[Applause] so thanks for that introduction and in
so thanks for that introduction and in
so thanks for that introduction and in light of that one day a robot will
light of that one day a robot will
light of that one day a robot will perform surgery on you just let that
perform surgery on you just let that
perform surgery on you just let that sink in for a minute how does that make
sink in for a minute how does that make
sink in for a minute how does that make you feel how should it make you feel in
you feel how should it make you feel in
you feel how should it make you feel in fact there are people in this very room
fact there are people in this very room
fact there are people in this very room who have already had a robot perform
who have already had a robot perform
who have already had a robot perform surgery on them and don’t even know it
surgery on them and don’t even know it
surgery on them and don’t even know it it didn’t look like this though the
it didn’t look like this though the
it didn’t look like this though the robot that performed surgery on you
robot that performed surgery on you
robot that performed surgery on you didn’t look at all like this so let me
didn’t look at all like this so let me
didn’t look at all like this so let me give you an example so about a week ago
give you an example so about a week ago
give you an example so about a week ago I went to my annual eye exam this is me
I went to my annual eye exam this is me
I went to my annual eye exam this is me walking into the doctor’s office and I
walking into the doctor’s office and I
walking into the doctor’s office and I sat down in the doctor’s office and boom
sat down in the doctor’s office and boom
sat down in the doctor’s office and boom right in front of me was not one but
right in front of me was not one but
right in front of me was not one but three robots that looked like this now
three robots that looked like this now
three robots that looked like this now you might be thinking oh these don’t
you might be thinking oh these don’t
you might be thinking oh these don’t look like robots to me where’s the laser
look like robots to me where’s the laser
look like robots to me where’s the laser eyes or the Terminator looking head but
eyes or the Terminator looking head but
eyes or the Terminator looking head but I assure you these are robots
I assure you these are robots
I assure you these are robots inside of each of them is a brain that
inside of each of them is a brain that
inside of each of them is a brain that thinks our sensors that can see the
thinks our sensors that can see the
thinks our sensors that can see the world around them and our motors that
world around them and our motors that
world around them and our motors that can move parts of them around just like
can move parts of them around just like
can move parts of them around just like you or I move our hands and arms so
you or I move our hands and arms so
you or I move our hands and arms so these really actually are robots and so
these really actually are robots and so
these really actually are robots and so one of them actually you know scanned my
one of them actually you know scanned my
one of them actually you know scanned my eye and picked out the exact perfect
eye and picked out the exact perfect
eye and picked out the exact perfect glasses prescription for me and oh by
glasses prescription for me and oh by
glasses prescription for me and oh by the way these glasses when they got made
the way these glasses when they got made
the way these glasses when they got made they got made by yet another robot they
they got made by yet another robot they
they got made by yet another robot they ground them to the exact thickness and
ground them to the exact thickness and
ground them to the exact thickness and curvature for my eyes so there were a
curvature for my eyes so there were a
curvature for my eyes so there were a lot of robots involved here but let’s
lot of robots involved here but let’s
lot of robots involved here but let’s take it one step further so by show of
take it one step further so by show of
take it one step further so by show of hands how many people here today have
hands how many people here today have
hands how many people here today have had LASIK eye surgery so yeah I sees
had LASIK eye surgery so yeah I sees
had LASIK eye surgery so yeah I sees number of hands in the audience so there
number of hands in the audience so there
number of hands in the audience so there are forty million people worldwide who
are forty million people worldwide who
are forty million people worldwide who have had LASIK surgery and those of you
have had LASIK surgery and those of you
have had LASIK surgery and those of you who’ve had it you had a robot operate on
who’ve had it you had a robot operate on
who’ve had it you had a robot operate on you and it looked like this so again not
you and it looked like this so again not
you and it looked like this so again not what you picture as a robot but in
what you picture as a robot but in
what you picture as a robot but in side there our motors aiming a laser
side there our motors aiming a laser
side there our motors aiming a laser beam at your eye to cut parts of it out
beam at your eye to cut parts of it out
beam at your eye to cut parts of it out so that your eye will be reshaped so you
so that your eye will be reshaped so you
so that your eye will be reshaped so you can see better and so why is it that we
can see better and so why is it that we
can see better and so why is it that we want a robot involved in these kind of
want a robot involved in these kind of
want a robot involved in these kind of procedures well take a look at this this
procedures well take a look at this this
procedures well take a look at this this is a video of my wife’s eye and the
is a video of my wife’s eye and the
is a video of my wife’s eye and the first thing you notice is it moves
first thing you notice is it moves
first thing you notice is it moves around quite a bit and people are wide
around quite a bit and people are wide
around quite a bit and people are wide awake when they’re getting LASIK surgery
awake when they’re getting LASIK surgery
awake when they’re getting LASIK surgery so there’s no guarantee they’re not
so there’s no guarantee they’re not
so there’s no guarantee they’re not gonna look off to the side and do you
gonna look off to the side and do you
gonna look off to the side and do you really want a doctor holding the laser
really want a doctor holding the laser
really want a doctor holding the laser beam as that eye moves around I sure
beam as that eye moves around I sure
beam as that eye moves around I sure don’t I want a robot that can really
don’t I want a robot that can really
don’t I want a robot that can really fast and accurately track and compensate
fast and accurately track and compensate
fast and accurately track and compensate for that eye movement and get the cut in
for that eye movement and get the cut in
for that eye movement and get the cut in exactly the right place so this is not
exactly the right place so this is not
exactly the right place so this is not just an eye surgery this is a trend in
just an eye surgery this is a trend in
just an eye surgery this is a trend in all sorts of surgery this is the number
all sorts of surgery this is the number
all sorts of surgery this is the number of robots in surgery that are in human
of robots in surgery that are in human
of robots in surgery that are in human use today and you can see the dramatic
use today and you can see the dramatic
use today and you can see the dramatic upward rise in just the last couple of
upward rise in just the last couple of
upward rise in just the last couple of years and if we drill down to just one
years and if we drill down to just one
years and if we drill down to just one of those robots this is the da Vinci
of those robots this is the da Vinci
of those robots this is the da Vinci system from Intuitive Surgical and you
system from Intuitive Surgical and you
system from Intuitive Surgical and you can see that the same sort of dramatic
can see that the same sort of dramatic
can see that the same sort of dramatic upward tick and now it’s used on
upward tick and now it’s used on
upward tick and now it’s used on three-quarters of a million people per
three-quarters of a million people per
three-quarters of a million people per year so this is why I say a robot will
year so this is why I say a robot will
year so this is why I say a robot will one day be used if it hasn’t already
one day be used if it hasn’t already
one day be used if it hasn’t already been in your surgical procedure and I
been in your surgical procedure and I
been in your surgical procedure and I want to take a step back and ask why
want to take a step back and ask why
want to take a step back and ask why that is and so I’m going to show you a
that is and so I’m going to show you a
that is and so I’m going to show you a picture that’s a little graphic
picture that’s a little graphic
picture that’s a little graphic it’s what surgery looks like today when
it’s what surgery looks like today when
it’s what surgery looks like today when a robot is not used so if you’re
a robot is not used so if you’re
a robot is not used so if you’re sensitive to that just close your eyes
sensitive to that just close your eyes
sensitive to that just close your eyes for a second here’s what surgery looks
for a second here’s what surgery looks
for a second here’s what surgery looks like so when I look at this and I’ve
like so when I look at this and I’ve
like so when I look at this and I’ve observed many surgical procedures in the
observed many surgical procedures in the
observed many surgical procedures in the operating room the first thing I see is
operating room the first thing I see is
operating room the first thing I see is they’ve made a really big incision on
they’ve made a really big incision on
they’ve made a really big incision on the patient and why is it so big because
the patient and why is it so big because
the patient and why is it so big because they have to get something this big
they have to get something this big
they have to get something this big inside the person that’s the only reason
inside the person that’s the only reason
inside the person that’s the only reason they cut made that big of a cut on the
they cut made that big of a cut on the
they cut made that big of a cut on the patient they got to get their hand in
patient they got to get their hand in
patient they got to get their hand in there and then the other thing I noticed
there and then the other thing I noticed
there and then the other thing I noticed is that they spend the vast majority of
is that they spend the vast majority of
is that they spend the vast majority of their time in surgery just looking for
their time in surgery just looking for
their time in surgery just looking for what they’re trying to operate on
what they’re trying to operate on
what they’re trying to operate on where’s the organ I want to work on
where’s the organ I want to work on
where’s the organ I want to work on where’s the tumor inside that organ that
where’s the tumor inside that organ that
where’s the tumor inside that organ that consumes a lot of their time and robots
consumes a lot of their time and robots
consumes a lot of their time and robots can actually help with both of these
can actually help with both of these
can actually help with both of these jobs and make them a lot better so
jobs and make them a lot better so
jobs and make them a lot better so here’s the most popular robot on the
here’s the most popular robot on the
here’s the most popular robot on the market today this is the da Vinci system
market today this is the da Vinci system
market today this is the da Vinci system from intuitive in this system the doctor
from intuitive in this system the doctor
from intuitive in this system the doctor is sitting over on the left hand side
is sitting over on the left hand side
is sitting over on the left hand side your screen at a console remote
your screen at a console remote
your screen at a console remote controlling the robot that’s on the
controlling the robot that’s on the
controlling the robot that’s on the right hand side of your screen that’s
right hand side of your screen that’s
right hand side of your screen that’s over the patient and here’s what it
over the patient and here’s what it
over the patient and here’s what it looks like the doctors hands are on the
looks like the doctors hands are on the
looks like the doctors hands are on the bottom and then on the top are the robot
bottom and then on the top are the robot
bottom and then on the top are the robot hands and you can see that the robot
hands and you can see that the robot
hands and you can see that the robot hands are directly following whatever
hands are directly following whatever
hands are directly following whatever the doctor does so what’s the advantage
the doctor does so what’s the advantage
the doctor does so what’s the advantage of this well the robot hands are the
of this well the robot hands are the
of this well the robot hands are the size of a ballpoint pen instead of the
size of a ballpoint pen instead of the
size of a ballpoint pen instead of the size of my hand or arm and so you can
size of my hand or arm and so you can
size of my hand or arm and so you can get those into the patient through much
get those into the patient through much
get those into the patient through much smaller incisions so that’s a big win
smaller incisions so that’s a big win
smaller incisions so that’s a big win for the patient what are some of the
for the patient what are some of the
for the patient what are some of the drawbacks of the current generation of
drawbacks of the current generation of
drawbacks of the current generation of surgical robots
surgical robots
surgical robots well they require a lot of space inside
well they require a lot of space inside
well they require a lot of space inside the patient because they have these
the patient because they have these
the patient because they have these rigid tool shafts that have to pivot at
rigid tool shafts that have to pivot at
rigid tool shafts that have to pivot at the body wall so you need a lot of room
the body wall so you need a lot of room
the body wall so you need a lot of room to work in so what does that do well it
to work in so what does that do well it
to work in so what does that do well it limits them to areas of the body like
limits them to areas of the body like
limits them to areas of the body like the abdomen that can be inflated to
the abdomen that can be inflated to
the abdomen that can be inflated to create that space where can’t they go
create that space where can’t they go
create that space where can’t they go today
today
today areas like the brain you can’t really
areas like the brain you can’t really
areas like the brain you can’t really blow up the person’s head to create more
blow up the person’s head to create more
blow up the person’s head to create more space places like the lungs if you want
space places like the lungs if you want
space places like the lungs if you want to go down the throat there’s just not
to go down the throat there’s just not
to go down the throat there’s just not room for the tool to work or parts of
room for the tool to work or parts of
room for the tool to work or parts of the urologic system where the the
the urologic system where the the
the urologic system where the the structures are so small that those robot
structures are so small that those robot
structures are so small that those robot hands even can’t get in there so my team
hands even can’t get in there so my team
hands even can’t get in there so my team at Vanderbilt and I are working on
at Vanderbilt and I are working on
at Vanderbilt and I are working on building the next generation of surgical
building the next generation of surgical
building the next generation of surgical robots that will be able to reach some
robots that will be able to reach some
robots that will be able to reach some of these challenging spaces and where do
of these challenging spaces and where do
of these challenging spaces and where do we look for inspiration
we look for inspiration
we look for inspiration I mean how should we change that robot
I mean how should we change that robot
I mean how should we change that robot to make it better well we look at the
to make it better well we look at the
to make it better well we look at the world around us and we looked at
world around us and we looked at
world around us and we looked at something you might never have thought
something you might never have thought
something you might never have thought would be associated with surgery or even
would be associated with surgery or even
would be associated with surgery or even robots it was this so we watched
robots it was this so we watched
robots it was this so we watched elephants and how their trunks move and
elephants and how their trunks move and
elephants and how their trunks move and it’s fascinating right these things can
it’s fascinating right these things can
it’s fascinating right these things can bend and elongate in ways that your hand
bend and elongate in ways that your hand
bend and elongate in ways that your hand and arm could never do and the current
and arm could never do and the current
and arm could never do and the current generation of surgical robots could
generation of surgical robots could
generation of surgical robots could never hope to do and so we took that
never hope to do and so we took that
never hope to do and so we took that inspiration and we built something
inspiration and we built something
inspiration and we built something that’s much smaller that’s the size of a
that’s much smaller that’s the size of a
that’s much smaller that’s the size of a needle but it has that same ability to
needle but it has that same ability to
needle but it has that same ability to bend and elongate as it moves and just
bend and elongate as it moves and just
bend and elongate as it moves and just to give you an idea of how small it is
to give you an idea of how small it is
to give you an idea of how small it is this is our robot compared to the da
this is our robot compared to the da
this is our robot compared to the da Vinci robot and to really drive home how
Vinci robot and to really drive home how
Vinci robot and to really drive home how small it is this is our robot compared
small it is this is our robot compared
small it is this is our robot compared to a penny has a slightly different tip
to a penny has a slightly different tip
to a penny has a slightly different tip on it but you can see they’re really
on it but you can see they’re really
on it but you can see they’re really really small which is great for patients
really small which is great for patients
really small which is great for patients because they get into the body through
because they get into the body through
because they get into the body through very small openings so where can we use
very small openings so where can we use
very small openings so where can we use these in surgery
these in surgery
these in surgery well this is my friend Fabian Maldonado
well this is my friend Fabian Maldonado
well this is my friend Fabian Maldonado he’s a doctor at Vanderbilt and he
he’s a doctor at Vanderbilt and he
he’s a doctor at Vanderbilt and he spends his days taking care of lung
spends his days taking care of lung
spends his days taking care of lung cancer patients and he just gets so
cancer patients and he just gets so
cancer patients and he just gets so frustrated because the tools that he’s
frustrated because the tools that he’s
frustrated because the tools that he’s using
using
using don’t let him help many of the patients
don’t let him help many of the patients
don’t let him help many of the patients that he wishes he could help and why is
that he wishes he could help and why is
that he wishes he could help and why is that well the tool he uses mainly is
that well the tool he uses mainly is
that well the tool he uses mainly is called a bronchoscope and that’s what
called a bronchoscope and that’s what
called a bronchoscope and that’s what you see here and that goes down the
you see here and that goes down the
you see here and that goes down the throat and it can reach about 1/3 of the
throat and it can reach about 1/3 of the
throat and it can reach about 1/3 of the lung the green area here on the slide
lung the green area here on the slide
lung the green area here on the slide and but if the patient has a problem
and but if the patient has a problem
and but if the patient has a problem that’s in the outer edge of the lung
that’s in the outer edge of the lung
that’s in the outer edge of the lung this area the outer two-thirds he just
this area the outer two-thirds he just
this area the outer two-thirds he just can’t get there down the throat which is
can’t get there down the throat which is
can’t get there down the throat which is the least invasive way to get there and
the least invasive way to get there and
the least invasive way to get there and so a lot of patients he just has to send
so a lot of patients he just has to send
so a lot of patients he just has to send home and say well wait and we’ll see if
home and say well wait and we’ll see if
home and say well wait and we’ll see if your tumor grows well all the while
your tumor grows well all the while
your tumor grows well all the while their life expectancy is plummeting if
their life expectancy is plummeting if
their life expectancy is plummeting if their tumor does in fact grow so he has
their tumor does in fact grow so he has
their tumor does in fact grow so he has this dilemma and so he and I set out to
this dilemma and so he and I set out to
this dilemma and so he and I set out to build a better system to help these
build a better system to help these
build a better system to help these patients and this is what we came up
patients and this is what we came up
patients and this is what we came up with it’s a three stage system and it
with it’s a three stage system and it
with it’s a three stage system and it starts out with the bronchoscope just
starts out with the bronchoscope just
starts out with the bronchoscope just the standard one that he already uses
the standard one that he already uses
the standard one that he already uses and he puts that down the throat as far
and he puts that down the throat as far
and he puts that down the throat as far as he can go and then out of it he
as he can go and then out of it he
as he can go and then out of it he deploys this concentric tube robot that
deploys this concentric tube robot that
deploys this concentric tube robot that I told you about a minute ago and then
I told you about a minute ago and then
I told you about a minute ago and then the third stage which gets all the way
the third stage which gets all the way
the third stage which gets all the way to the target is a steerable needle so I
to the target is a steerable needle so I
to the target is a steerable needle so I haven’t told you about sterile needles
haven’t told you about sterile needles
haven’t told you about sterile needles how does that work well it’s based on
how does that work well it’s based on
how does that work well it’s based on the tip design it’s cut like a wedge so
the tip design it’s cut like a wedge so
the tip design it’s cut like a wedge so when you push this needle into tissue it
when you push this needle into tissue it
when you push this needle into tissue it just naturally wants to bend because of
just naturally wants to bend because of
just naturally wants to bend because of that wedge like tip and so if you can
that wedge like tip and so if you can
that wedge like tip and so if you can control both pushing and then spinning
control both pushing and then spinning
control both pushing and then spinning the back end of the needle you can
the back end of the needle you can
the back end of the needle you can rename the tip and get that needle to go
rename the tip and get that needle to go
rename the tip and get that needle to go wherever you want it to go inside the
wherever you want it to go inside the
wherever you want it to go inside the patient so how do we test a system like
patient so how do we test a system like
patient so how do we test a system like this well we actually put it into a CT
this well we actually put it into a CT
this well we actually put it into a CT scanner and then we put it inside of a
scanner and then we put it inside of a
scanner and then we put it inside of a pig lung and that’s what you see on the
pig lung and that’s what you see on the
pig lung and that’s what you see on the slide here and I’m about to show you a
slide here and I’m about to show you a
slide here and I’m about to show you a video following that robot all the way
video following that robot all the way
video following that robot all the way on its path from outside the lung all
on its path from outside the lung all
on its path from outside the lung all the way to the edge of the lung so this
the way to the edge of the lung so this
the way to the edge of the lung so this is what it looks like this is a CT image
is what it looks like this is a CT image
is what it looks like this is a CT image and you see first of all the Brawn to
and you see first of all the Brawn to
and you see first of all the Brawn to scoop coming through here and then
scoop coming through here and then
scoop coming through here and then pretty soon you’re gonna see the
pretty soon you’re gonna see the
pretty soon you’re gonna see the concentric tube robot pop out of it
concentric tube robot pop out of it
concentric tube robot pop out of it which is right about right there and
which is right about right there and
which is right about right there and then quickly followed by the steerable
then quickly followed by the steerable
then quickly followed by the steerable needle and the steerable needle gets out
needle and the steerable needle gets out
needle and the steerable needle gets out to the edge of the lung
to the edge of the lung
to the edge of the lung and we’ve been able to hit targets with
and we’ve been able to hit targets with
and we’ve been able to hit targets with an accuracy of about a millimeter and to
an accuracy of about a millimeter and to
an accuracy of about a millimeter and to give you an idea of how small that is
give you an idea of how small that is
give you an idea of how small that is the little dot that you see indicating
the little dot that you see indicating
the little dot that you see indicating the needle that’s about a millimeter
the needle that’s about a millimeter
the needle that’s about a millimeter wide so we’re doing really well here but
wide so we’re doing really well here but
wide so we’re doing really well here but then we started thinking what’s the next
then we started thinking what’s the next
then we started thinking what’s the next step you know what else could we do to
step you know what else could we do to
step you know what else could we do to help doctors with this kind of really
help doctors with this kind of really
help doctors with this kind of really cool technology and we thought well
cool technology and we thought well
cool technology and we thought well we’re only giving them one hand what if
we’re only giving them one hand what if
we’re only giving them one hand what if we could give them two hands and so I
we could give them two hands and so I
we could give them two hands and so I was talking with Duke Carol also a
was talking with Duke Carol also a
was talking with Duke Carol also a surgeon at Vanderbilt and we were
surgeon at Vanderbilt and we were
surgeon at Vanderbilt and we were talking about your logic surgery and
talking about your logic surgery and
talking about your logic surgery and doing rigid endoscope endoscope
doing rigid endoscope endoscope
doing rigid endoscope endoscope procedures and this is what a rigid
procedures and this is what a rigid
procedures and this is what a rigid endoscope looks like it has a straight
endoscope looks like it has a straight
endoscope looks like it has a straight shaft and then a camera at the tip and
shaft and then a camera at the tip and
shaft and then a camera at the tip and out the end of that endoscope you
out the end of that endoscope you
out the end of that endoscope you actually put a fiber-optic laser which
actually put a fiber-optic laser which
actually put a fiber-optic laser which is that blue thing that you see in the
is that blue thing that you see in the
is that blue thing that you see in the picture and then you use that to cut so
picture and then you use that to cut so
picture and then you use that to cut so what does this look like when they use
what does this look like when they use
what does this look like when they use it in surgery looks something like this
it in surgery looks something like this
it in surgery looks something like this if you look close you can see down
if you look close you can see down
if you look close you can see down toward the bottom of the image you can
toward the bottom of the image you can
toward the bottom of the image you can see the laser fiber and it’s firing to
see the laser fiber and it’s firing to
see the laser fiber and it’s firing to cut the tissue and you can see just how
cut the tissue and you can see just how
cut the tissue and you can see just how hard these procedures are incredibly
hard these procedures are incredibly
hard these procedures are incredibly challenging for the doctors because they
challenging for the doctors because they
challenging for the doctors because they have to do everything with one tool they
have to do everything with one tool they
have to do everything with one tool they have to tilt the thing that they’re
have to tilt the thing that they’re
have to tilt the thing that they’re actually using to look at the surgical
actually using to look at the surgical
actually using to look at the surgical field at the same time as they’re aiming
field at the same time as they’re aiming
field at the same time as they’re aiming the fiber-optic laser and doing these
the fiber-optic laser and doing these
the fiber-optic laser and doing these two things at once
two things at once
two things at once not to mention trying to pull the tissue
not to mention trying to pull the tissue
not to mention trying to pull the tissue into position for cutting is very very
into position for cutting is very very
into position for cutting is very very difficult and sometimes they’ll get lost
difficult and sometimes they’ll get lost
difficult and sometimes they’ll get lost and not even know am I in the right spot
and not even know am I in the right spot
and not even know am I in the right spot do I want to cut that or should I be
do I want to cut that or should I be
do I want to cut that or should I be over here so we built them this which is
over here so we built them this which is
over here so we built them this which is a robot that has two hands so it goes
a robot that has two hands so it goes
a robot that has two hands so it goes two of our robots have been pushed
two of our robots have been pushed
two of our robots have been pushed through the port in this existing
through the port in this existing
through the port in this existing endoscope one of them aims the laser
endoscope one of them aims the laser
endoscope one of them aims the laser fiber the other lets the doctor actually
fiber the other lets the doctor actually
fiber the other lets the doctor actually grab the tissue and pull it into
grab the tissue and pull it into
grab the tissue and pull it into position so what does this look like
position so what does this look like
position so what does this look like when used in surgery this is a model of
when used in surgery this is a model of
when used in surgery this is a model of a prostate and the doctors job is to cut
a prostate and the doctors job is to cut
a prostate and the doctors job is to cut out the bottom lobe and you can see is
out the bottom lobe and you can see is
out the bottom lobe and you can see is doing that here the really cool thing to
doing that here the really cool thing to
doing that here the really cool thing to notice is the image is not bouncing
notice is the image is not bouncing
notice is the image is not bouncing around at all so he can maintain a view
around at all so he can maintain a view
around at all so he can maintain a view of the whole surgical field while he’s
of the whole surgical field while he’s
of the whole surgical field while he’s working
working
working the other cool thing you notice is he’s
the other cool thing you notice is he’s
the other cool thing you notice is he’s got two hands and he’s about to do
got two hands and he’s about to do
got two hands and he’s about to do something he could never hope to do
something he could never hope to do
something he could never hope to do before which is pick up this chunk of
before which is pick up this chunk of
before which is pick up this chunk of tissue in both hands at once and then do
tissue in both hands at once and then do
tissue in both hands at once and then do a slam dunk back into the bladder right
a slam dunk back into the bladder right
a slam dunk back into the bladder right there so he was pretty proud of that one
there so he was pretty proud of that one
there so he was pretty proud of that one and that’s a very successful surgical
and that’s a very successful surgical
and that’s a very successful surgical procedure for this so I’ve told you now
procedure for this so I’ve told you now
procedure for this so I’ve told you now about two different kinds of surgery
about two different kinds of surgery
about two different kinds of surgery lung and prostate and I want to tell you
lung and prostate and I want to tell you
lung and prostate and I want to tell you just about one more example and this one
just about one more example and this one
just about one more example and this one is really important to me personally
is really important to me personally
is really important to me personally because it affected my family this is my
because it affected my family this is my
because it affected my family this is my father and he had a stroke and the kind
father and he had a stroke and the kind
father and he had a stroke and the kind of stroke that he had is where a blood
of stroke that he had is where a blood
of stroke that he had is where a blood vessel in the brain breaks open and just
vessel in the brain breaks open and just
vessel in the brain breaks open and just dumps blood into the brain and that
dumps blood into the brain and that
dumps blood into the brain and that blood can’t go anywhere so it starts
blood can’t go anywhere so it starts
blood can’t go anywhere so it starts compressing the brain tissue and cells
compressing the brain tissue and cells
compressing the brain tissue and cells start dying and so there’s unfortunately
start dying and so there’s unfortunately
start dying and so there’s unfortunately not much doctors can do about this my
not much doctors can do about this my
not much doctors can do about this my dad when he went into the hospital he
dad when he went into the hospital he
dad when he went into the hospital he had just a splitting headache like the
had just a splitting headache like the
had just a splitting headache like the worst headache by a factor of a hundred
worst headache by a factor of a hundred
worst headache by a factor of a hundred that he’d ever had in his life and they
that he’d ever had in his life and they
that he’d ever had in his life and they scanned him they did a CT scan they knew
scanned him they did a CT scan they knew
scanned him they did a CT scan they knew what he had they knew he had a
what he had they knew he had a
what he had they knew he had a hemorrhage and the only thing they could
hemorrhage and the only thing they could
hemorrhage and the only thing they could do for him was put him in a hospital bed
do for him was put him in a hospital bed
do for him was put him in a hospital bed and wait and see if he was going to get
and wait and see if he was going to get
and wait and see if he was going to get better and it turns out that half of the
better and it turns out that half of the
better and it turns out that half of the patients that have this die from it so
patients that have this die from it so
patients that have this die from it so there my dad is laying in a hospital bed
there my dad is laying in a hospital bed
there my dad is laying in a hospital bed and we don’t know if he’s gonna live or
and we don’t know if he’s gonna live or
and we don’t know if he’s gonna live or die and so there’s we thought there’s
die and so there’s we thought there’s
die and so there’s we thought there’s got to be a better way there’s got to be
got to be a better way there’s got to be
got to be a better way there’s got to be something that we could do and so my
something that we could do and so my
something that we could do and so my students and I a couple years ago
students and I a couple years ago
students and I a couple years ago thought well what if we could go into
thought well what if we could go into
thought well what if we could go into the brain through a needle and then
the brain through a needle and then
the brain through a needle and then deploy one of our tiny elephant trunk
deploy one of our tiny elephant trunk
deploy one of our tiny elephant trunk robots and actually vacuum out all of
robots and actually vacuum out all of
robots and actually vacuum out all of that blood so we can release the
that blood so we can release the
that blood so we can release the pressure and let those brain cells live
pressure and let those brain cells live
pressure and let those brain cells live and so we built a robot to do that and
and so we built a robot to do that and
and so we built a robot to do that and this is what it looks like here it’s
this is what it looks like here it’s
this is what it looks like here it’s suctioning out a model of a brain and
suctioning out a model of a brain and
suctioning out a model of a brain and we’ve sort of cut that model in half so
we’ve sort of cut that model in half so
we’ve sort of cut that model in half so you can see what’s going in saw on
you can see what’s going in saw on
you can see what’s going in saw on inside and it’s actually red jello that
inside and it’s actually red jello that
inside and it’s actually red jello that it’s it’s suctioning out here that’s a
it’s it’s suctioning out here that’s a
it’s it’s suctioning out here that’s a good model for a brain hemorrhage and
good model for a brain hemorrhage and
good model for a brain hemorrhage and you can see it got all of it so you know
you can see it got all of it so you know
you can see it got all of it so you know we think this has a ton of potential for
we think this has a ton of potential for
we think this has a ton of potential for the future for being able to help
the future for being able to help
the future for being able to help patients like my dad who have hemorrhage
patients like my dad who have hemorrhage
patients like my dad who have hemorrhage etic strokes okay so speaking of the
etic strokes okay so speaking of the
etic strokes okay so speaking of the future people often ask me well where is
future people often ask me well where is
future people often ask me well where is all of this going you’ve showed us all
all of this going you’ve showed us all
all of this going you’ve showed us all these cool robots like what’s going to
these cool robots like what’s going to
these cool robots like what’s going to happen in the future are these gonna
happen in the future are these gonna
happen in the future are these gonna replace doctors that’s often the first
replace doctors that’s often the first
replace doctors that’s often the first question that I get well the doctors go
question that I get well the doctors go
question that I get well the doctors go away and the robots take over the
away and the robots take over the
away and the robots take over the operating room my answer to that is
operating room my answer to that is
operating room my answer to that is absolutely not at least not any time
absolutely not at least not any time
absolutely not at least not any time very soon at all
very soon at all
very soon at all probably anytime in the lifetimes of
probably anytime in the lifetimes of
probably anytime in the lifetimes of everyone in this room I don’t think so
everyone in this room I don’t think so
everyone in this room I don’t think so and why is that well think back to my
and why is that well think back to my
and why is that well think back to my eye exam there’s still an eye doctor
eye exam there’s still an eye doctor
eye exam there’s still an eye doctor this is my eye doctor she’s still there
this is my eye doctor she’s still there
this is my eye doctor she’s still there and what did all those robots do when I
and what did all those robots do when I
and what did all those robots do when I went in for my eye exam well they were
went in for my eye exam well they were
went in for my eye exam well they were just tools to help her do her job better
just tools to help her do her job better
just tools to help her do her job better and better and better and that’s what
and better and better and that’s what
and better and better and that’s what robots in the operating room are going
robots in the operating room are going
robots in the operating room are going to be as tools to help doctors do their
to be as tools to help doctors do their
to be as tools to help doctors do their jobs better they’re not going to replace
jobs better they’re not going to replace
jobs better they’re not going to replace the doctors they’re just going to give
the doctors they’re just going to give
the doctors they’re just going to give the doctors better capabilities the
the doctors better capabilities the
the doctors better capabilities the other thing I wanted to point out is
other thing I wanted to point out is
other thing I wanted to point out is there’s a lot of people involved in each
there’s a lot of people involved in each
there’s a lot of people involved in each one of these projects that I’ve shown
one of these projects that I’ve shown
one of these projects that I’ve shown you this is a slide showing all of my
you this is a slide showing all of my
you this is a slide showing all of my doctor collaborators as well as
doctor collaborators as well as
doctor collaborators as well as engineers I work with and probably most
engineers I work with and probably most
engineers I work with and probably most importantly my students and postdocs who
importantly my students and postdocs who
importantly my students and postdocs who really do a lot of the work and the
really do a lot of the work and the
really do a lot of the work and the great thing about all these people is
great thing about all these people is
great thing about all these people is the engineers on this slide actually go
the engineers on this slide actually go
the engineers on this slide actually go into foreign territory and go into the
into foreign territory and go into the
into foreign territory and go into the operating room and watch what’s going on
operating room and watch what’s going on
operating room and watch what’s going on there and learn about the environment
there and learn about the environment
there and learn about the environment and see hands on how surgery gets done
and see hands on how surgery gets done
and see hands on how surgery gets done and that’s a real challenge for a lot of
and that’s a real challenge for a lot of
and that’s a real challenge for a lot of Engineers it’s completely foreign land
Engineers it’s completely foreign land
Engineers it’s completely foreign land equally foreign for the doctors is
equally foreign for the doctors is
equally foreign for the doctors is coming into my engineering lab where
coming into my engineering lab where
coming into my engineering lab where there’s all kinds of equipment they’ve
there’s all kinds of equipment they’ve
there’s all kinds of equipment they’ve never seen before and learning about
never seen before and learning about
never seen before and learning about what the technology can do and then all
what the technology can do and then all
what the technology can do and then all of that sets the stage for these sparks
of that sets the stage for these sparks
of that sets the stage for these sparks of inspiration and breakthroughs that
of inspiration and breakthroughs that
of inspiration and breakthroughs that can happen like when we marvel at how an
can happen like when we marvel at how an
can happen like when we marvel at how an elephant’s trunk works and so just to
elephant’s trunk works and so just to
elephant’s trunk works and so just to finish the story of my dad he survived
finish the story of my dad he survived
finish the story of my dad he survived he made a complete recovery he was one
he made a complete recovery he was one
he made a complete recovery he was one of the lucky ones and my parents
of the lucky ones and my parents
of the lucky ones and my parents actually today are celebrating their
actually today are celebrating their
actually today are celebrating their 43rd wedding anniversary and
43rd wedding anniversary and
43rd wedding anniversary and [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] I’m sure they appreciate that and they
I’m sure they appreciate that and they
I’m sure they appreciate that and they would have missed out on 16 of those if
would have missed out on 16 of those if
would have missed out on 16 of those if he had died from his brain hemorrhage
he had died from his brain hemorrhage
he had died from his brain hemorrhage right so how should you feel when a
right so how should you feel when a
right so how should you feel when a doctor says to you that they’re gonna
doctor says to you that they’re gonna
doctor says to you that they’re gonna use a robot as part of your surgical
use a robot as part of your surgical
use a robot as part of your surgical procedure you should be thrilled because
procedure you should be thrilled because
procedure you should be thrilled because that’s the best tool available to help
that’s the best tool available to help
that’s the best tool available to help you and what it can give you is more
you and what it can give you is more
you and what it can give you is more years of quality life like my dad had
years of quality life like my dad had
years of quality life like my dad had and most importantly more moments like
and most importantly more moments like
and most importantly more moments like this where he was able to hold his
this where he was able to hold his
this where he was able to hold his grandson for the first time thank you
grandson for the first time thank you
grandson for the first time thank you very much
”
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