skeptical and that’s how it should be
otherwise we would be listening
every day at all times results
of impressive technological advances
we would be listening to big
discoveries presented by
scientists from all over the world
with the help of the internet and networks
social
we would be flooded with this type of in
of large ads
however science is not done like that
we form work commissions
to analyze everything that the being produces
human we ask ourselves firstly if
it is something serious what the person is
presenting the research group
is presenting
obviously one raises and the
calculations that result in these large
innovations are are correct and
seductive calculation we ask whether the
working hypotheses were well
raised and a very important thing that
it is an essential part of the method
scientific
we wonder if this is being
announcing is repeatable
the fact that the
discovery that is presented should be
repeatable not only by
people who are making the announcement
but by other independent groups
this is an important part of what
which means a scientific breakthrough and
finally we see if there is a
Original 912 contributions regularly
the people who do science
wants has its purpose has as
dream go down in history for their
contributions but we the
referees
the scientific community should do that
type of approaches
even though it has already been done
much about it happens in some
cases where the where agreements
that they are taking give us good
accommodated the results are not so so
chords to al to what we know
normally yes and despite that
appear the ads some of
they failed as what happened does
some years three years ago
exactly where a laboratory
Italian announced with bass drums and cymbals
which they had particles had
found particles that traveled to
a speed greater than light
this breaks the first principle of the
special retreat of anstein and it was a
result that occurred in one of the
more research centers
important in the world and the community
scientific stayed on things after
of several months of analysis of
review of what I was presenting
fortunately the same group of
work withdrew its result
this is part of science
despite the jobs we have for
to check for to perform for
check what we do not have that kind of
failed ads always reaches
happen then we must be
cautious
this is the mathematical symbol of
the particle called neutrino that is
an electrically neutral particle and
that recently by the way a
result if valid and has recognized
have more then air and we
we see at the crossroads of caring
that the results are confirmed
take care that everything is well prepared
so that we accept something as an advance
scientist but we see ourselves with the
problem of not being so strict and
have restricted are closed to not
accept that at some point they can
appear really advances
extraordinary
we must have an intellectual openness
let us accept to incorporate the
new ideas science here is ideas
those results that break
paradigms and some that even do
approaches so revolutionary that
they completely change the world today
in day we are working in
a situation where everything is due
check if that attitude that attitude
sometimes skeptical careful
also it prevents results as already
I said it and revolutionaries who give to the
wait to be corroborated for example
this this case of an astronomer of
syria payne that he proposed in his thesis
doctoral already in his doctoral thesis as
student proposed for the first time in the
story that the stars were
made mainly of hydrogen and
this was a very proposal
risky it took several years in
that his own synods of the
university of cambridge will accept it and
after it was achieved it was accepted
indeed there was a
outstanding contribution and this thesis
doctoral is an example of a job
novelty made by a scientist in
budding but it took the community in
accept work
another one of the results that are very
relevant and who suffered the same
kind of problem is what the
asian scientist shenyang and the
American mls published in the middle of the
last century and quantifies theoretical in a
theme related to the theories of
norms that are now called theories
of yankee mis and that the community took
more than 20 years to accept that the
modern theory of particles
elementals needed this
ingredient to complete one of the
most fundamental properties of the
matter
now we recently celebrated 60 years
of the appearance of that work and these
gentlemen are really very famous in the
in the area but again the reserve of the
and of the scientific society and made
it will take some years in
quickly incorporate their jobs
but we also have to be cautious
so as not to fall into these ads
failed and this brings me to the subject
essential of the practice that is in the
which means the well-known saying of
see to believe in the current era
now our view not only uses and
what the human eye b but all the
our electromagnetic spectrum
beliefs are already very sophisticated
Our credibility criteria are
quite tall
then he and see to believe
It has a pretty modern component
sophisticated especially because we have
as you know universities of
world class
we have research centers
really impressive with
renowned scientists yes with
technologists who make patents that
they carry out works in the area
technological that are novel and that
soon they are reflected in in products
commercial
what we use on a daily basis and this creates this
makes our our situation
current
our current moment have a one
really really important moment
we are in a stage where what in
where a human being is gaining ground
the unknown in a dizzying way
if it is this dynamic has made it not
you find what for example in the case
of medical medicine
he is very famous this is a famous the
situation of the scientist william
black that at the beginning of the last century
at the beginning of 1904 even before
that I would establish the mechanics
quantum will explain that nuclei
Atoms behave differently than
light when it goes through matter there is a there
an effect that is called the peak of brac
which tells us that when the atoms
they penetrate the human race
the amb the first stage of penetration
it is practically imperceptible and in a
moment you deposit all the energy
what this fact appeared
basic fundamental that appeared to
early in the century he noticed a
American named Robert Wilson
He noted that this effect could be applied
to medicine
He began collaborating with its
colleagues and in the 70s he had the
first machine that used the effect of
peak break to try to eliminate
cancerous tumors in the body and already
now in the century in this century that
we live we have different centers of
hospitals research very
renowned that occupy what is called
proton therapy and that is one of
these
most effective girls for the attack of
Cancer
I’m talking about a one sentence
fundamental that started at the beginning of
century and at the end of the last century it
is already expanding as a technique
everyday to solve a problem in
this moment in the current era
things are completely different
we have the fundamental results
appear with their applications in no more
ten years
this makes that our society
step forward by leaps and bounds and
so we must be very
attentive from our very attentive and
we must also observe that there is
contributions
still at that time so fundamental
like those that proposed peter higgs and
his collaborators in the middle of the century
past also where they explain
in a fundamental abstract theoretical way
like the elementary particles
acquire in mass had to
Accelerator machines developed
Very sophisticated particles machines
like the ones we have in Geneva
Switzerland
the large hadron collider that in
2009 went to work and then
of three years of operation
he amazed us by showing how to do
colliding protons against protons was
possible to produce the so-called particle
of higgs that immediately decays in a
pair of buttons and that confirmed what
Almost 50 years ago he proposed
and in the centers of
European research
this fact became well known is one
of the most important impacts that
had the current crisis and then we are
enjoying this but as he hicks
it is a subatomic particle
practically expendable
there are other well-known phenomena
very studied as the cosmic rays
that are nothing more than
particles that eject the stars
who travel many years something along
of interstellar space come to the
earth to sep to the atmosphere
terrestrial impact material from 2 to 13
they break the molecules into what they are
part of the atmosphere and produce a
particle block that we
we detect with with our detectors
of particles
this fact is practically
imperceptible is really invisible the
the people do not know that for example
that if I put my hand here in shape
horizontal and he left it like that for a goal
less than one minute
they pass through more than 150 mont is my
hand
so I’ll notice if I stay
here stopped or I move in any
part of the earth for an hour I
they go through more than more than 20,000 mones
per hour
and through my body and brain
my heart and I do not perceive this
is mainly related to the
fact that the monks are particles
extremely small particles
subatomic that interact
weakly with matter and not the
we see
obviously then what do we do to
make perceptible the invisible that
to make tangible what we do not
notorious
then here in the meritorious
Autonomous University of Puebla with
researchers designed a way to
make notice not noticeable and they called him
to this pact the cosmic piano that is not
something other than a detector
particles that produces light and sound
when a
particle that comes from the result of
collisions of cosmic rays with with
the atmosphere if they hit the ground
and precisely because of an earthquake and a system
electronic are able to make cepeja
yes that we do not have this this
shock is in principle imperceptible and
we even have the luxury of creating
cosmic music music
even here precisely in this
university there are young musicians who
are using this idea to produce
including symphonies and incorporate the
economic plan to one to one symphony
this is the cosmic piano that there is already
has gone around the
world and that had its climax in a
European music festival
the title of this presentation was the
visit the music or music of the
physics was presented at a festival
called amount jazz festival in switzerland and
with our acoustic piano and the help
from a professional pianist called
al butler we put the piano to work
and each time a particle impacts
some of those lightning detectors
cosmic light flashes
and sound and doomed the carousel music
humanist
[Music]
in this way some scientists do
this this brings me to the final part of
the talk saying two things one that
we must use our sight
we must be very attentive to capture what
what is really important to us
we must and even raise our
credibility criteria so that
our society is better and we have a
better performance in our life many
times
”
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