[Music] this is a map of Paris it might not look
this is a map of Paris it might not look
this is a map of Paris it might not look like a map because it’s not a map you’re
like a map because it’s not a map you’re
like a map because it’s not a map you’re supposed to see
supposed to see
supposed to see it’s a map that you feel with your hands
it’s a map that you feel with your hands
it’s a map that you feel with your hands and it’s the centuries-old technology we
and it’s the centuries-old technology we
and it’s the centuries-old technology we have acquainting someone who is blind or
have acquainting someone who is blind or
have acquainting someone who is blind or visually impaired to a new environment
visually impaired to a new environment
visually impaired to a new environment and if you think about the technologies
and if you think about the technologies
and if you think about the technologies that you interact with on a day-to-day
that you interact with on a day-to-day
that you interact with on a day-to-day basis you’re probably looking at a
basis you’re probably looking at a
basis you’re probably looking at a screen whether that’s on your laptop
screen whether that’s on your laptop
screen whether that’s on your laptop your smartphone or your tablet you’re
your smartphone or your tablet you’re
your smartphone or your tablet you’re checking emails notifications messages
checking emails notifications messages
checking emails notifications messages and alerts and a lot of this information
and alerts and a lot of this information
and alerts and a lot of this information is inaccessible to someone who’s blind
is inaccessible to someone who’s blind
is inaccessible to someone who’s blind or visually impaired although we have
or visually impaired although we have
or visually impaired although we have access to a new era of voice controlled
access to a new era of voice controlled
access to a new era of voice controlled interfaces like a Lexus Siri and the
interfaces like a Lexus Siri and the
interfaces like a Lexus Siri and the Google assistant these artificial
Google assistant these artificial
Google assistant these artificial intelligences that respond to our speech
intelligences that respond to our speech
intelligences that respond to our speech have also added another channel of
have also added another channel of
have also added another channel of interruption and intrusion so if we’re
interruption and intrusion so if we’re
interruption and intrusion so if we’re not looking at our computers we talk at
not looking at our computers we talk at
not looking at our computers we talk at them but communication involves a lot
them but communication involves a lot
them but communication involves a lot more than just words even if you’re not
more than just words even if you’re not
more than just words even if you’re not bilingual you all understand a second
bilingual you all understand a second
bilingual you all understand a second language you understand the meaning of a
language you understand the meaning of a
language you understand the meaning of a handshake or a warm hug you understand
handshake or a warm hug you understand
handshake or a warm hug you understand to pull your hand away from a hot stove
to pull your hand away from a hot stove
to pull your hand away from a hot stove and you understand this faster than you
and you understand this faster than you
and you understand this faster than you can read the words printed on a page or
can read the words printed on a page or
can read the words printed on a page or hear them spoken out loud for any of the
hear them spoken out loud for any of the
hear them spoken out loud for any of the 285 million people who are blind or
285 million people who are blind or
285 million people who are blind or visually impaired a task as ordinary is
visually impaired a task as ordinary is
visually impaired a task as ordinary is checking the current time involves
checking the current time involves
checking the current time involves asking another person or pulling out
asking another person or pulling out
asking another person or pulling out your phone turning up the volume and
your phone turning up the volume and
your phone turning up the volume and having to yell out that information this
having to yell out that information this
having to yell out that information this is a cumbersome experience and it’s an
is a cumbersome experience and it’s an
is a cumbersome experience and it’s an accessibility problem but I question the
accessibility problem but I question the
accessibility problem but I question the necessity of occupying anyone’s eyes or
necessity of occupying anyone’s eyes or
necessity of occupying anyone’s eyes or ears
ears
ears when we can intuitively understand
when we can intuitively understand
when we can intuitively understand things that we grasp with our hands when
things that we grasp with our hands when
things that we grasp with our hands when we design computer interfaces we should
we design computer interfaces we should
we design computer interfaces we should listen to people who are blind not just
listen to people who are blind not just
listen to people who are blind not just because they consume information through
because they consume information through
because they consume information through their sense of touch but because solving
their sense of touch but because solving
their sense of touch but because solving that design problem can enable a future
that design problem can enable a future
that design problem can enable a future filled with tangible interfaces that we
filled with tangible interfaces that we
filled with tangible interfaces that we can feel we will interact with software
can feel we will interact with software
can feel we will interact with software with the same efficiency as the knife
with the same efficiency as the knife
with the same efficiency as the knife and cutting board in our kitchens and we
and cutting board in our kitchens and we
and cutting board in our kitchens and we can interact with each other online with
can interact with each other online with
can interact with each other online with the same expressiveness as a handshake
the same expressiveness as a handshake
the same expressiveness as a handshake or a hug and just as we create
or a hug and just as we create
or a hug and just as we create animations by rolling through pictures
animations by rolling through pictures
animations by rolling through pictures at 24 frames per second we can animate
at 24 frames per second we can animate
at 24 frames per second we can animate your sense of touch by moving sensations
your sense of touch by moving sensations
your sense of touch by moving sensations across your body in different patterns
across your body in different patterns
across your body in different patterns shapes and intensities a crude example
shapes and intensities a crude example
shapes and intensities a crude example of this today would be the vibration you
of this today would be the vibration you
of this today would be the vibration you get from your cell phone or maybe a tap
get from your cell phone or maybe a tap
get from your cell phone or maybe a tap you feel from your Apple watch telling
you feel from your Apple watch telling
you feel from your Apple watch telling you that you’re receiving a phone call
you that you’re receiving a phone call
you that you’re receiving a phone call or a text message this is called haptic
or a text message this is called haptic
or a text message this is called haptic feedback technology that’s communicating
feedback technology that’s communicating
feedback technology that’s communicating information through touch but imagine if
information through touch but imagine if
information through touch but imagine if we treat your entire body as a
we treat your entire body as a
we treat your entire body as a programmable computer display we can
programmable computer display we can
programmable computer display we can take a vibration or linear force and
take a vibration or linear force and
take a vibration or linear force and modify it at different points much like
modify it at different points much like
modify it at different points much like the pixels and a computer screen so that
the pixels and a computer screen so that
the pixels and a computer screen so that Braille map implemented with today’s
Braille map implemented with today’s
Braille map implemented with today’s technology could allow you to feel a
technology could allow you to feel a
technology could allow you to feel a left turn when you’re getting close to
left turn when you’re getting close to
left turn when you’re getting close to an intersection as a sensation that
an intersection as a sensation that
an intersection as a sensation that moves to the left across your wrist or
moves to the left across your wrist or
moves to the left across your wrist or maybe if you’re receiving a message from
maybe if you’re receiving a message from
maybe if you’re receiving a message from a friend it feels like a gentle tap on
a friend it feels like a gentle tap on
a friend it feels like a gentle tap on your shoulder in a future filled with
your shoulder in a future filled with
your shoulder in a future filled with haptic feedback an anesthesiologist
haptic feedback an anesthesiologist
haptic feedback an anesthesiologist could feel the heartbeat of a patient
could feel the heartbeat of a patient
could feel the heartbeat of a patient during a surgery the firefighter could
during a surgery the firefighter could
during a surgery the firefighter could feel the heat of a room long before they
feel the heat of a room long before they
feel the heat of a room long before they ever enter it and the sensors on a
ever enter it and the sensors on a
ever enter it and the sensors on a robotic arm
robotic arm
robotic arm will become a natural extension of our
will become a natural extension of our
will become a natural extension of our own hands a pair of eyeglasses began as
own hands a pair of eyeglasses began as
own hands a pair of eyeglasses began as an assistive device a way of helping
an assistive device a way of helping
an assistive device a way of helping someone with low vision but today you
someone with low vision but today you
someone with low vision but today you could describe them as a fashion
could describe them as a fashion
could describe them as a fashion statement or there a place where we
statement or there a place where we
statement or there a place where we embed cameras so you can take pictures
embed cameras so you can take pictures
embed cameras so you can take pictures and videos they can even be a place
and videos they can even be a place
and videos they can even be a place where we project virtual objects for
where we project virtual objects for
where we project virtual objects for augmented reality and virtual reality
augmented reality and virtual reality
augmented reality and virtual reality I’ve spent the last eight years working
I’ve spent the last eight years working
I’ve spent the last eight years working on systems of silent and invisible
on systems of silent and invisible
on systems of silent and invisible communication because I believe that the
communication because I believe that the
communication because I believe that the same technologies that could help
same technologies that could help
same technologies that could help someone who’s blind to check the time
someone who’s blind to check the time
someone who’s blind to check the time without needing a pair of headphones
without needing a pair of headphones
without needing a pair of headphones it’s the same technology that can power
it’s the same technology that can power
it’s the same technology that can power the future of human-computer interaction
the future of human-computer interaction
the future of human-computer interaction and when I think about the intended
and when I think about the intended
and when I think about the intended meaning of the idiom the blind leading
meaning of the idiom the blind leading
meaning of the idiom the blind leading the blind it suggests a failure to grasp
the blind it suggests a failure to grasp
the blind it suggests a failure to grasp a larger meaning the blind can not only
a larger meaning the blind can not only
a larger meaning the blind can not only lead the blind but can lead those of us
lead the blind but can lead those of us
lead the blind but can lead those of us who can see two experiences that we’ve
who can see two experiences that we’ve
who can see two experiences that we’ve never seen before thank you
never seen before thank you
never seen before thank you [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] you
”
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