it seems to me that they do it first
unable to understand the world
of today to be able to study Thursday at
predict its evolution
why not do it with
artificial intelligence indeed
it’s an approach that’s pretty
promising
I will try you for one of those
there today we seek to understand
the dynamics of six weeks by
example white udine a political taboo
on my business an economy a
company for example
maybe you have nice goal but
to bring down unemployment the
pollution
where is the palace discussing a world
virtual where you can experience it
safe without risk to be fooled
all the settings and we’re there it’s
does this incident of simulation
media jean my area of research that
never to make you discover
today
so he’s trying to do with a
scientific method that has made its
evidence
you probably know there is a
phenomenon we glue the top Monné
then we make a model more or less
formalized with the natural language of
active baptism or teens ride on
simulates this model on computer for
see what happens
clay the analogy in stage of
the astrolabe here only when the system
we wanted to study and composed
of human beings it gets complicated
strongly to the king because a being
human
each and every one already knows a system
complex ie composed of entities
many interacting entities
old ones all your neurons at all
physico-chemical processes that are
currently in your body you
listen to me and in addition to a human being
it’s unpredictable
for example, are you able
to say
I will tell you the next often
so it’s already complicated
only be but imagine now but
many
could we say a society so that’s
very difficult to study the
human behavior
but as I am and resists mans
drawn by the difficulty I decided to
devote my life perhaps besides
10 years of the career in front of this
clean water point
so how good do we see there in
metals the artificial intelligence but
first what is intelligence
artificial historically it is
build end machines said
intelligent as far as they are
able to act with laurent and
rock band the and drawn and painted challenge
but the way alphonse this can
to draw inspiration directly from us
shows an infusion or not very lively
artificial intelligence I was told there
there is recourse you know
maybe I do not know, says blue howatson
ol fagots well these systems they
play respectively jeopardy failure
or bo a very different way
the name and the hands do it by
example they use systems
do not have validated the extent where already
his six so played against them
cold mines for the social elite at the
China is at its time to play it cool
very beautiful and then also that they will
generate gigantic amounts of
possible solutions to choose the
best to renault human beings
we have a much more
synthetic
we will make shortcuts in
the more systems the bila that does not use
what are called neural networks
artificial you had told roland time
to talk to machine learning
neither to cry, that is to say so they are
reasons tomatoes that burst last
entry sign
let’s apply race or mathematics and we
sees an output signal to dr at the right
system they’re going to come these are some
black boxes
it just works but we do not know very well
well why and how are these one of
systems that are not very explainable
but the interpreter
only there is another way
to study behaviors in america
that consists
seen behind me to offer
box to peace what happens to
inside the pet the good thoughts
a bad thought how are we going
represent the world
are these the concepts of
music images
how are we going to study and
to use these representations to act
on this world and what would be the impact the
emotions of our business and then that’s
not finished because the human being is
deeply social one interacts with
his neighbor would only be for
English to finish that we are not
content one interacts with the
communication language and then there’s plenty
stalls which are also
exciting to have hosted the interaction
social
when is the migration phenomenon
opinions and rumors but phenomenon of
mimicry that make a given moment one
want to wear the same clothes
that someone she meets in the street
and when you know these phenomena are
amplified now with the
social network development
so it’s pretty complicated he’ll have to
consider all this but then I
a good one but I’m also for
Positive philosophy positive
the good news is that there is a
solution to study this and so we
did it for you it’s called a
multi-age system
so it appeared in the 90s
in the solenoid valves and it’s called
artificial intelligence 10 more is
is like his name indicated a little bit
these compounds changes
computers that are included then
here is for example a diagram that illustrates
this system so you have agents
whose agenda is autonomous if
proactive say that it decides when he at
beyond the day mbj sa these objects
own his skills and resources that
represents his environment his
interact with his environment and with
the others then you may know
not but you know them these
systems you have already seen especially if
you look at a famous series at the top
left there is now when you
have for example in a movie in a
e mail series fight hand over a
battlefield where thousands of
spectators finally stable makes it a
seating system in addition to the extras
if also applied to transport phynances
the coordination of large robots and
so
so now the question is
how are we going to be able to apply that on
behaviors and here I’m going to take
a small wine
let’s look at what’s behind me
it’s a map that represent the
population around the city chicago and
to the blade is frustrating all this to
United States it will not have escaped you
and there is a color and the color and a
friend behind this population that
can be of Caucasian origin
african american spain and asians
etc.
so he has to make you go from
its members are relatively unfree
rtment no mixtures of
population the breakdown coxyde and social this
which poses many societal problems
so that’s not just in the states
united we find it in most
their leads around the world
explained his first hypothesis you have
it sometimes happens to me a vision
pessimistic of humanity is led by
allegiance to racism then if you
the human being is deeply racist
email by his fellow first is
well the second good news is husband
for the moment
there are two good news the third
it’s a real conflict the taught
research
it will be even better so the second
good news is that it is possible
to find an explanation while the
people would not possibly
racist yes and that’s thanks especially
to simulation hold him of course and
also a mode is very clever of
sir in chemistry on our machines
in 1971 he is an economist
he proposed a small healthy model that I
leads in loop it is good you have to know
that later by the way this language
Oral Nobel Prize for Economics PhD
the following model imagine that each
and everyone here present besides you
individually help a threshold of
tolerance
that is to say a proportion of people that
you are you wish to have other
around you they are similar
for example you want that where
you live so that they have less than one
percent of people who is the same
origin or the same level of income or
glassware our policies do not have the
same religion etc
if this satisfaction threshold is not
minimal was not satisfied at that time
you move until you
find a place where the only becomes
satisfied then what moderates this is
simple can very well under programmed and
we want to simulate it with a system where
seat then for example that will give some
following configurations then we have
simplified by saying that there are two types
of way agents are red and ppr
could say for now all of us
have even then only moderately gbagbo
you have a situation in guinea it’s
to say where most people are
satisfied or we have relatively better
between days on the other hand right a
total civilization
you have before the waves and greens that
his daughter but the interest goes further
and this is one of the major discovery of
this model is actually in the end we
gets a similarity so a series
much stronger gassion jerks
minimum resented initially by
example we could see this little
board
if you have it 20% of networks
but a little this side g 20 percent of
people like you but in the end if all the
world does that by social interaction
we are left with only one death
inactive more than 60 races and like
we see it on this curve here it goes up
very quickly at 50% only already at 81% sorting
nations and brings back comes to his race
that’s why I said is not
necessary to appear if not to have
a very high tolerance threshold for
ultimately generate one celebration and that that
emerge through simulation mehdi the
leg and that’s why it’s suspicious
are interesting to bring out
jo of a high level that ce1 have
strongly a medium so it’s a
obviously very simple model but he has
then leads a whole stream of
research on urban dynamics and
I admit that as a researcher
what motivates us is this type
attacked societal problems
important so the future the windfall well
sure the ecology and the environment there are
also health at work problems
or transport problems
diffusion of innovations and well the
job market on which I had to
work just right wanted to try
this formula against unemployment or
parity all tried well it’s true that
unfortunately unemployment in the world at
country or that France is struggling to fall
we have structural unemployment that has been
quite important is what can be done
to explain all this with a
gerard economist at the water and a
computer scientist in league 2 who did the
thesis on this topic we built
the western simulator inspiring us
captivate ten agents who currently
model already I have more
on a job market on it
works first there are agents who
will represent you and me
individuals then these individuals they are
twenty certain steps it would be in
train to work
he must be working but
good we look for another job they can
to be path
it is inactive to them which means
that they gave up looking for
job
that’s what can be some of between
you imagine students then from
the other side you have the agents who
will represent the companies
these companies driving a good which
demand varies over time and a
given moment the ball on demand she
can increase or decrease but the
infantry saga 3 months back is
because with only but if she
is starting to see demand that
increases death to the economy without arthur
if the company will say that I will
having to create mates to meet
this request so to decide if created
a cdd at cdi
at that moment as it happens in the
bay it’s going then I hope I can
that she will post on a website
and then those who are looking for work they
have 6 posted the candidates had people
more or less any case she too and
then there will be clothes all
simply
it does not stop there because the market
work
he’s in a political environment
of legal importance and therefore
in boxing day also know our
part of the labor code and also all
decrees and ordinances that have more
where I him whenever a
government to richard lambert each
time change my son is for example
at planting level or allocations
unemployment conditions of feelings
so here is a little bit of how
starts to work and then we have
a simulation that will unfold in
time if the cycle cheetah
does not initialize systems at the scale of
real market currently and under the
Oak trees
whole gecas and 1.2 billion that
represents give you an idea between
20000 and 30000 informative agents and then
then also the installation of
hollow roles like that goes a world
from work companies as I have
said she decided to create evidence
can destroy
she manages to evaluate employees and
so before unfortunately they do
bankruptcy or layoffs
makes them the individuals but they are they
in a state he followed because I’m
well in water is not because
apparently very not realize that I will be
more satisfied for example I am
student maybe we’ll have decided
to enter the job market is
stopped my studies I was chauvinistic
maybe I’m not discouraged what
I found no blocking that time
everything becomes inactive so all that is
internalized in also there are some
nominations as I guide them to
treatment of promotions they live
fine of demographics
because people are met
or households so the ambition to help
single do you have people
are married for children as to
the child to sign in my husband
the agents have a divorced daughter and we
manage births and let us
word of the workers high peaks then what’s
it serves all that and here we who we
interest motivates us it is despite everything
the little public glo and then if he
found damon girl if possible for
try to improve the job good he has
tested just about everything
and to show you a little bit
we can do I’ll go back to the
last of accelerates the labor law
coct years you have not heard a little by
mine spring 2016 but good if
a long time it caused a lot of
of ink that the autonomies are
opposite it put thousands of people
in the street some of you
were in the street because that’s the
point which is really what worries
ex since an article that is
currently number 67 and appreciated
this article which facilitates the
economic redundancies
this year the company wears moment
and she asks or a turnover
everything left could proceed without
other justification for dismissals
economic
so we decided
to sign this article and so we’ve been
the first and to date and only to
propose and the quantitative evaluation of
the law because at the ministry especially
no evaluation was done
Quantities before launching the crush
so that makes you first a
pioneering scored his rings allowed the
to the needs targeted by the fbi and also
their in the event the voters of
this time no I guess what we
interested in access result so what
is sure that a priori this web has
deeply upset the market
job
but there he is what you have not
fund research the news
but the bad bad news
it ‘s not talking to them for the truce
studies after four years unemployment
do not go down in space the second cdi
contract mostly beautiful
currently 60 81% of the grape harvests are
in cdd
but with the new roubaix law 70% this
French born but the cellar of meat
seal the short is more precarious and
say that there is also another phenomenon
a person recently predicted this is
that the law is favorable to young people
it’s weird what that’s what they have
manifested is a priori the path of
young people of the year these two hundred
fifty thousand because the young
benefit from the increase in CDs in
However, this is done to the detriment of
over 50 who do not have any
profits and suffer full force
the increase in layoffs you
have something more than a few 50
years so if we roughly schematize
it’s as if young people see here
take the job of water by good ah
so obviously these results are in
France with preventions like everything
model put in think that these results
is just why she pin
wet cloth tease and sphere
had been constantly alerting citizens and
policies
well let ‘s be honest we had more than
success with citizens them of
policies but hey that’s another
problem
in any case want to continue when
think it’s
interesting topic and for example this
we could do these names as early as the 9th
artificial legion to determine by
itself by optimizing some
criteria a new policy of
job who would like leads for
improve services and unemployment or
then use for 6 to evaluate
the impact of digital including
artificial intelligence on the
labor market come together in this
moment in the debate are the robots
a machine she to do but that’s
increase hot water in london and
that of cities and it’s a bit
scientifically and especially this case
would be funny to see an ia so
despite the impact of other villages on
the blues in case to return to the subject
of seven days I do not want to disappoint them
but every window I do not know of
what tomorrow will be done but pamiers ii
that same type my knee said
the future will not be deprived he prepares himself
first loan to better prepare the
tomorrow’s world I propose you
to use intelligences
Artificial simulation is safe
I dream my baboo banks
Merlin World have touched the little ones
would be generalized in all
ministries of decision centers
strategic plan so that no
bill a new decision that
could prompt there is no
be tested simply before being
implemented
we always use simulation is
otherwise it will have to be done in one
slap session with all the actors
concerned the citizens in the case of a
participatory decision support have
does a lot of simulations before
launch rockets were enough for the do
not for companies what is called
parent company and then try the open
– it’s now a journey a way
that we hoped to shoot in the heart of the
complexity of the problems to try
with not the solve but at least the
prison and from this angle the
simulation is a bit like the mirror
of our behaviors
so dare to confront us to those there
high are facing our judgments
innovators to our actions and to
consequences of his actions on others
on the planet
let’s dare this form dia hope she
we allow nemo capian to do in
all conscience and in good
intelligence for bercy
[Applause]
”
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