I’m sure everyone here at least one
times in your life you are found
facing this construction site which
lasted much longer than
planned
there you are full and the
reality is that in fact the
construction is an area that is
who is very sensitive to the unexpected and
who even with all the rigor of the world
we
inevitably leads us to
delays
significant delays and I student
arts and crafts engineer
I needed to change that so in
did I discovered there I discovered
the middle of the construction and
the inevitable dialogue very difficult
that exists between engineers and
the architects and I realized
that I needed to understand the
architectural design logic
and how to better understand a
architect by becoming so I left
in architecture school and school
architected to
I discovered students who
were frustrated and frustrated actually
because he says but they have a
overflowing imagination he thinks of
many things forms that could
revolutionize the way we live
in space and in reality they can not
not the milks build because that
is too expensive in fact so
today when we walk in the
street eh ben we are facing this in fact
buildings that surround us that
are all rights that are simple
standard is actually there is very little
complex architectural works as
this one for example who actually are the
why students have
want to join a school
architecturally and when we actually see
the complexity for to build in
concrete shapes with curvature
like send previously well he
it takes extremely manpower
skilled it takes precision there
it takes a lot of short time it costs
very expensive so it is actually
today a gap between them between the
most of the architects who are
constrained by a smaller budget and
others without financial limitations
who can produce all their desires
only today
Well, that’s changing
and why it’s changing
because
we have new technologies
digital that are sufficiently
mature to allow to build
better to build differently
you are probably not without
know that architects today
no longer uses drawing tables
we use a computer and with this
computer does not change radically
our way of conceiving
the architect in fact we continue
to draw traits only it’s about
a computer
in fact the interest of digital there
in it is to rethink our way
to do design and manufacture
the architectured so manufactured by
example with with the help of robots of
robots that are going to be extremely
accurate repeatable that they are going to be
able to work in
extreme conditions and with a cadence
with a rate that a human does not
could not reproduce at the level of the
design
it begs the question of what
what we really do when we
designs and what do we do when
we conceive in fact we have desires we have
constraints we have a number
of 1 certain number of criteria
behind behind our brain who
pushes us to create shapes in
reality a machine
a computer is enough
intelligent to reproduce what is
goes into our brains so in
reality we could replace the
functioning of our brain by a
algorithm that directly translates its
rules in shape so for example I
want to draw an apartment where my
kitchen be next to my living room or
the room is sufficiently lit
is big enough
but a little out of the way etc and it’s a
computer that comes ready itself
organized organized price these pieces
so here is not put back among these
digital technologies
there is particular 3d printing which I
think is could answer a
number of my questions too
well from an engineers point of view that
from a point of view and architects
so what is it that
low 3d printing and that’s what we
done in those little boxes where we
from a reel of plastic film
that we come to heat to assemble
layers one after the other and
formed just about all our desires
so today it was extremely
democratize and we are able to
build just about anything
and there we do not say very well I’m going
can do that too for
buildings and most people do not
do not actually see the changes it
is when we change scale and it’s
by the way quite funny to see that
when when we explain that we do
3d printing in construction
most people tell us but
it looks like what your printer
and in fact we realize that they
imagine a kind of big box
who goes who will encompass a whole building
in reality what is meant by
3d printing and well 3d printing or
its other name additive manufacturing its
opposes subtractive manufacturing
his opposition to that is to create a
form
starting from a block of materials
of August where comes remove the material
so to go from this block to the form
wanted and well we have a number of
losses in additive manufacturing on to
100% of the starting material that will
serve to train our our object so
if we call that impression 3d it’s
just by analogy with the printers
2d who knows me
paper or we proceed to a creation
image in division 2 in small element
of color called pixels and
well in 3d printers we come
to cut a structure in small
quantities of materials that will be called
the vox she so what is that in
done in a 3d printer and well what
that there is a nozzle a nozzle that has
for function to pass from the
matter is a robot that we will be able to
control the displacement and who is going
come move this nozzle into space
so what is difficult there
in what is difficult it is
to have upstream of the nozzle a material
which is going to be liquid enough for
we’re going to be able to pump it and
bring it to the nozzle and at the same time
purpose exit have a material that there
does not collapse completely and
so who should stand himself but in
same time not too much to be able to have
some cohesion with the layers
on purchase so are we doing in
plastic and ben simply we do
to heat one to heat the plastic
for him to be pumped
then we cool it in concrete on
just change the composition of concrete
during the trial d then there you me
say yes but the construction the
concrete construction it always has
summer additives actually is actually when
when traditionally we manipulate
concrete it is poured into a mold and it
there are not really big
differences between the shot there I
the impression
if only in one case the material
must stand at the exit and in
the other not at all in reality in the
casting the what’s important is
the subtractive operation that takes place
in creating the mold in fact so
it’s pretty indirect and the mold for
that he be considered profitable he
they must be able to do
a number of pieces with if not
it is it is far too expensive to
make a mold for one piece is
so all that is going to push the
standardization of architecture and
to reduce the value
architectural that is produced and
increase material consumption
so here with the impression of 3d
we just mentioned a benefit that is
as in 3d printing it’s
casting with a virtual mold well
it does not cost more to make a
different form
and so we are able to create the
free formal complexity without
extra cost and more quickly the second
advantage is that we are able to
drastically reduce the quantities of
materials since we put the material
we want to where we want
it is and in sufficient quantity
while today is the most
much of the concrete used in
done is useless and we just do it
because it costs less with the
processes that we use the third
advantage which is who is maybe
less direct is security is
to say that it is much easier
to send a robot to rebuild in
post natural disaster areas rather
that a human does all the areas
risky we will prefer to send a
robot that will work on our behalf
so where are we today
you’ve probably heard of
houses built in China in
Russia
very quickly what’s in these
houses is that they are for the
most in 2d and a half so-called
two of the enemies is that she
does not really exploit the 3d in
done it’s a 2d plan that can be a
uncomplicated but then he is
extract rights vertically so if
we cut each time in the
building we have the same drawing 2d and
it’s a shame actually because the
3d allows us to exploit forms
much more
interesting
Anyway in France it’s for
can have to appear that kind of
this kind of structure it’s going to take a
little more time and this because of the
certification in fact since for
able to build in height in
places that will allow to accommodate
public
well we have to make sure that this audience
is safe and is for now
as we are not able to
characterize the material
that prints since the process is
very new and comes no office from
control will not be able to vouch for
makes public safety
so we did what we did with x sorting
is that we considered that we were going
to sink finally we went printed
envelop him and we would sink to
inside because in fact the
material that flows inside
he is able to calculate it
certify so that’s how we got
makes a four- meter high pole
with his provence for a public market
and on the left we have the result of this
that we printed and then when we had
cut the supports between
various vain
well we still have what we have
assembled on site with so at
inside a material that was flowing
as we saw in the picture
former
so in reality it’s only this
who is inside who is helpful
to hold to hold the awning at
above and the rest is of no
that siding is also like that
what we did we did we developed
the forebears then behind this name
a little bit boring from premurs ago
actually the idea of having a wall all
near hyper functional suits m on
a yard and so there are areas
there are areas where you see the
sailboats the veins outside there which
will come to welcome a material that
will that will support the
upper floors
the wall is hollow and will allow
when pouring an insulating foam
will reduce reduce losses of
heat and then the
the acoustic noises that that get
transmit and we are also able
so to predict the quickdraw sheaths
pipes of electrical ducts
etc.
indoor furniture and
aesthetic desires on the on the
wall walls actually there is
there are two markets today that are
distinguishes and we tend to have
tendency to compare is the market of
impression of the impression very
fast and cheap and the market of
the printing of complex shapes or there
we will need precision and
quality so the prom for the first
the challenge is going to be it’s going to be
to help to help build in
underdeveloped countries with
local ecological materials for the
second
the stake he’s going to be double he’s going to be
to be able to build better
what we are able to build
today so by bringing in the
complexity by making it less
expensive or wherever it’s more
secure but also a whole party
we imagine that it is difficult to imagine
today that is to think of
new forms that have trouble thinking
today
so I would like to conclude conclude this
presentation with 7
this marshall mcluhan quote that
already in the 60s foresaw
that you will be able to add some
complexity without extra cost and so that’s
the path chosen x sort for
revolutionize concrete construction
thank you
[Applause]
[Music]
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