[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] I was so excited when I was invited to
I was so excited when I was invited to
I was so excited when I was invited to give this TEDx talk and then I was told
give this TEDx talk and then I was told
give this TEDx talk and then I was told the topic immigration
the topic immigration
the topic immigration I’ve lived in South Africa for my whole
I’ve lived in South Africa for my whole
I’ve lived in South Africa for my whole life what could I possibly have to say
life what could I possibly have to say
life what could I possibly have to say about immigration and then I realized
about immigration and then I realized
about immigration and then I realized something many if not the majority of
something many if not the majority of
something many if not the majority of people I interact with on a daily basis
people I interact with on a daily basis
people I interact with on a daily basis see me as an immigrant as someone who
see me as an immigrant as someone who
see me as an immigrant as someone who doesn’t quite belong here the word
doesn’t quite belong here the word
doesn’t quite belong here the word belong has at least two meanings on the
belong has at least two meanings on the
belong has at least two meanings on the one hand it can refer to something being
one hand it can refer to something being
one hand it can refer to something being a property this pin belongs to me I own
a property this pin belongs to me I own
a property this pin belongs to me I own it on the other hand it can refer to
it on the other hand it can refer to
it on the other hand it can refer to being a member of something I’m a member
being a member of something I’m a member
being a member of something I’m a member of the human race I have certain
of the human race I have certain
of the human race I have certain characteristics that allow me to claim
characteristics that allow me to claim
characteristics that allow me to claim membership both implies secure
membership both implies secure
membership both implies secure relationship since I bought the pin I’m
relationship since I bought the pin I’m
relationship since I bought the pin I’m pretty confident that no one can take it
pretty confident that no one can take it
pretty confident that no one can take it away from me without my consent and
away from me without my consent and
away from me without my consent and since last time I checked I had pretty
since last time I checked I had pretty
since last time I checked I had pretty much human characteristics no one can
much human characteristics no one can
much human characteristics no one can say I’m not a member of the human race
say I’m not a member of the human race
say I’m not a member of the human race so in what sense then do I belong here
so in what sense then do I belong here
so in what sense then do I belong here in South Africa
in South Africa
in South Africa Samantha vice philosopher philosophy
Samantha vice philosopher philosophy
Samantha vice philosopher philosophy professor at Wits writes that there is a
professor at Wits writes that there is a
professor at Wits writes that there is a sense that we white South Africans need
sense that we white South Africans need
sense that we white South Africans need to earn our place in a country and a
to earn our place in a country and a
to earn our place in a country and a continent that is simply not ours what
continent that is simply not ours what
continent that is simply not ours what does she mean by this
does she mean by this
does she mean by this in what sense should we understand ours
in what sense should we understand ours
in what sense should we understand ours given the history of whites in the
given the history of whites in the
given the history of whites in the country one might be forgiven for
country one might be forgiven for
country one might be forgiven for thinking that white South Africans think
thinking that white South Africans think
thinking that white South Africans think South Africa belongs to them in the
South Africa belongs to them in the
South Africa belongs to them in the sense of ownership that we own it or at
sense of ownership that we own it or at
sense of ownership that we own it or at least a part of it but that doesn’t feel
least a part of it but that doesn’t feel
least a part of it but that doesn’t feel right so what if we take it to be the
right so what if we take it to be the
right so what if we take it to be the second sense that those who belong in
second sense that those who belong in
second sense that those who belong in South Africa share characteristics well
South Africa share characteristics well
South Africa share characteristics well what are the characteristics that allow
what are the characteristics that allow
what are the characteristics that allow me to say
me to say
me to say not my race in 2011 the census figures
not my race in 2011 the census figures
not my race in 2011 the census figures indicated that whites comprise 8.4
indicated that whites comprise 8.4
indicated that whites comprise 8.4 percent of the total population not my
percent of the total population not my
percent of the total population not my language English is only the fourth most
language English is only the fourth most
language English is only the fourth most common first language in the country
common first language in the country
common first language in the country we’re less than 10% of the population
we’re less than 10% of the population
we’re less than 10% of the population being mother tongue English speakers I
being mother tongue English speakers I
being mother tongue English speakers I have a very clear memory of the first
have a very clear memory of the first
have a very clear memory of the first time I felt I really didn’t belong it
time I felt I really didn’t belong it
time I felt I really didn’t belong it was in 1992 when I went on a school
was in 1992 when I went on a school
was in 1992 when I went on a school outing to see the film Seraphina which
outing to see the film Seraphina which
outing to see the film Seraphina which was Satan’s a waiter in 1976 I was
was Satan’s a waiter in 1976 I was
was Satan’s a waiter in 1976 I was deeply affected by the film and as many
deeply affected by the film and as many
deeply affected by the film and as many angsty teenagers do I wrote a bunch of
angsty teenagers do I wrote a bunch of
angsty teenagers do I wrote a bunch of poems one has stuck in my mind such the
poems one has stuck in my mind such the
poems one has stuck in my mind such the 25 years later I can still remember it I
25 years later I can still remember it I
25 years later I can still remember it I tried to wash away my guilt in the
tried to wash away my guilt in the
tried to wash away my guilt in the shower I scrubbed and scoured my body
shower I scrubbed and scoured my body
shower I scrubbed and scoured my body but the more I scraped the whiter I
but the more I scraped the whiter I
but the more I scraped the whiter I became
I think it’s interesting that gilts was
I think it’s interesting that gilts was my overriding emotion not shocked not
my overriding emotion not shocked not
my overriding emotion not shocked not pity but guilt guilt can occur for a
pity but guilt guilt can occur for a
pity but guilt guilt can occur for a number of reasons a person may feel she
number of reasons a person may feel she
number of reasons a person may feel she has transgressed her own moral code or
has transgressed her own moral code or
has transgressed her own moral code or she may feel she has violated a
she may feel she has violated a
she may feel she has violated a universal moral code and bears some
universal moral code and bears some
universal moral code and bears some responsibility for that violation the
responsibility for that violation the
responsibility for that violation the extent to which I could be said to bear
extent to which I could be said to bear
extent to which I could be said to bear responsibility for the events of 1976
responsibility for the events of 1976
responsibility for the events of 1976 see minimal believe it or not I wasn’t
see minimal believe it or not I wasn’t
see minimal believe it or not I wasn’t born in 1976 moreover I’d been to a
born in 1976 moreover I’d been to a
born in 1976 moreover I’d been to a multiracial primary school and my school
multiracial primary school and my school
multiracial primary school and my school high school opened in 1991 to all races
high school opened in 1991 to all races
high school opened in 1991 to all races so it was really only one year that I
so it was really only one year that I
so it was really only one year that I was in an all-white educational
was in an all-white educational
was in an all-white educational environment and yet I felt so guilty
environment and yet I felt so guilty
environment and yet I felt so guilty Swiss psychoanalyst Carl Jung calling
Swiss psychoanalyst Carl Jung calling
Swiss psychoanalyst Carl Jung calling the term German collective guilt in 1945
the term German collective guilt in 1945
the term German collective guilt in 1945 in an essay in which he argued that
in an essay in which he argued that
in an essay in which he argued that Germans felt a collective guilt for what
Germans felt a collective guilt for what
Germans felt a collective guilt for what had occurred in the Second World War
had occurred in the Second World War
had occurred in the Second World War Jung said collective guilt was for
Jung said collective guilt was for
Jung said collective guilt was for psychologists effect and it will be one
psychologists effect and it will be one
psychologists effect and it will be one of the most important tasks of therapy
of the most important tasks of therapy
of the most important tasks of therapy to bring the Germans to recognize the
to bring the Germans to recognize the
to bring the Germans to recognize the skills Furniture link the author of the
skills Furniture link the author of the
skills Furniture link the author of the reader best-selling post Nazi era novel
reader best-selling post Nazi era novel
reader best-selling post Nazi era novel that has been turned into a film
that has been turned into a film
that has been turned into a film starring Kate Winslet speaks about the
starring Kate Winslet speaks about the
starring Kate Winslet speaks about the extent of collective guilt which
extent of collective guilt which
extent of collective guilt which survives to this day amongst Germans
survives to this day amongst Germans
survives to this day amongst Germans because of the atrocities of the Third
because of the atrocities of the Third
because of the atrocities of the Third Reich shrink argues that contemporary
Reich shrink argues that contemporary
Reich shrink argues that contemporary Germany is still characterized in some
Germany is still characterized in some
Germany is still characterized in some sense by a second guilt the guilt felt
sense by a second guilt the guilt felt
sense by a second guilt the guilt felt by the younger generation for the sins
by the younger generation for the sins
by the younger generation for the sins of the fathers although he believes
of the fathers although he believes
of the fathers although he believes Germany is approaching a guilt free
Germany is approaching a guilt free
Germany is approaching a guilt free period in his words we are not there yet
period in his words we are not there yet
period in his words we are not there yet Schwing who was born a year before the
Schwing who was born a year before the
Schwing who was born a year before the end of the Second World War
end of the Second World War
end of the Second World War said it was in the 1960s when the German
said it was in the 1960s when the German
said it was in the 1960s when the German public first began to reflect openly and
public first began to reflect openly and
public first began to reflect openly and intensively on Nazi crimes and their own
intensively on Nazi crimes and their own
intensively on Nazi crimes and their own moral culpability in those crimes do
moral culpability in those crimes do
moral culpability in those crimes do white South Africans still
white South Africans still
white South Africans still today given what seems to be happening
today given what seems to be happening
today given what seems to be happening in schools restaurants on social media
in schools restaurants on social media
in schools restaurants on social media doesn’t seem like it how did the Germans
doesn’t seem like it how did the Germans
doesn’t seem like it how did the Germans come to recognize they’re guilty one of
come to recognize they’re guilty one of
come to recognize they’re guilty one of the ways was an intensive detoxification
the ways was an intensive detoxification
the ways was an intensive detoxification program that was conducted by the
program that was conducted by the
program that was conducted by the British and American troops after the
British and American troops after the
British and American troops after the war he’s involved posters of
war he’s involved posters of
war he’s involved posters of concentration cats with slogans such as
concentration cats with slogans such as
concentration cats with slogans such as these atrocities your fault
South Africa opted for the TRC
South Africa opted for the TRC the Truth and Reconciliation Commission
the Truth and Reconciliation Commission
the Truth and Reconciliation Commission the former Minister of Justice della
the former Minister of Justice della
the former Minister of Justice della Omar stated that a commission is a
Omar stated that a commission is a
Omar stated that a commission is a necessary exercise to enable South
necessary exercise to enable South
necessary exercise to enable South Africans to come to terms with a past on
Africans to come to terms with a past on
Africans to come to terms with a past on a morally accepted basis and to advance
a morally accepted basis and to advance
a morally accepted basis and to advance the cause of reconciliation many people
the cause of reconciliation many people
the cause of reconciliation many people have argued that the TRC did not achieve
have argued that the TRC did not achieve
have argued that the TRC did not achieve its aims that the reconciliation that
its aims that the reconciliation that
its aims that the reconciliation that appeared to have brought about was very
appeared to have brought about was very
appeared to have brought about was very superficial this does seem to be the
superficial this does seem to be the
superficial this does seem to be the case cracks in the rainbow nation are
case cracks in the rainbow nation are
case cracks in the rainbow nation are appearing and widened with every use of
appearing and widened with every use of
appearing and widened with every use of the K word with every comparison to
the K word with every comparison to
the K word with every comparison to monkeys with every comment about these
monkeys with every comment about these
monkeys with every comment about these people it’s as if we’ve lost the
people it’s as if we’ve lost the
people it’s as if we’ve lost the self-control we all adopted in the first
self-control we all adopted in the first
self-control we all adopted in the first few years post apartheid as if we were
few years post apartheid as if we were
few years post apartheid as if we were all on our best behavior in front of the
all on our best behavior in front of the
all on our best behavior in front of the adults and then the adults left the room
adults and then the adults left the room
adults and then the adults left the room and all hell broke loose with the death
and all hell broke loose with the death
and all hell broke loose with the death of Madiba came the death of self
of Madiba came the death of self
of Madiba came the death of self regulation and impulse control why is
regulation and impulse control why is
regulation and impulse control why is this well evidence suggests that a lack
this well evidence suggests that a lack
this well evidence suggests that a lack of belongingness inhibits people’s
of belongingness inhibits people’s
of belongingness inhibits people’s ability to self-regulate this would
ability to self-regulate this would
ability to self-regulate this would suggest that as white South Africans
suggest that as white South Africans
suggest that as white South Africans feel less and less like they belong here
feel less and less like they belong here
feel less and less like they belong here so their impulse control and
so their impulse control and
so their impulse control and self-regulation decreases but I wonder
self-regulation decreases but I wonder
self-regulation decreases but I wonder if it doesn’t work the other way that
if it doesn’t work the other way that
if it doesn’t work the other way that maybe a lack of
maybe a lack of
maybe a lack of ability to self-regulate decreases an
ability to self-regulate decreases an
ability to self-regulate decreases an ability to belong if we as whites once
ability to belong if we as whites once
ability to belong if we as whites once you belong to be considered by black
you belong to be considered by black
you belong to be considered by black South Africans as belonging then we need
South Africans as belonging then we need
South Africans as belonging then we need to learn that it’s not just sticks and
to learn that it’s not just sticks and
to learn that it’s not just sticks and stones that break bones words do very
stones that break bones words do very
stones that break bones words do very real harm to in 1999 a report by the
real harm to in 1999 a report by the
real harm to in 1999 a report by the South African Human Rights Commission
South African Human Rights Commission
South African Human Rights Commission found that there was a policy vacuum in
found that there was a policy vacuum in
found that there was a policy vacuum in the area of racial awareness and
the area of racial awareness and
the area of racial awareness and sensitivity in South African schools and
sensitivity in South African schools and
sensitivity in South African schools and recommended that anti-racist training
recommended that anti-racist training
recommended that anti-racist training for district officials governing bodies
for district officials governing bodies
for district officials governing bodies teachers and learners be prioritized the
teachers and learners be prioritized the
teachers and learners be prioritized the authors of the report warned that if
authors of the report warned that if
authors of the report warned that if racism could not be satisfactorily
racism could not be satisfactorily
racism could not be satisfactorily addressed in South African schools our
addressed in South African schools our
addressed in South African schools our country will pay the price and paying
country will pay the price and paying
country will pay the price and paying the price we are it’s not just racism of
the price we are it’s not just racism of
the price we are it’s not just racism of course it’s sexism homophobia xenophobia
course it’s sexism homophobia xenophobia
course it’s sexism homophobia xenophobia these seem to characterize and indeed
these seem to characterize and indeed
these seem to characterize and indeed monopolize South African discourses and
monopolize South African discourses and
monopolize South African discourses and the fact that it’s happening in schools
the fact that it’s happening in schools
the fact that it’s happening in schools among the born freeze is the most
among the born freeze is the most
among the born freeze is the most worrying so what is to be done when you
worrying so what is to be done when you
worrying so what is to be done when you are invited to give a TEDx talk you are
are invited to give a TEDx talk you are
are invited to give a TEDx talk you are warned against selling from the stage
warned against selling from the stage
warned against selling from the stage but I’m about to break that rule I’m
but I’m about to break that rule I’m
but I’m about to break that rule I’m going to send you a solution and that
going to send you a solution and that
going to send you a solution and that solution is philosophy
solution is philosophy
solution is philosophy in November 2015 Senator Marco Rubio
in November 2015 Senator Marco Rubio
in November 2015 Senator Marco Rubio stated that America needed more welders
stated that America needed more welders
stated that America needed more welders and less philosophers clearly that also
and less philosophers clearly that also
and less philosophers clearly that also need more English teachers because it
need more English teachers because it
need more English teachers because it should have been fewer philosophers not
should have been fewer philosophers not
should have been fewer philosophers not I have nothing against welders but I
I have nothing against welders but I
I have nothing against welders but I think Rubio is very very wrong but more
think Rubio is very very wrong but more
think Rubio is very very wrong but more philosophers we have the better this is
philosophers we have the better this is
philosophers we have the better this is because philosophy attempts at white
because philosophy attempts at white
because philosophy attempts at white level at least to cultivate phronesis
level at least to cultivate phronesis
level at least to cultivate phronesis or practical wisdom which helps us to
or practical wisdom which helps us to
or practical wisdom which helps us to act virtuously and to encourage
act virtuously and to encourage
act virtuously and to encourage excellence of character in others ted
excellence of character in others ted
excellence of character in others ted wheetly writes that people have an
wheetly writes that people have an
wheetly writes that people have an unfortunate tendency to act without
unfortunate tendency to act without
unfortunate tendency to act without reflection or consistency
reflection or consistency
reflection or consistency letting instant and gut level reactions
letting instant and gut level reactions
letting instant and gut level reactions guide their behavior philosophy tries as
guide their behavior philosophy tries as
guide their behavior philosophy tries as a rule to elevate reason so that it
a rule to elevate reason so that it
a rule to elevate reason so that it rules how we act rather than serves how
rules how we act rather than serves how
rules how we act rather than serves how we feel
we feel
we feel a world without philosophers is a world
a world without philosophers is a world
a world without philosophers is a world of self-righteous people with no impulse
of self-righteous people with no impulse
of self-righteous people with no impulse control or people with rigidly dogmatic
control or people with rigidly dogmatic
control or people with rigidly dogmatic and any self reflexive worldviews I’m
and any self reflexive worldviews I’m
and any self reflexive worldviews I’m often asked what is it exactly that
often asked what is it exactly that
often asked what is it exactly that philosophers do John Campbell Berkeley
philosophers do John Campbell Berkeley
philosophers do John Campbell Berkeley philosophy explains it as thinking in
philosophy explains it as thinking in
philosophy explains it as thinking in slow motion
slow motion
slow motion it breaks down describes and assesses
it breaks down describes and assesses
it breaks down describes and assesses moves we ordinarily make at great speed
moves we ordinarily make at great speed
moves we ordinarily make at great speed it then becomes evident that
it then becomes evident that
it then becomes evident that alternatives are possible the tools of
alternatives are possible the tools of
alternatives are possible the tools of philosophy critical creative and logical
philosophy critical creative and logical
philosophy critical creative and logical thinking can help us make sense about
thinking can help us make sense about
thinking can help us make sense about day to day experiences and respond to
day to day experiences and respond to
day to day experiences and respond to these experiences in ways that respect
these experiences in ways that respect
these experiences in ways that respect the humanity of others and of ourselves
the humanity of others and of ourselves
the humanity of others and of ourselves philosophy helps us to examine our
philosophy helps us to examine our
philosophy helps us to examine our tendency as humans to make judgments
tendency as humans to make judgments
tendency as humans to make judgments based on feelings rather than
based on feelings rather than
based on feelings rather than rationality it helps us to differentiate
rationality it helps us to differentiate
rationality it helps us to differentiate between
between
between basic beliefs or what we call intuitions
basic beliefs or what we call intuitions
basic beliefs or what we call intuitions and justified true beliefs what
and justified true beliefs what
and justified true beliefs what philosophers call knowledge the concept
philosophers call knowledge the concept
philosophers call knowledge the concept of a justified true belief states that
of a justified true belief states that
of a justified true belief states that in order to know that a given
in order to know that a given
in order to know that a given proposition is true one must not only
proposition is true one must not only
proposition is true one must not only believe the relevant true proposition
believe the relevant true proposition
believe the relevant true proposition but also have justification for
but also have justification for
but also have justification for believing it to be justification comes
believing it to be justification comes
believing it to be justification comes in the form of reasons and not just any
in the form of reasons and not just any
in the form of reasons and not just any reason will do in response to Rubio’s
reason will do in response to Rubio’s
reason will do in response to Rubio’s comments about philosophers writer
comments about philosophers writer
comments about philosophers writer writes a great Gracie Olmstead argues
writes a great Gracie Olmstead argues
writes a great Gracie Olmstead argues that the best source of education is one
that the best source of education is one
that the best source of education is one that does not make you a better worker
that does not make you a better worker
that does not make you a better worker but rather the sort that makes you a
but rather the sort that makes you a
but rather the sort that makes you a better human being I think we need to
better human being I think we need to
better human being I think we need to introduce philosophy in some form into
introduce philosophy in some form into
introduce philosophy in some form into the school curriculum according to 2016
the school curriculum according to 2016
the school curriculum according to 2016 figures 46 percent of the population in
figures 46 percent of the population in
figures 46 percent of the population in South Africa is under 24 years old while
South Africa is under 24 years old while
South Africa is under 24 years old while we cannot change the past which
we cannot change the past which
we cannot change the past which hand-rolled the future but we need to
hand-rolled the future but we need to
hand-rolled the future but we need to act fast by getting young people to
act fast by getting young people to
act fast by getting young people to think more slowly before they speak
think more slowly before they speak
think more slowly before they speak before their tweet before they post
Alfred Adler said a person’s behavior
Alfred Adler said a person’s behavior Springs from his ideas if we understand
Springs from his ideas if we understand
Springs from his ideas if we understand that philosophy is really about the
that philosophy is really about the
that philosophy is really about the study of ideas and their power in our
study of ideas and their power in our
study of ideas and their power in our lives we will begin to understand that
lives we will begin to understand that
lives we will begin to understand that we really can change people’s behavior
we really can change people’s behavior
we really can change people’s behavior by challenging their ideas so let me
by challenging their ideas so let me
by challenging their ideas so let me challenge the idea that I am an
challenge the idea that I am an
challenge the idea that I am an immigrant the definition of an immigrant
immigrant the definition of an immigrant
immigrant the definition of an immigrant is a person who comes to live
is a person who comes to live
is a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country I
permanently in a foreign country I
permanently in a foreign country I didn’t come to live here I was born here
didn’t come to live here I was born here
didn’t come to live here I was born here as were my parents and my grandparents
as were my parents and my grandparents
as were my parents and my grandparents indeed my family has been in South
indeed my family has been in South
indeed my family has been in South Africa since the 1880s when my
Africa since the 1880s when my
Africa since the 1880s when my great-grandfather left Eastern Europe to
great-grandfather left Eastern Europe to
great-grandfather left Eastern Europe to escape the pogroms and anti-semitism
escape the pogroms and anti-semitism
escape the pogroms and anti-semitism that characterized the Russian Empire
that characterized the Russian Empire
that characterized the Russian Empire South Africa became famous
South Africa became famous
South Africa became famous a haven for its 120,000 Jews many of
a haven for its 120,000 Jews many of
a haven for its 120,000 Jews many of whom including my family would have
whom including my family would have
whom including my family would have perished in the Holocaust had they
perished in the Holocaust had they
perished in the Holocaust had they stayed in Europe and South Africa isn’t
stayed in Europe and South Africa isn’t
stayed in Europe and South Africa isn’t a foreign country it’s my home my only
a foreign country it’s my home my only
a foreign country it’s my home my only home I have never considered packing for
home I have never considered packing for
home I have never considered packing for Perth or being part of a white flat
while I deny being an immigrant maybe
while I deny being an immigrant maybe the issue is that I am NOT native to
the issue is that I am NOT native to
the issue is that I am NOT native to South Africa native is an interesting
South Africa native is an interesting
South Africa native is an interesting word
word
word while it’s rooted in the Latin late
while it’s rooted in the Latin late
while it’s rooted in the Latin late meaning born it can also refer to one’s
meaning born it can also refer to one’s
meaning born it can also refer to one’s origin not necessarily the place where
origin not necessarily the place where
origin not necessarily the place where one is born but the place where one
one is born but the place where one
one is born but the place where one comes from originally
most people consider the COI and San
most people consider the COI and San people as being the first inhabitants of
people as being the first inhabitants of
people as being the first inhabitants of what is now South Africa evidence points
what is now South Africa evidence points
what is now South Africa evidence points to the arrival of the court poisoned
to the arrival of the court poisoned
to the arrival of the court poisoned people around two thousand years ago
people around two thousand years ago
people around two thousand years ago this was followed in the early 80s in
this was followed in the early 80s in
this was followed in the early 80s in the early centuries ad of the Bantu
the early centuries ad of the Bantu
the early centuries ad of the Bantu speaking communities who would have
speaking communities who would have
speaking communities who would have reached southern Africa from the Congo
reached southern Africa from the Congo
reached southern Africa from the Congo Basin some of the migrant groups
Basin some of the migrant groups
Basin some of the migrant groups ancestral to today’s and greeny people’s
ancestral to today’s and greeny people’s
ancestral to today’s and greeny people’s prefer to live near the eastern coast of
prefer to live near the eastern coast of
prefer to live near the eastern coast of what is present-day South Africa while
what is present-day South Africa while
what is present-day South Africa while others known as the suit suit were no
others known as the suit suit were no
others known as the suit suit were no people settled in the – with the vendor
people settled in the – with the vendor
people settled in the – with the vendor limber and Shangaan Tsonga people’s in
limber and Shangaan Tsonga people’s in
limber and Shangaan Tsonga people’s in the northeastern area so no one is
the northeastern area so no one is
the northeastern area so no one is native to South Africa we are all from
native to South Africa we are all from
native to South Africa we are all from somewhere else originally why does it
somewhere else originally why does it
somewhere else originally why does it matter whether it was 2,000 years ago or
matter whether it was 2,000 years ago or
matter whether it was 2,000 years ago or 200 I want to go back now devices
200 I want to go back now devices
200 I want to go back now devices claimed that this country and continent
claimed that this country and continent
claimed that this country and continent is not ours
is not ours
is not ours perhaps what she means is that we have
perhaps what she means is that we have
perhaps what she means is that we have to earn our right to regain our
to earn our right to regain our
to earn our right to regain our membership because we have abused our
membership because we have abused our
membership because we have abused our position as
position as
position as if this is the case in perhaps we need
if this is the case in perhaps we need
if this is the case in perhaps we need to consider the idea of belonging as
to consider the idea of belonging as
to consider the idea of belonging as taking ownership of not the land but the
taking ownership of not the land but the
taking ownership of not the land but the past I stand here knowing that so much
past I stand here knowing that so much
past I stand here knowing that so much of my good fortune came because of
of my good fortune came because of
of my good fortune came because of others misfortune while I did not
others misfortune while I did not
others misfortune while I did not actively support a project I am a
actively support a project I am a
actively support a project I am a beneficiary of it
beneficiary of it
beneficiary of it it is this recognition that makes me who
it is this recognition that makes me who
it is this recognition that makes me who I am and makes me believe I belong here
I am and makes me believe I belong here
I am and makes me believe I belong here I belong here because I am committed to
I belong here because I am committed to
I belong here because I am committed to the rebuilding of this place this place
”
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