Brain 101 | National Geographic

the brain is the most complex organ in

the brain is the most complex organ in the human body as part of the nervous

the human body as part of the nervous

the human body as part of the nervous system the brain coordinates all of the

system the brain coordinates all of the

system the brain coordinates all of the body’s functions in adult humans the

body’s functions in adult humans the

body’s functions in adult humans the brain is a three pound gelatinous mass

brain is a three pound gelatinous mass

brain is a three pound gelatinous mass of fat and protein it’s comprised of

of fat and protein it’s comprised of

of fat and protein it’s comprised of four main regions the cerebrum the

four main regions the cerebrum the

four main regions the cerebrum the cerebellum the brain stem and the

cerebellum the brain stem and the

cerebellum the brain stem and the diencephalon and each one controls

diencephalon and each one controls

diencephalon and each one controls specific tasks the largest section is

specific tasks the largest section is

specific tasks the largest section is the cerebrum and it makes up over

the cerebrum and it makes up over

the cerebrum and it makes up over three-quarters of the brain’s volume it

three-quarters of the brain’s volume it

three-quarters of the brain’s volume it consists of neurons and nerve fibers

consists of neurons and nerve fibers

consists of neurons and nerve fibers that transmit information from the

that transmit information from the

that transmit information from the neurons throughout the brain and body

neurons throughout the brain and body

neurons throughout the brain and body the cerebrum controls higher functions

the cerebrum controls higher functions

the cerebrum controls higher functions such as learning reasoning and speech

such as learning reasoning and speech

such as learning reasoning and speech plus senses like sight and hearing under

plus senses like sight and hearing under

plus senses like sight and hearing under the cerebrum is the second largest part

the cerebrum is the second largest part

the cerebrum is the second largest part of the brain the cerebellum much like

of the brain the cerebellum much like

of the brain the cerebellum much like the cerebrum the cerebellum has nerve

the cerebrum the cerebellum has nerve

the cerebrum the cerebellum has nerve cells and nerve fibers it carries

cells and nerve fibers it carries

cells and nerve fibers it carries signals to other parts of the brain and

signals to other parts of the brain and

signals to other parts of the brain and the spinal cord

the spinal cord

the spinal cord the cerebellum is responsible for

the cerebellum is responsible for

the cerebellum is responsible for coordinating muscle movements

coordinating muscle movements

coordinating muscle movements particularly those that help maintain

particularly those that help maintain

particularly those that help maintain the body’s balance and posture the third

the body’s balance and posture the third

the body’s balance and posture the third region the brainstem lies in front of

region the brainstem lies in front of

region the brainstem lies in front of the cerebellum and anchors the brain

the cerebellum and anchors the brain

the cerebellum and anchors the brain into the spinal cord the brainstem is

into the spinal cord the brainstem is

into the spinal cord the brainstem is the collection of structures that

the collection of structures that

the collection of structures that include the pons a mass of nerve fibers

include the pons a mass of nerve fibers

include the pons a mass of nerve fibers that carry sensory information the

that carry sensory information the

that carry sensory information the midbrain a region of fibers and

midbrain a region of fibers and

midbrain a region of fibers and structures that help control movement

structures that help control movement

structures that help control movement along with auditory and visual

along with auditory and visual

along with auditory and visual processing and the medulla oblongata

processing and the medulla oblongata

processing and the medulla oblongata which creates motor and sensory pathways

which creates motor and sensory pathways

which creates motor and sensory pathways between the midbrain the pons and the

between the midbrain the pons and the

between the midbrain the pons and the spinal cord altogether the parts of the

spinal cord altogether the parts of the

spinal cord altogether the parts of the brainstem controlled vital bodily

brainstem controlled vital bodily

brainstem controlled vital bodily functions such as cardiac activity

functions such as cardiac activity

functions such as cardiac activity respiration digestion and sleep

the fourth region is located above the

the fourth region is located above the brainstem and makes up the core of the

brainstem and makes up the core of the

brainstem and makes up the core of the brain the diencephalon about the size of

brain the diencephalon about the size of

brain the diencephalon about the size of an apricot the diencephalon is a

an apricot the diencephalon is a

an apricot the diencephalon is a grouping of several structures the

grouping of several structures the

grouping of several structures the thalamus which processes and transmits

thalamus which processes and transmits

thalamus which processes and transmits information from all senses except smell

information from all senses except smell

information from all senses except smell and the hypothalamus and pituitary gland

and the hypothalamus and pituitary gland

and the hypothalamus and pituitary gland which work together to produce and

which work together to produce and

which work together to produce and regulate neuro chemicals these

regulate neuro chemicals these

regulate neuro chemicals these structures help govern sensations weight

structures help govern sensations weight

structures help govern sensations weight regulation energy and instinctual

regulation energy and instinctual

regulation energy and instinctual behaviors such as eating drinking and

behaviors such as eating drinking and

behaviors such as eating drinking and having sex the brains four main

having sex the brains four main

having sex the brains four main components the diencephalon brainstem

components the diencephalon brainstem

components the diencephalon brainstem cerebellum and cerebrum work in sync to

cerebellum and cerebrum work in sync to

cerebellum and cerebrum work in sync to ensure bodily functions are fully

ensure bodily functions are fully

ensure bodily functions are fully operational the brain has even evolved

operational the brain has even evolved

operational the brain has even evolved mechanisms to protect itself one such

mechanisms to protect itself one such

mechanisms to protect itself one such mechanism is the blood-brain barrier a

mechanism is the blood-brain barrier a

mechanism is the blood-brain barrier a semipermeable cellular wall that only

semipermeable cellular wall that only

semipermeable cellular wall that only allows specific chemicals to enter from

allows specific chemicals to enter from

allows specific chemicals to enter from the body’s bloodstream into the brain

the body’s bloodstream into the brain

the body’s bloodstream into the brain [Music]

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[Music] despite this protection tumors and other

despite this protection tumors and other

despite this protection tumors and other complications can lead to

complications can lead to

complications can lead to life-threatening problems and diseases

life-threatening problems and diseases

life-threatening problems and diseases in the brain such as dementia thankfully

in the brain such as dementia thankfully

in the brain such as dementia thankfully scientists have found ways to improve

scientists have found ways to improve

scientists have found ways to improve brain health staying physically active

brain health staying physically active

brain health staying physically active and eating a balanced diet may preserve

and eating a balanced diet may preserve

and eating a balanced diet may preserve cognitive function and even reduce the

cognitive function and even reduce the

cognitive function and even reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer’s so while

risk of developing Alzheimer’s so while

risk of developing Alzheimer’s so while the brain only makes up a small

the brain only makes up a small

the brain only makes up a small percentage of the body it plays a

percentage of the body it plays a

percentage of the body it plays a crucial role in the body’s functions and

crucial role in the body’s functions and

crucial role in the body’s functions and overall well-being

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[Music] you