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Keeping Communications Alive When You’re Dead | Paula Kiel | TEDxRoyalCentralSchool


I have a four year old son and sadly he

I have a four year old son and sadly he didn’t really get to meet any of my

didn’t really get to meet any of my

didn’t really get to meet any of my grandparents and I wonder what would it

grandparents and I wonder what would it

grandparents and I wonder what would it be like when he grows up if instead of

be like when he grows up if instead of

be like when he grows up if instead of telling him about my grandmother

telling him about my grandmother

telling him about my grandmother I could actually introduce him to some

I could actually introduce him to some

I could actually introduce him to some digital version of her what if we were

digital version of her what if we were

digital version of her what if we were to find out that she left messages for

to find out that she left messages for

to find out that she left messages for him to be emailed to him on each of his

him to be emailed to him on each of his

him to be emailed to him on each of his birthdays until he turns 50 sharing with

birthdays until he turns 50 sharing with

birthdays until he turns 50 sharing with him her insight about life love

him her insight about life love

him her insight about life love happiness what impact would that have on

happiness what impact would that have on

happiness what impact would that have on our family

our family

our family very interesting possibilities but I

very interesting possibilities but I

very interesting possibilities but I want to start with reminding us how old

want to start with reminding us how old

want to start with reminding us how old such concerns and fantasies actually are

such concerns and fantasies actually are

such concerns and fantasies actually are those centered on communication

those centered on communication

those centered on communication technologies have been associated with

technologies have been associated with

technologies have been associated with death and this is due to how each

death and this is due to how each

death and this is due to how each community each technology for

community each technology for

community each technology for communication that emerged such as

communication that emerged such as

communication that emerged such as photography Telegraph radio has

photography Telegraph radio has

photography Telegraph radio has repeatedly triggered our ways of being

repeatedly triggered our ways of being

repeatedly triggered our ways of being present and being absent in so doing

present and being absent in so doing

present and being absent in so doing they’ve also contributed to how we

they’ve also contributed to how we

they’ve also contributed to how we negotiate our relationship with death

negotiate our relationship with death

negotiate our relationship with death and the dead and that’s because our

and the dead and that’s because our

and the dead and that’s because our relationship with death and the dead is

relationship with death and the dead is

relationship with death and the dead is so closely linked to notice of presence

so closely linked to notice of presence

so closely linked to notice of presence and absence think about photography as

and absence think about photography as

and absence think about photography as so many scholars have discussed

so many scholars have discussed

so many scholars have discussed photography has been associated with

photography has been associated with

photography has been associated with death since its inception this is mainly

death since its inception this is mainly

death since its inception this is mainly due to that stillness that characterizes

due to that stillness that characterizes

due to that stillness that characterizes it a person appearing on a photograph is

it a person appearing on a photograph is

it a person appearing on a photograph is eternally motionless and soundless

eternally motionless and soundless

eternally motionless and soundless that’s infusing all photographs with

that’s infusing all photographs with

that’s infusing all photographs with connotations of death

connotations of death

connotations of death now these connotations of death are also

now these connotations of death are also

now these connotations of death are also related to the very essence of the

related to the very essence of the

related to the very essence of the photograph because think about what

photograph because think about what

photograph because think about what photography does photography freezes a

photography does photography freezes a

photography does photography freezes a fleeting moment in time it makes it

fleeting moment in time it makes it

fleeting moment in time it makes it eternal thus making it both present and

eternal thus making it both present and

eternal thus making it both present and absent at once this very CUTE photograph

absent at once this very CUTE photograph

absent at once this very CUTE photograph of me blowing out the candles at my

of me blowing out the candles at my

of me blowing out the candles at my fourth birthday party only exists

fourth birthday party only exists

fourth birthday party only exists because I was actually there blowing out

because I was actually there blowing out

because I was actually there blowing out those candles and someone was there with

those candles and someone was there with

those candles and someone was there with me to take that photograph but at that

me to take that photograph but at that

me to take that photograph but at that very instance as soon as that photograph

very instance as soon as that photograph

very instance as soon as that photograph was taken that moment has ceased to

was taken that moment has ceased to

was taken that moment has ceased to exist and so this photograph today is an

exist and so this photograph today is an

exist and so this photograph today is an indication both of the

indication both of the

indication both of the actual existence and life and presence

actual existence and life and presence

actual existence and life and presence of that moment as well as disappearance

of that moment as well as disappearance

of that moment as well as disappearance and its death and in fact early

and its death and in fact early

and its death and in fact early practices of photography were dedicated

practices of photography were dedicated

practices of photography were dedicated to memento mori photography is it the

to memento mori photography is it the

to memento mori photography is it the photographing of individuals at their

photographing of individuals at their

photographing of individuals at their deathbed and for many that occasion was

deathbed and for many that occasion was

deathbed and for many that occasion was the first and less photographed they had

the first and less photographed they had

the first and less photographed they had taken of them so each new technology for

taken of them so each new technology for

taken of them so each new technology for communication has repeatedly triggered

communication has repeatedly triggered

communication has repeatedly triggered our ways of being present and being

our ways of being present and being

our ways of being present and being absent and with the emergence of

absent and with the emergence of

absent and with the emergence of electronic media they also have

electronic media they also have

electronic media they also have repeatedly triggered fantasies and

repeatedly triggered fantasies and

repeatedly triggered fantasies and anxieties about the presence of the dead

anxieties about the presence of the dead

anxieties about the presence of the dead in our lives and our possibility to

in our lives and our possibility to

in our lives and our possibility to communicate with them and the Telegraph

communicate with them and the Telegraph

communicate with them and the Telegraph makes a really interesting example for

makes a really interesting example for

makes a really interesting example for that first using 1844 the Telegraph was

that first using 1844 the Telegraph was

that first using 1844 the Telegraph was the first electronic medium to enable

the first electronic medium to enable

the first electronic medium to enable instant communication at a distance can

instant communication at a distance can

instant communication at a distance can you imagine just as we are today

you imagine just as we are today

you imagine just as we are today enchanted by smartphones and tablets and

enchanted by smartphones and tablets and

enchanted by smartphones and tablets and the internet people in the late 19th

the internet people in the late 19th

the internet people in the late 19th century were enchanted by this new

century were enchanted by this new

century were enchanted by this new technology but for the first time in the

technology but for the first time in the

technology but for the first time in the history of humanity enabled to get

history of humanity enabled to get

history of humanity enabled to get instant input about the thoughts ideas

instant input about the thoughts ideas

instant input about the thoughts ideas experiences of someone who was

experiences of someone who was

experiences of someone who was completely physically absent someone who

completely physically absent someone who

completely physically absent someone who was far far away for the first time

was far far away for the first time

was far far away for the first time – distant minds could communicate

– distant minds could communicate

– distant minds could communicate instantly at a distance now as

instantly at a distance now as

instantly at a distance now as historians have shown this idea this

historians have shown this idea this

historians have shown this idea this possibility to communicate at a distance

possibility to communicate at a distance

possibility to communicate at a distance was a historical inspiration to the

was a historical inspiration to the

was a historical inspiration to the movement of modern spiritualism which

movement of modern spiritualism which

movement of modern spiritualism which emerged at around the same time

emerged at around the same time

emerged at around the same time spiritualist for drawing a parallel

spiritualist for drawing a parallel

spiritualist for drawing a parallel between the technology and the logic

between the technology and the logic

between the technology and the logic behind the Telegraph so gesture the

behind the Telegraph so gesture the

behind the Telegraph so gesture the Telegraph could provide a channel to

Telegraph could provide a channel to

Telegraph could provide a channel to communicate with the absent minds of

communicate with the absent minds of

communicate with the absent minds of those living spiritualist believed that

those living spiritualist believed that

those living spiritualist believed that spiritualist mediums could provide a

spiritualist mediums could provide a

spiritualist mediums could provide a channel to instantly communicate with

channel to instantly communicate with

channel to instantly communicate with the mind the absent minds of those

the mind the absent minds of those

the mind the absent minds of those deceased and many scientists were

deceased and many scientists were

deceased and many scientists were inspired both by the technology of the

inspired both by the technology of the

inspired both by the technology of the Telegraph as well as my spiritual

Telegraph as well as my spiritual

Telegraph as well as my spiritual disbelief joined modern spiritualism and

disbelief joined modern spiritualism and

disbelief joined modern spiritualism and tried to build the machine that would

tried to build the machine that would

tried to build the machine that would enable to communicate with the world of

enable to communicate with the world of

enable to communicate with the world of the dead now later electronic media as

the dead now later electronic media as

the dead now later electronic media as well have again challenged and and

well have again challenged and and

well have again challenged and and facilitated additional ways for being

facilitated additional ways for being

facilitated additional ways for being present

present

present and absent and have also triggered their

and absent and have also triggered their

and absent and have also triggered their own versions of such fantasies and

own versions of such fantasies and

own versions of such fantasies and anxieties about communicating with the

anxieties about communicating with the

anxieties about communicating with the dead with the technology of the time and

dead with the technology of the time and

dead with the technology of the time and digital media make no exception so with

digital media make no exception so with

digital media make no exception so with digital media we’ve also established

digital media we’ve also established

digital media we’ve also established additional ways of being present and

additional ways of being present and

additional ways of being present and being absent and in recent years there

being absent and in recent years there

being absent and in recent years there is growing interest both academically

is growing interest both academically

is growing interest both academically and popular growing interest in how

and popular growing interest in how

and popular growing interest in how digital media is being incorporated by

digital media is being incorporated by

digital media is being incorporated by individuals in their relationship with

individuals in their relationship with

individuals in their relationship with death and the dead and the possibility

death and the dead and the possibility

death and the dead and the possibility that we could use digital media to

that we could use digital media to

that we could use digital media to interact with deceased loved ones has

interact with deceased loved ones has

interact with deceased loved ones has inspired our collective imagination and

inspired our collective imagination and

inspired our collective imagination and this is best seen in popular TV dramas

this is best seen in popular TV dramas

this is best seen in popular TV dramas and big-budget movies that we’ve all

and big-budget movies that we’ve all

and big-budget movies that we’ve all seen that have brought this idea to life

seen that have brought this idea to life

seen that have brought this idea to life for example a famous movie from 2014

for example a famous movie from 2014

for example a famous movie from 2014 depicts a scientist who researchers are

depicts a scientist who researchers are

depicts a scientist who researchers are researchers artificial intelligence

researchers artificial intelligence

researchers artificial intelligence sadly he’s poisoned

sadly he’s poisoned

sadly he’s poisoned so naturally his colleagues upload his

so naturally his colleagues upload his

so naturally his colleagues upload his mind onto a computer and then after he

mind onto a computer and then after he

mind onto a computer and then after he dies they are able to bring him back to

dies they are able to bring him back to

dies they are able to bring him back to life digitally I won’t tell you how it

life digitally I won’t tell you how it

life digitally I won’t tell you how it ends but it is a dystopian science

ends but it is a dystopian science

ends but it is a dystopian science fiction movie so we can imagine that

fiction movie so we can imagine that

fiction movie so we can imagine that things go very very wrong now what if I

things go very very wrong now what if I

things go very very wrong now what if I told you that this technology already

told you that this technology already

told you that this technology already exists what if I told you that when you

exists what if I told you that when you

exists what if I told you that when you go home today you actually can start

go home today you actually can start

go home today you actually can start uploading your mind onto a computer and

uploading your mind onto a computer and

uploading your mind onto a computer and start planning how you want to be

start planning how you want to be

start planning how you want to be present online and active online after

present online and active online after

present online and active online after you die so this unease of refilling that

you die so this unease of refilling that

you die so this unease of refilling that some of the sounds that I’m hearing is

some of the sounds that I’m hearing is

some of the sounds that I’m hearing is why although science fiction is

why although science fiction is

why although science fiction is important and useful in inspiring us and

important and useful in inspiring us and

important and useful in inspiring us and in gaining an entry point to the popular

in gaining an entry point to the popular

in gaining an entry point to the popular imagination we also need social science

imagination we also need social science

imagination we also need social science because the thing is the technology in

because the thing is the technology in

because the thing is the technology in real life is hardly ever all wonderful

real life is hardly ever all wonderful

real life is hardly ever all wonderful or all terrible and as social scientists

or all terrible and as social scientists

or all terrible and as social scientists have shown we know that technology is

have shown we know that technology is

have shown we know that technology is not something that happens to a society

not something that happens to a society

not something that happens to a society but something that is constructed within

but something that is constructed within

but something that is constructed within it and technological innovation is

it and technological innovation is

it and technological innovation is shaped both by science and society and

shaped both by science and society and

shaped both by science and society and therefore we carry the values ideas and

therefore we carry the values ideas and

therefore we carry the values ideas and ideologies of the

ideologies of the

ideologies of the so with social science we’d be able to

so with social science we’d be able to

so with social science we’d be able to grasp the nuanced and exciting variety

grasp the nuanced and exciting variety

grasp the nuanced and exciting variety of the technologies actually out there

of the technologies actually out there

of the technologies actually out there and to gain an understanding of how

and to gain an understanding of how

and to gain an understanding of how individuals are actually using and

individuals are actually using and

individuals are actually using and experiencing these technologies so now

experiencing these technologies so now

experiencing these technologies so now it’s probably a good time to give you a

it’s probably a good time to give you a

it’s probably a good time to give you a few examples so just to make sure you’re

few examples so just to make sure you’re

few examples so just to make sure you’re not affiliated with any of the websites

not affiliated with any of the websites

not affiliated with any of the websites these are some of the websites that I’m

these are some of the websites that I’m

these are some of the websites that I’m researching and they offer different

researching and they offer different

researching and they offer different ways and different services throughout

ways and different services throughout

ways and different services throughout for her for planning your online

for her for planning your online

for her for planning your online postmortem presence for instance life

postmortem presence for instance life

postmortem presence for instance life not is a very interesting platform that

not is a very interesting platform that

not is a very interesting platform that uses artificial intelligence they

uses artificial intelligence they

uses artificial intelligence they experiment with and explore the

experiment with and explore the

experiment with and explore the possibility of uploading your mind onto

possibility of uploading your mind onto

possibility of uploading your mind onto a computer so once you go on the life

a computer so once you go on the life

a computer so once you go on the life not website you open a profile and then

not website you open a profile and then

not website you open a profile and then you can start working on what they call

you can start working on what they call

you can start working on what they call a mind file and then they create a

a mind file and then they create a

a mind file and then they create a digital version of you which is kind of

digital version of you which is kind of

digital version of you which is kind of like a chatbot and then the more

like a chatbot and then the more

like a chatbot and then the more information you give to it and the more

information you give to it and the more

information you give to it and the more you train that chatbot with examples to

you train that chatbot with examples to

you train that chatbot with examples to his answers that you might give to

his answers that you might give to

his answers that you might give to questions the better will it represent

questions the better will it represent

questions the better will it represent the likeness of you and then interact on

the likeness of you and then interact on

the likeness of you and then interact on your behalf now or in perpetuity another

your behalf now or in perpetuity another

your behalf now or in perpetuity another kind of service is services that are

kind of service is services that are

kind of service is services that are based on pre creating messages either

based on pre creating messages either

based on pre creating messages either using photo or text or video and then

using photo or text or video and then

using photo or text or video and then scheduling a time after your death in

scheduling a time after your death in

scheduling a time after your death in which you would like this message to be

which you would like this message to be

which you would like this message to be sent to specific recipients so if

sent to specific recipients so if

sent to specific recipients so if there’s a special occasion that is

there’s a special occasion that is

there’s a special occasion that is important to you into the other person

important to you into the other person

important to you into the other person like a birthday or some other event so

like a birthday or some other event so

like a birthday or some other event so that social for instance is such a

that social for instance is such a

that social for instance is such a service and that social enables you to

service and that social enables you to

service and that social enables you to create messages there are later posted

create messages there are later posted

create messages there are later posted to Facebook profiles and Twitter

to Facebook profiles and Twitter

to Facebook profiles and Twitter accounts of people that you specify so

accounts of people that you specify so

accounts of people that you specify so if you have this really funny photograph

if you have this really funny photograph

if you have this really funny photograph of you and a friend then you can choose

of you and a friend then you can choose

of you and a friend then you can choose a date in which you want to send this

a date in which you want to send this

a date in which you want to send this photograph to your friends Facebook and

photograph to your friends Facebook and

photograph to your friends Facebook and then maybe on her birthday at some point

then maybe on her birthday at some point

then maybe on her birthday at some point after your die she will get that

after your die she will get that

after your die she will get that photograph and remember how special that

photograph and remember how special that

photograph and remember how special that moment that you shared was now speaking

moment that you shared was now speaking

moment that you shared was now speaking to one of the participants in my

to one of the participants in my

to one of the participants in my research he used one of these services

research he used one of these services

research he used one of these services and he created several messages video

and he created several messages video

and he created several messages video messages for his loved ones and I asked

messages for his loved ones and I asked

messages for his loved ones and I asked him about that experience

him about that experience

him about that experience and he said that that moment of creating

and he said that that moment of creating

and he said that that moment of creating those messages was really intense

those messages was really intense

those messages was really intense positive and meaningful experience

positive and meaningful experience

positive and meaningful experience he said that moment after you’ve decided

he said that moment after you’ve decided

he said that moment after you’ve decided who you want to leave messages do and

who you want to leave messages do and

who you want to leave messages do and after you’ve considered your every

after you’ve considered your every

after you’ve considered your every single word and you chose the right time

single word and you chose the right time

single word and you chose the right time of day and you chose the room in which

of day and you chose the room in which

of day and you chose the room in which it freaked up feel comfortable to do it

it freaked up feel comfortable to do it

it freaked up feel comfortable to do it and then you sit down and and you say

and then you sit down and and you say

and then you sit down and and you say all those things was such a unique and

all those things was such a unique and

all those things was such a unique and special experience and moreover he said

special experience and moreover he said

special experience and moreover he said recording those messages had an impact

recording those messages had an impact

recording those messages had an impact on his relationship with those people

on his relationship with those people

on his relationship with those people afterwards so he felt that he was seeing

afterwards so he felt that he was seeing

afterwards so he felt that he was seeing people in a different light and this was

people in a different light and this was

people in a different light and this was very interesting and very inspiring to

very interesting and very inspiring to

very interesting and very inspiring to me because it was so different from how

me because it was so different from how

me because it was so different from how people usually react when I tell them

people usually react when I tell them

people usually react when I tell them about my research people really think

about my research people really think

about my research people really think it’s creepy and one of the reasons why

it’s creepy and one of the reasons why

it’s creepy and one of the reasons why many of us I think many of us find it

many of us I think many of us find it

many of us I think many of us find it creepy when we first hear about these

creepy when we first hear about these

creepy when we first hear about these services is related to the contradiction

services is related to the contradiction

services is related to the contradiction between how the dead would be present

between how the dead would be present

between how the dead would be present online through the services and the

online through the services and the

online through the services and the social contract construction of death

social contract construction of death

social contract construction of death during modernity so to put it simply

during modernity so to put it simply

during modernity so to put it simply sending emails posting on Facebook

sending emails posting on Facebook

sending emails posting on Facebook Twitter on Twitter is probably one of

Twitter on Twitter is probably one of

Twitter on Twitter is probably one of the last things that we expect dead

the last things that we expect dead

the last things that we expect dead people to be doing but moreover sending

people to be doing but moreover sending

people to be doing but moreover sending emails posting on Facebook and Twitter

emails posting on Facebook and Twitter

emails posting on Facebook and Twitter on Twitter is what we do and if you

on Twitter is what we do and if you

on Twitter is what we do and if you think about it there is very little to

think about it there is very little to

think about it there is very little to distinguish between a Facebook post or a

distinguish between a Facebook post or a

distinguish between a Facebook post or a message that is created but by someone

message that is created but by someone

message that is created but by someone alive or someone deceased and if you

alive or someone deceased and if you

alive or someone deceased and if you think about how we are present online

think about how we are present online

think about how we are present online will already have this experience of

will already have this experience of

will already have this experience of being continually present continuously

being continually present continuously

being continually present continuously present while being absent and

present while being absent and

present while being absent and potentially by using these services the

potentially by using these services the

potentially by using these services the dead could be present online in the same

dead could be present online in the same

dead could be present online in the same spaces that we are using in our everyday

spaces that we are using in our everyday

spaces that we are using in our everyday without being in any way distinct or

without being in any way distinct or

without being in any way distinct or separated and this is what contradicts a

separated and this is what contradicts a

separated and this is what contradicts a social construction of death during

social construction of death during

social construction of death during modernity because in recent decades

modernity because in recent decades

modernity because in recent decades Western societies have established

Western societies have established

Western societies have established practices that were dedicated to

practices that were dedicated to

practices that were dedicated to separating and excluding death and the

separating and excluding death and the

separating and excluding death and the dead from everyday life places such as a

dead from everyday life places such as a

dead from everyday life places such as a cemetery were

cemetery were

cemetery were to contain and limit the time space and

to contain and limit the time space and

to contain and limit the time space and form of the presence of the dead in our

form of the presence of the dead in our

form of the presence of the dead in our life and potentially by using these

life and potentially by using these

life and potentially by using these services that dead could challenge those

services that dead could challenge those

services that dead could challenge those those practices of distinguishing and

those practices of distinguishing and

those practices of distinguishing and separating the dead from everyday life

separating the dead from everyday life

separating the dead from everyday life and this is what causes that creepiness

and this is what causes that creepiness

and this is what causes that creepiness this inability to distinguish which is

this inability to distinguish which is

this inability to distinguish which is something that is created but by someone

something that is created but by someone

something that is created but by someone alive and something created by someone

alive and something created by someone

alive and something created by someone who is dead and this return of the

who is dead and this return of the

who is dead and this return of the familiar to where it’s not expected to

familiar to where it’s not expected to

familiar to where it’s not expected to where it shouldn’t be that causes this

where it shouldn’t be that causes this

where it shouldn’t be that causes this unease and perhaps anxiety but the thing

unease and perhaps anxiety but the thing

unease and perhaps anxiety but the thing is that we’re already dealing with

is that we’re already dealing with

is that we’re already dealing with challenge with this challenge today

challenge with this challenge today

challenge with this challenge today because already people who are dying are

because already people who are dying are

because already people who are dying are living their digital remains behind them

living their digital remains behind them

living their digital remains behind them for us to interact with each one of us

for us to interact with each one of us

for us to interact with each one of us has a digital footprint which is the

has a digital footprint which is the

has a digital footprint which is the accumulation of our online activity that

accumulation of our online activity that

accumulation of our online activity that remains out there for people to see for

remains out there for people to see for

remains out there for people to see for people to interact with and that uncanny

people to interact with and that uncanny

people to interact with and that uncanny encounter with the digital remains of

encounter with the digital remains of

encounter with the digital remains of someone was passed away it’s becoming a

someone was passed away it’s becoming a

someone was passed away it’s becoming a very common experience how many of you

very common experience how many of you

very common experience how many of you here today have had the experience of

here today have had the experience of

here today have had the experience of coming across a Facebook profile of

coming across a Facebook profile of

coming across a Facebook profile of someone you know who has passed away or

someone you know who has passed away or

someone you know who has passed away or a Twitter account quite a few yeah more

a Twitter account quite a few yeah more

a Twitter account quite a few yeah more than I thought so if this is the case it

than I thought so if this is the case it

than I thought so if this is the case it might be worth thinking about how we

might be worth thinking about how we

might be worth thinking about how we want to manage this challenge now many

want to manage this challenge now many

want to manage this challenge now many of us might feel more comfortable with

of us might feel more comfortable with

of us might feel more comfortable with contributing to and engaging with

contributing to and engaging with

contributing to and engaging with services that enable you to completely

services that enable you to completely

services that enable you to completely delete your online identity after you

delete your online identity after you

delete your online identity after you die to its complete annihilation

die to its complete annihilation

die to its complete annihilation but some of us might also be curious and

but some of us might also be curious and

but some of us might also be curious and interested in in reflecting and thinking

interested in in reflecting and thinking

interested in in reflecting and thinking about the possibilities of controlling

about the possibilities of controlling

about the possibilities of controlling and managing how you do want to be

and managing how you do want to be

and managing how you do want to be present and active online after you die

present and active online after you die

present and active online after you die and that there are many questions and

and that there are many questions and

and that there are many questions and many possibilities that we can think

many possibilities that we can think

many possibilities that we can think about so going back to where I started

about so going back to where I started

about so going back to where I started what would it be like if we could

what would it be like if we could

what would it be like if we could introduce people in our lives to

introduce people in our lives to

introduce people in our lives to deceased loved ones who have passed away

deceased loved ones who have passed away

deceased loved ones who have passed away but mattered greatly to us or how about

but mattered greatly to us or how about

but mattered greatly to us or how about other applications could this be a

other applications could this be a

other applications could this be a therapeutic tool could individuals

therapeutic tool could individuals

therapeutic tool could individuals dealing with their end-of-life find some

dealing with their end-of-life find some

dealing with their end-of-life find some kind of

kind of

kind of comfort or reassurance knowing that

comfort or reassurance knowing that

comfort or reassurance knowing that they’re going to be there digitally for

they’re going to be there digitally for

they’re going to be there digitally for their loved ones and that they’re not

their loved ones and that they’re not

their loved ones and that they’re not going to leave anything unsaid

going to leave anything unsaid

going to leave anything unsaid how about education maybe our

how about education maybe our

how about education maybe our great-great-great grandchildren

great-great-great grandchildren

great-great-great grandchildren during their history classes could

during their history classes could

during their history classes could interview a digital Barack Obama about

interview a digital Barack Obama about

interview a digital Barack Obama about his experience as the president of the

his experience as the president of the

his experience as the president of the United States will having deceased

United States will having deceased

United States will having deceased individuals interacting with us through

individuals interacting with us through

individuals interacting with us through online communication have an impact on

online communication have an impact on

online communication have an impact on how we deal with and think about our

how we deal with and think about our

how we deal with and think about our very own mortality will it have an

very own mortality will it have an

very own mortality will it have an impact on how we think about and how we

impact on how we think about and how we

impact on how we think about and how we experience online communication so as

experience online communication so as

experience online communication so as these new technologies are still

these new technologies are still

these new technologies are still emerging we all have the opportunity to

emerging we all have the opportunity to

emerging we all have the opportunity to be part of how their shapes and although

be part of how their shapes and although

be part of how their shapes and although they’re new we’d actually be engaging

they’re new we’d actually be engaging

they’re new we’d actually be engaging with ideas that are as old at least as

with ideas that are as old at least as

with ideas that are as old at least as photography and who knows perhaps by the

photography and who knows perhaps by the

photography and who knows perhaps by the time my son is old enough to understand

time my son is old enough to understand

time my son is old enough to understand and use these technologies communicating

and use these technologies communicating

and use these technologies communicating to a deceased person online would be as

to a deceased person online would be as

to a deceased person online would be as everyday and common as open a family

everyday and common as open a family

everyday and common as open a family photo album thank you

photo album thank you

photo album thank you [Applause]

”

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