hi everyone I’m so glad that we have such a vibrant audience tonight I’ve
such a vibrant audience tonight I’ve
such a vibrant audience tonight I’ve heard some great things backstage so I
heard some great things backstage so I
heard some great things backstage so I want to get to know this audience myself
want to get to know this audience myself
want to get to know this audience myself you know I think it’s really important
you know I think it’s really important
you know I think it’s really important for a presenter and her audience to know
for a presenter and her audience to know
for a presenter and her audience to know each other so let’s start with a few
each other so let’s start with a few
each other so let’s start with a few icebreaker questions I’ll ask you some
icebreaker questions I’ll ask you some
icebreaker questions I’ll ask you some stuff and you raise your hand when you’d
stuff and you raise your hand when you’d
stuff and you raise your hand when you’d like to answer all right so let’s start
like to answer all right so let’s start
like to answer all right so let’s start with something simple gentle let’s ease
with something simple gentle let’s ease
with something simple gentle let’s ease into it how many people have broken a
into it how many people have broken a
into it how many people have broken a law today okay we have a few daring
law today okay we have a few daring
law today okay we have a few daring individuals so let’s let’s think about
individuals so let’s let’s think about
individuals so let’s let’s think about this in terms of the theme of this event
this in terms of the theme of this event
this in terms of the theme of this event how many people well how many of you do
how many people well how many of you do
how many people well how many of you do you think will break the law in the next
you think will break the law in the next
you think will break the law in the next 10 years raise your hand if you think
10 years raise your hand if you think
10 years raise your hand if you think you will okay at least we have an honest
you will okay at least we have an honest
you will okay at least we have an honest crowd let’s put a number to this feeling
crowd let’s put a number to this feeling
crowd let’s put a number to this feeling how many times do you think you will
how many times do you think you will
how many times do you think you will break the law in the next 10 years okay
break the law in the next 10 years okay
break the law in the next 10 years okay I’ll say a few numbers and you raise
I’ll say a few numbers and you raise
I’ll say a few numbers and you raise your hand when it’s applicable you’ll
your hand when it’s applicable you’ll
your hand when it’s applicable you’ll break zero loss in the next ten years
break zero loss in the next ten years
break zero loss in the next ten years great I love that okay ten laws a
great I love that okay ten laws a
great I love that okay ten laws a hundred a thousand ten thousand more a
hundred a thousand ten thousand more a
hundred a thousand ten thousand more a huge number okay okay I see you okay all
huge number okay okay I see you okay all
huge number okay okay I see you okay all right
right
right well according to Harvey silver gate the
well according to Harvey silver gate the
well according to Harvey silver gate the average person will break three laws
average person will break three laws
average person will break three laws every single day which amounts to around
every single day which amounts to around
every single day which amounts to around eleven thousand laws per person over the
eleven thousand laws per person over the
eleven thousand laws per person over the next 10 years and that’s an astounding
next 10 years and that’s an astounding
next 10 years and that’s an astounding figure I mean most people didn’t even
figure I mean most people didn’t even
figure I mean most people didn’t even think they broke a lot today so that
think they broke a lot today so that
think they broke a lot today so that what what does that say about us I mean
what what does that say about us I mean
what what does that say about us I mean is it that we’re horrible people because
is it that we’re horrible people because
is it that we’re horrible people because then I’m really glad that I’m on stage a
then I’m really glad that I’m on stage a
then I’m really glad that I’m on stage a little bit safe and you guys can just
little bit safe and you guys can just
little bit safe and you guys can just like sort yourselves out but yeah he
like sort yourselves out but yeah he
like sort yourselves out but yeah he thinks it’s because that people just
thinks it’s because that people just
thinks it’s because that people just aren’t aware that these laws apply in
aren’t aware that these laws apply in
aren’t aware that these laws apply in this particular circumstance or that
this particular circumstance or that
this particular circumstance or that they’re unaware of why this rise
they’re unaware of why this rise
they’re unaware of why this rise relevant so that doesn’t say anything
relevant so that doesn’t say anything
relevant so that doesn’t say anything bad about us however there’s somebody
bad about us however there’s somebody
bad about us however there’s somebody else who has to follow the law and if
else who has to follow the law and if
else who has to follow the law and if this person follows the law it actually
this person follows the law it actually
this person follows the law it actually has a lot of impact on our lives
has a lot of impact on our lives
has a lot of impact on our lives can you think about who this person is
can you think about who this person is
can you think about who this person is feel free to shout it out hint hint
feel free to shout it out hint hint
feel free to shout it out hint hint this person follows international law
this person follows international law
this person follows international law anyone yep
anyone yep
anyone yep countries countries have to follow a lot
countries countries have to follow a lot
countries countries have to follow a lot they follow international law so how
they follow international law so how
they follow international law so how does the country how do countries
does the country how do countries
does the country how do countries compared to the average citizen do you
compared to the average citizen do you
compared to the average citizen do you think they follow more laws an equal
think they follow more laws an equal
think they follow more laws an equal amount or less raise your hand do you
amount or less raise your hand do you
amount or less raise your hand do you think they’ve break more laws than the
think they’ve break more laws than the
think they’ve break more laws than the average citizen
average citizen
average citizen okay well this audience has no faith in
okay well this audience has no faith in
okay well this audience has no faith in humanity that’s what we’ve established
humanity that’s what we’ve established
humanity that’s what we’ve established tonight how do you how many people think
tonight how do you how many people think
tonight how do you how many people think that they break an equal amount okay how
that they break an equal amount okay how
that they break an equal amount okay how many people think that countries are
many people think that countries are
many people think that countries are very law-abiding they do what they’re
very law-abiding they do what they’re
very law-abiding they do what they’re supposed to do they’re way better off
supposed to do they’re way better off
supposed to do they’re way better off than us okay we get a few more hand
than us okay we get a few more hand
than us okay we get a few more hand raised actually this minority crowd is
raised actually this minority crowd is
raised actually this minority crowd is the right one according to Louie hencken
the right one according to Louie hencken
the right one according to Louie hencken almost all nations observe almost all
almost all nations observe almost all
almost all nations observe almost all principles of international law and
principles of international law and
principles of international law and almost all of their political
almost all of their political
almost all of their political obligations almost all of the time so he
obligations almost all of the time so he
obligations almost all of the time so he actually suggests a really great future
actually suggests a really great future
actually suggests a really great future he’s saying that we’re living in a in
he’s saying that we’re living in a in
he’s saying that we’re living in a in the prime of when international law is
the prime of when international law is
the prime of when international law is abided by and there’s an amazing culture
abided by and there’s an amazing culture
abided by and there’s an amazing culture but when somebody says almost that much
but when somebody says almost that much
but when somebody says almost that much I think it raises a few flags because
I think it raises a few flags because
I think it raises a few flags because that implies said there are instances
that implies said there are instances
that implies said there are instances when laws are broken and as we know when
when laws are broken and as we know when
when laws are broken and as we know when countries break laws it’s not just one
countries break laws it’s not just one
countries break laws it’s not just one person that’s involved it’s entire
person that’s involved it’s entire
person that’s involved it’s entire nations
nations
nations it’s huge populations so the reality is
it’s huge populations so the reality is
it’s huge populations so the reality is is that countries break laws and they do
is that countries break laws and they do
is that countries break laws and they do so not because like us they don’t know
so not because like us they don’t know
so not because like us they don’t know laws apply
laws apply
laws apply I mean countries have lots of advisors
I mean countries have lots of advisors
I mean countries have lots of advisors at their disposal
at their disposal
at their disposal clearly they’re doing so intentionally
clearly they’re doing so intentionally
clearly they’re doing so intentionally countries break laws when it’s prudent
countries break laws when it’s prudent
countries break laws when it’s prudent and they follow them they break them
and they follow them they break them
and they follow them they break them whenever it’s convenient which is
whenever it’s convenient which is
whenever it’s convenient which is something that will weigh down on our
something that will weigh down on our
something that will weigh down on our future because in the next ten years
future because in the next ten years
future because in the next ten years we’re gonna be forced to cooperate as a
we’re gonna be forced to cooperate as a
we’re gonna be forced to cooperate as a species we’re gonna have to deal with
species we’re gonna have to deal with
species we’re gonna have to deal with issues like climate change
issues like climate change
issues like climate change technological advancement
technological advancement
technological advancement humanitarianism and these are not solved
humanitarianism and these are not solved
humanitarianism and these are not solved in isolation
in isolation
in isolation these are solved together as an
these are solved together as an
these are solved together as an international community and that can’t
international community and that can’t
international community and that can’t happen if we’re violating trust that
happen if we’re violating trust that
happen if we’re violating trust that can’t happen if we’re breaking
can’t happen if we’re breaking
can’t happen if we’re breaking international law whenever one feels
international law whenever one feels
international law whenever one feels it’s more convenient for the other and
it’s more convenient for the other and
it’s more convenient for the other and forcing everybody else into a horrible
forcing everybody else into a horrible
forcing everybody else into a horrible future so what do we do how do we choose
future so what do we do how do we choose
future so what do we do how do we choose to follow or not follow international
to follow or not follow international
to follow or not follow international law because these kind of things they
law because these kind of things they
law because these kind of things they happen far away from us we’re really far
happen far away from us we’re really far
happen far away from us we’re really far from these decisions when they’re made
from these decisions when they’re made
from these decisions when they’re made so what do we do I mean actually we’re
so what do we do I mean actually we’re
so what do we do I mean actually we’re not that far from these decisions raise
not that far from these decisions raise
not that far from these decisions raise your hand if you’ve read a newspaper
your hand if you’ve read a newspaper
your hand if you’ve read a newspaper headline in just as far as you can
headline in just as far as you can
headline in just as far as you can remember that reads something like blank
remember that reads something like blank
remember that reads something like blank blank country is in violation of blank
blank country is in violation of blank
blank country is in violation of blank convention or blank country is in
convention or blank country is in
convention or blank country is in violation of blank treaty blank country
violation of blank treaty blank country
violation of blank treaty blank country violates blank and turn ICJ ruling
violates blank and turn ICJ ruling
violates blank and turn ICJ ruling have you seen stuff like this before
have you seen stuff like this before
have you seen stuff like this before yeah we’ve all seen it and do you really
yeah we’ve all seen it and do you really
yeah we’ve all seen it and do you really own does anybody in this room think
own does anybody in this room think
own does anybody in this room think about why countries do those things do
about why countries do those things do
about why countries do those things do we think about the consequences this has
we think about the consequences this has
we think about the consequences this has for a future because our opinion matters
for a future because our opinion matters
for a future because our opinion matters our opinion shapes what the what our
our opinion shapes what the what our
our opinion shapes what the what our world leaders think about it shapes how
world leaders think about it shapes how
world leaders think about it shapes how we as a culture think about
we as a culture think about
we as a culture think about international law because the reality is
international law because the reality is
international law because the reality is is that we’re one of the few generations
is that we’re one of the few generations
is that we’re one of the few generations that have ever had to think about
that have ever had to think about
that have ever had to think about international law international law is
international law international law is
international law international law is very new and it’s but it’s very relevant
very new and it’s but it’s very relevant
very new and it’s but it’s very relevant to our future so today let’s think about
to our future so today let’s think about
to our future so today let’s think about international law let’s solve this
international law let’s solve this
international law let’s solve this problem let’s walk out all knowing how
problem let’s walk out all knowing how
problem let’s walk out all knowing how to read headlines and how to think about
to read headlines and how to think about
to read headlines and how to think about what our respective countries do so
what our respective countries do so
what our respective countries do so let’s think let’s let’s start with
let’s think let’s let’s start with
let’s think let’s let’s start with something chill it start with something
something chill it start with something
something chill it start with something easy something we’re all familiar with
easy something we’re all familiar with
easy something we’re all familiar with gratitude I want you to think about it
gratitude I want you to think about it
gratitude I want you to think about it who are you grateful for start listing
who are you grateful for start listing
who are you grateful for start listing it think your mom your dad your
it think your mom your dad your
it think your mom your dad your wonderful teachers you know lots of
wonderful teachers you know lots of
wonderful teachers you know lots of people we’re grateful for lots of people
people we’re grateful for lots of people
people we’re grateful for lots of people so when you’re making this list do you
so when you’re making this list do you
so when you’re making this list do you include your country in that list do you
include your country in that list do you
include your country in that list do you include your fellow countrymen your
include your fellow countrymen your
include your fellow countrymen your government do they make it onto your
government do they make it onto your
government do they make it onto your list raise your hand if yes okay yes
list raise your hand if yes okay yes
list raise your hand if yes okay yes that’s the response I was looking for
that’s the response I was looking for
that’s the response I was looking for don’t think about it but it’s actually
don’t think about it but it’s actually
don’t think about it but it’s actually not it’s it might be we should be
not it’s it might be we should be
not it’s it might be we should be thinking about this kind of stuff
thinking about this kind of stuff
thinking about this kind of stuff because actually Socrates we all know
because actually Socrates we all know
because actually Socrates we all know Greek philosopher when he was sentenced
Greek philosopher when he was sentenced
Greek philosopher when he was sentenced to death by a jury he chose to follow
to death by a jury he chose to follow
to death by a jury he chose to follow that ruling he chose to he chose to die
that ruling he chose to he chose to die
that ruling he chose to he chose to die because he said one of the reasons at
because he said one of the reasons at
because he said one of the reasons at least that he said was he’s grateful to
least that he said was he’s grateful to
least that he said was he’s grateful to his countrymen he owes it to them to do
his countrymen he owes it to them to do
his countrymen he owes it to them to do this but we don’t have those feelings
this but we don’t have those feelings
this but we don’t have those feelings should we should we have these feelings
should we should we have these feelings
should we should we have these feelings according to gratitude theory if you
according to gratitude theory if you
according to gratitude theory if you have benefited from someone then you or
have benefited from someone then you or
have benefited from someone then you or you should be grateful to them and
you should be grateful to them and
you should be grateful to them and because you are grateful you have an
because you are grateful you have an
because you are grateful you have an obligation to them and if you have an
obligation to them and if you have an
obligation to them and if you have an obligation to someone you should act in
obligation to someone you should act in
obligation to someone you should act in their interests you should not do
their interests you should not do
their interests you should not do anything that hurts them so if we apply
anything that hurts them so if we apply
anything that hurts them so if we apply this to international law if you as a
this to international law if you as a
this to international law if you as a person or if you as a country have
person or if you as a country have
person or if you as a country have benefited from international law then
benefited from international law then
benefited from international law then you have an obligation to service the
you have an obligation to service the
you have an obligation to service the international community you have an
international community you have an
international community you have an obligation to follow international law
obligation to follow international law
obligation to follow international law and keep to your word and help foster a
and keep to your word and help foster a
and keep to your word and help foster a productive environment but is is that
productive environment but is is that
productive environment but is is that the whole picture I mean is everybody in
the whole picture I mean is everybody in
the whole picture I mean is everybody in the crowd convinced everyone’s gonna go
the crowd convinced everyone’s gonna go
the crowd convinced everyone’s gonna go home be like yes I should be grateful
home be like yes I should be grateful
home be like yes I should be grateful I’m gonna follow every law there is on
I’m gonna follow every law there is on
I’m gonna follow every law there is on the planet no okay well I see that the
the planet no okay well I see that the
the planet no okay well I see that the audience is not convinced and for good
audience is not convinced and for good
audience is not convinced and for good reason because gratitude usually stems
reason because gratitude usually stems
reason because gratitude usually stems from sacrifice when someone sacrifice
from sacrifice when someone sacrifice
from sacrifice when someone sacrifice something for us that is when we feel
something for us that is when we feel
something for us that is when we feel grateful because we know that something
grateful because we know that something
grateful because we know that something has been given up for us to accomplish
has been given up for us to accomplish
has been given up for us to accomplish these things well the international
these things well the international
these things well the international community doesn’t necessarily make
community doesn’t necessarily make
community doesn’t necessarily make sacrifices for one specific country we
sacrifices for one specific country we
sacrifices for one specific country we don’t necessarily an entire nation
don’t necessarily an entire nation
don’t necessarily an entire nation cannot feel grateful so this theory
cannot feel grateful so this theory
cannot feel grateful so this theory actually fails to give us a good role
actually fails to give us a good role
actually fails to give us a good role model for the next 10 years but what it
model for the next 10 years but what it
model for the next 10 years but what it does do effectively is give us an
does do effectively is give us an
does do effectively is give us an emotional response it connects us
emotional response it connects us
emotional response it connects us emotionally to international law and
emotionally to international law and
emotionally to international law and makes it seem less distant more personal
makes it seem less distant more personal
makes it seem less distant more personal to us but where this theory leaves off
to us but where this theory leaves off
to us but where this theory leaves off others pick up we have another one this
others pick up we have another one this
others pick up we have another one this theory feels that what why do you think
theory feels that what why do you think
theory feels that what why do you think why do you think laws are created what
why do you think laws are created what
why do you think laws are created what is the purpose of laws is it a
is the purpose of laws is it a
is the purpose of laws is it a to feel to help humanity is it be fill
to feel to help humanity is it be fill
to feel to help humanity is it be fill in the options guys you’re creatives
in the options guys you’re creatives
in the options guys you’re creatives fill in these options it’s actually a
fill in these options it’s actually a
fill in these options it’s actually a it’s a most people think that countries
it’s a most people think that countries
it’s a most people think that countries countries create laws to benefit people
countries create laws to benefit people
countries create laws to benefit people right that’s when we think about the UN
right that’s when we think about the UN
right that’s when we think about the UN the UN is actually meeting right now we
the UN is actually meeting right now we
the UN is actually meeting right now we think that wow we’re making progress as
think that wow we’re making progress as
think that wow we’re making progress as humanity we’re accomplishing things and
humanity we’re accomplishing things and
humanity we’re accomplishing things and that’s that’s our hope and so and so
that’s that’s our hope and so and so
that’s that’s our hope and so and so some scholars argue that we should
some scholars argue that we should
some scholars argue that we should follow international law because this is
follow international law because this is
follow international law because this is an amazing goal we should help follow
an amazing goal we should help follow
an amazing goal we should help follow laws that help accomplish these goals
laws that help accomplish these goals
laws that help accomplish these goals and while this is the ideal version it’s
and while this is the ideal version it’s
and while this is the ideal version it’s not the reality the reality is is that
not the reality the reality is is that
not the reality the reality is is that international law is still largely
international law is still largely
international law is still largely dictated by more powerful wealthy
dictated by more powerful wealthy
dictated by more powerful wealthy countries and so international law and
countries and so international law and
countries and so international law and treaties favor certain states and not
treaties favor certain states and not
treaties favor certain states and not others other states have to compromise
others other states have to compromise
others other states have to compromise some of their agency in order to follow
some of their agency in order to follow
some of their agency in order to follow international law so this doesn’t
international law so this doesn’t
international law so this doesn’t actually explain why we should follow
actually explain why we should follow
actually explain why we should follow international life it’s not helping us
international life it’s not helping us
international life it’s not helping us but that’s okay but this theory does
but that’s okay but this theory does
but that’s okay but this theory does tell us is that we have to look to a
tell us is that we have to look to a
tell us is that we have to look to a role we have to look to a future we have
role we have to look to a future we have
role we have to look to a future we have to think about the models of why we are
to think about the models of why we are
to think about the models of why we are following international law it’s not as
following international law it’s not as
following international law it’s not as simple as what the lies accomplishing
simple as what the lies accomplishing
simple as what the lies accomplishing today it’s about what the law is telling
today it’s about what the law is telling
today it’s about what the law is telling us and what moral reactions we have to
us and what moral reactions we have to
us and what moral reactions we have to law in the future but we have one final
law in the future but we have one final
law in the future but we have one final theory that helps explain where this
theory that helps explain where this
theory that helps explain where this theory also leaves off um the third is
theory also leaves off um the third is
theory also leaves off um the third is no name I like to call it the
no name I like to call it the
no name I like to call it the cooperative theory to make myself feel
cooperative theory to make myself feel
cooperative theory to make myself feel better
better
better um but yeah what this theory states is
um but yeah what this theory states is
um but yeah what this theory states is that international law shouldn’t be
that international law shouldn’t be
that international law shouldn’t be followed for the merit of oh I’m
followed for the merit of oh I’m
followed for the merit of oh I’m following this law because this is what
following this law because this is what
following this law because this is what it’s accomplishing and this is the
it’s accomplishing and this is the
it’s accomplishing and this is the reasons as to what its resulting in no
reasons as to what its resulting in no
reasons as to what its resulting in no it argues that the whole point of
it argues that the whole point of
it argues that the whole point of international law the whole point of
international law the whole point of
international law the whole point of following international law is that it
following international law is that it
following international law is that it creates a culture of cooperation it
creates a culture of cooperation it
creates a culture of cooperation it creates a culture in which countries
creates a culture in which countries
creates a culture in which countries enter more multilateral instead of
enter more multilateral instead of
enter more multilateral instead of bilateral treaties it creates a culture
bilateral treaties it creates a culture
bilateral treaties it creates a culture in which countries are accountable for
in which countries are accountable for
in which countries are accountable for the laws they make because they will be
the laws they make because they will be
the laws they make because they will be required to upkeep them it creates a
required to upkeep them it creates a
required to upkeep them it creates a culture in which accountability
culture in which accountability
culture in which accountability increases and thereby creates a society
increases and thereby creates a society
increases and thereby creates a society in which our futures are better looked
in which our futures are better looked
in which our futures are better looked after
after
after so ultimately none of these theories
so ultimately none of these theories
so ultimately none of these theories actually help paint the whole picture
actually help paint the whole picture
actually help paint the whole picture and this is true because it’s called the
and this is true because it’s called the
and this is true because it’s called the problem of political obligation today
problem of political obligation today
problem of political obligation today the academic community doesn’t have a
the academic community doesn’t have a
the academic community doesn’t have a single answer for you and I as to why we
single answer for you and I as to why we
single answer for you and I as to why we should follow the law but still you and
should follow the law but still you and
should follow the law but still you and I do it we follow laws because we think
I do it we follow laws because we think
I do it we follow laws because we think there’s some merit to it right and this
there’s some merit to it right and this
there’s some merit to it right and this is the discussion we have to have with
is the discussion we have to have with
is the discussion we have to have with international law the answer isn’t out
international law the answer isn’t out
international law the answer isn’t out there for us it’s an answer that we have
there for us it’s an answer that we have
there for us it’s an answer that we have to develop individually because that’s
to develop individually because that’s
to develop individually because that’s just how it is
just how it is
just how it is we aren’t necessarily taught in school
we aren’t necessarily taught in school
we aren’t necessarily taught in school that you should follow law because of
that you should follow law because of
that you should follow law because of these in these theories we do it because
these in these theories we do it because
these in these theories we do it because it’s an organic feeling that develops
it’s an organic feeling that develops
it’s an organic feeling that develops it’s a culture we’ve decided on a
it’s a culture we’ve decided on a
it’s a culture we’ve decided on a society because we’ve had laws for all
society because we’ve had laws for all
society because we’ve had laws for all these years and that is the conversation
these years and that is the conversation
these years and that is the conversation we have to have today if we’re going to
we have to have today if we’re going to
we have to have today if we’re going to have a culture of international
have a culture of international
have a culture of international cooperation in the future so when
cooperation in the future so when
cooperation in the future so when everyone goes home and everyone sees a
everyone goes home and everyone sees a
everyone goes home and everyone sees a new headline set says blank person has
new headline set says blank person has
new headline set says blank person has violated international law think about
violated international law think about
violated international law think about not Oh what is this amounting to right
not Oh what is this amounting to right
not Oh what is this amounting to right now think about why they should have
now think about why they should have
now think about why they should have followed or not followed international
followed or not followed international
followed or not followed international law in the next ten years and what
law in the next ten years and what
law in the next ten years and what that’s gonna say for you and I thank you
that’s gonna say for you and I thank you
that’s gonna say for you and I thank you [Applause]
”
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