my grandmother was diabetic and she died
a very aggressive diabetes very bad
controlled and had an untimely death
at that time
these diabetic patients to be able
know what was the concentration with
the subprime glucose had to go
to a hospital is to wait sometimes days
entire weeks until they give you the
results and of course that result
I had to interpret them with a doctor
that means that the dose of
insulin that was injected was always
an approximate thing that taking in
account some analysis that had been
done or weeks or even months
before and that means that in that
era the diabetic patients had
a poor quality of life
they suffered suffered great suffering and
they will die prematurely as happened to
my good but curiously in the year
1962 to a doctor and a scientist
American and in view of this suffering
of diabetic patients are
this great idea of why not
make a small sensor that was very
simple very easy and that these same
patients could do the analysis
even in your own home
so it did what was now called
glucose sensor many times wrong
called sugar meter because in
actually these biosensors only
detects what to the concentration that
we have glucose in our blood
As you know in the blood we have many
substances but only in this case
we want to detect this this substance in
the year in this year 1962 these doctors
they developed and tested this first
village however simple happened more than
25 years until these devices
they went to the market
to this day they use millions of
people is something very simple
you just have to click to take a
gotham sample a blood sample
put it on the sensor including five
second only five seconds in the
device screen that appears
what is your concentration the sick
diabetics already know what the dose is
of insulin that have to be punctured
maybe they are peru
giving why it took so long because
since 1962 that this was
first ideas because it took those 25
years will hit the market
good because these devices though
as you see fit very simple
it actually combines a technology
quite sophisticated inside as there
that incorporate a video receiver
totally selective that is capable
exclusively duties to glucose in the
blood
despite the many other substances
what we have
together with a conelec biosensor with
an electrochemical sensor that is capable
to translate that signal and show us in
screen what do you what it is that
he has the diabetic patient
maybe another example that all of you
They are aware of the pregnancy test
magical strips not that can change us
the life of execution of just about
minutes just putting a drop of
woman’s urine
this is also an example of a
totally selective biosensor in this
case these strips the only thing that combine
is a specific receiver to join
only hormones that is present in the
urine of women in such a way that
when this reaction takes place that
it’s not a combination technology
that what it produces is a change of color
that we can see with the naked eye
very well this is the present this is what
that we have today but how are you going
be our future
in the case of our future what
we are going to have are a series of sensors
that we can take even to our
bag that we will have at home that
You can even be in the consultation of the
GP
in such a way that by putting just one
urine drop a drop of blood or a
sweat drop even a tear
We can analyze for each type of
disease we can know that if we are
starting or if we have that disease
we copy this to a small sensor
we put our test strip that has
and this specific receiver and this
is enough incorporated in an application in
our mobile phone in such a way
that inclusion of very few minutes
let’s see on our mobile that
pathology we have and so we can know
If you are sick if you are
healthy they are sick and to say to
see your doctor or if by the
opposite also the mobile application
will tell you that you have to run
to the hospital very well this they see
here for example is something that also
we’re
developing our laboratories
imagine a single drop of
blood
you put one of these strips and
can they know if they are starting
develop a colon cancer
even three or four years before it
they can diagnose it in the hospital
this means that we also
we would avoid doing this colonoscopy
these patients
maybe there is some celiac patient in
the vaginal room is available this
sensor that comes home is not found
well you take a drop of urine they put it
the sensor and then you can see if it has
eaten gluten
there were some traces of gluten in what
who has eaten throughout the day very
well all this technology that are
seeing that they are seeing here that
we are developing in our
laboratories in nanoscience yucatan
and nanotechnology where what we do
is to combine all these receivers
biological for each application
concrete with a technology based its
Sophisticated based on unique and no photo
that then do not allow to develop a
device for each application
I want you to stay with two ideas
fundamental these devices the
we can modulate and we can manufacture them
for each application
in particular perhaps remember the famous
case of Spanish cucumbers in
germany a few years ago
in this case there was an infectious outbreak
very serious in Germany died more than
15 people and in this war in that
At the moment the German authorities
blamed the wrong transportation of
Spanish cucumbers because I know
what that infection was due to a strain
very virulent of the bacterium escherichia
coli
the problem week later the
German authorities had to
rectify and ask for excuses after
that they had already asked for millions of
euros in our exports because
they managed to identify after that
time what was the mutation that had
place in that bacterium responsible for that
infection because that happened because
it is because today the
analyzes that have to be carried out
out a very sophisticated analysis
analyzes that can only be carried out
out in specialized laboratories are
complex and take a very long time very
well another example that those who wanted
begins another of all the advantages
I wanted to comment is that if we had
had at that time for this case
of cucumbers a specific biosensor
we could have done that analysis
in a much faster way and about
we could all have seen what the
specific mutation of sg and we could
have given those patients before they
died the antibiotic treatment
adequate
the other second advantage that I want them
comment on these devices that I
would like it to stay in the mind is
that these devices are capable of
make a very early analysis of the
diseases
imagine that kind of diseases
example as lung cancer
ovarian cancer pancreatic cancer
all that kind of cancer that does not
we are only able to
detect them when they are already in a phase
more advanced with these devices
we will be able to detect it
just when they are in the first
beginnings when they start having those
first biomolecular changes that we
they will therefore allow detecting that
those people are starting with that
type of cancer and therefore we are going to
be able to give them the therapy that
It suits a lot more
advanced that it may seem that what
what I am telling you is science
fiction that would have seemed to me
Grandma made us at that time
said let’s manufacture in a sensor with
which you will be able to do yourself
those measures not because possibly to it
It would also have seemed like science
fiction
however this glucose biosensor to
today they do not use millions of
people around the world
maybe they have seen the movie gattaca a
science fiction icon remember
of this movie in which humans
they were divided between
genetically perfect and imperfect
if you remember in this film these
humans is we knew what kind ap
type belonged
simply because there was a meter with
which with a small drop of urine or
okay with a simple hair the person is
they put the little machine and in a matter of
seconds I told you what was the profile
genetic of that person very well this
that we saw in the movie gattaca very
it will soon stop being science film
fiction to become
the reality I imagine that also
will be starting to think not all
these ethical or privacy issues
that open with this new advancement
technological we are going to have sensors
cold everywhere as it happened in
the gattaca movie we really want
have a sensor that is going to tell us that
we are starting a disease years
before they can not diagnose it
if for example there is no cure for this
illness as occurs for example in the
case of Alzheimer’s or for example we
interesting to know what we have
predisposition to suffer from a disease
in the future if we all know if we know
what predisposition is not always
means that one develops the
disease
well maybe right now I do not have
answer and possibly you
not to all these questions but I
here what I want to do is
transmit a message of optimism
imagine that we have these little ones
sensors that are easy to use that
they are comfortable they are cheap and we can
use them third world regions
where millions of people do not have
access to the diagnosis imagine
infections that we can detect from this
forms infections like malaria like
tuberculosis and dengue or as the
been because curiously all of these
millions of people in the third world
they do not have access to healthcare and have neither
they are even connected to light or water
but nevertheless they all have a
mobile phone because today the
number of mobile phones is finished
to equal the number of inhabitants in
our planet
therefore this what I want them
transmit is that it really is
technology can be very positive for
to be able to help all these people
according to the world organization of
health in the year 2030
approximately 70% of deaths
will be due exclusively to the
chronic diseases caused by the
aging of our society
so therefore it will be very good and
very beneficial to be able to count on all
these sensors to be able to give more
comfort of a better quality of life to
all our aging society and already
to finish I just want
leave them
prison the diagnosis is always the
first link in medicine
we are prepared for this authentic
revolution in health care
stresses that he approaches steps
gigantic
we are really prepared to
control our own health of the
palm of our hand from our hand
with our mobile
thank you very much
[Applause]
[Music]
”
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