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Managing Meadows for Pollinators | Kristoffer Dramby | TEDxUMD


before I get started I’d love for

before I get started I’d love for everybody to just close your eyes relax

everybody to just close your eyes relax

everybody to just close your eyes relax take a deep breath now keep them closed

take a deep breath now keep them closed

take a deep breath now keep them closed for the remainder of this talk only

for the remainder of this talk only

for the remainder of this talk only because I just don’t want to know that

because I just don’t want to know that

because I just don’t want to know that you’re just staring at me the whole time

you’re just staring at me the whole time

you’re just staring at me the whole time but I would like open your eyes by the

but I would like open your eyes by the

but I would like open your eyes by the way I can’t see anything I would like to

way I can’t see anything I would like to

way I can’t see anything I would like to ask a question by a show of hands who

ask a question by a show of hands who

ask a question by a show of hands who likes to eat okay good it’s not

likes to eat okay good it’s not

likes to eat okay good it’s not surprising that everybody answer raises

surprising that everybody answer raises

surprising that everybody answer raises their hand because we need food we need

their hand because we need food we need

their hand because we need food we need food to sustain life in fact it’s not

food to sustain life in fact it’s not

food to sustain life in fact it’s not surprising that you’re driving down the

surprising that you’re driving down the

surprising that you’re driving down the roads and you see bumper stickers such

roads and you see bumper stickers such

roads and you see bumper stickers such as no farms no food it just makes sense

as no farms no food it just makes sense

as no farms no food it just makes sense and in fact our agricultural community

and in fact our agricultural community

and in fact our agricultural community is necessary for sustaining life now I’d

is necessary for sustaining life now I’d

is necessary for sustaining life now I’d like to start with a small short story

like to start with a small short story

like to start with a small short story an involute it involves farmer Joe a

an involute it involves farmer Joe a

an involute it involves farmer Joe a pitcher that my daughter drew drew for

pitcher that my daughter drew drew for

pitcher that my daughter drew drew for me so farmer Joe he is he’s concerned in

me so farmer Joe he is he’s concerned in

me so farmer Joe he is he’s concerned in fact I’d say he’s gravely concerned

fact I’d say he’s gravely concerned

fact I’d say he’s gravely concerned because the quality of his crops are

because the quality of his crops are

because the quality of his crops are going down and he’s fairly confident

going down and he’s fairly confident

going down and he’s fairly confident that this has to do with this global

that this has to do with this global

that this has to do with this global decline in pollinator species in fact he

decline in pollinator species in fact he

decline in pollinator species in fact he knows it to be true because of stories

knows it to be true because of stories

knows it to be true because of stories he’s heard from his father and his

he’s heard from his father and his

he’s heard from his father and his father’s father there’s kind of

father’s father there’s kind of

father’s father there’s kind of generational folklore stories that we

generational folklore stories that we

generational folklore stories that we know and come to love and he can’t

know and come to love and he can’t

know and come to love and he can’t recall the last time that he’s seen a

recall the last time that he’s seen a

recall the last time that he’s seen a honey bee or a wild bee or another

honey bee or a wild bee or another

honey bee or a wild bee or another pollinator but what he doesn’t know is

pollinator but what he doesn’t know is

pollinator but what he doesn’t know is solar farms are they impacting him at

solar farms are they impacting him at

solar farms are they impacting him at all he doesn’t know the answer that and

all he doesn’t know the answer that and

all he doesn’t know the answer that and he does not know exactly where he’s

he does not know exactly where he’s

he does not know exactly where he’s going to go from here but what he does

going to go from here but what he does

going to go from here but what he does think any questions is can they be part

think any questions is can they be part

think any questions is can they be part of the solution and help can they be

of the solution and help can they be

of the solution and help can they be part of the solution that’s the question

part of the solution that’s the question

part of the solution that’s the question at hand and that’s exactly what I want

at hand and that’s exactly what I want

at hand and that’s exactly what I want to talk to you about today and again my

to talk to you about today and again my

to talk to you about today and again my name is Chris Rambi when I was afforded

name is Chris Rambi when I was afforded

name is Chris Rambi when I was afforded this opportunity to come and speak today

this opportunity to come and speak today

this opportunity to come and speak today I was very excited because

I was very excited because

I was very excited because want to talk about the passion that I’ve

want to talk about the passion that I’ve

want to talk about the passion that I’ve been doing for the last nearly two

been doing for the last nearly two

been doing for the last nearly two decades tromping around in the woods

decades tromping around in the woods

decades tromping around in the woods studying wildlife looking at them in

studying wildlife looking at them in

studying wildlife looking at them in their own ecosystems and making

their own ecosystems and making

their own ecosystems and making solutions for people solar energy is a

solutions for people solar energy is a

solutions for people solar energy is a growing renewable clean energy that is

growing renewable clean energy that is

growing renewable clean energy that is growing at rapid pace basically we’re

growing at rapid pace basically we’re

growing at rapid pace basically we’re taking light from the Sun and creating

taking light from the Sun and creating

taking light from the Sun and creating this clean energy to the end-user in the

this clean energy to the end-user in the

this clean energy to the end-user in the form of electricity it hasn’t always

form of electricity it hasn’t always

form of electricity it hasn’t always been that way though if there’s a high

been that way though if there’s a high

been that way though if there’s a high visibility for solar at one point was

visibility for solar at one point was

visibility for solar at one point was during the Carter Administration if you

during the Carter Administration if you

during the Carter Administration if you recall where solar was put on top of the

recall where solar was put on top of the

recall where solar was put on top of the White House one would argue that equally

White House one would argue that equally

White House one would argue that equally visible was when it was removed by the

visible was when it was removed by the

visible was when it was removed by the Reagan administration setting up the

Reagan administration setting up the

Reagan administration setting up the controversy and discussions that we

controversy and discussions that we

controversy and discussions that we still have today in fact a small town of

still have today in fact a small town of

still have today in fact a small town of north carolina they banned solar farms

north carolina they banned solar farms

north carolina they banned solar farms all together because of the potential

all together because of the potential

all together because of the potential for this for the light to be robbed from

for this for the light to be robbed from

for this for the light to be robbed from the sun and us not to have the

the sun and us not to have the

the sun and us not to have the opportunity for life we know that that’s

opportunity for life we know that that’s

opportunity for life we know that that’s just not the case as scientists the

just not the case as scientists the

just not the case as scientists the evolution of solar has been up and down

evolution of solar has been up and down

evolution of solar has been up and down in the 80s and 90s we were plagued with

in the 80s and 90s we were plagued with

in the 80s and 90s we were plagued with high costs and long payoff returns but

high costs and long payoff returns but

high costs and long payoff returns but in the 90s things started to shift a

in the 90s things started to shift a

in the 90s things started to shift a little bit the energy market went to

little bit the energy market went to

little bit the energy market went to deregulations in some states and as a

deregulations in some states and as a

deregulations in some states and as a result that opened up opportunities for

result that opened up opportunities for

result that opened up opportunities for energy markets competition thus

energy markets competition thus

energy markets competition thus renewables things like solar but it was

renewables things like solar but it was

renewables things like solar but it was not until the mid 2000s 2006 time period

not until the mid 2000s 2006 time period

not until the mid 2000s 2006 time period with its investment tax credit which

with its investment tax credit which

with its investment tax credit which really spurred solar development driving

really spurred solar development driving

really spurred solar development driving down costs with the application of new

down costs with the application of new

down costs with the application of new technology solar is where we’re at today

technology solar is where we’re at today

technology solar is where we’re at today and they call it the perfect storm

and they call it the perfect storm

and they call it the perfect storm Maryland specifically is a smaller state

Maryland specifically is a smaller state

Maryland specifically is a smaller state in comparison to some of the much larger

in comparison to some of the much larger

in comparison to some of the much larger states like California 42nd and land

states like California 42nd and land

states like California 42nd and land area but it’s ranked 12th in solar power

area but it’s ranked 12th in solar power

area but it’s ranked 12th in solar power brick

brick

brick Buddha or 11th in solar megawatts but

Buddha or 11th in solar megawatts but

Buddha or 11th in solar megawatts but 5th in solar megawatts per square mile

5th in solar megawatts per square mile

5th in solar megawatts per square mile Maryland is very invested in solar and

Maryland is very invested in solar and

Maryland is very invested in solar and renewables and they have plans for

renewables and they have plans for

renewables and they have plans for additional solar throughout the state so

additional solar throughout the state so

additional solar throughout the state so reflecting back to farmer Joe of his

reflecting back to farmer Joe of his

reflecting back to farmer Joe of his problem of poor quality in his in his

problem of poor quality in his in his

problem of poor quality in his in his fruits suppose as of declining

fruits suppose as of declining

fruits suppose as of declining pollinator species are present now when

pollinator species are present now when

pollinator species are present now when we think about pollinators one thinks

we think about pollinators one thinks

we think about pollinators one thinks about bees wild bees domesticated bees

about bees wild bees domesticated bees

about bees wild bees domesticated bees but there’s many other wonderful

but there’s many other wonderful

but there’s many other wonderful organisms of pollinators things like

organisms of pollinators things like

organisms of pollinators things like butterflies and bats and birds many

butterflies and bats and birds many

butterflies and bats and birds many other wonderful creatures that help with

other wonderful creatures that help with

other wonderful creatures that help with our pollination system when we talk

our pollination system when we talk

our pollination system when we talk about pollinating we’re talking about

about pollinating we’re talking about

about pollinating we’re talking about taking the pollen from the male anther

taking the pollen from the male anther

taking the pollen from the male anther of the flower and depositing that in the

of the flower and depositing that in the

of the flower and depositing that in the stigma the female portion that’s just

stigma the female portion that’s just

stigma the female portion that’s just plant romance now after we have

plant romance now after we have

plant romance now after we have fertilization we get our vegetables in

fertilization we get our vegetables in

fertilization we get our vegetables in our fruits what would life be like

our fruits what would life be like

our fruits what would life be like without wonderful vivid red tomatoes to

without wonderful vivid red tomatoes to

without wonderful vivid red tomatoes to utilize tequila anyone without this

utilize tequila anyone without this

utilize tequila anyone without this wonderful relationship of bat and flower

wonderful relationship of bat and flower

wonderful relationship of bat and flower you wouldn’t be able to have margaritas

you wouldn’t be able to have margaritas

you wouldn’t be able to have margaritas or make poor choices at 3am at the local

or make poor choices at 3am at the local

or make poor choices at 3am at the local pub it just wouldn’t be possible

pub it just wouldn’t be possible

pub it just wouldn’t be possible blueberries I don’t know what life would

blueberries I don’t know what life would

blueberries I don’t know what life would be like without blueberries and these

be like without blueberries and these

be like without blueberries and these wonderful insects watermelons Maryland

wonderful insects watermelons Maryland

wonderful insects watermelons Maryland is rich in history as it relates to

is rich in history as it relates to

is rich in history as it relates to watermelons what happens if we did not

watermelons what happens if we did not

watermelons what happens if we did not have these wonderful species or this

have these wonderful species or this

have these wonderful species or this past Tuesday there would have been a lot

past Tuesday there would have been a lot

past Tuesday there would have been a lot of unhappy folks during Valentine’s Day

of unhappy folks during Valentine’s Day

of unhappy folks during Valentine’s Day if it wasn’t for these species here

if it wasn’t for these species here

if it wasn’t for these species here there would not be an opportunity for

there would not be an opportunity for

there would not be an opportunity for chocolate so this is at the very root of

chocolate so this is at the very root of

chocolate so this is at the very root of farmer Joe talking about quality of crop

farmer Joe talking about quality of crop

farmer Joe talking about quality of crop and as a result of the decline in

and as a result of the decline in

and as a result of the decline in pollinator species and available

pollinator species and available

pollinator species and available habitats we’re seeing this decline in

habitats we’re seeing this decline in

habitats we’re seeing this decline in our fruits and vegetables and that

our fruits and vegetables and that

our fruits and vegetables and that experienced and seen through these

experienced and seen through these

experienced and seen through these production of lack of production of seed

production of lack of production of seed

production of lack of production of seed and malformations in the fruits and

and malformations in the fruits and

and malformations in the fruits and vegetables which then talks about a

vegetables which then talks about a

vegetables which then talks about a dictates the quality and the taste it’s

dictates the quality and the taste it’s

dictates the quality and the taste it’s just not there so I want you to look at

just not there so I want you to look at

just not there so I want you to look at this and I want you to see this

this and I want you to see this

this and I want you to see this wonderful wonderful example of what our

wonderful wonderful example of what our

wonderful wonderful example of what our bees are doing what our wild ease and

bees are doing what our wild ease and

bees are doing what our wild ease and our domesticated beasts what they

our domesticated beasts what they

our domesticated beasts what they provide all these wonderful fruits and

provide all these wonderful fruits and

provide all these wonderful fruits and vegetables now I want you to think about

vegetables now I want you to think about

vegetables now I want you to think about this what happens if we removed them

this what happens if we removed them

this what happens if we removed them they were gone and off the system this

they were gone and off the system this

they were gone and off the system this is what we’ll see do I have your

is what we’ll see do I have your

is what we’ll see do I have your attention now the importance of these

attention now the importance of these

attention now the importance of these animals to the well-being of the human

animals to the well-being of the human

animals to the well-being of the human race and sustaining life is critical

there we go so you may ask why is this

there we go so you may ask why is this happening there’s a number of reasons

happening there’s a number of reasons

happening there’s a number of reasons why our pollinator species are declining

why our pollinator species are declining

why our pollinator species are declining the use the indiscriminate and

the use the indiscriminate and

the use the indiscriminate and inappropriate use of chemicals is one

inappropriate use of chemicals is one

inappropriate use of chemicals is one they are plaguing our pollinators

they are plaguing our pollinators

they are plaguing our pollinators species and declining populations

species and declining populations

species and declining populations rapidly diseases the varroa mite

rapidly diseases the varroa mite

rapidly diseases the varroa mite impacting our honeybee populations

impacting our honeybee populations

impacting our honeybee populations habitat loss and fragmentation the

habitat loss and fragmentation the

habitat loss and fragmentation the transition of land-use from optimal

transition of land-use from optimal

transition of land-use from optimal habitat conditions into less suitable

habitat conditions into less suitable

habitat conditions into less suitable conditions for a pollinator species

conditions for a pollinator species

conditions for a pollinator species large monocultures of intensely farmed

large monocultures of intensely farmed

large monocultures of intensely farmed areas and then invasive species as we

areas and then invasive species as we

areas and then invasive species as we change land uses and we have these

change land uses and we have these

change land uses and we have these shifts and community types there’s a

shifts and community types there’s a

shifts and community types there’s a more opportunity for invasive non-native

more opportunity for invasive non-native

more opportunity for invasive non-native species to come in which provide little

species to come in which provide little

species to come in which provide little to no food and habitat for these

to no food and habitat for these

to no food and habitat for these pollinators species what are we doing

pollinators species what are we doing

pollinators species what are we doing about it we’re right here at the

about it we’re right here at the

about it we’re right here at the University of Maryland itself dr. dennis

University of Maryland itself dr. dennis

University of Maryland itself dr. dennis van angle stewart who leads the honey

van angle stewart who leads the honey

van angle stewart who leads the honey bee research at the University of

bee research at the University of

bee research at the University of Maryland B lab they’re a major partner

Maryland B lab they’re a major partner

Maryland B lab they’re a major partner and founding member of the be informed

and founding member of the be informed

and founding member of the be informed partnership his lab conducts the largest

partnership his lab conducts the largest

partnership his lab conducts the largest and most comprehensive

and most comprehensive

and most comprehensive honey bee surveys in the world and

honey bee surveys in the world and

honey bee surveys in the world and fairly recently the US Fish and Wildlife

fairly recently the US Fish and Wildlife

fairly recently the US Fish and Wildlife Service just listed the rusty patch

Service just listed the rusty patch

Service just listed the rusty patch bumblebee because of declining habitat

bumblebee because of declining habitat

bumblebee because of declining habitat availability for them so what this means

availability for them so what this means

availability for them so what this means is it’s been added to the endangered

is it’s been added to the endangered

is it’s been added to the endangered species list and now afforded protection

species list and now afforded protection

species list and now afforded protection under the Endangered Species Act so

under the Endangered Species Act so

under the Endangered Species Act so we’ve now talked about this global

we’ve now talked about this global

we’ve now talked about this global decline in pollinator species we’ve

decline in pollinator species we’ve

decline in pollinator species we’ve talked about why the solar market just

talked about why the solar market just

talked about why the solar market just got so hot and one may say that these

got so hot and one may say that these

got so hot and one may say that these are competing issues completely separate

are competing issues completely separate

are competing issues completely separate but what happens if we reframe this and

but what happens if we reframe this and

but what happens if we reframe this and we say how can solar farms help

we say how can solar farms help

we say how can solar farms help pollinator species if we plant within

pollinator species if we plant within

pollinator species if we plant within these solar farms pollinator friendly

these solar farms pollinator friendly

these solar farms pollinator friendly landscapes and plantings right there

landscapes and plantings right there

landscapes and plantings right there we’d be cutting down on habitat loss and

we’d be cutting down on habitat loss and

we’d be cutting down on habitat loss and fragmentation and invasive species so

fragmentation and invasive species so

fragmentation and invasive species so right now when you see a solar farm you

right now when you see a solar farm you

right now when you see a solar farm you wonder why they put where they’re put

wonder why they put where they’re put

wonder why they put where they’re put well there’s many criteria that we look

well there’s many criteria that we look

well there’s many criteria that we look for but when we’re citing these

for but when we’re citing these

for but when we’re citing these oftentimes they’re flat landscapes they

oftentimes they’re flat landscapes they

oftentimes they’re flat landscapes they have no trees we want to make sure that

have no trees we want to make sure that

have no trees we want to make sure that they do not have any federally regulated

they do not have any federally regulated

they do not have any federally regulated waters of the u.s. or wetlands or rare

waters of the u.s. or wetlands or rare

waters of the u.s. or wetlands or rare threaten endangered species cultural

threaten endangered species cultural

threaten endangered species cultural resources and they need to be in close

resources and they need to be in close

resources and they need to be in close proximity to a substation so when you

proximity to a substation so when you

proximity to a substation so when you look at this picture you can understand

look at this picture you can understand

look at this picture you can understand that it fits in the landscape here in

that it fits in the landscape here in

that it fits in the landscape here in Maryland and throughout the mid-atlantic

Maryland and throughout the mid-atlantic

Maryland and throughout the mid-atlantic region so this is a picture of a solar

region so this is a picture of a solar

region so this is a picture of a solar farm that has been implemented and

farm that has been implemented and

farm that has been implemented and planted with a stabilization mixture of

planted with a stabilization mixture of

planted with a stabilization mixture of just grasses and seeds seeds that

just grasses and seeds seeds that

just grasses and seeds seeds that provide minimal habitat for pollinator

provide minimal habitat for pollinator

provide minimal habitat for pollinator species this is my question is can we do

species this is my question is can we do

species this is my question is can we do better can we push the envelope and

better can we push the envelope and

better can we push the envelope and plant pollinator friendly land

plant pollinator friendly land

plant pollinator friendly land gate that’s the question the answer is

gate that’s the question the answer is

gate that’s the question the answer is yes yes we can and we’re doing it we’re

yes yes we can and we’re doing it we’re

yes yes we can and we’re doing it we’re doing it in other countries we’re doing

doing it in other countries we’re doing

doing it in other countries we’re doing it here in the US but we need to be

it here in the US but we need to be

it here in the US but we need to be doing more of it beyond just the

doing more of it beyond just the

doing more of it beyond just the wonderful look and the aesthetics of

wonderful look and the aesthetics of

wonderful look and the aesthetics of these rich biodiverse meadows they

these rich biodiverse meadows they

these rich biodiverse meadows they provide optimal habitat conditions for

provide optimal habitat conditions for

provide optimal habitat conditions for our pollinator species they also provide

our pollinator species they also provide

our pollinator species they also provide opportunities for better water quality

opportunities for better water quality

opportunities for better water quality by having deeper root zones and root

by having deeper root zones and root

by having deeper root zones and root structures which helps infiltrate

structures which helps infiltrate

structures which helps infiltrate pollutants out before they hit our

pollutants out before they hit our

pollutants out before they hit our aquifers they provide soil stability and

aquifers they provide soil stability and

aquifers they provide soil stability and many other benefits you know this isn’t

many other benefits you know this isn’t

many other benefits you know this isn’t something that we haven’t done before

something that we haven’t done before

something that we haven’t done before we’ve been restoring meadows and

we’ve been restoring meadows and

we’ve been restoring meadows and creating upland habitat restoration

creating upland habitat restoration

creating upland habitat restoration projects for many many years but what we

projects for many many years but what we

projects for many many years but what we can do now is take this expertise gained

can do now is take this expertise gained

can do now is take this expertise gained over the last several years and apply

over the last several years and apply

over the last several years and apply that to a growing emerging technology in

that to a growing emerging technology in

that to a growing emerging technology in solar energy in fact in Minnesota right

solar energy in fact in Minnesota right

solar energy in fact in Minnesota right now they are the pioneers in pushing

now they are the pioneers in pushing

now they are the pioneers in pushing this through in that they have this

this through in that they have this

this through in that they have this habitat assessment form that in order to

habitat assessment form that in order to

habitat assessment form that in order to claim that your solar facility is

claim that your solar facility is

claim that your solar facility is pollinator friendly you have to achieve

pollinator friendly you have to achieve

pollinator friendly you have to achieve a score on this to claim that Paula near

a score on this to claim that Paula near

a score on this to claim that Paula near friendly criteria in Marilyn right now

friendly criteria in Marilyn right now

friendly criteria in Marilyn right now we’ve got stakeholders engaged and we’re

we’ve got stakeholders engaged and we’re

we’ve got stakeholders engaged and we’re working through the process so we can in

working through the process so we can in

working through the process so we can in fact have our own Maryland centric

fact have our own Maryland centric

fact have our own Maryland centric scorecards we can implement pollinator

scorecards we can implement pollinator

scorecards we can implement pollinator friendly landscapes and claim creation

friendly landscapes and claim creation

friendly landscapes and claim creation of such habitats so when you look at

of such habitats so when you look at

of such habitats so when you look at this picture here I want you to think

this picture here I want you to think

this picture here I want you to think that this is basically anywhere in the

that this is basically anywhere in the

that this is basically anywhere in the landscape in Maryland it could be from

landscape in Maryland it could be from

landscape in Maryland it could be from the blue ridge and the ridge and valley

the blue ridge and the ridge and valley

the blue ridge and the ridge and valley all the way to the coastal plain in

all the way to the coastal plain in

all the way to the coastal plain in every physiographic region in between

every physiographic region in between

every physiographic region in between and as we apply pollinator friendly

and as we apply pollinator friendly

and as we apply pollinator friendly plantings to these facilities there are

plantings to these facilities there are

plantings to these facilities there are a number of benefits that we can have

a number of benefits that we can have

a number of benefits that we can have first and foremost is a clean renewable

first and foremost is a clean renewable

first and foremost is a clean renewable energy secondly opportunities for native

energy secondly opportunities for native

energy secondly opportunities for native seed banks as we implement these

seed banks as we implement these

seed banks as we implement these pollinator friendly plantings into other

pollinator friendly plantings into other

pollinator friendly plantings into other programs throughout the landscape we’ll

programs throughout the landscape we’ll

programs throughout the landscape we’ll need a reserve of native seeds there’s

need a reserve of native seeds there’s

need a reserve of native seeds there’s opportunities for community gardens to

opportunities for community gardens to

opportunities for community gardens to come in with the craze and the growth of

come in with the craze and the growth of

come in with the craze and the growth of the farm-to-table concept I see

the farm-to-table concept I see

the farm-to-table concept I see community gardeners getting it close to

community gardeners getting it close to

community gardeners getting it close to proximity these solar facilities

proximity these solar facilities

proximity these solar facilities utilizing these newly planted pollinator

utilizing these newly planted pollinator

utilizing these newly planted pollinator friendly landscapes or what about the

friendly landscapes or what about the

friendly landscapes or what about the craft brew craze that is currently

craft brew craze that is currently

craft brew craze that is currently around the country you could have honey

around the country you could have honey

around the country you could have honey bringing colonies in close proximity to

bringing colonies in close proximity to

bringing colonies in close proximity to these solar farms supporting your local

these solar farms supporting your local

these solar farms supporting your local meter ease and restaurants but my

meter ease and restaurants but my

meter ease and restaurants but my favorite is what about the opportunities

favorite is what about the opportunities

favorite is what about the opportunities for living laboratories to bring our

for living laboratories to bring our

for living laboratories to bring our next generation of young engineers and

next generation of young engineers and

next generation of young engineers and scientists into an area to understand

scientists into an area to understand

scientists into an area to understand the overall sustainability of life and

the overall sustainability of life and

the overall sustainability of life and this brings me back everything comes

this brings me back everything comes

this brings me back everything comes back to farmer Joe and as we reflect and

back to farmer Joe and as we reflect and

back to farmer Joe and as we reflect and we say 10 solar farms help with his

we say 10 solar farms help with his

we say 10 solar farms help with his dilemma of pollinator declines and the

dilemma of pollinator declines and the

dilemma of pollinator declines and the answer is yes by implementing these

answer is yes by implementing these

answer is yes by implementing these pollinator friendly landscapes into our

pollinator friendly landscapes into our

pollinator friendly landscapes into our solar farms provides the opportunity for

solar farms provides the opportunity for

solar farms provides the opportunity for farmer Joe to not only have a clean

farmer Joe to not only have a clean

farmer Joe to not only have a clean renewable form of energy but he will

renewable form of energy but he will

renewable form of energy but he will allow us to have a clean local source of

allow us to have a clean local source of

allow us to have a clean local source of food that’s a win-win for farmer Joe for

food that’s a win-win for farmer Joe for

food that’s a win-win for farmer Joe for us for the pollinators and for the

us for the pollinators and for the

us for the pollinators and for the environment thank you very much

environment thank you very much

environment thank you very much [Applause]

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