good afternoon
I’m going to tell you about the disease
alzheimer
Alzheimer’s is a disease
degenerative brain
produced by protein deposits
garbage that intoxicate neurons and
destroys producing memory loss
loss of mental abilities and
loss of autonomy forcing the
person to be dependent on a caregiver
in the world there are nowadays
46 million people with disease
of Alzheimer’s in the year 2030 will be 74
millions of people and in 2050 131
millions of people with this disease
Every four minutes a
new case of Alzheimer’s disease
there
it’s the brain
it’s a normal brain compared to a
brain affected by the disease
alzheimer
the difference is that this brain with
Alzheimer’s has lost approximately 500
700 grams grams is a brain
with smaller volume with less size and with
less weight due to neuronal loss
next at the microscopic level
if you look at a small fragment of
brain what we’re going to see is this
plate that is the protein waste called
amyloid a plaque that produces damage
the neurons and neuronal death of the
neighboring neurons
There are two types of Alzheimer’s Alzheimer
sporadic and genetic Alzheimer’s or
family
Familial genetic Alzheimer’s occurs
before 65 years of age and the
sporadic conventional starts after
65 years old
this is the most common compared to the
genetic that has only 1% of the
affected population in Antioquia has
discovered a genetic way to the
alzheimer’s disease in
University of Antioquia has come
studying this genetic form from the
decade of the 80 and are identified 25
families from different
affected regions of Antioquia with this
genetic form of early Alzheimer’s is
considered antioquia one of the few
genetic isolates of the world is a one
genetic isolation is a place where
there was little mixing and then Alzheimer’s
genetic was brought from europe and it was
planted in the Antioquia region until
today we have studied 6,000
pardon 5,846 members of 25 families who
they have more than 6,000 heirs and of those
five thousand 846
we have detected a thousand 119 carriers of the
mutation that produces the disease is
say that these one thousand 119 people or are
sick or they will necessarily get sick
the next years
This is a drawing of one of a person
of yarumal affected with loss of
memory for genetic Alzheimer’s the sixth
of high school had made this drawing
and we asked him to repeat it and look what
what could he do
he has lost the ability to draw
here you can also see how
is unable to reproduce its own
next drawings is another person from
angostura whom we ask you to copy
this drawing because they had complaints of
memory and was part of a family with
genetic Alzheimer’s and this was what
could do at the next 38 years but
looking at the 43
we ask him the same task he even repeats
a segment of the drawing because he forgets
have already disclosed it following at 45
has lost more ability for
next drawing at 50 much more to
the 51 people have totally lost the
ability to draw only reaches
make a production line of drawings
following
there are three types of ata there are three states
of Alzheimer’s disease
I’m going to start with the last dementia
dementia is a state that lasts ten
10 or more years and characterized
because the person has lost memory and
has lost mental abilities in a
extent that the lost autonomy
independence and requires care
but before dementia
there is a state we call amnesia the
table is a state that can last 25
years and that precedes that of mese
characterizes because the person has
amnesia memory loss
he does not have dementia and therefore he is
autonomous is independent can work
and more interesting still there is a state that
precedes the amnesia that is called
Asymptomatic or Alzheimer’s Alzheimer
preclinical is a state that can last
25 years in which the person does not
complaint of nothing is completely healthy
completely asymptomatic but in its
brain waste is being deposited
who are silently destroying their
brain have been studied more than 800
medications in recent years for
try to cure the disease
Alzheimer’s and most of them have
failed
the reason why they have failed
it’s probably because those those
medicines have been used in the
inappropriate moment in dementia
here we have the image of an exam that
it’s called pep amyloid there’s an exam that
consists of injecting a substance by
the vein that substance study the
brain amyloid sticks and garbage
that produces the disease and one can
see how much garbage is in the brain
that looks red
this is a person from the United States of
philips with conventional alzheimer
party full of amyloid and this is a
Angostura person who traveled to be
the test to arizona full of amyloid and
exporter of the genetic mutation that
produces Alzheimer’s with the mutation
country and this is another person from angostura
not carrier of the healthy mutation and
clean amyloid
We take 50 people from these families and
we found that the amyloid starts to
deposit at 28 years of age although
the first symptoms start at 44
years is the age of 28 allowed us
make the decision to start our
clinical trial of which I am going to talk about
right away into older people
Next 30 years
We believe that it is more feasible to prevent
cure Alzheimer’s the fact that they have
failed most medications
used in people with dementia
that is telling us that we are
using at the wrong time
we should use the before the
dementia in the state of amnesia and better
still use them in the pre-clinical stage
of the illness
so what we are proposing in the
neuroscience group of college
of antioquia is this
tertiary prevention prevention
tertiary that would mean treating people
with memory problems but without
dementia with the aim of preventing
evolve to dementia but better than
tertiary prevention would be to do
secondary prevention prevention
secondary is to treat healthy people but with
deposit of garbage at brain level
no symptoms but already with the disease
in progress
trying to eliminate those rubbish for
prevent them from reaching the problems of
memory and even more interesting would be
make primary prevention prevention
primary would be to treat asymptomatic people
but they still do not have the deposits
of trash at the brain level that is
treat people under 28
at this moment we are not yet
doing primary prevention we are
doing a prevention study
secondary in those over 30 and we hope
start a prevention study
tertiary next year in older than
44 years with symptoms of problems of
memory
Medellin Colombia has the option and the
opportunity to offer the first study
of primary prevention for
Alzheimer’s disease in the world
because we have identified 400
members of these
families under 28 carriers
of the mutation paisa condemados a
suffer from Alzheimer’s disease in
the next years
you can help prevent Alzheimer’s
as identifying people with dementia
precocious before age 65 and
referring them to the neuroscience group
from the University of Antioquia so that
healthy family members at risk can
participate in these investigations of
prevention
we have started a prevention study
in 2013 252 people are linked
study that has been closed and they will receive
treatment until the year 2022 for
answer the question if we can
prevent or delay the start of
Symptoms of the disease is a study
of secondary prevention because they are
participating healthy people without symptoms
who already have their rubbish deposited to
brain level
we want to start the study of
tertiary prevention in the coming year
and the primary prevention in 2018
if you have a family member or a friend a
known with severe memory loss
with precocious Alzheimer’s to invite them to
participate in these studies
prevention
thank you very much
[Applause]
[Music]
”
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