the the one idea was to create a really cool

the one idea was to create a really cool

the one idea was to create a really cool piece of software that with minimal

piece of software that with minimal

piece of software that with minimal effort would quickly enable anybody and

effort would quickly enable anybody and

effort would quickly enable anybody and I’m including my six-year-old son in

I’m including my six-year-old son in

I’m including my six-year-old son in this anybody to be able to create a

this anybody to be able to create a

this anybody to be able to create a robot faster cheaper just a radically

robot faster cheaper just a radically

robot faster cheaper just a radically fast a radically new way to create these

fast a radically new way to create these

fast a radically new way to create these complex machines rich and intelligence

complex machines rich and intelligence

complex machines rich and intelligence and rich and diverse capabilities and I

and rich and diverse capabilities and I

and rich and diverse capabilities and I felt that this was important to me

felt that this was important to me

felt that this was important to me because this would help this may be a

because this would help this may be a

because this would help this may be a key ingredient to foster the widespread

key ingredient to foster the widespread

key ingredient to foster the widespread growth of robotics and the widespread

growth of robotics and the widespread

growth of robotics and the widespread growth of robotics I felt may actually

growth of robotics I felt may actually

growth of robotics I felt may actually help accelerate human evolution itself

help accelerate human evolution itself

help accelerate human evolution itself maybe that was a little heady but that’s

maybe that was a little heady but that’s

maybe that was a little heady but that’s what I thought anyway and my journey

what I thought anyway and my journey

what I thought anyway and my journey along the way experienced a lot of ups

along the way experienced a lot of ups

along the way experienced a lot of ups and downs here are a few pictures from

and downs here are a few pictures from

and downs here are a few pictures from my trip it’s like a home video this is a

my trip it’s like a home video this is a

my trip it’s like a home video this is a shiny polished Tommy making his debut at

shiny polished Tommy making his debut at

shiny polished Tommy making his debut at the darpa grand challenge that was an up

the darpa grand challenge that was an up

the darpa grand challenge that was an up this is a down this is Tommy getting

this is a down this is Tommy getting

this is a down this is Tommy getting stuck in hay bails spinning and smoking

stuck in hay bails spinning and smoking

stuck in hay bails spinning and smoking his wheels and this isn’t up this is me

his wheels and this isn’t up this is me

his wheels and this isn’t up this is me having an intimate moment with Tommy

having an intimate moment with Tommy

having an intimate moment with Tommy kissing him after he crossed the finish

kissing him after he crossed the finish

kissing him after he crossed the finish line during one of his trial races that

line during one of his trial races that

line during one of his trial races that pretty much guaranteed his entry into

pretty much guaranteed his entry into

pretty much guaranteed his entry into the DARPA Grand Challenge so we were

the DARPA Grand Challenge so we were

the DARPA Grand Challenge so we were really excited about that and this was

really excited about that and this was

really excited about that and this was of course that big down that you saw the

of course that big down that you saw the

of course that big down that you saw the unexplained acceleration and Tommy

unexplained acceleration and Tommy

unexplained acceleration and Tommy kissing a concrete barrier during the

kissing a concrete barrier during the

kissing a concrete barrier during the race this is us having the repair Tommy

race this is us having the repair Tommy

race this is us having the repair Tommy we had to replace the entire front end

we had to replace the entire front end

we had to replace the entire front end of the vehicle and source a new engine

of the vehicle and source a new engine

of the vehicle and source a new engine in the middle of the desert these uh

in the middle of the desert these uh

in the middle of the desert these uh desert border towns it’s very difficult

desert border towns it’s very difficult

desert border towns it’s very difficult to find such an engine this is us

to find such an engine this is us

to find such an engine this is us rebuilding Tommy in less than 36 hours

rebuilding Tommy in less than 36 hours

rebuilding Tommy in less than 36 hours working through the night on no sleep 40

working through the night on no sleep 40

working through the night on no sleep 40 degree weather was very cold there and

degree weather was very cold there and

degree weather was very cold there and Windy desert were working in the middle

Windy desert were working in the middle

Windy desert were working in the middle of nowhere in a parking lot but this was

of nowhere in a parking lot but this was

of nowhere in a parking lot but this was the up this is us bringing Tommy back to

the up this is us bringing Tommy back to

the up this is us bringing Tommy back to the challenge after we rebuilt him and

the challenge after we rebuilt him and

the challenge after we rebuilt him and giving him a shot to take another run at

giving him a shot to take another run at

giving him a shot to take another run at the darpa grand challenge to make it

the darpa grand challenge to make it

the darpa grand challenge to make it into the final event so this was a down

into the final event so this was a down

into the final event so this was a down this is us getting stuck on the Hoover

this is us getting stuck on the Hoover

this is us getting stuck on the Hoover Dam that’s right the Hoover Dam in a 35

Dam that’s right the Hoover Dam in a 35

Dam that’s right the Hoover Dam in a 35 foot long RV with Tommy and a trailer in

foot long RV with Tommy and a trailer in

foot long RV with Tommy and a trailer in tow after he was denied participation in

tow after he was denied participation in

tow after he was denied participation in that event that was a dark moment but

that event that was a dark moment but

that event that was a dark moment but this wasn’t up this is me making the

this wasn’t up this is me making the

this wasn’t up this is me making the awareness rounds with Tommy to bring

awareness rounds with Tommy to bring

awareness rounds with Tommy to bring awareness to driverless vehicles as

awareness to driverless vehicles as

awareness to driverless vehicles as early as 2006 and Tommy winning some

early as 2006 and Tommy winning some

early as 2006 and Tommy winning some awards and this is Tommy’s robotic

awards and this is Tommy’s robotic

awards and this is Tommy’s robotic progeny Tommy jr. in the 2007 DARPA

progeny Tommy jr. in the 2007 DARPA

progeny Tommy jr. in the 2007 DARPA urban challenge which was a race of

urban challenge which was a race of

urban challenge which was a race of driverless cars through a city this is

driverless cars through a city this is

driverless cars through a city this is Tommy jr. making the awareness rounds

Tommy jr. making the awareness rounds

Tommy jr. making the awareness rounds like his father and meeting rocker Neil

like his father and meeting rocker Neil

like his father and meeting rocker Neil Young’s producer Larry Johnson at a

Young’s producer Larry Johnson at a

Young’s producer Larry Johnson at a conference that was a lot of fun and

conference that was a lot of fun and

conference that was a lot of fun and this is me working with Neil to help

this is me working with Neil to help

this is me working with Neil to help automate link fold link volt was Neils

automate link fold link volt was Neils

automate link fold link volt was Neils 1959 lincoln continental that we work to

1959 lincoln continental that we work to

1959 lincoln continental that we work to convert into a clean energy hybrid and

convert into a clean energy hybrid and

convert into a clean energy hybrid and we were automating it completely and

we were automating it completely and

we were automating it completely and this was a down this is linked ville in

this was a down this is linked ville in

this was a down this is linked ville in a freak fire inside of a warehouse that

a freak fire inside of a warehouse that

a freak fire inside of a warehouse that actually took some of Neil’s memorabilia

actually took some of Neil’s memorabilia

actually took some of Neil’s memorabilia with it but there’s an up and this is me

with it but there’s an up and this is me

with it but there’s an up and this is me receiving a Lifetime Achievement Award

receiving a Lifetime Achievement Award

receiving a Lifetime Achievement Award which is kind of weird don’t feel him

which is kind of weird don’t feel him

which is kind of weird don’t feel him that old for the software inside of link

that old for the software inside of link

that old for the software inside of link fo Neil and I had also patented some of

fo Neil and I had also patented some of

fo Neil and I had also patented some of the link volts ideas and Link fold was

the link volts ideas and Link fold was

the link volts ideas and Link fold was ultimately rebuilt and Neil drives link

ultimately rebuilt and Neil drives link

ultimately rebuilt and Neil drives link bolt today so that’s an up so there’s a

bolt today so that’s an up so there’s a

bolt today so that’s an up so there’s a lot of ups and downs 15 years of it

lot of ups and downs 15 years of it

lot of ups and downs 15 years of it actually took 10 years just to get the

actually took 10 years just to get the

actually took 10 years just to get the patent for the one idea software idea

patent for the one idea software idea

patent for the one idea software idea that I mentioned a lot of ebbs and flows

that I mentioned a lot of ebbs and flows

that I mentioned a lot of ebbs and flows of projects and economic conditions and

of projects and economic conditions and

of projects and economic conditions and in the dark moments where you don’t have

in the dark moments where you don’t have

in the dark moments where you don’t have enough money to keep everyone employed

enough money to keep everyone employed

enough money to keep everyone employed which is always you know an

which is always you know an

which is always you know an entrepreneurs worst nightmare

entrepreneurs worst nightmare

entrepreneurs worst nightmare and then but always moving forward

and then but always moving forward

and then but always moving forward trying to make the software smarter and

trying to make the software smarter and

trying to make the software smarter and smarter and just one month ago receiving

smarter and just one month ago receiving

smarter and just one month ago receiving that investment from one of the world’s

that investment from one of the world’s

that investment from one of the world’s largest computer chip makers in the one

largest computer chip makers in the one

largest computer chip makers in the one idea to power the world’s robots and

idea to power the world’s robots and

idea to power the world’s robots and autonomous vehicles so we were excited

autonomous vehicles so we were excited

autonomous vehicles so we were excited about that so we’re on an up phase so

about that so we’re on an up phase so

about that so we’re on an up phase so driverless cars are on public roads now

driverless cars are on public roads now

driverless cars are on public roads now they’re making their ways on the public

they’re making their ways on the public

they’re making their ways on the public roads now and they’re also experiencing

roads now and they’re also experiencing

roads now and they’re also experiencing some of their own ups and downs this is

some of their own ups and downs this is

some of their own ups and downs this is the Tesla autopilot example which is on

the Tesla autopilot example which is on

the Tesla autopilot example which is on public roads there’s actually some

public roads there’s actually some

public roads there’s actually some autonomy involved in these and I forgot

autonomy involved in these and I forgot

autonomy involved in these and I forgot to mention that one of the benefits is

to mention that one of the benefits is

to mention that one of the benefits is apparently to be able to play a pan

apparently to be able to play a pan

apparently to be able to play a pan flute while being autonomously driven

flute while being autonomously driven

flute while being autonomously driven but the early adopters are certainly get

but the early adopters are certainly get

but the early adopters are certainly get a taste of the freedom that this brings

a taste of the freedom that this brings

a taste of the freedom that this brings and the but the technology is still

and the but the technology is still

and the but the technology is still early and this is actually a super

early and this is actually a super

early and this is actually a super serious warning because these cars are

serious warning because these cars are

serious warning because these cars are not 100% autonomous yet there has been

not 100% autonomous yet there has been

not 100% autonomous yet there has been an accident and there is this assumption

an accident and there is this assumption

an accident and there is this assumption that there is full autonomy and there’s

that there is full autonomy and there’s

that there is full autonomy and there’s sort of this loss of vigilance that

sort of this loss of vigilance that

sort of this loss of vigilance that occurs as people assume these cars or

occurs as people assume these cars or

occurs as people assume these cars or fully autonomous when they’re not yet

fully autonomous when they’re not yet

fully autonomous when they’re not yet and this is all happening at a very fast

and this is all happening at a very fast

and this is all happening at a very fast rate and some say happening too fast

rate and some say happening too fast

rate and some say happening too fast however so too is the speed at which we

however so too is the speed at which we

however so too is the speed at which we can respond to issues we can actually do

can respond to issues we can actually do

can respond to issues we can actually do over-the-air updates from manufacturer

over-the-air updates from manufacturer

over-the-air updates from manufacturer right to the consumers car we can boil

right to the consumers car we can boil

right to the consumers car we can boil down functions of the car the bits and

down functions of the car the bits and

down functions of the car the bits and bytes of software into things that can

bytes of software into things that can

bytes of software into things that can be sent from manufacturer to your car

be sent from manufacturer to your car

be sent from manufacturer to your car hopefully not while you’re driving but

hopefully not while you’re driving but

hopefully not while you’re driving but but nevertheless dynamic updates and

but nevertheless dynamic updates and

but nevertheless dynamic updates and this changes the way cars will be

this changes the way cars will be

this changes the way cars will be serviced and maintained over the years

serviced and maintained over the years

serviced and maintained over the years so it’s a dramatic shift in in the

so it’s a dramatic shift in in the

so it’s a dramatic shift in in the technology that’s coming to our

technology that’s coming to our

technology that’s coming to our automobiles and it’s going to able us to

automobiles and it’s going to able us to

automobiles and it’s going to able us to accept this new technology and use it

accept this new technology and use it

accept this new technology and use it faster despite the glitches and this is

faster despite the glitches and this is

faster despite the glitches and this is not a history uncommon many of you may

not a history uncommon many of you may

not a history uncommon many of you may recall some of the videos of early

recall some of the videos of early

recall some of the videos of early flight worth of flapping wings and the

flight worth of flapping wings and the

flight worth of flapping wings and the bicycle propelled bicycle powered

bicycle propelled bicycle powered

bicycle propelled bicycle powered propellers and some of those early

propellers and some of those early

propellers and some of those early attempts at human flight ended poorly

attempts at human flight ended poorly

attempts at human flight ended poorly the Wright brothers themselves inventors

the Wright brothers themselves inventors

the Wright brothers themselves inventors of the airplane experienced a tragedy

of the airplane experienced a tragedy

of the airplane experienced a tragedy and a fatal crash in 1908 and really

and a fatal crash in 1908 and really

and a fatal crash in 1908 and really since the first flight in 1903 for a

since the first flight in 1903 for a

since the first flight in 1903 for a while there

while there

while there took a certain amount of bravado to even

took a certain amount of bravado to even

took a certain amount of bravado to even get on to an airplane but airplane

get on to an airplane but airplane

get on to an airplane but airplane safety improved over time especially in

safety improved over time especially in

safety improved over time especially in the 1960s as commercial flight and

the 1960s as commercial flight and

the 1960s as commercial flight and public flight became more and more

public flight became more and more

public flight became more and more popular there was a dramatic decrease in

popular there was a dramatic decrease in

popular there was a dramatic decrease in the amount of accidents that would occur

the amount of accidents that would occur

the amount of accidents that would occur with air travel it’s been improving ever

with air travel it’s been improving ever

with air travel it’s been improving ever since so much so that flying is among

since so much so that flying is among

since so much so that flying is among the safest form of travel especially as

the safest form of travel especially as

the safest form of travel especially as compared to driving in a car and I’d

compared to driving in a car and I’d

compared to driving in a car and I’d like to make the analogy if if you woke

like to make the analogy if if you woke

like to make the analogy if if you woke up one day and you read in the newspaper

up one day and you read in the newspaper

up one day and you read in the newspaper that the second 747 crashed that week

that the second 747 crashed that week

that the second 747 crashed that week claiming the lives of all 350 people on

claiming the lives of all 350 people on

claiming the lives of all 350 people on board and if there were two of these

board and if there were two of these

board and if there were two of these crashes each week throughout the past

crashes each week throughout the past

crashes each week throughout the past year no one would ever fly yet that’s

year no one would ever fly yet that’s

year no one would ever fly yet that’s exactly how many deaths occur on us

exactly how many deaths occur on us

exactly how many deaths occur on us roads in cars today every week every

roads in cars today every week every

roads in cars today every week every year and driverless cars are designed to

year and driverless cars are designed to

year and driverless cars are designed to shield us from that to basically avoid

shield us from that to basically avoid

shield us from that to basically avoid collisions detect and avoid collisions

collisions detect and avoid collisions

collisions detect and avoid collisions and dramatically reduce fatalities so

and dramatically reduce fatalities so

and dramatically reduce fatalities so the question is where will we end up

the question is where will we end up

the question is where will we end up with all this what does the future look

with all this what does the future look

with all this what does the future look like an author joga row of the book

like an author joga row of the book

like an author joga row of the book radical evolution put four three

radical evolution put four three

radical evolution put four three propositions that futures talk about

propositions that futures talk about

propositions that futures talk about when it comes to where technology will

when it comes to where technology will

when it comes to where technology will take us and the first proposition is the

take us and the first proposition is the

take us and the first proposition is the heaven scenario this is utopia this is

heaven scenario this is utopia this is

heaven scenario this is utopia this is where there’s zero loss of life we

where there’s zero loss of life we

where there’s zero loss of life we achieve immortality we’re free to pursue

achieve immortality we’re free to pursue

achieve immortality we’re free to pursue our interests watched over with loving

our interests watched over with loving

our interests watched over with loving grace by machines and in the case of

grace by machines and in the case of

grace by machines and in the case of driverless cars they’ll make us

driverless cars they’ll make us

driverless cars they’ll make us impervious to accidents in this scenario

impervious to accidents in this scenario

impervious to accidents in this scenario we’ll be able to eat sleep drink play

we’ll be able to eat sleep drink play

we’ll be able to eat sleep drink play including play the pan-flute go from

including play the pan-flute go from

including play the pan-flute go from wherever we are to wherever we want to

wherever we are to wherever we want to

wherever we are to wherever we want to go whenever we want to go safely and it

go whenever we want to go safely and it

go whenever we want to go safely and it also brings empowerment those who are

also brings empowerment those who are

also brings empowerment those who are unable who are currently unable to drive

unable who are currently unable to drive

unable who are currently unable to drive the elderly or folks who are unable to

the elderly or folks who are unable to

the elderly or folks who are unable to see will have empowerment and mobility

see will have empowerment and mobility

see will have empowerment and mobility to be able to go to church visit their

to be able to go to church visit their

to be able to go to church visit their grandchildren go to the grocery store

grandchildren go to the grocery store

grandchildren go to the grocery store now the second proposition is the health

now the second proposition is the health

now the second proposition is the health scenario this is dystopia this is where

scenario this is dystopia this is where

scenario this is dystopia this is where technology is used against us right the

technology is used against us right the

technology is used against us right the Terminator wars attacks initiated by

Terminator wars attacks initiated by

Terminator wars attacks initiated by both man and machine human extinction

both man and machine human extinction

both man and machine human extinction becoming

becoming

becoming possible under this most pessimistic

possible under this most pessimistic

possible under this most pessimistic scenario where we’re watched over with

scenario where we’re watched over with

scenario where we’re watched over with steely cold disregard by machines and

steely cold disregard by machines and

steely cold disregard by machines and for driverless cars this might mean a

for driverless cars this might mean a

for driverless cars this might mean a rocky road ahead where there’s just too

rocky road ahead where there’s just too

rocky road ahead where there’s just too many defects and too many accidents and

many defects and too many accidents and

many defects and too many accidents and people say we have to put the brakes on

people say we have to put the brakes on

people say we have to put the brakes on deploying driverless cars or worse that

deploying driverless cars or worse that

deploying driverless cars or worse that these cars are used for malicious

these cars are used for malicious

these cars are used for malicious purposes weaponize the militarized used

purposes weaponize the militarized used

purposes weaponize the militarized used in terrorist attacks or even hacked and

in terrorist attacks or even hacked and

in terrorist attacks or even hacked and redirected unbeknownst to us towards ill

redirected unbeknownst to us towards ill

redirected unbeknownst to us towards ill intent but the third proposition and

intent but the third proposition and

intent but the third proposition and perhaps the most realistic proposition

perhaps the most realistic proposition

perhaps the most realistic proposition is the prevail scenario this is where

is the prevail scenario this is where

is the prevail scenario this is where the rate of our response to fixing

the rate of our response to fixing

the rate of our response to fixing issues exceeds the rate at which these

issues exceeds the rate at which these

issues exceeds the rate at which these issues occur so the benefits for

issues occur so the benefits for

issues occur so the benefits for driverless cars for enhanced safety

driverless cars for enhanced safety

driverless cars for enhanced safety mobility and productivity exceed the

mobility and productivity exceed the

mobility and productivity exceed the issues that arise and the accidents that

issues that arise and the accidents that

issues that arise and the accidents that occur along the way because we’re able

occur along the way because we’re able

occur along the way because we’re able to respond to those issues so an

to respond to those issues so an

to respond to those issues so an interesting thing happens here the

interesting thing happens here the

interesting thing happens here the question is what happens when our rate

question is what happens when our rate

question is what happens when our rate of development on a rate of response

of development on a rate of response

of development on a rate of response happens so fast that machines first

happens so fast that machines first

happens so fast that machines first start to exceed human capabilities and

start to exceed human capabilities and

start to exceed human capabilities and then far exceed human capabilities to

then far exceed human capabilities to

then far exceed human capabilities to the point where the improvement is

the point where the improvement is

the point where the improvement is infinite it’s basically runaway growth

infinite it’s basically runaway growth

infinite it’s basically runaway growth and that’s where the trend proposition

and that’s where the trend proposition

and that’s where the trend proposition comes in from some futurists this is the

comes in from some futurists this is the

comes in from some futurists this is the singularity moment right where infinite

singularity moment right where infinite

singularity moment right where infinite growth is occurs and that’s the

growth is occurs and that’s the

growth is occurs and that’s the singularity the moment when that happens

singularity the moment when that happens

singularity the moment when that happens and futures predict that this will

and futures predict that this will

and futures predict that this will transform what it means to be human that

transform what it means to be human that

transform what it means to be human that machines become part of us and we become

machines become part of us and we become

machines become part of us and we become part machine and the boundaries begin to

part machine and the boundaries begin to

part machine and the boundaries begin to blur and if people think this is kind of

blur and if people think this is kind of

blur and if people think this is kind of weird which it kind of is but just think

weird which it kind of is but just think

weird which it kind of is but just think of cochlear implants that replace the

of cochlear implants that replace the

of cochlear implants that replace the function of human hearing right now that

function of human hearing right now that

function of human hearing right now that exists or people who basically have

exists or people who basically have

exists or people who basically have artificial limbs from the waist down

artificial limbs from the waist down

artificial limbs from the waist down there essentially machined from the

there essentially machined from the

there essentially machined from the waist down or in the future you’re going

waist down or in the future you’re going

waist down or in the future you’re going to want to upgrade to the human heart

to want to upgrade to the human heart

to want to upgrade to the human heart version 2.0 or the human long version

version 2.0 or the human long version

version 2.0 or the human long version 2.0 and get that upgrade right because

2.0 and get that upgrade right because

2.0 and get that upgrade right because you want to live longer or maybe brain

you want to live longer or maybe brain

you want to live longer or maybe brain on with augmentation to make you smarter

on with augmentation to make you smarter

on with augmentation to make you smarter and this is where we transcend and we

and this is where we transcend and we

and this is where we transcend and we become superhuman perhaps a new species

become superhuman perhaps a new species

become superhuman perhaps a new species according to some of the future is so

according to some of the future is so

according to some of the future is so there’s also a singularity for

there’s also a singularity for

there’s also a singularity for driverless cars driverless cars are

driverless cars driverless cars are

driverless cars driverless cars are autonomous vehicles and autonomous

autonomous vehicles and autonomous

autonomous vehicles and autonomous vehicles are these pods that encapsulate

vehicles are these pods that encapsulate

vehicles are these pods that encapsulate our body and whether or not these pods

our body and whether or not these pods

our body and whether or not these pods are just driving on the ground or

are just driving on the ground or

are just driving on the ground or eventually make the seamless transition

eventually make the seamless transition

eventually make the seamless transition from the ground to the air to the

from the ground to the air to the

from the ground to the air to the surface of the sea or to underwater or

surface of the sea or to underwater or

surface of the sea or to underwater or even into space we’ll be able to go

even into space we’ll be able to go

even into space we’ll be able to go wherever we want to go seamlessly in the

wherever we want to go seamlessly in the

wherever we want to go seamlessly in the world and maybe the universe completely

world and maybe the universe completely

world and maybe the universe completely impervious to hazards along the way and

impervious to hazards along the way and

impervious to hazards along the way and that’s the singularity for personal

that’s the singularity for personal

that’s the singularity for personal mobility that’s where we become Superman

so in closing I just thought I’d use

so in closing I just thought I’d use this talk actually to give me the

this talk actually to give me the

this talk actually to give me the opportunity reflect on how one idea can

opportunity reflect on how one idea can

opportunity reflect on how one idea can propel one for better or worse for over

propel one for better or worse for over

propel one for better or worse for over 15 years and sort of where it leads you

15 years and sort of where it leads you

15 years and sort of where it leads you I’ve been thinking about that and I

I’ve been thinking about that and I

I’ve been thinking about that and I guess it’s really that the pursuit of an

guess it’s really that the pursuit of an

guess it’s really that the pursuit of an idea can feel so perfectly resonant with

idea can feel so perfectly resonant with

idea can feel so perfectly resonant with who we are that it drives us and gets us

who we are that it drives us and gets us

who we are that it drives us and gets us addicted to the ups and gives us stamina

addicted to the ups and gives us stamina

addicted to the ups and gives us stamina to whether the downs and along the way

to whether the downs and along the way

to whether the downs and along the way if we persist and prevail we not only

if we persist and prevail we not only

if we persist and prevail we not only confer benefits that outweigh the losses

confer benefits that outweigh the losses

confer benefits that outweigh the losses but well you might even get a chance to

but well you might even get a chance to

but well you might even get a chance to transcend thank

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