[Applause] my name is Maureen Fitzgerald and I am a
my name is Maureen Fitzgerald and I am a
my name is Maureen Fitzgerald and I am a recovering lawyer about ten years ago I
recovering lawyer about ten years ago I
recovering lawyer about ten years ago I went to an event almost exactly like
went to an event almost exactly like
went to an event almost exactly like this one
this one
this one I remember the auditorium and seeing a
I remember the auditorium and seeing a
I remember the auditorium and seeing a sea of black and gray suits and crisp
sea of black and gray suits and crisp
sea of black and gray suits and crisp white blouses it was 200 women lawyers
white blouses it was 200 women lawyers
white blouses it was 200 women lawyers and I felt like I had arrived that this
and I felt like I had arrived that this
and I felt like I had arrived that this was my tribe I didn’t know that that
was my tribe I didn’t know that that
was my tribe I didn’t know that that event would change the course of my life
but before I go on I have to come clean
but before I go on I have to come clean although my talk today is about removing
although my talk today is about removing
although my talk today is about removing the barriers that hold women back I was
the barriers that hold women back I was
the barriers that hold women back I was not always interested in gender
not always interested in gender
not always interested in gender inequality in fact I was one of those
inequality in fact I was one of those
inequality in fact I was one of those lawyers who had her nose firmly to the
lawyers who had her nose firmly to the
lawyers who had her nose firmly to the grindstone
grindstone
grindstone I worked absurd hours and I didn’t care
I worked absurd hours and I didn’t care
I worked absurd hours and I didn’t care that I wasn’t invited to the golf games
that I wasn’t invited to the golf games
that I wasn’t invited to the golf games or client lunches I did what I had to do
or client lunches I did what I had to do
or client lunches I did what I had to do to succeed but on that night my eyes
to succeed but on that night my eyes
to succeed but on that night my eyes were opened I remember settling into my
were opened I remember settling into my
were opened I remember settling into my seat and looking up at the stage and I
seat and looking up at the stage and I
seat and looking up at the stage and I saw this young guy in jeans and a
saw this young guy in jeans and a
saw this young guy in jeans and a t-shirt and I thought oh technical
t-shirt and I thought oh technical
t-shirt and I thought oh technical problems
but then he began to approach the podium
but then he began to approach the podium and this was his first slide the seven
and this was his first slide the seven
and this was his first slide the seven fatal mistakes that women make and this
fatal mistakes that women make and this
fatal mistakes that women make and this young man for the next 45 minutes told
young man for the next 45 minutes told
young man for the next 45 minutes told all of these women and me in the room
all of these women and me in the room
all of these women and me in the room precisely what we were doing wrong we
precisely what we were doing wrong we
precisely what we were doing wrong we were wearing the wrong clothes we were
were wearing the wrong clothes we were
were wearing the wrong clothes we were saying the wrong things
saying the wrong things
saying the wrong things we weren’t assertive enough we weren’t
we weren’t assertive enough we weren’t
we weren’t assertive enough we weren’t aggressive enough and worst of all is
aggressive enough and worst of all is
aggressive enough and worst of all is that we were doing a disservice to our
that we were doing a disservice to our
that we were doing a disservice to our clients I remember going home that night
clients I remember going home that night
clients I remember going home that night in a bit of a fog and it wasn’t until
in a bit of a fog and it wasn’t until
in a bit of a fog and it wasn’t until the next morning when I woke up and I
the next morning when I woke up and I
the next morning when I woke up and I had this aha what if women aren’t the
had this aha what if women aren’t the
had this aha what if women aren’t the problem
what if the way we think about women is
what if the way we think about women is the problem so I spent the next eight
the problem so I spent the next eight
the problem so I spent the next eight years researching the topic I pursued a
years researching the topic I pursued a
years researching the topic I pursued a doctoral degree and wrote three books on
doctoral degree and wrote three books on
doctoral degree and wrote three books on the topic and I have to tell you I am
the topic and I have to tell you I am
the topic and I have to tell you I am completely delighted to be here tonight
completely delighted to be here tonight
completely delighted to be here tonight to tell you what I know so let me start
to tell you what I know so let me start
to tell you what I know so let me start by stating the obvious
by stating the obvious
by stating the obvious although women have been graduating in
although women have been graduating in
although women have been graduating in equal numbers for about 20 years from
equal numbers for about 20 years from
equal numbers for about 20 years from universities and colleges across North
universities and colleges across North
universities and colleges across North America they remain grossly
America they remain grossly
America they remain grossly underrepresented at the top today women
underrepresented at the top today women
underrepresented at the top today women represent about 5 percent of the CEOs of
represent about 5 percent of the CEOs of
represent about 5 percent of the CEOs of the big corporations about 20 percent of
the big corporations about 20 percent of
the big corporations about 20 percent of our elected representatives and about 25
our elected representatives and about 25
our elected representatives and about 25 percent of the highest level academic
percent of the highest level academic
percent of the highest level academic positions in fact of the top 1,500
positions in fact of the top 1,500
positions in fact of the top 1,500 organizations in the United States there
organizations in the United States there
organizations in the United States there are more CEOs with the name John then
are more CEOs with the name John then
are more CEOs with the name John then there are women but there’s also some
there are women but there’s also some
there are women but there’s also some really good news and the good news is
really good news and the good news is
really good news and the good news is this there’s a huge amount of growing
this there’s a huge amount of growing
this there’s a huge amount of growing research on the benefits of women we
research on the benefits of women we
research on the benefits of women we know that including women and full
know that including women and full
know that including women and full participation of women today can
participation of women today can
participation of women today can accelerate the global economy could an
accelerate the global economy could an
accelerate the global economy could an increase corporate profits and can even
increase corporate profits and can even
increase corporate profits and can even improve all of our standard of living
improve all of our standard of living
improve all of our standard of living a small known fact is that during the
a small known fact is that during the
a small known fact is that during the Icelandic financial meltdown there’s
Icelandic financial meltdown there’s
Icelandic financial meltdown there’s only one financial firm that survived
only one financial firm that survived
only one financial firm that survived and that was a firm of four women
and that was a firm of four women
and that was a firm of four women another small known fact is that when
another small known fact is that when
another small known fact is that when micro lenders lend money to women they
micro lenders lend money to women they
micro lenders lend money to women they not only end up with more money
not only end up with more money
not only end up with more money themselves and the women end up with
themselves and the women end up with
themselves and the women end up with more money but so too do families and
more money but so too do families and
more money but so too do families and communities
communities
communities study after study has said repeatedly
study after study has said repeatedly
study after study has said repeatedly that including women is not just the
that including women is not just the
that including women is not just the right thing to do it’s the economic
right thing to do it’s the economic
right thing to do it’s the economic thing to do so if we know the
thing to do so if we know the
thing to do so if we know the women are so amazing why is there still
women are so amazing why is there still
women are so amazing why is there still such a huge gender gap so some of you
such a huge gender gap so some of you
such a huge gender gap so some of you might recall the well-over watched TED
might recall the well-over watched TED
might recall the well-over watched TED talk by Sheryl Sandberg the CEO of
talk by Sheryl Sandberg the CEO of
talk by Sheryl Sandberg the CEO of Facebook she’ll start Sandberg not only
Facebook she’ll start Sandberg not only
Facebook she’ll start Sandberg not only did a TED talk but she also followed it
did a TED talk but she also followed it
did a TED talk but she also followed it up by a best-selling book called lean in
up by a best-selling book called lean in
up by a best-selling book called lean in and in that book she did an amazing job
and in that book she did an amazing job
and in that book she did an amazing job of describing all of the barriers or
of describing all of the barriers or
of describing all of the barriers or many of the barriers that held women
many of the barriers that held women
many of the barriers that held women back for everything from subtle
back for everything from subtle
back for everything from subtle discrimination to sexual harassment but
discrimination to sexual harassment but
discrimination to sexual harassment but Sheryl did something very interesting
Sheryl did something very interesting
Sheryl did something very interesting instead of focusing on those barriers
instead of focusing on those barriers
instead of focusing on those barriers she decided to focus on women and so her
she decided to focus on women and so her
she decided to focus on women and so her message initially at least was raise
message initially at least was raise
message initially at least was raise your hands more sit at the table be more
your hands more sit at the table be more
your hands more sit at the table be more courageous and although these are
courageous and although these are
courageous and although these are probably very good pieces of advice for
probably very good pieces of advice for
probably very good pieces of advice for individual women there’s a couple of
individual women there’s a couple of
individual women there’s a couple of problems with this focus on women the
problems with this focus on women the
problems with this focus on women the first is that it places the full burden
first is that it places the full burden
first is that it places the full burden of the change on women we expect women
of the change on women we expect women
of the change on women we expect women to attend courses read more books and
to attend courses read more books and
to attend courses read more books and work even harder to bridge the gender
work even harder to bridge the gender
work even harder to bridge the gender gap the second is that those women who
gap the second is that those women who
gap the second is that those women who act just a bit too assertive end up
act just a bit too assertive end up
act just a bit too assertive end up suffering a backlash these subtle
suffering a backlash these subtle
suffering a backlash these subtle penalties for asking acting acting for
penalties for asking acting acting for
penalties for asking acting acting for acting in a way that’s just a bit too
acting in a way that’s just a bit too
acting in a way that’s just a bit too masculine and the third problem is a
masculine and the third problem is a
masculine and the third problem is a crisis of confidence that I actually
crisis of confidence that I actually
crisis of confidence that I actually personally suffered after 10 years of
personally suffered after 10 years of
personally suffered after 10 years of law practice it should come as no
law practice it should come as no
law practice it should come as no surprise after wearing black stiff grey
surprise after wearing black stiff grey
surprise after wearing black stiff grey suits gray gray and black suits wearing
suits gray gray and black suits wearing
suits gray gray and black suits wearing ugly black shoes and even blow-drying my
ugly black shoes and even blow-drying my
ugly black shoes and even blow-drying my hair straight for 10 years that I didn’t
hair straight for 10 years that I didn’t
hair straight for 10 years that I didn’t know who I was and it’s no surprise that
know who I was and it’s no surprise that
know who I was and it’s no surprise that I suffered from the so-called
I suffered from the so-called
I suffered from the so-called imposter syndrome
but the biggest problem of all of urging
but the biggest problem of all of urging women to lean in and focusing
women to lean in and focusing
women to lean in and focusing exclusively in on women is this every
exclusively in on women is this every
exclusively in on women is this every single one of you who’s not a woman
single one of you who’s not a woman
single one of you who’s not a woman climbing the corporate ladder gets off
climbing the corporate ladder gets off
climbing the corporate ladder gets off the hook and not only that but we can
the hook and not only that but we can
the hook and not only that but we can comfortably ignore all of the research
comfortably ignore all of the research
comfortably ignore all of the research that points to very specific barriers
that points to very specific barriers
that points to very specific barriers that continue to hold women back so let
that continue to hold women back so let
that continue to hold women back so let me tell you a story a little while ago
me tell you a story a little while ago
me tell you a story a little while ago our father and his son were in a car
our father and his son were in a car
our father and his son were in a car accident
accident
accident and the father walked away but the son
and the father walked away but the son
and the father walked away but the son was badly injured so he called an
was badly injured so he called an
was badly injured so he called an ambulance drove the son to the hospital
ambulance drove the son to the hospital
ambulance drove the son to the hospital and the son was being wheeled into the
and the son was being wheeled into the
and the son was being wheeled into the surgery when the surgeon came in and
surgery when the surgeon came in and
surgery when the surgeon came in and looked at the boy and said I can’t
looked at the boy and said I can’t
looked at the boy and said I can’t operate on that boy he’s my son so the
operate on that boy he’s my son so the
operate on that boy he’s my son so the question for you is who is the surgeon
question for you is who is the surgeon
question for you is who is the surgeon now I see a few of you scratching your
now I see a few of you scratching your
now I see a few of you scratching your heads and I want to tell you this
heads and I want to tell you this
heads and I want to tell you this the surgeons a mother but the reason we
the surgeons a mother but the reason we
the surgeons a mother but the reason we don’t often see the surgeon as the
don’t often see the surgeon as the
don’t often see the surgeon as the mother and it kind of messes us up is
mother and it kind of messes us up is
mother and it kind of messes us up is because of this thing in our heads
because of this thing in our heads
because of this thing in our heads called implicit bias we don’t see women
called implicit bias we don’t see women
called implicit bias we don’t see women as surgeons and implicit bias is the
as surgeons and implicit bias is the
as surgeons and implicit bias is the main cause of the gender gap today
main cause of the gender gap today
main cause of the gender gap today what’s implicit bias some of you already
what’s implicit bias some of you already
what’s implicit bias some of you already know it’s basically unconscious ideas in
know it’s basically unconscious ideas in
know it’s basically unconscious ideas in your head that are going around and
your head that are going around and
your head that are going around and around and some of them are really
around and some of them are really
around and some of them are really written some of them not so good but for
written some of them not so good but for
written some of them not so good but for women there are three particular types
women there are three particular types
women there are three particular types of implicit bias that are deeply
of implicit bias that are deeply
of implicit bias that are deeply troublesome the first is male preference
troublesome the first is male preference
troublesome the first is male preference now you may not know this but the
now you may not know this but the
now you may not know this but the research is quite clear both men and
research is quite clear both men and
research is quite clear both men and women prefer males not only do we prefer
women prefer males not only do we prefer
women prefer males not only do we prefer males but we actually prefer masculine
males but we actually prefer masculine
males but we actually prefer masculine characteristics there’s a very
characteristics there’s a very
characteristics there’s a very well-known research study called the
well-known research study called the
well-known research study called the Heidi and Howard study and this is
Heidi and Howard study and this is
Heidi and Howard study and this is fantastic it’s just simply a professor
fantastic it’s just simply a professor
fantastic it’s just simply a professor deciding one day to hand out one resume
deciding one day to hand out one resume
deciding one day to hand out one resume to their
to their
to their her whole group of students unbeknownst
her whole group of students unbeknownst
her whole group of students unbeknownst to the students she decided to put Heidi
to the students she decided to put Heidi
to the students she decided to put Heidi at the top of one and Howard at the top
at the top of one and Howard at the top
at the top of one and Howard at the top of the other resume and then she asked
of the other resume and then she asked
of the other resume and then she asked him to give her feedback and what she
him to give her feedback and what she
him to give her feedback and what she discovered is this although all the
discovered is this although all the
discovered is this although all the students agreed that Heidi Heidi and
students agreed that Heidi Heidi and
students agreed that Heidi Heidi and Howard had the same credentials and
Howard had the same credentials and
Howard had the same credentials and confidence level they rarely selected
confidence level they rarely selected
confidence level they rarely selected Heidi and what the students said is this
Heidi and what the students said is this
Heidi and what the students said is this they didn’t like Heidi and they didn’t
they didn’t like Heidi and they didn’t
they didn’t like Heidi and they didn’t trust Heidi the second type of bias that
trust Heidi the second type of bias that
trust Heidi the second type of bias that it’s particularly troublesome for women
it’s particularly troublesome for women
it’s particularly troublesome for women is called in-group favoritism now we all
is called in-group favoritism now we all
is called in-group favoritism now we all know this because it just simply means
know this because it just simply means
know this because it just simply means we’d like to be around people who look
we’d like to be around people who look
we’d like to be around people who look and act like us there’s only one problem
and act like us there’s only one problem
and act like us there’s only one problem and that is if all of the Corporations
and that is if all of the Corporations
and that is if all of the Corporations all of the elected officials and all of
all of the elected officials and all of
all of the elected officials and all of the top-level academic positions are
the top-level academic positions are
the top-level academic positions are occupied by men they tend to only invite
occupied by men they tend to only invite
occupied by men they tend to only invite in those men and women who look and act
in those men and women who look and act
in those men and women who look and act like them the third barrier is what the
like them the third barrier is what the
like them the third barrier is what the researchers called the maternal wall and
researchers called the maternal wall and
researchers called the maternal wall and it’s a whole bundle of barriers but it’s
it’s a whole bundle of barriers but it’s
it’s a whole bundle of barriers but it’s particularly bad for women it’s simply
particularly bad for women it’s simply
particularly bad for women it’s simply this idea that somehow women in
this idea that somehow women in
this idea that somehow women in childbearing ages are incompetent
childbearing ages are incompetent
childbearing ages are incompetent they’re too sensitive
they’re too sensitive
they’re too sensitive they’re too emotional they’re too caring
they’re too emotional they’re too caring
they’re too emotional they’re too caring they’re – a lot of things we just assume
they’re – a lot of things we just assume
they’re – a lot of things we just assume this about women but worse is that
this about women but worse is that
this about women but worse is that they’re not committed to their jobs the
they’re not committed to their jobs the
they’re not committed to their jobs the minute you have a child you’re less
minute you have a child you’re less
minute you have a child you’re less committed to your job which ironically
committed to your job which ironically
committed to your job which ironically is the opposite that we feel for men
is the opposite that we feel for men
is the opposite that we feel for men because as soon as men have children we
because as soon as men have children we
because as soon as men have children we all assume that he’s going to be more
all assume that he’s going to be more
all assume that he’s going to be more committed to his job but what I found
committed to his job but what I found
committed to his job but what I found interesting about this is these
interesting about this is these
interesting about this is these particular three groups of biases have
particular three groups of biases have
particular three groups of biases have one common root and what surprised me
one common root and what surprised me
one common root and what surprised me when I looked at them all and step back
when I looked at them all and step back
when I looked at them all and step back is something very interesting that I had
is something very interesting that I had
is something very interesting that I had discovered or heard about for the first
discovered or heard about for the first
discovered or heard about for the first time 30 years ago
I was in an economics class in
I was in an economics class in first-year University why I signed up
first-year University why I signed up
first-year University why I signed up for economics I don’t know
for economics I don’t know
for economics I don’t know and a substitute professor came in and
and a substitute professor came in and
and a substitute professor came in and she said oh dear economics I don’t know
she said oh dear economics I don’t know
she said oh dear economics I don’t know anything about economics but I want to
anything about economics but I want to
anything about economics but I want to tell you about my most amazing pink and
tell you about my most amazing pink and
tell you about my most amazing pink and blue dye for research so she said what
blue dye for research so she said what
blue dye for research so she said what we did is we brought in these twenty
we did is we brought in these twenty
we did is we brought in these twenty babies
babies
babies boy and girl babies but we dressed them
boy and girl babies but we dressed them
boy and girl babies but we dressed them at random and pink and blue diapers and
at random and pink and blue diapers and
at random and pink and blue diapers and then we invited parents in to hold the
then we invited parents in to hold the
then we invited parents in to hold the babies and then we videotaped the whole
babies and then we videotaped the whole
babies and then we videotaped the whole thing and she said the most amazing
thing and she said the most amazing
thing and she said the most amazing thing happened the parents held the pink
thing happened the parents held the pink
thing happened the parents held the pink diaper babies very close to their bodies
diaper babies very close to their bodies
diaper babies very close to their bodies and spoke to them and very soft tones
and spoke to them and very soft tones
and spoke to them and very soft tones like isn’t she so sweet and the blue
like isn’t she so sweet and the blue
like isn’t she so sweet and the blue diaper babies the big the parents held
diaper babies the big the parents held
diaper babies the big the parents held the babies away from their bodies and
the babies away from their bodies and
the babies away from their bodies and spoke them in somewhat louder tones like
spoke them in somewhat louder tones like
spoke them in somewhat louder tones like oh you’re a tough guy so what’s
oh you’re a tough guy so what’s
oh you’re a tough guy so what’s interesting to me is this is just five
interesting to me is this is just five
interesting to me is this is just five minutes of parental implicit bias so
minutes of parental implicit bias so
minutes of parental implicit bias so imagine a lifetime and then my friends
imagine a lifetime and then my friends
imagine a lifetime and then my friends stay to me now yeah the Tinker dude took
stay to me now yeah the Tinker dude took
stay to me now yeah the Tinker dude took like the diapers whatever morning
like the diapers whatever morning
like the diapers whatever morning Maureen pink and blue diapers what on
Maureen pink and blue diapers what on
Maureen pink and blue diapers what on earth does that have to do with the
earth does that have to do with the
earth does that have to do with the gender gap and this is what I tell them
in our society we take a pink box and we
in our society we take a pink box and we label it as feminine and then we squeeze
label it as feminine and then we squeeze
label it as feminine and then we squeeze in all of our girls and women squeeze
in all of our girls and women squeeze
in all of our girls and women squeeze them squeeze them cui’s them in and tell
them squeeze them cui’s them in and tell
them squeeze them cui’s them in and tell them they have to be certain things like
them they have to be certain things like
them they have to be certain things like nice and kind and sweet and all of these
nice and kind and sweet and all of these
nice and kind and sweet and all of these things and many more and then we take a
things and many more and then we take a
things and many more and then we take a blue box and we label it as masculine
blue box and we label it as masculine
blue box and we label it as masculine and we squeeze all our men and boys into
and we squeeze all our men and boys into
and we squeeze all our men and boys into this box and we tell me how to be tough
this box and we tell me how to be tough
this box and we tell me how to be tough and aggressive and and unemotional and
and aggressive and and unemotional and
and aggressive and and unemotional and many many more things and that’s not
many many more things and that’s not
many many more things and that’s not very good but here’s the interesting
very good but here’s the interesting
very good but here’s the interesting thing
in our society we take this blue box and
in our society we take this blue box and we elevate it we’ve raised it up and we
we elevate it we’ve raised it up and we
we elevate it we’ve raised it up and we say this blue box meals and masculine
say this blue box meals and masculine
say this blue box meals and masculine traits and masculine roles are more
traits and masculine roles are more
traits and masculine roles are more important to our society and then we
important to our society and then we
important to our society and then we take this pink box and we lower it down
take this pink box and we lower it down
take this pink box and we lower it down and we say females and female roles and
and we say females and female roles and
and we say females and female roles and feminine characteristics are less
feminine characteristics are less
feminine characteristics are less valuable to our society and that is what
valuable to our society and that is what
valuable to our society and that is what I call pink and blue bias and that is
I call pink and blue bias and that is
I call pink and blue bias and that is the top root of all gender inequality in
the top root of all gender inequality in
the top root of all gender inequality in the world and before I get to solutions
the world and before I get to solutions
the world and before I get to solutions because that’s the fun part of the talk
because that’s the fun part of the talk
because that’s the fun part of the talk I want to ask you this one question who
I want to ask you this one question who
I want to ask you this one question who invented these boxes so there’s a number
invented these boxes so there’s a number
invented these boxes so there’s a number of solutions I’m just going to tell you
of solutions I’m just going to tell you
of solutions I’m just going to tell you about two of them the most obvious is
about two of them the most obvious is
about two of them the most obvious is socialization the first thing we have to
socialization the first thing we have to
socialization the first thing we have to do is get rid of the pink and blue boxes
do is get rid of the pink and blue boxes
do is get rid of the pink and blue boxes we have to raise our children outside
we have to raise our children outside
we have to raise our children outside the box we have to raise them in a way
the box we have to raise them in a way
the box we have to raise them in a way where they’re truly equals then we have
where they’re truly equals then we have
where they’re truly equals then we have to define masculine and feminine much
to define masculine and feminine much
to define masculine and feminine much differently and then we have to get rid
differently and then we have to get rid
differently and then we have to get rid of the stereotypes that we carry around
of the stereotypes that we carry around
of the stereotypes that we carry around every single day but this is really hard
every single day but this is really hard
every single day but this is really hard work and it’s because implicit biases
work and it’s because implicit biases
work and it’s because implicit biases not just invisible it’s deeply imprinted
not just invisible it’s deeply imprinted
not just invisible it’s deeply imprinted in us almost like DNA so it would take a
in us almost like DNA so it would take a
in us almost like DNA so it would take a very long time to change those biases as
very long time to change those biases as
very long time to change those biases as well we are all swimming in a culture
well we are all swimming in a culture
well we are all swimming in a culture filled with media messages and TVs and
filled with media messages and TVs and
filled with media messages and TVs and magazines that reinforce this pink and
magazines that reinforce this pink and
magazines that reinforce this pink and blue bias all the time but the good news
blue bias all the time but the good news
blue bias all the time but the good news is there’s a more emerging body of
is there’s a more emerging body of
is there’s a more emerging body of science and it’s called designing for
science and it’s called designing for
science and it’s called designing for equality and I just want to share a few
equality and I just want to share a few
equality and I just want to share a few ideas with you around this the best
ideas with you around this the best
ideas with you around this the best example of designing for equality is the
example of designing for equality is the
example of designing for equality is the Boston Symphony Orchestra and what the
Boston Symphony Orchestra and what the
Boston Symphony Orchestra and what the Boston Symphony Orchestra realized one
Boston Symphony Orchestra realized one
Boston Symphony Orchestra realized one day is they couldn’t attract women they
day is they couldn’t attract women they
day is they couldn’t attract women they didn’t know why what it was they were
didn’t know why what it was they were
didn’t know why what it was they were doing wrong so one day they decided to
doing wrong so one day they decided to
doing wrong so one day they decided to put a huge curtain between the musicians
put a huge curtain between the musicians
put a huge curtain between the musicians who were being interviewed for the
who were being interviewed for the
who were being interviewed for the orchestra and
orchestra and
orchestra and the selection panel and before long they
the selection panel and before long they
the selection panel and before long they had hired a huge number of women the
had hired a huge number of women the
had hired a huge number of women the other one I love to talk about is with
other one I love to talk about is with
other one I love to talk about is with just simply blind resumes which means
just simply blind resumes which means
just simply blind resumes which means you take a resume and you just black out
you take a resume and you just black out
you take a resume and you just black out the name of the person on the top so
the name of the person on the top so
the name of the person on the top so they couldn’t be discriminated against
they couldn’t be discriminated against
they couldn’t be discriminated against but I have three more I want to share
but I have three more I want to share
but I have three more I want to share with you really quickly and that is
with you really quickly and that is
with you really quickly and that is quotas it just simply means holding a
quotas it just simply means holding a
quotas it just simply means holding a seat at the table for women leaving a
seat at the table for women leaving a
seat at the table for women leaving a place open so that they can join the
place open so that they can join the
place open so that they can join the second is actually my secret I think
second is actually my secret I think
second is actually my secret I think this is the solution to gender
this is the solution to gender
this is the solution to gender inequality if you if I were going to put
inequality if you if I were going to put
inequality if you if I were going to put my money there it’s flexible work it
my money there it’s flexible work it
my money there it’s flexible work it just simply means working anywhere
just simply means working anywhere
just simply means working anywhere anytime but the great thing for women is
anytime but the great thing for women is
anytime but the great thing for women is women are the ones who typically do the
women are the ones who typically do the
women are the ones who typically do the housework and raise the children so when
housework and raise the children so when
housework and raise the children so when they leave the workplace and come back
they leave the workplace and come back
they leave the workplace and come back and they suffer severe penalties so
and they suffer severe penalties so
and they suffer severe penalties so flexible work would solve that problem
flexible work would solve that problem
flexible work would solve that problem very quickly and another one is
very quickly and another one is
very quickly and another one is transparent pay which I think by just
transparent pay which I think by just
transparent pay which I think by just disclosing what you earn we could end
disclosing what you earn we could end
disclosing what you earn we could end the gender pay gap tomorrow not only
the gender pay gap tomorrow not only
the gender pay gap tomorrow not only that but would really help us understand
that but would really help us understand
that but would really help us understand why we pay certain jumps more than
why we pay certain jumps more than
why we pay certain jumps more than others so I often think back of that
others so I often think back of that
others so I often think back of that fateful night when that young man walked
fateful night when that young man walked
fateful night when that young man walked across the stage and told me and 200
across the stage and told me and 200
across the stage and told me and 200 other women that we were doing
other women that we were doing
other women that we were doing everything wrong in fact I’m standing
everything wrong in fact I’m standing
everything wrong in fact I’m standing here today because of him because I
here today because of him because I
here today because of him because I don’t want my daughters I don’t want
don’t want my daughters I don’t want
don’t want my daughters I don’t want your daughters I don’t want any woman in
your daughters I don’t want any woman in
your daughters I don’t want any woman in the world to feel like she’s not quite
the world to feel like she’s not quite
the world to feel like she’s not quite good enough so what can you do today
good enough so what can you do today
good enough so what can you do today number one we must stop asking women to
number one we must stop asking women to
number one we must stop asking women to lean in we must instead focus on the
lean in we must instead focus on the
lean in we must instead focus on the very real barriers identified in the
very real barriers identified in the
very real barriers identified in the research number two we must all admit
research number two we must all admit
research number two we must all admit that we are biased and challenge those
that we are biased and challenge those
that we are biased and challenge those biases every single day and third men
biases every single day and third men
biases every single day and third men and women if you really want an equal
and women if you really want an equal
and women if you really want an equal society not just gender equality if you
society not just gender equality if you
society not just gender equality if you really want that you have to come
really want that you have to come
really want that you have to come together we have to come together step
together we have to come together step
together we have to come together step outside of our boxes put down our
outside of our boxes put down our
outside of our boxes put down our differences because we are all
differences because we are all
differences because we are all casualties of our limited thing
casualties of our limited thing
casualties of our limited thing King and the next time you get the
King and the next time you get the
King and the next time you get the delight and honor and privilege to hold
delight and honor and privilege to hold
delight and honor and privilege to hold a baby in your arms they whether it’s a
a baby in your arms they whether it’s a
a baby in your arms they whether it’s a boy or a girl
boy or a girl
boy or a girl you just simply have to say you are
you just simply have to say you are
you just simply have to say you are amazing thank you very much
amazing thank you very much
amazing thank you very much [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] you
you
you [Applause]
”
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