so question when a scientist thinks about themselves or when scientists
about themselves or when scientists
about themselves or when scientists think about themselves what do they
think about themselves what do they
think about themselves what do they think about no not an individual
think about no not an individual
think about no not an individual scientists like me thinking about myself
scientists like me thinking about myself
scientists like me thinking about myself but when scientists collectively think
but when scientists collectively think
but when scientists collectively think about themselves collectively what do
about themselves collectively what do
about themselves collectively what do they have in mind I would please let me
they have in mind I would please let me
they have in mind I would please let me explain my question so if I talk to a
explain my question so if I talk to a
explain my question so if I talk to a body of students who have different
body of students who have different
body of students who have different aspirations one wants to go into the
aspirations one wants to go into the
aspirations one wants to go into the political establishment one of them
political establishment one of them
political establishment one of them wants to go into the legal profession
wants to go into the legal profession
wants to go into the legal profession these words that we use to talk about
these words that we use to talk about
these words that we use to talk about things body establishment profession are
things body establishment profession are
things body establishment profession are important partly because they tell us
important partly because they tell us
important partly because they tell us something about the way historically
something about the way historically
something about the way historically that group has been viewed and probably
that group has been viewed and probably
that group has been viewed and probably because they form our view of that group
because they form our view of that group
because they form our view of that group for the future so then asking a student
for the future so then asking a student
for the future so then asking a student body how the scientists think about
body how the scientists think about
body how the scientists think about themselves collectively
themselves collectively
so a scientist is a member of a
so a scientist is a member of a scientific community which might on the
scientific community which might on the
scientific community which might on the face of it seems strange in as much as
face of it seems strange in as much as
face of it seems strange in as much as when you think of a scientist you think
when you think of a scientist you think
when you think of a scientist you think of one crazy guy in a lab coat if you
of one crazy guy in a lab coat if you
of one crazy guy in a lab coat if you think of scientists at all when you
think of scientists at all when you
think of scientists at all when you learn to write scientific reports you’re
learn to write scientific reports you’re
learn to write scientific reports you’re told to remove all mention of the actual
told to remove all mention of the actual
told to remove all mention of the actual scientists that did it the laser power
scientists that did it the laser power
scientists that did it the laser power was increased as if by magic it’s almost
was increased as if by magic it’s almost
was increased as if by magic it’s almost as if scientists are somehow embarrassed
as if scientists are somehow embarrassed
as if scientists are somehow embarrassed that scientists exist they just want to
that scientists exist they just want to
that scientists exist they just want to put the science out there as objectively
put the science out there as objectively
put the science out there as objectively an unhuman lee as possible but our
an unhuman lee as possible but our
an unhuman lee as possible but our language betrays us in the same way the
language betrays us in the same way the
language betrays us in the same way the body of students forms itself into a
body of students forms itself into a
body of students forms itself into a student union a scientific community for
student union a scientific community for
student union a scientific community for example I belong to the Austrian
example I belong to the Austrian
example I belong to the Austrian physical society again this word of
physical society again this word of
physical society again this word of society community it comes up it betrays
society community it comes up it betrays
society community it comes up it betrays the fact that however a bijective an
the fact that however a bijective an
the fact that however a bijective an unhuman we would like to be the
unhuman we would like to be the
unhuman we would like to be the scientific process is at core a
scientific process is at core a
scientific process is at core a community endeavor so there’s a lot of
community endeavor so there’s a lot of
community endeavor so there’s a lot of talk about
scientifically literacy understanding
scientifically literacy understanding science from educators politicians the
science from educators politicians the
science from educators politicians the general public that they should
general public that they should
general public that they should understand what science is about and
understand what science is about and
understand what science is about and it’s nice to think that you know that
it’s nice to think that you know that
it’s nice to think that you know that equals MC squared but I’m going to argue
equals MC squared but I’m going to argue
equals MC squared but I’m going to argue today that more important for
today that more important for
today that more important for understanding science is to understand
understanding science is to understand
understanding science is to understand that at core science is a community
that at core science is a community
that at core science is a community endeavor so
endeavor so
endeavor so [Music]
[Music]
[Music] there’s a way that people sometimes
there’s a way that people sometimes
there’s a way that people sometimes think of science that basically science
think of science that basically science
think of science that basically science looks like this okay you put the data in
looks like this okay you put the data in
looks like this okay you put the data in the top you turn the handle and the
the top you turn the handle and the
the top you turn the handle and the results come out the end this is how
results come out the end this is how
results come out the end this is how science works we kind of think and in
science works we kind of think and in
science works we kind of think and in this picture there are three things that
this picture there are three things that
this picture there are three things that a scientist can do they can shovel data
a scientist can do they can shovel data
a scientist can do they can shovel data into the top they can turn an well they
into the top they can turn an well they
into the top they can turn an well they can wipe the results up that come out
can wipe the results up that come out
can wipe the results up that come out the end there’s no community in this
the end there’s no community in this
the end there’s no community in this picture so there’s just one guy doing
picture so there’s just one guy doing
picture so there’s just one guy doing this you can specialize in this and he
this you can specialize in this and he
this you can specialize in this and he doesn’t need any want it just shovels it
doesn’t need any want it just shovels it
doesn’t need any want it just shovels it in or we can turn the handle but we can
in or we can turn the handle but we can
in or we can turn the handle but we can pick up the results they don’t have to
pick up the results they don’t have to
pick up the results they don’t have to interact with each other one scientist
interact with each other one scientist
interact with each other one scientist could do all three jobs or he could
could do all three jobs or he could
could do all three jobs or he could specialize which means if my main aim
specialize which means if my main aim
specialize which means if my main aim today is to try and convince you that
today is to try and convince you that
today is to try and convince you that society science works in community that
society science works in community that
society science works in community that either means that my whole thesis is
either means that my whole thesis is
either means that my whole thesis is wrong well that this picture doesn’t
wrong well that this picture doesn’t
wrong well that this picture doesn’t tell us the whole story so I’m going to
tell us the whole story so I’m going to
tell us the whole story so I’m going to just work through this bit by bit and
just work through this bit by bit and
just work through this bit by bit and see where maybe the business story
see where maybe the business story
see where maybe the business story missing what do we put in the top so
missing what do we put in the top so
missing what do we put in the top so some time ago I was I was working on
some time ago I was I was working on
some time ago I was I was working on building iron traps I want to take a
building iron traps I want to take a
building iron traps I want to take a single atom pull electron off and I want
single atom pull electron off and I want
single atom pull electron off and I want to hold it somewhere and I can build
to hold it somewhere and I can build
to hold it somewhere and I can build devices to do this this is the device
devices to do this this is the device
devices to do this this is the device then this is a little cloud of atoms
then this is a little cloud of atoms
then this is a little cloud of atoms sitting above it now schematically it
sitting above it now schematically it
sitting above it now schematically it looks like this and importantly these
looks like this and importantly these
looks like this and importantly these are cold and when I say cold I mean this
are cold and when I say cold I mean this
are cold and when I say cold I mean this is about three millionths of a degree
is about three millionths of a degree
is about three millionths of a degree above absolute zero and this is about
above absolute zero and this is about
above absolute zero and this is about room temperature so it’s a hundred
room temperature so it’s a hundred
room temperature so it’s a hundred million times hotter than the ions and
million times hotter than the ions and
million times hotter than the ions and it’s about half a milliliter away and it
it’s about half a milliliter away and it
it’s about half a milliliter away and it shouldn’t come as a surprise to you that
shouldn’t come as a surprise to you that
shouldn’t come as a surprise to you that when you put a very cold thing next to
when you put a very cold thing next to
when you put a very cold thing next to our hot thing the cold thing heats up
our hot thing the cold thing heats up
our hot thing the cold thing heats up and this is what we observe but the big
and this is what we observe but the big
and this is what we observe but the big puzzle was it was heating up about a
puzzle was it was heating up about a
puzzle was it was heating up about a billion times faster than we would
billion times faster than we would
billion times faster than we would naively expect it to
naively expect it to
naively expect it to so we need to put something in the top
so we need to put something in the top
so we need to put something in the top we need to put some data in but the
we need to put some data in but the
we need to put some data in but the question is what data do we put in this
question is what data do we put in this
question is what data do we put in this machine doesn’t tell us what data at
machine doesn’t tell us what data at
machine doesn’t tell us what data at wants so you can say well maybe the
wants so you can say well maybe the
wants so you can say well maybe the material I make it off is significant
material I make it off is significant
material I make it off is significant maybe if i make it of gold or copper it
maybe if i make it of gold or copper it
maybe if i make it of gold or copper it makes a difference is that the kind of
makes a difference is that the kind of
makes a difference is that the kind of thing that’s worth considering is that
thing that’s worth considering is that
thing that’s worth considering is that the data that’s worth putting in the top
the data that’s worth putting in the top
the data that’s worth putting in the top and the answer is yes but then we have a
and the answer is yes but then we have a
and the answer is yes but then we have a spectrum here and you say is what I had
spectrum here and you say is what I had
spectrum here and you say is what I had for breakfast we’re going to be
for breakfast we’re going to be
for breakfast we’re going to be important and the answer is probably not
important and the answer is probably not
important and the answer is probably not my breakfast does not change my results
my breakfast does not change my results
my breakfast does not change my results in the lab so we can ignore this and
in the lab so we can ignore this and
in the lab so we can ignore this and those two are obvious but there are lots
those two are obvious but there are lots
those two are obvious but there are lots of things in the middle which are kind
of things in the middle which are kind
of things in the middle which are kind of grey so for example is it worth
of grey so for example is it worth
of grey so for example is it worth considering the surface finish of my
considering the surface finish of my
considering the surface finish of my metal probably but conceivably it’s
metal probably but conceivably it’s
metal probably but conceivably it’s irrelevant is it worth considering the
irrelevant is it worth considering the
irrelevant is it worth considering the number of sunspots that day probably not
number of sunspots that day probably not
number of sunspots that day probably not but we did come up with one or two
but we did come up with one or two
but we did come up with one or two models where it might have been relevant
models where it might have been relevant
models where it might have been relevant so within this mechanistic scientific
so within this mechanistic scientific
so within this mechanistic scientific model there is no way of saying this is
model there is no way of saying this is
model there is no way of saying this is the information it’s important and this
the information it’s important and this
the information it’s important and this is not because until we understand the
is not because until we understand the
is not because until we understand the problem we don’t know what we need to
problem we don’t know what we need to
problem we don’t know what we need to learn about but if we understood the
learn about but if we understood the
learn about but if we understood the problem that we wouldn’t be doing the
problem that we wouldn’t be doing the
problem that we wouldn’t be doing the research because there wouldn’t be a
research because there wouldn’t be a
research because there wouldn’t be a question to ask so what the scientists
question to ask so what the scientists
question to ask so what the scientists do I spent four years going around and
do I spent four years going around and
do I spent four years going around and talking to people other scientists
talking to people other scientists
talking to people other scientists there’s one view that says well just
there’s one view that says well just
there’s one view that says well just shovel as much stuffing to the top as
shovel as much stuffing to the top as
shovel as much stuffing to the top as possible we don’t understand but
possible we don’t understand but
possible we don’t understand but hopefully we’ll get working we’ll find
hopefully we’ll get working we’ll find
hopefully we’ll get working we’ll find something out there’s another view that
something out there’s another view that
something out there’s another view that says stop go back to the beginning look
says stop go back to the beginning look
says stop go back to the beginning look at all of our assumptions everything we
at all of our assumptions everything we
at all of our assumptions everything we ever thought what have we assumed what
ever thought what have we assumed what
ever thought what have we assumed what do we not even realize we assumed what
do we not even realize we assumed what
do we not even realize we assumed what do we assume that never talked about and
if you go for the option of picking out
if you go for the option of picking out your assumptions you’ll spend a long
your assumptions you’ll spend a long
your assumptions you’ll spend a long time doing that and you’re slowly but
time doing that and you’re slowly but
time doing that and you’re slowly but surely get there and if you just throw
surely get there and if you just throw
surely get there and if you just throw things in the top maybe you’ll get lucky
things in the top maybe you’ll get lucky
things in the top maybe you’ll get lucky and maybe you’ll spend your entire life
and maybe you’ll spend your entire life
and maybe you’ll spend your entire life doing random experiments this mechanism
doing random experiments this mechanism
doing random experiments this mechanism doesn’t tell us that what scientists do
doesn’t tell us that what scientists do
doesn’t tell us that what scientists do is within community they discuss it
is within community they discuss it
is within community they discuss it sometimes passionately what exactly you
sometimes passionately what exactly you
sometimes passionately what exactly you should do now to cut a long story short
should do now to cut a long story short
should do now to cut a long story short what actually the cause of this heating
what actually the cause of this heating
what actually the cause of this heating that we didn’t understand was that there
that we didn’t understand was that there
that we didn’t understand was that there wasn’t one single thing causing the
wasn’t one single thing causing the
wasn’t one single thing causing the problem there were many things there are
problem there were many things there are
problem there were many things there are at least six different mechanisms we
at least six different mechanisms we
at least six different mechanisms we identified but to understand those
identified but to understand those
identified but to understand those mechanisms we needed to find a surface
mechanisms we needed to find a surface
mechanisms we needed to find a surface scientist a material scientist an
scientist a material scientist an
scientist a material scientist an electrical engineer a theorists and
electrical engineer a theorists and
electrical engineer a theorists and experimentalists someone who’s prepared
experimentalists someone who’s prepared
experimentalists someone who’s prepared to run ahead and just try crazy ideas
to run ahead and just try crazy ideas
to run ahead and just try crazy ideas and someone who’s prepared step-by-step
and someone who’s prepared step-by-step
and someone who’s prepared step-by-step to work things through we needed a
to work things through we needed a
to work things through we needed a community of scientists
so here this picture of one guy
so here this picture of one guy shoveling stuff in the top is is is too
shoveling stuff in the top is is is too
shoveling stuff in the top is is is too simplistic we need a community now
simplistic we need a community now
simplistic we need a community now moving on how long should we turn the
moving on how long should we turn the
moving on how long should we turn the handle for
to give a quick clue turning it forever
to give a quick clue turning it forever and never stopping just cranking that
and never stopping just cranking that
and never stopping just cranking that handle is probably not a good way to do
handle is probably not a good way to do
handle is probably not a good way to do science because it gets boring off the
science because it gets boring off the
science because it gets boring off the first thousand years at some point you
first thousand years at some point you
first thousand years at some point you want to move on and do something else
want to move on and do something else
want to move on and do something else but saying we’ll just turn it once is
but saying we’ll just turn it once is
but saying we’ll just turn it once is probably not the right answer either and
probably not the right answer either and
probably not the right answer either and somewhere in the middle is where it gets
somewhere in the middle is where it gets
somewhere in the middle is where it gets interesting so when people look for
interesting so when people look for
interesting so when people look for example for the Higgs boson they got
example for the Higgs boson they got
example for the Higgs boson they got sufficient data that the probability of
sufficient data that the probability of
sufficient data that the probability of a false positive the probability of
a false positive the probability of
a false positive the probability of thinking it was there when it wasn’t was
thinking it was there when it wasn’t was
thinking it was there when it wasn’t was one in three million now they could have
one in three million now they could have
one in three million now they could have spent another ten years and another ten
spent another ten years and another ten
spent another ten years and another ten billion dollars to get that probability
billion dollars to get that probability
billion dollars to get that probability down to one in 30 billion 1 in 300
down to one in 30 billion 1 in 300
down to one in 30 billion 1 in 300 billion it’s still uncertainty but at
billion it’s still uncertainty but at
billion it’s still uncertainty but at some point you have to stop and say
some point you have to stop and say
some point you have to stop and say enough’s enough we’re going to move on
enough’s enough we’re going to move on
enough’s enough we’re going to move on to another question if you spend an
to another question if you spend an
to another question if you spend an extra couple of years trying to be small
extra couple of years trying to be small
extra couple of years trying to be small certain if that he’s boson no one’s
certain if that he’s boson no one’s
certain if that he’s boson no one’s going to die it’s not a problem on the
going to die it’s not a problem on the
going to die it’s not a problem on the other hand in medical sciences the
other hand in medical sciences the
other hand in medical sciences the longer you wait to just double check
longer you wait to just double check
longer you wait to just double check that your cure works people are dying
that your cure works people are dying
that your cure works people are dying which is why in medical sciences you say
which is why in medical sciences you say
which is why in medical sciences you say one chance in 20 is good enough
so let me show you a map now if you’ll
so let me show you a map now if you’ll excuse the great oversimplification
excuse the great oversimplification
excuse the great oversimplification roughly speaking the country shown in
roughly speaking the country shown in
roughly speaking the country shown in red on this map the countries that poor
red on this map the countries that poor
red on this map the countries that poor significant amounts of money into
significant amounts of money into
significant amounts of money into scientific research on things like
scientific research on things like
scientific research on things like climate change and they’ve worked out
climate change and they’ve worked out
climate change and they’ve worked out that climate change is happening the
that climate change is happening the
that climate change is happening the world is almost certainly getting warmer
world is almost certainly getting warmer
world is almost certainly getting warmer and they’re pretty sure they know what’s
and they’re pretty sure they know what’s
and they’re pretty sure they know what’s causing it but almost certainly and
causing it but almost certainly and
causing it but almost certainly and pretty sure is not absolutely certain
pretty sure is not absolutely certain
pretty sure is not absolutely certain and absolutely sure so you can always
and absolutely sure so you can always
and absolutely sure so you can always say we should turn the handle for longer
say we should turn the handle for longer
say we should turn the handle for longer we can refine our models more we can
we can refine our models more we can
we can refine our models more we can check whether or not the world has so
check whether or not the world has so
check whether or not the world has so far warmed up by nor point 82 degrees or
far warmed up by nor point 82 degrees or
far warmed up by nor point 82 degrees or by new point 79 degrees we can get the
by new point 79 degrees we can get the
by new point 79 degrees we can get the precision higher and higher but at some
precision higher and higher but at some
precision higher and higher but at some point we have to ask should we keep
point we have to ask should we keep
point we have to ask should we keep turning the handle we can flip the
turning the handle we can flip the
turning the handle we can flip the question around and say when should we
question around and say when should we
question around and say when should we stop turning the handle if I show you
stop turning the handle if I show you
stop turning the handle if I show you another picture this marks in red if
another picture this marks in red if
another picture this marks in red if you’ll excuse the oversimplification
you’ll excuse the oversimplification
you’ll excuse the oversimplification this marks in red the countries that are
this marks in red the countries that are
this marks in red the countries that are most going to get hurt by climate change
most going to get hurt by climate change
most going to get hurt by climate change it’s not coincidental that the guys who
it’s not coincidental that the guys who
it’s not coincidental that the guys who have enough money to invest in research
have enough money to invest in research
have enough money to invest in research into climate change are also the guys
into climate change are also the guys
into climate change are also the guys that have enough money to pay for bigger
that have enough money to pay for bigger
that have enough money to pay for bigger air conditioners or bigger flood
air conditioners or bigger flood
air conditioners or bigger flood defenses so the scientists sitting up
defenses so the scientists sitting up
defenses so the scientists sitting up here can quite happily keep on turning
here can quite happily keep on turning
here can quite happily keep on turning the handle and refining their theories
the handle and refining their theories
the handle and refining their theories and it’s not going to hurt them just yet
and it’s not going to hurt them just yet
and it’s not going to hurt them just yet where is the guy sitting down here are
where is the guy sitting down here are
where is the guy sitting down here are going to get hurt so the question when
going to get hurt so the question when
going to get hurt so the question when should we stop turning the handle in
should we stop turning the handle in
should we stop turning the handle in this situation while being an integral
this situation while being an integral
this situation while being an integral part of science is not just limited to
part of science is not just limited to
part of science is not just limited to philosophers of science in an ivory
philosophers of science in an ivory
philosophers of science in an ivory tower it is a world changing life
tower it is a world changing life
tower it is a world changing life changing moral question it’s interesting
changing moral question it’s interesting
changing moral question it’s interesting that science here when to stop turning
that science here when to stop turning
that science here when to stop turning the handle suddenly becomes a moral
the handle suddenly becomes a moral
the handle suddenly becomes a moral question who is the best placed to
question who is the best placed to
question who is the best placed to answer that question now you want
answer that question now you want
answer that question now you want someone who understands the scientific
someone who understands the scientific
someone who understands the scientific theories who understands the present
theories who understands the present
theories who understands the present state of knowledge who knows what the
state of knowledge who knows what the
state of knowledge who knows what the strong points are what we don’t really
strong points are what we don’t really
strong points are what we don’t really know or understand yet the strengths and
know or understand yet the strengths and
know or understand yet the strengths and the weaknesses of the particular
the weaknesses of the particular
the weaknesses of the particular theories the opportunities and the
theories the opportunities and the
theories the opportunities and the threats of the given technological
threats of the given technological
threats of the given technological solutions the people best placed to work
solutions the people best placed to work
solutions the people best placed to work out when to stop turning the handle and
out when to stop turning the handle and
out when to stop turning the handle and move on to a different question to stop
move on to a different question to stop
move on to a different question to stop describing the problem and start solving
describing the problem and start solving
describing the problem and start solving it are the scientists themselves
it are the scientists themselves
it are the scientists themselves involved in it now some people might say
involved in it now some people might say
involved in it now some people might say the scientists should just do the
the scientists should just do the
the scientists should just do the science and leave the decisions up to
science and leave the decisions up to
science and leave the decisions up to the politicians so the scientists
the politicians so the scientists
the politicians so the scientists explain the results as best they can to
explain the results as best they can to
explain the results as best they can to the politicians they hope that the
the politicians they hope that the
the politicians they hope that the politicians have understood it and we
politicians have understood it and we
politicians have understood it and we just have to give the politicians some
just have to give the politicians some
just have to give the politicians some moral training and hope that the
moral training and hope that the
moral training and hope that the politicians aren’t corrupt well maybe
politicians aren’t corrupt well maybe
politicians aren’t corrupt well maybe that’s a good idea or maybe we can just
that’s a good idea or maybe we can just
that’s a good idea or maybe we can just short circuit the entire process and say
short circuit the entire process and say
short circuit the entire process and say why don’t we give some moral formation
why don’t we give some moral formation
why don’t we give some moral formation to the scientists to explain to them as
to the scientists to explain to them as
to the scientists to explain to them as a community the bigger issues involved
so why then is this important firstly if
so why then is this important firstly if you consider science to be a machine
you consider science to be a machine
you consider science to be a machine like this then when you’re training
like this then when you’re training
like this then when you’re training scientists the questions you need to
scientists the questions you need to
scientists the questions you need to train them for our learners equation
train them for our learners equation
train them for our learners equation than this theory learn this experimental
than this theory learn this experimental
than this theory learn this experimental technique the idea of the scientists
technique the idea of the scientists
technique the idea of the scientists hopes aspirations beliefs values social
hopes aspirations beliefs values social
hopes aspirations beliefs values social ability are at best irrelevant to the
ability are at best irrelevant to the
ability are at best irrelevant to the scientific process and it worse
scientific process and it worse
scientific process and it worse detrimental to the scientific process on
detrimental to the scientific process on
detrimental to the scientific process on the other hand if science works as a
the other hand if science works as a
the other hand if science works as a community then questions like we can
community then questions like we can
community then questions like we can measure this but should we we can build
measure this but should we we can build
measure this but should we we can build this but should we become then integral
this but should we become then integral
this but should we become then integral to the formation of a scientist
to the formation of a scientist
to the formation of a scientist [Music]
[Music]
[Music] do they play well with others the lone
do they play well with others the lone
do they play well with others the lone mad scientist can’t cut it in the world
mad scientist can’t cut it in the world
mad scientist can’t cut it in the world of science so why then is that
of science so why then is that
of science so why then is that interesting to you guys here today given
interesting to you guys here today given
interesting to you guys here today given after young scientists so if again we
after young scientists so if again we
after young scientists so if again we have this picture where it’s just this
have this picture where it’s just this
have this picture where it’s just this mechanism then people from other fields
mechanism then people from other fields
mechanism then people from other fields from politics from philosophy from the
from politics from philosophy from the
from politics from philosophy from the theology from art from marketing our
theology from art from marketing our
theology from art from marketing our bystanders to the scientific process
bystanders to the scientific process
bystanders to the scientific process they can watch and they are recipients
they can watch and they are recipients
they can watch and they are recipients thankful recipients of whatever comes
thankful recipients of whatever comes
thankful recipients of whatever comes out the end of our machine oh look a new
out the end of our machine oh look a new
out the end of our machine oh look a new picture of the universe from the Hubble
picture of the universe from the Hubble
picture of the universe from the Hubble Space Telescope thank you very much all
Space Telescope thank you very much all
Space Telescope thank you very much all a new medical cure or a new mobile phone
a new medical cure or a new mobile phone
a new medical cure or a new mobile phone but they are detached from have no say
but they are detached from have no say
but they are detached from have no say in the churning of the handle of the
in the churning of the handle of the
in the churning of the handle of the scientific process if on the other hand
scientific process if on the other hand
scientific process if on the other hand this is a community endeavor where
this is a community endeavor where
this is a community endeavor where values are important where the idea of
values are important where the idea of
values are important where the idea of what we want to achieve through the
what we want to achieve through the
what we want to achieve through the science why we are asking these
science why we are asking these
science why we are asking these questions take on an important wait in
questions take on an important wait in
questions take on an important wait in the scientific process then you to
the scientific process then you to
the scientific process then you to become involved in the formation of the
become involved in the formation of the
become involved in the formation of the scientific community because within
scientific community because within
scientific community because within community is where and how science does
community is where and how science does
community is where and how science does and must happen and that’s why it’s
and must happen and that’s why it’s
and must happen and that’s why it’s vitally important that everyone in all
vitally important that everyone in all
vitally important that everyone in all communities that are affected by science
communities that are affected by science
communities that are affected by science understand how science works
understand how science works
understand how science works thank you very much
thank you very much
thank you very much [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
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