we all love elephants don’t we is that a yes but what does an elephant mean to us
yes but what does an elephant mean to us
yes but what does an elephant mean to us for some they might mean large bodied
for some they might mean large bodied
for some they might mean large bodied mammals who are arranging free and wild
mammals who are arranging free and wild
mammals who are arranging free and wild in pristine forested areas beautiful to
in pristine forested areas beautiful to
in pristine forested areas beautiful to be photograph for others they could be
be photograph for others they could be
be photograph for others they could be pests feeding from crops that are
pests feeding from crops that are
pests feeding from crops that are painstakingly grown for some others they
painstakingly grown for some others they
painstakingly grown for some others they could be the embodiment of Lord Ganesha
could be the embodiment of Lord Ganesha
could be the embodiment of Lord Ganesha himself but if you ask a biologist and
himself but if you ask a biologist and
himself but if you ask a biologist and elephant biologist like me trying to
elephant biologist like me trying to
elephant biologist like me trying to understand human and elephant
understand human and elephant
understand human and elephant interaction over the last 10 years I
interaction over the last 10 years I
interaction over the last 10 years I would wonder what the elephant might
would wonder what the elephant might
would wonder what the elephant might think of us humans in the Anthropocene a
think of us humans in the Anthropocene a
think of us humans in the Anthropocene a geological age that we are living in now
geological age that we are living in now
geological age that we are living in now where the human impact on vile animal
where the human impact on vile animal
where the human impact on vile animal and elephants not being an exception has
and elephants not being an exception has
and elephants not being an exception has been immense what might be an elephants
been immense what might be an elephants
been immense what might be an elephants be thinking of us increasing
be thinking of us increasing
be thinking of us increasing anthropogenic activities and pleasures
anthropogenic activities and pleasures
anthropogenic activities and pleasures on shared resources between humans and
on shared resources between humans and
on shared resources between humans and elephants has brought elephants ever
elephants has brought elephants ever
elephants has brought elephants ever closer to us to an extent where
closer to us to an extent where
closer to us to an extent where elephants are today seen very close to
elephants are today seen very close to
elephants are today seen very close to urban habitats this is a highway that
urban habitats this is a highway that
urban habitats this is a highway that you see you can see trucks moving it’s 2
you see you can see trucks moving it’s 2
you see you can see trucks moving it’s 2 a.m. in the morning and soon you will
a.m. in the morning and soon you will
a.m. in the morning and soon you will meet one of the individual elephants
meet one of the individual elephants
meet one of the individual elephants that I study meet Harris Don Heather
that I study meet Harris Don Heather
that I study meet Harris Don Heather here means King estas knowledge and
here means King estas knowledge and
here means King estas knowledge and orders Cuba for me Harris tar is a 21st
orders Cuba for me Harris tar is a 21st
orders Cuba for me Harris tar is a 21st century elephant he knows how to open
century elephant he knows how to open
century elephant he knows how to open gates
he can also probably perceive and assess
he can also probably perceive and assess the level of threat the human being
the level of threat the human being
the level of threat the human being posed to him and he was calm he was
posed to him and he was calm he was
posed to him and he was calm he was relaxed he didn’t attack unprovoked he
relaxed he didn’t attack unprovoked he
relaxed he didn’t attack unprovoked he also knows that he has to look right
also knows that he has to look right
also knows that he has to look right while crossing the road
while crossing the road
while crossing the road that’s the four-lane highway and
that’s the four-lane highway and
that’s the four-lane highway and elephants do this but it’s not all
elephants do this but it’s not all
elephants do this but it’s not all hunky-dory it’s not easy for elephants
hunky-dory it’s not easy for elephants
hunky-dory it’s not easy for elephants living alongside humans and human
living alongside humans and human
living alongside humans and human dominated landscapes and most often the
dominated landscapes and most often the
dominated landscapes and most often the end is not very happy this is her star
end is not very happy this is her star
end is not very happy this is her star the same elephant that you saw crossing
the same elephant that you saw crossing
the same elephant that you saw crossing the highway being held captive he was
the highway being held captive he was
the highway being held captive he was captured and taken his mistake that he
captured and taken his mistake that he
captured and taken his mistake that he was roaming around in human dominated
was roaming around in human dominated
was roaming around in human dominated landscape where the potential conflict
landscape where the potential conflict
landscape where the potential conflict between humans and elephants ‘as in Metz
between humans and elephants ‘as in Metz
between humans and elephants ‘as in Metz so the question we asked today is how
so the question we asked today is how
so the question we asked today is how are we breaking an elephant in today as
are we breaking an elephant in today as
are we breaking an elephant in today as well and why should we care at all I
well and why should we care at all I
well and why should we care at all I think we should care because I believe
think we should care because I believe
think we should care because I believe that elephants very similar to us humans
that elephants very similar to us humans
that elephants very similar to us humans are sentient beings let me show you how
are sentient beings let me show you how
are sentient beings let me show you how we use camera traps to study
we use camera traps to study
we use camera traps to study distribution and movement of elephants
distribution and movement of elephants
distribution and movement of elephants in human dominated areas think of a
in human dominated areas think of a
in human dominated areas think of a camera trap as a device that is tied to
camera trap as a device that is tied to
camera trap as a device that is tied to a tree whenever there is movement of an
a tree whenever there is movement of an
a tree whenever there is movement of an animal in front of the camera trap the
animal in front of the camera trap the
animal in front of the camera trap the camera takes a photograph recently our
camera takes a photograph recently our
camera takes a photograph recently our camera traps were visited by a group of
camera traps were visited by a group of
camera traps were visited by a group of young boys from the local village and
young boys from the local village and
young boys from the local village and this is what what they did there was one
this is what what they did there was one
this is what what they did there was one boy second third they were curious they
boy second third they were curious they
boy second third they were curious they came very close and looked at the camera
came very close and looked at the camera
came very close and looked at the camera they went back came back with another
they went back came back with another
they went back came back with another young friend
young friend
young friend he seemed aggressive maybe the dominant
he seemed aggressive maybe the dominant
he seemed aggressive maybe the dominant of the whole individual of the whole
of the whole individual of the whole
of the whole individual of the whole gang see heaps pointing the finger at
gang see heaps pointing the finger at
gang see heaps pointing the finger at the camera probably saying oh I’ve
the camera probably saying oh I’ve
the camera probably saying oh I’ve noticed these researchers a lesson today
noticed these researchers a lesson today
noticed these researchers a lesson today so they go back and come and perform a
so they go back and come and perform a
so they go back and come and perform a dance in front of the camera
dance in front of the camera
dance in front of the camera well how different our elephants meet
well how different our elephants meet
well how different our elephants meet Tintin his named Tintin because his
Tintin his named Tintin because his
Tintin his named Tintin because his tusks are curved upwards like the hair
tusks are curved upwards like the hair
tusks are curved upwards like the hair of Tintin this is the first time Tintin
of Tintin this is the first time Tintin
of Tintin this is the first time Tintin is front of this camera the camera is
is front of this camera the camera is
is front of this camera the camera is placed at a point where Tintin crosses
placed at a point where Tintin crosses
placed at a point where Tintin crosses over to the crop field so as soon as
over to the crop field so as soon as
over to the crop field so as soon as Tintin has come in front of the camera
Tintin has come in front of the camera
Tintin has come in front of the camera woke up took a photograph with a flash
woke up took a photograph with a flash
woke up took a photograph with a flash this is at night this must have reminded
this is at night this must have reminded
this is at night this must have reminded Tintin of the torch lights that farmers
Tintin of the torch lights that farmers
Tintin of the torch lights that farmers used to chase elephants away from crop
used to chase elephants away from crop
used to chase elephants away from crop fields and his response was obvious he
fields and his response was obvious he
fields and his response was obvious he turned back and started running but
turned back and started running but
turned back and started running but something different happened the flash
something different happened the flash
something different happened the flash and the torchlight was not accompanied
and the torchlight was not accompanied
and the torchlight was not accompanied by bursting crackers or people shouting
by bursting crackers or people shouting
by bursting crackers or people shouting and chasing behind an elephant so he
and chasing behind an elephant so he
and chasing behind an elephant so he turned back to find out what’s happening
turned back to find out what’s happening
turned back to find out what’s happening he’s blind in the right eye he can only
he’s blind in the right eye he can only
he’s blind in the right eye he can only see with his left so he takes a better
see with his left so he takes a better
see with his left so he takes a better look from his left eye he’s not
look from his left eye he’s not
look from his left eye he’s not convinced you can see him shifting his
convinced you can see him shifting his
convinced you can see him shifting his weight from one leg to another and
weight from one leg to another and
weight from one leg to another and that’s ambi violent behavior in
that’s ambi violent behavior in
that’s ambi violent behavior in elephants he’s still not convinced so he
elephants he’s still not convinced so he
elephants he’s still not convinced so he goes to the other side takes closer look
goes to the other side takes closer look
goes to the other side takes closer look at the camera from the left leg goes
at the camera from the left leg goes
at the camera from the left leg goes back still not convinced chunk in the
back still not convinced chunk in the
back still not convinced chunk in the mouth again an ambivalent behavior he’s
mouth again an ambivalent behavior he’s
mouth again an ambivalent behavior he’s thinking trying to figure out what is
thinking trying to figure out what is
thinking trying to figure out what is this alien thing that’s is there in my
this alien thing that’s is there in my
this alien thing that’s is there in my home right now he comes back he seems
home right now he comes back he seems
home right now he comes back he seems more relaxed after a while he’s probably
more relaxed after a while he’s probably
more relaxed after a while he’s probably things okay I know there’s something but
things okay I know there’s something but
things okay I know there’s something but it may not be a trait so I’ll move on
it may not be a trait so I’ll move on
it may not be a trait so I’ll move on because I need to go out and feed on
because I need to go out and feed on
because I need to go out and feed on cups so he goes and note the date it’s
cups so he goes and note the date it’s
cups so he goes and note the date it’s 5/7 2016 the next day a young associate
5/7 2016 the next day a young associate
5/7 2016 the next day a young associate of his PT junior comes to the exact same
of his PT junior comes to the exact same
of his PT junior comes to the exact same camera his response is very similar he
camera his response is very similar he
camera his response is very similar he goes back turns around on things that
goes back turns around on things that
goes back turns around on things that it’s okay and he moves a few days later
it’s okay and he moves a few days later
it’s okay and he moves a few days later three days to be precise
three days to be precise
three days to be precise both the elephants come in front of the
both the elephants come in front of the
both the elephants come in front of the camera it’s Tintin and Petey jr. there
camera it’s Tintin and Petey jr. there
camera it’s Tintin and Petey jr. there they seem to be trying to figure out
they seem to be trying to figure out
they seem to be trying to figure out what’s there they even come and touch
what’s there they even come and touch
what’s there they even come and touch the camera just like the young
the camera just like the young
the camera just like the young aggressive dominant young boy showing
aggressive dominant young boy showing
aggressive dominant young boy showing his finger but luckily they didn’t
his finger but luckily they didn’t
his finger but luckily they didn’t damage it again
damage it again
damage it again Petey jr. is touching his faith as this
Petey jr. is touching his faith as this
Petey jr. is touching his faith as this face with its trunk which is ambivalent
face with its trunk which is ambivalent
face with its trunk which is ambivalent behavior they seem to have a small
behavior they seem to have a small
behavior they seem to have a small discussion and decided that it’s all
discussion and decided that it’s all
discussion and decided that it’s all okay we know that this device or
okay we know that this device or
okay we know that this device or whatever the object is there it’s not
whatever the object is there it’s not
whatever the object is there it’s not harming us so they go back but every
harming us so they go back but every
harming us so they go back but every time they come back along this route and
time they come back along this route and
time they come back along this route and see the camera they make eye contact
see the camera they make eye contact
see the camera they make eye contact with the camera they see if it’s there
with the camera they see if it’s there
with the camera they see if it’s there didn’t
didn’t
didn’t come I can a closer look Peter jr. comes
come I can a closer look Peter jr. comes
come I can a closer look Peter jr. comes closer takes a closer look and then they
closer takes a closer look and then they
closer takes a closer look and then they mourn what does this tell us about
mourn what does this tell us about
mourn what does this tell us about elephants elephants are extremely
elephants elephants are extremely
elephants elephants are extremely intelligent beings in a rapidly changing
intelligent beings in a rapidly changing
intelligent beings in a rapidly changing landscape elephants need to update their
landscape elephants need to update their
landscape elephants need to update their mental model of reality all the time in
mental model of reality all the time in
mental model of reality all the time in order to survive in what other ways are
order to survive in what other ways are
order to survive in what other ways are the similar it was their group living
the similar it was their group living
the similar it was their group living and highly social beings in fact in
and highly social beings in fact in
and highly social beings in fact in elephant societies it’s the oldest
elephant societies it’s the oldest
elephant societies it’s the oldest female that takes decisions and leads
female that takes decisions and leads
female that takes decisions and leads the herd the young males around the age
the herd the young males around the age
the herd the young males around the age of 10 to 15 years dispersed from the
of 10 to 15 years dispersed from the
of 10 to 15 years dispersed from the natal group to avoid inbreeding and they
natal group to avoid inbreeding and they
natal group to avoid inbreeding and they move out to rather live a very salty
move out to rather live a very salty
move out to rather live a very salty life thereafter an elephant lives up to
life thereafter an elephant lives up to
life thereafter an elephant lives up to 70 years but what has happened to their
70 years but what has happened to their
70 years but what has happened to their habitat and what have we done to their
habitat and what have we done to their
habitat and what have we done to their habitat within the span of the 70 years
habitat within the span of the 70 years
habitat within the span of the 70 years they’ve lost nearly 70 percent of the
they’ve lost nearly 70 percent of the
they’ve lost nearly 70 percent of the habitat what does it mean it means that
habitat what does it mean it means that
habitat what does it mean it means that elephants are in constant conflict with
elephants are in constant conflict with
elephants are in constant conflict with people in India alone every year about
people in India alone every year about
people in India alone every year about 400 human lives and about hundred 50
400 human lives and about hundred 50
400 human lives and about hundred 50 elephants succumb to this conflict
elephants succumb to this conflict
elephants succumb to this conflict so the rapid and large-scale land use
so the rapid and large-scale land use
so the rapid and large-scale land use change has left a lot of our elephants
change has left a lot of our elephants
change has left a lot of our elephants homeless so what do we see today today
homeless so what do we see today today
homeless so what do we see today today we see elephants like this being coerced
we see elephants like this being coerced
we see elephants like this being coerced across crop fields large hurts you don’t
across crop fields large hurts you don’t
across crop fields large hurts you don’t see forests there you see open crop
see forests there you see open crop
see forests there you see open crop fields and in these groups you can also
fields and in these groups you can also
fields and in these groups you can also see young calves that are born in a
see young calves that are born in a
see young calves that are born in a conflict area they’re living there
conflict area they’re living there
conflict area they’re living there they’re growing up there imagine what
they’re growing up there imagine what
they’re growing up there imagine what could what these young elephants may be
could what these young elephants may be
could what these young elephants may be thinking for them growing up conflict is
thinking for them growing up conflict is
thinking for them growing up conflict is a norm it’s like your child and my child
a norm it’s like your child and my child
a norm it’s like your child and my child growing up in a city like Bangalore
growing up in a city like Bangalore
growing up in a city like Bangalore traffic becomes enormous for a while
traffic becomes enormous for a while
traffic becomes enormous for a while it’s there it’s part of daily life but
it’s there it’s part of daily life but
it’s there it’s part of daily life but it’s very difficult for elephants
it’s very difficult for elephants
it’s very difficult for elephants especially young ones to live and
especially young ones to live and
especially young ones to live and survive in such landscapes because it’s
survive in such landscapes because it’s
survive in such landscapes because it’s a high risk so they have two options one
a high risk so they have two options one
a high risk so they have two options one is that they learn through trial and
is that they learn through trial and
is that they learn through trial and error and this is especially true for
error and this is especially true for
error and this is especially true for young dispersing males like him because
young dispersing males like him because
young dispersing males like him because they need to set out on their own
they need to set out on their own
they need to set out on their own if trial and
if trial and
if trial and it’s done they have to learn all of it
it’s done they have to learn all of it
it’s done they have to learn all of it on their own in the risks are too high
on their own in the risks are too high
on their own in the risks are too high so high that they can get killed one of
so high that they can get killed one of
so high that they can get killed one of our young males tried to cross the
our young males tried to cross the
our young males tried to cross the Bangalore Chennai Highway and was hit by
Bangalore Chennai Highway and was hit by
Bangalore Chennai Highway and was hit by a bus and he died the other option of
a bus and he died the other option of
a bus and he died the other option of course is you could associate yourself
course is you could associate yourself
course is you could associate yourself with another experienced male who’s been
with another experienced male who’s been
with another experienced male who’s been living in this human dominated area he
living in this human dominated area he
living in this human dominated area he knows how to navigate across this
knows how to navigate across this
knows how to navigate across this landscape so let’s go back to Harris
landscape so let’s go back to Harris
landscape so let’s go back to Harris table 20 years ago you see young Harris
table 20 years ago you see young Harris
table 20 years ago you see young Harris thought there to your extreme right
thought there to your extreme right
thought there to your extreme right following an older bull on the life
following an older bull on the life
following an older bull on the life Harris thaw was learning how to navigate
Harris thaw was learning how to navigate
Harris thaw was learning how to navigate this landscape by associating with peer
this landscape by associating with peer
this landscape by associating with peer group members and with older individuals
group members and with older individuals
group members and with older individuals and today you see Hill estar again being
and today you see Hill estar again being
and today you see Hill estar again being a dominant bull on the left a complete
a dominant bull on the left a complete
a dominant bull on the left a complete by two younger males into the same human
by two younger males into the same human
by two younger males into the same human dominate area where he was twenty years
dominate area where he was twenty years
dominate area where he was twenty years ago and at one point you will see here
ago and at one point you will see here
ago and at one point you will see here estas slowing down and he takes his
estas slowing down and he takes his
estas slowing down and he takes his fifth right and the young males follow
fifth right and the young males follow
fifth right and the young males follow so the older bulls are extremely
so the older bulls are extremely
so the older bulls are extremely essential in a bull Society and in the
essential in a bull Society and in the
essential in a bull Society and in the elephant population they not just help
elephant population they not just help
elephant population they not just help the younger males how to navigate and
the younger males how to navigate and
the younger males how to navigate and survive in challenging landscapes but
survive in challenging landscapes but
survive in challenging landscapes but also help them be calm and not end up
also help them be calm and not end up
also help them be calm and not end up killing people because of the
killing people because of the
killing people because of the inexperience of the younger bulls the
inexperience of the younger bulls the
inexperience of the younger bulls the older builds have a calming effect on
older builds have a calming effect on
older builds have a calming effect on the younger males which can avoid deaths
the younger males which can avoid deaths
the younger males which can avoid deaths so males develop a strategy when we
so males develop a strategy when we
so males develop a strategy when we change their homes home range modified
change their homes home range modified
change their homes home range modified it from a forested area to a non
it from a forested area to a non
it from a forested area to a non forested one the young males decided
forested one the young males decided
forested one the young males decided that they have to band together in order
that they have to band together in order
that they have to band together in order to survive in such a landscape that’s
to survive in such a landscape that’s
to survive in such a landscape that’s what they know so we broke them at one
what they know so we broke them at one
what they know so we broke them at one point but they showed us that they were
point but they showed us that they were
point but they showed us that they were unbreakable thanks to their behavioral
unbreakable thanks to their behavioral
unbreakable thanks to their behavioral plasticity so we study elephants
plasticity so we study elephants
plasticity so we study elephants especially these males during the day
especially these males during the day
especially these males during the day and at night we observe how they
and at night we observe how they
and at night we observe how they interact with one another
interact with one another
interact with one another who do they associate with what are they
who do they associate with what are they
who do they associate with what are they time activity budgets and how we can
time activity budgets and how we can
time activity budgets and how we can actually inform in management in
actually inform in management in
actually inform in management in reducing and/or mitigating conflict
reducing and/or mitigating conflict
reducing and/or mitigating conflict this has become a common sight now young
this has become a common sight now young
this has become a common sight now young males and other elephants being caused
males and other elephants being caused
males and other elephants being caused and chased across crop fields you see
and chased across crop fields you see
and chased across crop fields you see five young males here who being changed
five young males here who being changed
five young males here who being changed into a forested area during the day so
into a forested area during the day so
into a forested area during the day so they get older over time but like I said
they get older over time but like I said
they get older over time but like I said it’s risky a number of the young males
it’s risky a number of the young males
it’s risky a number of the young males that we were studying started dying of
that we were studying started dying of
that we were studying started dying of electrocution of accidents they were
electrocution of accidents they were
electrocution of accidents they were shot by irate farmers it was not just
shot by irate farmers it was not just
shot by irate farmers it was not just elephants who were getting killed it
elephants who were getting killed it
elephants who were getting killed it with people – a number of human deaths
with people – a number of human deaths
with people – a number of human deaths happen and a lot of it was because the
happen and a lot of it was because the
happen and a lot of it was because the elephant was scared when it encountered
elephant was scared when it encountered
elephant was scared when it encountered a person they didn’t know how to respond
a person they didn’t know how to respond
a person they didn’t know how to respond because all the males such as their star
because all the males such as their star
because all the males such as their star were not there they were taken off so
were not there they were taken off so
were not there they were taken off so modification of behavior and adaptation
modification of behavior and adaptation
modification of behavior and adaptation to an urbanizing landscape in elephants
to an urbanizing landscape in elephants
to an urbanizing landscape in elephants has its cost both social and personal
has its cost both social and personal
has its cost both social and personal and here is prob we paid the ultimate
and here is prob we paid the ultimate
and here is prob we paid the ultimate price he was kept in captivity and being
price he was kept in captivity and being
price he was kept in captivity and being in captivity is no easy it’s a very
in captivity is no easy it’s a very
in captivity is no easy it’s a very difficult situation to be in and it’s
difficult situation to be in and it’s
difficult situation to be in and it’s really not for the faint-hearted life in
really not for the faint-hearted life in
really not for the faint-hearted life in captivity at least in the early
captivity at least in the early
captivity at least in the early interaction period between the mahute
interaction period between the mahute
interaction period between the mahute and the elephant is all about
and the elephant is all about
and the elephant is all about establishing dominance it’s about power
establishing dominance it’s about power
establishing dominance it’s about power equation but I interacted with the male
equation but I interacted with the male
equation but I interacted with the male elephants – in elephant camps trying to
elephants – in elephant camps trying to
elephants – in elephant camps trying to figure out how this relationship works
figure out how this relationship works
figure out how this relationship works let me show this to you again with an
let me show this to you again with an
let me show this to you again with an example here is a old male who had who’s
example here is a old male who had who’s
example here is a old male who had who’s and must and he has his mahute with him
and must and he has his mahute with him
and must and he has his mahute with him and you see that the interaction is very
and you see that the interaction is very
and you see that the interaction is very calm and peaceful he even picks up his
calm and peaceful he even picks up his
calm and peaceful he even picks up his own chain and go and here you see
own chain and go and here you see
own chain and go and here you see another male elephant of the same age in
another male elephant of the same age in
another male elephant of the same age in must again experienced male with an
must again experienced male with an
must again experienced male with an experienced Maho and you see the
experienced Maho and you see the
experienced Maho and you see the interaction to be one which is
interaction to be one which is
interaction to be one which is aggressive
so what was the difference between the
so what was the difference between the two interactions it was just time spent
two interactions it was just time spent
two interactions it was just time spent together an interaction which moves from
together an interaction which moves from
together an interaction which moves from being a dominance interaction between
being a dominance interaction between
being a dominance interaction between the two individuals towards a more
the two individuals towards a more
the two individuals towards a more associative affiliative interaction and
associative affiliative interaction and
associative affiliative interaction and this requires time who doesn’t all of us
this requires time who doesn’t all of us
this requires time who doesn’t all of us do need time and elephants currently in
do need time and elephants currently in
do need time and elephants currently in today’s scenario need that time and
today’s scenario need that time and
today’s scenario need that time and space to adapt to the changes that we
space to adapt to the changes that we
space to adapt to the changes that we are making in their home harris-stowe
are making in their home harris-stowe
are making in their home harris-stowe is today in an elephant camp only time
is today in an elephant camp only time
is today in an elephant camp only time will tell if he will associate with his
will tell if he will associate with his
will tell if he will associate with his new Mahad will he actually still
new Mahad will he actually still
new Mahad will he actually still remember his past or will he look
remember his past or will he look
remember his past or will he look forward to another future with
forward to another future with
forward to another future with interacting with humans I’d like to end
interacting with humans I’d like to end
interacting with humans I’d like to end leaving you with just two points that
leaving you with just two points that
leaving you with just two points that you can take home one every time that
you can take home one every time that
you can take home one every time that you see an elephant in chain or in
you see an elephant in chain or in
you see an elephant in chain or in captivity do remember that it has a dark
captivity do remember that it has a dark
captivity do remember that it has a dark past a past that should remind us of the
past a past that should remind us of the
past a past that should remind us of the hegemonic relationship that we share not
hegemonic relationship that we share not
hegemonic relationship that we share not only with the elephants but a lot of
only with the elephants but a lot of
only with the elephants but a lot of other living beings around us the second
other living beings around us the second
other living beings around us the second and probably a very important one a
and probably a very important one a
and probably a very important one a lesson learned from elephants is that
lesson learned from elephants is that
lesson learned from elephants is that every time we try breaking them they
every time we try breaking them they
every time we try breaking them they showed us that they could rise with the
showed us that they could rise with the
showed us that they could rise with the help of behavioral plasticity maybe it’s
help of behavioral plasticity maybe it’s
help of behavioral plasticity maybe it’s time for us humans also to show some
time for us humans also to show some
time for us humans also to show some behavioral plasticity – towards
behavioral plasticity – towards
behavioral plasticity – towards elephants maybe it’s time we have
elephants maybe it’s time we have
elephants maybe it’s time we have lifestyles that are more compatible with
lifestyles that are more compatible with
lifestyles that are more compatible with elephant use of the area thank you
elephant use of the area thank you
elephant use of the area thank you [Applause]
”
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