all right good afternoon everyone my name is cadet Sam coaling and I’m
name is cadet Sam coaling and I’m
name is cadet Sam coaling and I’m excited to talk to you today but some
excited to talk to you today but some
excited to talk to you today but some ideas I’ve been studying for a while and
ideas I’ve been studying for a while and
ideas I’ve been studying for a while and then I find both very interesting and
then I find both very interesting and
then I find both very interesting and important the title of my presentation
important the title of my presentation
important the title of my presentation is forget everything you know about
is forget everything you know about
is forget everything you know about character my thesis the big idea of this
character my thesis the big idea of this
character my thesis the big idea of this talk can be summed up in the following
talk can be summed up in the following
talk can be summed up in the following three points one character traits are
three points one character traits are
three points one character traits are far more rare and significantly less
far more rare and significantly less
far more rare and significantly less robust and we would like to believe two
robust and we would like to believe two
robust and we would like to believe two seemingly insignificant situational
seemingly insignificant situational
seemingly insignificant situational factors have much more to do with moral
factors have much more to do with moral
factors have much more to do with moral decisions than was previously understood
decisions than was previously understood
decisions than was previously understood three embracing and applying this
three embracing and applying this
three embracing and applying this knowledge as an organizational leader
knowledge as an organizational leader
knowledge as an organizational leader can be a force multiplier
can be a force multiplier
can be a force multiplier in short character as you and I have
in short character as you and I have
in short character as you and I have always known it does not exist in
always known it does not exist in
always known it does not exist in academic philosophy and psychology this
academic philosophy and psychology this
academic philosophy and psychology this position is known as situationism it’s
position is known as situationism it’s
position is known as situationism it’s uncomfortable at first but I think
uncomfortable at first but I think
uncomfortable at first but I think applying it can make us more effective
applying it can make us more effective
applying it can make us more effective people so let’s talk about this status
people so let’s talk about this status
people so let’s talk about this status quo theory of character ethics the
quo theory of character ethics the
quo theory of character ethics the incumbent theory of ethics uses this
incumbent theory of ethics uses this
incumbent theory of ethics uses this kind of terminology I think it’ll be
kind of terminology I think it’ll be
kind of terminology I think it’ll be familiar to you everyone has traits
familiar to you everyone has traits
familiar to you everyone has traits traits are something that is true about
traits are something that is true about
traits are something that is true about you some of those traits are personality
you some of those traits are personality
you some of those traits are personality traits which describe the way you
traits which describe the way you
traits which describe the way you interact with other people
interact with other people
interact with other people for instance energetic calm serious of
for instance energetic calm serious of
for instance energetic calm serious of those personality traits some of them
those personality traits some of them
those personality traits some of them are what we call morally relevant which
are what we call morally relevant which
are what we call morally relevant which means that having them makes you a good
means that having them makes you a good
means that having them makes you a good person or a bad person
person or a bad person
person or a bad person for instance honesty kindness cruelty
for instance honesty kindness cruelty
for instance honesty kindness cruelty having those makes you a good person or
having those makes you a good person or
having those makes you a good person or a bad person in a way that serious calm
a bad person in a way that serious calm
a bad person in a way that serious calm and energetic does not we call those
and energetic does not we call those
and energetic does not we call those character traits that’s what we mean
character traits that’s what we mean
character traits that’s what we mean when we say character traits so let’s
when we say character traits so let’s
when we say character traits so let’s talk about this status quo theory of
talk about this status quo theory of
talk about this status quo theory of ethics the traditional line of thinking
ethics the traditional line of thinking
ethics the traditional line of thinking goes something like this you have an
goes something like this you have an
goes something like this you have an individual they possess character traits
individual they possess character traits
individual they possess character traits they carry them around with them from
they carry them around with them from
they carry them around with them from situation to situation throughout their
situation to situation throughout their
situation to situation throughout their day if you want to say something about
day if you want to say something about
day if you want to say something about for instance Jill say that Jill is
for instance Jill say that Jill is
for instance Jill say that Jill is honest
honest
honest what you’re saying is that she tells the
what you’re saying is that she tells the
what you’re saying is that she tells the truth throughout her day she doesn’t
truth throughout her day she doesn’t
truth throughout her day she doesn’t mislead anyone and she’s been that way
mislead anyone and she’s been that way
mislead anyone and she’s been that way for a while if you say that jack is
for a while if you say that jack is
for a while if you say that jack is angry you’re saying that he is prone to
angry you’re saying that he is prone to
angry you’re saying that he is prone to outbursts of rage disproportionate to
outbursts of rage disproportionate to
outbursts of rage disproportionate to the situation he’s probably been that
the situation he’s probably been that
the situation he’s probably been that way for a while too so really what
way for a while too so really what
way for a while too so really what you’re saying about honesty and anger is
you’re saying about honesty and anger is
you’re saying about honesty and anger is two things one that they are consistent
two things one that they are consistent
two things one that they are consistent across situations and two that they are
across situations and two that they are
across situations and two that they are exhibited over time consistently what we
exhibited over time consistently what we
exhibited over time consistently what we call time endurance unfortunately as
call time endurance unfortunately as
call time endurance unfortunately as intuitive as this is I do not think it
intuitive as this is I do not think it
intuitive as this is I do not think it is correct research suggests that is
is correct research suggests that is
is correct research suggests that is incorrect
incorrect
incorrect that is a difficult claim to make for
that is a difficult claim to make for
that is a difficult claim to make for this reason the people up here are who I
this reason the people up here are who I
this reason the people up here are who I call the old guard of character ethics
call the old guard of character ethics
call the old guard of character ethics Aristotle on the left was the original
Aristotle on the left was the original
Aristotle on the left was the original character ethicist in ancient Greece now
character ethicist in ancient Greece now
character ethicist in ancient Greece now he influenced with his character ethics
he influenced with his character ethics
he influenced with his character ethics philosophy the Philosopher’s on the
philosophy the Philosopher’s on the
philosophy the Philosopher’s on the right who incorporated into major world
right who incorporated into major world
right who incorporated into major world religions this character theory and
religions this character theory and
religions this character theory and built it into the moral teachings of
built it into the moral teachings of
built it into the moral teachings of their religion for instance in the upper
their religion for instance in the upper
their religion for instance in the upper left al farabi Muslim philosopher in the
left al farabi Muslim philosopher in the
left al farabi Muslim philosopher in the upper right Abba Sena Muslim philosopher
upper right Abba Sena Muslim philosopher
upper right Abba Sena Muslim philosopher in the lower left st. Thomas Aquinas
in the lower left st. Thomas Aquinas
in the lower left st. Thomas Aquinas Catholic philosopher and in the lower
Catholic philosopher and in the lower
Catholic philosopher and in the lower right Maimonides the Sephardic Jewish
right Maimonides the Sephardic Jewish
right Maimonides the Sephardic Jewish scholar each of them built Aristotle’s
scholar each of them built Aristotle’s
scholar each of them built Aristotle’s character ethics into their own moral
character ethics into their own moral
character ethics into their own moral philosophies now if you look at a map of
philosophies now if you look at a map of
philosophies now if you look at a map of the world you see that each of the
the world you see that each of the
the world you see that each of the religions I just mentioned have covered
religions I just mentioned have covered
religions I just mentioned have covered pretty much the entire globe with the
pretty much the entire globe with the
pretty much the entire globe with the exception of East Asia the green and
exception of East Asia the green and
exception of East Asia the green and yellow countries up there which means
yellow countries up there which means
yellow countries up there which means that for a thousand years most of the
that for a thousand years most of the
that for a thousand years most of the world has been raising their children on
world has been raising their children on
world has been raising their children on an ethical theory that was inspired by
an ethical theory that was inspired by
an ethical theory that was inspired by Aristotelian character ethics that’s why
Aristotelian character ethics that’s why
Aristotelian character ethics that’s why it’s hard to argue against character
it’s hard to argue against character
it’s hard to argue against character it’s an assumption it’s difficult to
it’s an assumption it’s difficult to
it’s an assumption it’s difficult to argue against it for the same reason
argue against it for the same reason
argue against it for the same reason that a fish doesn’t know that it’s wet
that a fish doesn’t know that it’s wet
that a fish doesn’t know that it’s wet character talk is all we’ve ever really
character talk is all we’ve ever really
character talk is all we’ve ever really known in the Western world these people
known in the Western world these people
known in the Western world these people are trying to change that they are the
are trying to change that they are the
are trying to change that they are the Situationists they are unique because
Situationists they are unique because
Situationists they are unique because they have a background in Experimental
they have a background in Experimental
they have a background in Experimental Psychology and spend their time
Psychology and spend their time
Psychology and spend their time researching human moral behavior they’ve
researching human moral behavior they’ve
researching human moral behavior they’ve conducted a lot of interesting
conducted a lot of interesting
conducted a lot of interesting experiments some of which have
experiments some of which have
experiments some of which have surprising results
surprising results
surprising results I’m going to talk about those
I’m going to talk about those
I’m going to talk about those experiments and then at the end state
experiments and then at the end state
experiments and then at the end state the big takeaway from those experiments
first the Milgram shock experiment this
first the Milgram shock experiment this experiment consisted of a subject being
experiment consisted of a subject being
experiment consisted of a subject being told that he or she was to conduct a
told that he or she was to conduct a
told that he or she was to conduct a learning test with a learner who’s
learning test with a learner who’s
learning test with a learner who’s actually an experimenter the learner
actually an experimenter the learner
actually an experimenter the learner would sit on the opposite side of a
would sit on the opposite side of a
would sit on the opposite side of a large electric shock apparatus pictured
large electric shock apparatus pictured
large electric shock apparatus pictured right there for the record this is a
right there for the record this is a
right there for the record this is a picture from the movie the experimenter
picture from the movie the experimenter
picture from the movie the experimenter came out October last year does a very
came out October last year does a very
came out October last year does a very good job of showing the electric shock
good job of showing the electric shock
good job of showing the electric shock apparatus that’s not actually Stanley
apparatus that’s not actually Stanley
apparatus that’s not actually Stanley Milgram although it looks like him good
Milgram although it looks like him good
Milgram although it looks like him good movie recommended the learner sits on
movie recommended the learner sits on
movie recommended the learner sits on the other side of the electric shock
the other side of the electric shock
the other side of the electric shock apparatus who’s actually an experiment
apparatus who’s actually an experiment
apparatus who’s actually an experiment right every time the learner answers a
right every time the learner answers a
right every time the learner answers a question wrong the subject is told to
question wrong the subject is told to
question wrong the subject is told to administer a shock as punishment to
administer a shock as punishment to
administer a shock as punishment to increase the learning supposedly the
increase the learning supposedly the
increase the learning supposedly the shock increases in voltage from 15 volts
shock increases in voltage from 15 volts
shock increases in voltage from 15 volts up to 450 volts deadly levels enough to
up to 450 volts deadly levels enough to
up to 450 volts deadly levels enough to kill a human being at about 300 volts
kill a human being at about 300 volts
kill a human being at about 300 volts level the learner will cry out and pain
level the learner will cry out and pain
level the learner will cry out and pain and beg to leave the experiment some
and beg to leave the experiment some
and beg to leave the experiment some time after that the learner will kick
time after that the learner will kick
time after that the learner will kick the wall and make no further noises
the wall and make no further noises
the wall and make no further noises simulating death or seizure now what’s
simulating death or seizure now what’s
simulating death or seizure now what’s shocking is that 66 percent two out of
shocking is that 66 percent two out of
shocking is that 66 percent two out of every three of those subjects
every three of those subjects
every three of those subjects administered every single shock right up
administered every single shock right up
administered every single shock right up to the deadly levels and 100% of the
to the deadly levels and 100% of the
to the deadly levels and 100% of the subjects administered two-thirds of all
subjects administered two-thirds of all
subjects administered two-thirds of all the shocks and the only variable
the shocks and the only variable
the shocks and the only variable correlated with them going to those
correlated with them going to those
correlated with them going to those extremes was the presence of a man and a
extremes was the presence of a man and a
extremes was the presence of a man and a lab coat sitting behind them politely
lab coat sitting behind them politely
lab coat sitting behind them politely urging them to continue so what’s the
urging them to continue so what’s the
urging them to continue so what’s the main takeaway the average human will do
main takeaway the average human will do
main takeaway the average human will do what he or she is told to do by a person
what he or she is told to do by a person
what he or she is told to do by a person in perceived Authority
the Stanford Prison Experiment in the
the Stanford Prison Experiment in the 1970s Philip Zimbardo wanted to study
1970s Philip Zimbardo wanted to study
1970s Philip Zimbardo wanted to study the way that rolls affect human behavior
the way that rolls affect human behavior
the way that rolls affect human behavior so we got a group of college students
so we got a group of college students
so we got a group of college students divided them into and assigned them
divided them into and assigned them
divided them into and assigned them rules arbitrarily
rules arbitrarily
rules arbitrarily prisoners and guards he then put them
prisoners and guards he then put them
prisoners and guards he then put them into a mock prison in the basement of a
into a mock prison in the basement of a
into a mock prison in the basement of a Stanford psychology building and told
Stanford psychology building and told
Stanford psychology building and told them to simply carry out their duties to
them to simply carry out their duties to
them to simply carry out their duties to the guards maintain good order and
the guards maintain good order and
the guards maintain good order and discipline in the prison for two weeks
discipline in the prison for two weeks
discipline in the prison for two weeks the experiment had to be terminated
the experiment had to be terminated
the experiment had to be terminated after six days because entirely of their
after six days because entirely of their
after six days because entirely of their own accord
own accord
own accord the guards subjected the prisoners to so
the guards subjected the prisoners to so
the guards subjected the prisoners to so much mental and emotional abuse that
much mental and emotional abuse that
much mental and emotional abuse that they began having mental breakdowns
they began having mental breakdowns
they began having mental breakdowns yes mental breakdowns at a rate of about
yes mental breakdowns at a rate of about
yes mental breakdowns at a rate of about one person per day the only variable
one person per day the only variable
one person per day the only variable correlated with the guards going to
correlated with the guards going to
correlated with the guards going to those extremes was the assignment of the
those extremes was the assignment of the
those extremes was the assignment of the role prisoner or guarding everything
role prisoner or guarding everything
role prisoner or guarding everything else was controlled for so what’s the
else was controlled for so what’s the
else was controlled for so what’s the main takeaway the average human wants to
main takeaway the average human wants to
main takeaway the average human wants to exercise authority in a role even to a
exercise authority in a role even to a
exercise authority in a role even to a fault now those are some classic studies
fault now those are some classic studies
fault now those are some classic studies you’ve probably heard of before this
you’ve probably heard of before this
you’ve probably heard of before this one’s a little less known but it’s very
one’s a little less known but it’s very
one’s a little less known but it’s very interesting the diamond the phone booth
interesting the diamond the phone booth
interesting the diamond the phone booth experiment researchers wanted to know
experiment researchers wanted to know
experiment researchers wanted to know how much being in a good mood affects
how much being in a good mood affects
how much being in a good mood affects your ethical disposition namely to help
your ethical disposition namely to help
your ethical disposition namely to help pick up papers from a stranger drops in
pick up papers from a stranger drops in
pick up papers from a stranger drops in front of you in a train station so what
front of you in a train station so what
front of you in a train station so what they did was start leaving dimes in the
they did was start leaving dimes in the
they did was start leaving dimes in the coin return slots of telephone booths in
coin return slots of telephone booths in
coin return slots of telephone booths in this train station the way it would work
this train station the way it would work
this train station the way it would work is a subject the stranger would walk up
is a subject the stranger would walk up
is a subject the stranger would walk up enter the phone booth make the call hang
enter the phone booth make the call hang
enter the phone booth make the call hang up find the dime in the coin return slot
up find the dime in the coin return slot
up find the dime in the coin return slot and exit the phone booth at which point
and exit the phone booth at which point
and exit the phone booth at which point the experimenter would drop their papers
the experimenter would drop their papers
the experimenter would drop their papers scattering in front of the individual
scattering in front of the individual
scattering in front of the individual exit in phone booth experimenters
exit in phone booth experimenters
exit in phone booth experimenters recorded how many of these people
recorded how many of these people
recorded how many of these people exiting the phone booth stopped to help
exiting the phone booth stopped to help
exiting the phone booth stopped to help pick up those papers what they found was
pick up those papers what they found was
pick up those papers what they found was shocking of the individuals who found
shocking of the individuals who found
shocking of the individuals who found the coin in the corn return slot 93%
the coin in the corn return slot 93%
the coin in the corn return slot 93% stopped to help pick up the papers of
stopped to help pick up the papers of
stopped to help pick up the papers of the individuals who did not find the
the individuals who did not find the
the individuals who did not find the coin in the coin return slot 4% stop to
coin in the coin return slot 4% stop to
coin in the coin return slot 4% stop to help
so what’s the takeaway the average human
so what’s the takeaway the average human will act more morally will be kinder and
will act more morally will be kinder and
will act more morally will be kinder and will be nicer if they’re in a good mood
so there’s plenty of these studies I’m
so there’s plenty of these studies I’m going to go through a few that are I
going to go through a few that are I
going to go through a few that are I think pretty interesting but for
think pretty interesting but for
think pretty interesting but for interest of time a little faster in the
interest of time a little faster in the
interest of time a little faster in the upper left
upper left
upper left researchers from Princeton demonstrated
researchers from Princeton demonstrated
researchers from Princeton demonstrated that 90% of all people will walk right
that 90% of all people will walk right
that 90% of all people will walk right by a person in medical distress clearly
by a person in medical distress clearly
by a person in medical distress clearly in need of an ambulance if they’re in a
in need of an ambulance if they’re in a
in need of an ambulance if they’re in a hurry in the upper right
hurry in the upper right
hurry in the upper right researchers from Newcastle University in
researchers from Newcastle University in
researchers from Newcastle University in the UK demonstrated that pair of eyes if
the UK demonstrated that pair of eyes if
the UK demonstrated that pair of eyes if posted prominently in a break room can
posted prominently in a break room can
posted prominently in a break room can reduce instances of break room theft by
reduce instances of break room theft by
reduce instances of break room theft by 66 percent in the lower-right dan Ariely
66 percent in the lower-right dan Ariely
66 percent in the lower-right dan Ariely a researcher from Cornell are from
a researcher from Cornell are from
a researcher from Cornell are from excuse me Duke University demonstrated
excuse me Duke University demonstrated
excuse me Duke University demonstrated that the average human will be more
that the average human will be more
that the average human will be more disposed to lie and cheat if they are
disposed to lie and cheat if they are
disposed to lie and cheat if they are hungry or tired that actually skipping
hungry or tired that actually skipping
hungry or tired that actually skipping dinner will make you less ethical and in
dinner will make you less ethical and in
dinner will make you less ethical and in the lower-left researchers from Cornell
the lower-left researchers from Cornell
the lower-left researchers from Cornell discovered that the average human will
discovered that the average human will
discovered that the average human will report more conservative political
report more conservative political
report more conservative political opinions and evaluate ethical questions
opinions and evaluate ethical questions
opinions and evaluate ethical questions more harshly if they are standing within
more harshly if they are standing within
more harshly if they are standing within 10 feet of a hand sanitizer dispenser
now more and more of these studies being
now more and more of these studies being published every month and it bodes ill
published every month and it bodes ill
published every month and it bodes ill for that status quo theory of character
for that status quo theory of character
for that status quo theory of character that we’re all used to things that
that we’re all used to things that
that we’re all used to things that shouldn’t matter in our moral
shouldn’t matter in our moral
shouldn’t matter in our moral decision-making process simply do and at
decision-making process simply do and at
decision-making process simply do and at first that’s very uncomfortable but we
first that’s very uncomfortable but we
first that’s very uncomfortable but we can put this information to good use a
can put this information to good use a
can put this information to good use a leader a leader who understands the
leader a leader who understands the
leader a leader who understands the influence of the situation on human
influence of the situation on human
influence of the situation on human moral behavior will be able to make
moral behavior will be able to make
moral behavior will be able to make their organizations more ethical and
their organizations more ethical and
their organizations more ethical and that’s important so let’s consider an
that’s important so let’s consider an
that’s important so let’s consider an example that we’re all familiar with the
example that we’re all familiar with the
example that we’re all familiar with the Armed Forces the military is unique in
Armed Forces the military is unique in
Armed Forces the military is unique in the way that it can control for
the way that it can control for
the way that it can control for situational variables to a much greater
situational variables to a much greater
situational variables to a much greater extent than your average company
extent than your average company
extent than your average company your average corporation cannot make
your average corporation cannot make
your average corporation cannot make everyone wear the same clothes and stand
everyone wear the same clothes and stand
everyone wear the same clothes and stand facing the same direction at the
facing the same direction at the
facing the same direction at the position of attention for a photo the
position of attention for a photo the
position of attention for a photo the military can that matters so what I’ve
military can that matters so what I’ve
military can that matters so what I’ve done is try and take from each
done is try and take from each
done is try and take from each experiment that we just talked about a
experiment that we just talked about a
experiment that we just talked about a principle that can be used by an
principle that can be used by an
principle that can be used by an organizational leader to make the
organizational leader to make the
organizational leader to make the organization more effective whether
organization more effective whether
organization more effective whether they’re in the army or not so here’s
they’re in the army or not so here’s
they’re in the army or not so here’s what I’ve come up with the Milgram shock
what I’ve come up with the Milgram shock
what I’ve come up with the Milgram shock experiment to tell us to understand and
experiment to tell us to understand and
experiment to tell us to understand and use wisely the power that the mere
use wisely the power that the mere
use wisely the power that the mere perception of authority is capable of
perception of authority is capable of
perception of authority is capable of exerting with power comes responsibility
the Stanford Prison Experiment can tell
the Stanford Prison Experiment can tell us to capitalize on the human urge to
us to capitalize on the human urge to
us to capitalize on the human urge to fulfill roles with clear expectations
fulfill roles with clear expectations
fulfill roles with clear expectations and limitations don’t address your
and limitations don’t address your
and limitations don’t address your shoulders just by their last names
shoulders just by their last names
shoulders just by their last names address them by their rank see how they
address them by their rank see how they
address them by their rank see how they perform the diamond the phone booth
perform the diamond the phone booth
perform the diamond the phone booth experiment can tell us that if you can
experiment can tell us that if you can
experiment can tell us that if you can find a way to brighten your soldier’s
find a way to brighten your soldier’s
find a way to brighten your soldier’s day they will behave more ethically the
day they will behave more ethically the
day they will behave more ethically the Princeton heree experiment can tell us
Princeton heree experiment can tell us
Princeton heree experiment can tell us that we ought not unduly rush your
that we ought not unduly rush your
that we ought not unduly rush your subordinates to accomplish a task unless
subordinates to accomplish a task unless
subordinates to accomplish a task unless it’s absolutely necessary
it’s absolutely necessary
it’s absolutely necessary lest we risk them behaving unethically
lest we risk them behaving unethically
lest we risk them behaving unethically the New Castle breakroom eyes experiment
the New Castle breakroom eyes experiment
the New Castle breakroom eyes experiment can tell us that people will behave more
can tell us that people will behave more
can tell us that people will behave more ethically if they feel like they’re
ethically if they feel like they’re
ethically if they feel like they’re being supervised
being supervised
being supervised so supervise be around be visible be an
so supervise be around be visible be an
so supervise be around be visible be an engaged leader they’ll behave more
engaged leader they’ll behave more
engaged leader they’ll behave more ethically and then erielle ease
ethically and then erielle ease
ethically and then erielle ease dishonesty and fatigue experiment can
dishonesty and fatigue experiment can
dishonesty and fatigue experiment can tell us take care of your soldiers well
tell us take care of your soldiers well
tell us take care of your soldiers well rested well fed and de-stress soldiers
rested well fed and de-stress soldiers
rested well fed and de-stress soldiers will make more moral decisions
now let’s just sort of go up with so far
now let’s just sort of go up with so far I’m going to have to close so to restate
I’m going to have to close so to restate
I’m going to have to close so to restate the thesis the three points one
the thesis the three points one
the thesis the three points one character traits are far more rare and
character traits are far more rare and
character traits are far more rare and significantly less robust than we would
significantly less robust than we would
significantly less robust than we would like to believe two seemingly
like to believe two seemingly
like to believe two seemingly insignificant situational factors have
insignificant situational factors have
insignificant situational factors have much more to do with moral decisions
much more to do with moral decisions
much more to do with moral decisions than was previously understood three
than was previously understood three
than was previously understood three embracing and applying this knowledge as
embracing and applying this knowledge as
embracing and applying this knowledge as an organizational leader can be a force
an organizational leader can be a force
an organizational leader can be a force multiplier now I’ll leave you with an
multiplier now I’ll leave you with an
multiplier now I’ll leave you with an analogy that really stuck with me about
analogy that really stuck with me about
analogy that really stuck with me about this topic apples used to be transported
this topic apples used to be transported
this topic apples used to be transported primarily in barrels and many of those
primarily in barrels and many of those
primarily in barrels and many of those apples would go bad and need to be
apples would go bad and need to be
apples would go bad and need to be thrown away and it took a long time for
thrown away and it took a long time for
thrown away and it took a long time for the shipping companies to realize that
the shipping companies to realize that
the shipping companies to realize that it was not the apples themselves that
it was not the apples themselves that
it was not the apples themselves that were going bad but the barrels in which
were going bad but the barrels in which
were going bad but the barrels in which they’re being shipped that had tainted
they’re being shipped that had tainted
they’re being shipped that had tainted the cargo we’re at risk of making that
the cargo we’re at risk of making that
the cargo we’re at risk of making that same mistake now with apples and barrels
same mistake now with apples and barrels
same mistake now with apples and barrels but with people in situations a good
but with people in situations a good
but with people in situations a good organizational leader that wants ESCO
organizational leader that wants ESCO
organizational leader that wants ESCO conduct from their subordinates must
conduct from their subordinates must
conduct from their subordinates must understand that there are not so many
understand that there are not so many
understand that there are not so many bad people as there are bad situations a
bad people as there are bad situations a
bad people as there are bad situations a good leader must not worry only about
good leader must not worry only about
good leader must not worry only about the apples but also about the barrels
the apples but also about the barrels
the apples but also about the barrels thank you
thank you
thank you [Applause]
”
Be First to Comment