[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] you all know this sound this is the
you all know this sound this is the
you all know this sound this is the sound of the human heartbeat but how
sound of the human heartbeat but how
sound of the human heartbeat but how many of you actually know what human
many of you actually know what human
many of you actually know what human brain sounds like you’ve all seen what
brain sounds like you’ve all seen what
brain sounds like you’ve all seen what the brain looks like but how many of you
the brain looks like but how many of you
the brain looks like but how many of you know what the brain actually sounds like
know what the brain actually sounds like
know what the brain actually sounds like we here at infant the IRA Center for
we here at infant the IRA Center for
we here at infant the IRA Center for fetal and neonatal research have
fetal and neonatal research have
fetal and neonatal research have developed a way to listen to the brain
developed a way to listen to the brain
developed a way to listen to the brain and here it is I bet that’s not what you
and here it is I bet that’s not what you
and here it is I bet that’s not what you thought it would sound like it’s amazing
thought it would sound like it’s amazing
thought it would sound like it’s amazing isn’t it no artificial sounds were added
isn’t it no artificial sounds were added
isn’t it no artificial sounds were added and that is from a preterm babies brain
and that is from a preterm babies brain
and that is from a preterm babies brain but before I go any further how do I
but before I go any further how do I
but before I go any further how do I look here today I know I know the things
look here today I know I know the things
look here today I know I know the things I have to do seriously though this cap
I have to do seriously though this cap
I have to do seriously though this cap is an EEG cap it contains numerous
is an EEG cap it contains numerous
is an EEG cap it contains numerous sensors that allow us to monitor the
sensors that allow us to monitor the
sensors that allow us to monitor the brains activity in real-time and you
brains activity in real-time and you
brains activity in real-time and you might ask why is this important well
might ask why is this important well
might ask why is this important well I’ll go into that in a few moments but
I’ll go into that in a few moments but
I’ll go into that in a few moments but in the sense it’s like looking into a
in the sense it’s like looking into a
in the sense it’s like looking into a window into the brain beautiful isn’t
window into the brain beautiful isn’t
window into the brain beautiful isn’t she
she
she she is one of 78,000 babies born here
she is one of 78,000 babies born here
she is one of 78,000 babies born here annually in the country of Ireland of
annually in the country of Ireland of
annually in the country of Ireland of these 4,800 approximately are born
these 4,800 approximately are born
these 4,800 approximately are born prematurely or to look at it another way
prematurely or to look at it another way
prematurely or to look at it another way every 116 minutes a preterm baby is born
every 116 minutes a preterm baby is born
every 116 minutes a preterm baby is born to give you some context in Ireland
to give you some context in Ireland
to give you some context in Ireland pregnancy and birth a usually low-risk
pregnancy and birth a usually low-risk
pregnancy and birth a usually low-risk however
however
however 150 babies may need some form of medical
150 babies may need some form of medical
150 babies may need some form of medical intervention and for that reason we have
intervention and for that reason we have
intervention and for that reason we have neonatal cuts like the one we have here
neonatal cuts like the one we have here
neonatal cuts like the one we have here to give you some more context a
to give you some more context a
to give you some more context a full-term pregnancy is usually 40 weeks
full-term pregnancy is usually 40 weeks
full-term pregnancy is usually 40 weeks on average and the baby weighs
on average and the baby weighs
on average and the baby weighs approximately 4,000 grams whereas with a
approximately 4,000 grams whereas with a
approximately 4,000 grams whereas with a preterm baby it is defined as a baby
preterm baby it is defined as a baby
preterm baby it is defined as a baby less than 37 weeks and they usually
less than 37 weeks and they usually
less than 37 weeks and they usually weigh about 400 grams so if you think
weigh about 400 grams so if you think
weigh about 400 grams so if you think about that that’s staggering it’s like
about that that’s staggering it’s like
about that that’s staggering it’s like 10 times less than what a full-term baby
10 times less than what a full-term baby
10 times less than what a full-term baby weighs or another way of looking at it
weighs or another way of looking at it
weighs or another way of looking at it is they the smallest of the smallest
is they the smallest of the smallest
is they the smallest of the smallest babies may only weigh just as heavy as a
babies may only weigh just as heavy as a
babies may only weigh just as heavy as a bottle of water or another way to look
bottle of water or another way to look
bottle of water or another way to look at it is these babies are so small that
at it is these babies are so small that
at it is these babies are so small that if you took off your ring their actual
if you took off your ring their actual
if you took off your ring their actual whole arm could fit true through it so
whole arm could fit true through it so
whole arm could fit true through it so there are that small so how can we give
there are that small so how can we give
there are that small so how can we give these little ones the best start in life
these little ones the best start in life
these little ones the best start in life so to do that some of the smallest
so to do that some of the smallest
so to do that some of the smallest people in the planet begin their journey
people in the planet begin their journey
people in the planet begin their journey in an incubator like this one here and
in an incubator like this one here and
in an incubator like this one here and this incubator typically has a blue
this incubator typically has a blue
this incubator typically has a blue light and with this blue light it helps
light and with this blue light it helps
light and with this blue light it helps with jaundice and this is also temporary
with jaundice and this is also temporary
with jaundice and this is also temporary temperature regulated we also monitor
temperature regulated we also monitor
temperature regulated we also monitor the baby’s heart rate and breathing but
the baby’s heart rate and breathing but
the baby’s heart rate and breathing but what we do here at infant is we also
what we do here at infant is we also
what we do here at infant is we also monitor the baby’s brain waves and we do
monitor the baby’s brain waves and we do
monitor the baby’s brain waves and we do that using this type of an EEG cap like
that using this type of an EEG cap like
that using this type of an EEG cap like the one you can see here so contain
the one you can see here so contain
the one you can see here so contain sensors and we can monitor the
sensors and we can monitor the
sensors and we can monitor the brainwaves but some of you might be
brainwaves but some of you might be
brainwaves but some of you might be wondering how have I been left holding
wondering how have I been left holding
wondering how have I been left holding this baby are how have I come to this
this baby are how have I come to this
this baby are how have I come to this career pad in some ways so my
career pad in some ways so my
career pad in some ways so my fascination began when I was a fifteen
fascination began when I was a fifteen
fascination began when I was a fifteen year old with technology and a few of my
year old with technology and a few of my
year old with technology and a few of my classmates and I came together and we
classmates and I came together and we
classmates and I came together and we decided we try our hand at business and
decided we try our hand at business and
decided we try our hand at business and be honest we didn’t fare too badly we
be honest we didn’t fare too badly we
be honest we didn’t fare too badly we came second in Europe and some of you
came second in Europe and some of you
came second in Europe and some of you might ask well what did we do well apart
might ask well what did we do well apart
might ask well what did we do well apart from dressing up as men in black at the
from dressing up as men in black at the
from dressing up as men in black at the time I know this is all the rage back
time I know this is all the rage back
time I know this is all the rage back then but we actually set up a web
then but we actually set up a web
then but we actually set up a web development company and I know some of
development company and I know some of
development company and I know some of you might not think that’s very
you might not think that’s very
you might not think that’s very cutting-edge right now
cutting-edge right now
cutting-edge right now because eight-year-olds today can write
because eight-year-olds today can write
because eight-year-olds today can write complex code but at the time we were
complex code but at the time we were
complex code but at the time we were always looking into a thing called
always looking into a thing called
always looking into a thing called Wireless Application protocol or wack
Wireless Application protocol or wack
Wireless Application protocol or wack and what WEP is it allows you to send
and what WEP is it allows you to send
and what WEP is it allows you to send Internet content from from the Internet
Internet content from from the Internet
Internet content from from the Internet to your smartphone or to your your
to your smartphone or to your your
to your smartphone or to your your tablet like we all have here today and
tablet like we all have here today and
tablet like we all have here today and although WAP has been outdated now it
although WAP has been outdated now it
although WAP has been outdated now it was the kind of beginning of the
was the kind of beginning of the
was the kind of beginning of the platforms for such technology so then
platforms for such technology so then
platforms for such technology so then that got me thinking in terms of how
that got me thinking in terms of how
that got me thinking in terms of how could I apply this to health that led me
could I apply this to health that led me
could I apply this to health that led me to complete a PhD in neuroscience and to
to complete a PhD in neuroscience and to
to complete a PhD in neuroscience and to investigate people having difficulties
investigate people having difficulties
investigate people having difficulties with brain disorders and trying to
with brain disorders and trying to
with brain disorders and trying to figure out how can technology solve
figure out how can technology solve
figure out how can technology solve these these complex brain disorders and
these these complex brain disorders and
these these complex brain disorders and just to give you an administration what
just to give you an administration what
just to give you an administration what fascinates me about the brain is that
fascinates me about the brain is that
fascinates me about the brain is that this is the brain here and the brain can
this is the brain here and the brain can
this is the brain here and the brain can be divided into two parts
be divided into two parts
be divided into two parts there’s one the first part is this part
there’s one the first part is this part
there’s one the first part is this part down here the lower structures in some
down here the lower structures in some
down here the lower structures in some ways is a primitive cortex and what the
ways is a primitive cortex and what the
ways is a primitive cortex and what the primitive cortex does it allows us like
primitive cortex does it allows us like
primitive cortex does it allows us like animals it controls our reading and our
animals it controls our reading and our
animals it controls our reading and our autonomic function some ways where is
autonomic function some ways where is
autonomic function some ways where is this part here is the cortex and this
this part here is the cortex and this
this part here is the cortex and this cortex is what separates us from animals
cortex is what separates us from animals
cortex is what separates us from animals and makes us the most evolved species on
and makes us the most evolved species on
and makes us the most evolved species on the planet in terms of it allows us to
the planet in terms of it allows us to
the planet in terms of it allows us to think in real-time but also what’s
think in real-time but also what’s
think in real-time but also what’s fascinating is it allows us to
fascinating is it allows us to
fascinating is it allows us to understand things and that can be very
understand things and that can be very
understand things and that can be very powerful and I’ll give you an example
powerful and I’ll give you an example
powerful and I’ll give you an example now so this here is the latest artwork
now so this here is the latest artwork
now so this here is the latest artwork that my sister sent me I got this
that my sister sent me I got this
that my sister sent me I got this message on whatsapp reason and she said
message on whatsapp reason and she said
message on whatsapp reason and she said what do you think of it what do you
what do you think of it what do you
what do you think of it what do you think of it it could be anything
think of it it could be anything
think of it it could be anything couldn’t it so what came to my mind
couldn’t it so what came to my mind
couldn’t it so what came to my mind straightaway was I thought maybe this is
straightaway was I thought maybe this is
straightaway was I thought maybe this is Purkinje fibers and Purkinje fibers are
Purkinje fibers and Purkinje fibers are
Purkinje fibers and Purkinje fibers are the internal workings of the heart in
the internal workings of the heart in
the internal workings of the heart in some ways and that is what my brain did
some ways and that is what my brain did
some ways and that is what my brain did used because of a background the
used because of a background the
used because of a background the medicine in neuroscience so this is what
medicine in neuroscience so this is what
medicine in neuroscience so this is what I saw so I wrote back to him saying have
I saw so I wrote back to him saying have
I saw so I wrote back to him saying have you should call this person the Purkinje
you should call this person the Purkinje
you should call this person the Purkinje fibers and she sadly she wrote back to
fibers and she sadly she wrote back to
fibers and she sadly she wrote back to me saying this is actually a close-up of
me saying this is actually a close-up of
me saying this is actually a close-up of rostoff a chapter that we have at home
rostoff a chapter that we have at home
rostoff a chapter that we have at home so yeah needless to say I don’t know
so yeah needless to say I don’t know
so yeah needless to say I don’t know much about abstract art what actually
much about abstract art what actually
much about abstract art what actually struck me was how is it that my brain
struck me was how is it that my brain
struck me was how is it that my brain could connect one thing to another or
could connect one thing to another or
could connect one thing to another or how is it that if you think about it
how is it that if you think about it
how is it that if you think about it different perspectives can impose
different perspectives can impose
different perspectives can impose different perceptions on things and that
different perceptions on things and that
different perceptions on things and that is the key to understanding how
is the key to understanding how
is the key to understanding how innovation can come about so we here at
innovation can come about so we here at
innovation can come about so we here at infant I’ve come up with a way of using
infant I’ve come up with a way of using
infant I’ve come up with a way of using looking at things in different ways
looking at things in different ways
looking at things in different ways bringing together doctors nurses
bringing together doctors nurses
bringing together doctors nurses engineers scientists all together and
engineers scientists all together and
engineers scientists all together and coming up with an innovative technology
coming up with an innovative technology
coming up with an innovative technology to help monitor the brains of preterm
to help monitor the brains of preterm
to help monitor the brains of preterm babies and this EEG technology we use
babies and this EEG technology we use
babies and this EEG technology we use regularly in the neonatal unit so some
regularly in the neonatal unit so some
regularly in the neonatal unit so some of you might ask well why is this
of you might ask well why is this
of you might ask well why is this important well when an adult is having a
important well when an adult is having a
important well when an adult is having a seizure you will actually physically see
seizure you will actually physically see
seizure you will actually physically see it happening it’s right in front of your
it happening it’s right in front of your
it happening it’s right in front of your eyes you will know y’all know where as
eyes you will know y’all know where as
eyes you will know y’all know where as when a preterm baby like this one over
when a preterm baby like this one over
when a preterm baby like this one over here they are actually they can be nice
here they are actually they can be nice
here they are actually they can be nice and quiet and still and we don’t know
and quiet and still and we don’t know
and quiet and still and we don’t know whether they are having a seizure so the
whether they are having a seizure so the
whether they are having a seizure so the only way that we can detect that they
only way that we can detect that they
only way that we can detect that they are having a seizure is by using this
are having a seizure is by using this
are having a seizure is by using this EEG cap what we look at is a waveform
EEG cap what we look at is a waveform
EEG cap what we look at is a waveform like this you can all tell me what’s
like this you can all tell me what’s
like this you can all tell me what’s going on there Kenji it’s nice and
going on there Kenji it’s nice and
going on there Kenji it’s nice and simple isn’t it so what this is actually
simple isn’t it so what this is actually
simple isn’t it so what this is actually showing is showing a spike complex which
showing is showing a spike complex which
showing is showing a spike complex which composed of two parts it has a duration
composed of two parts it has a duration
composed of two parts it has a duration and it has an intensity and what our
and it has an intensity and what our
and it has an intensity and what our algorithm can do is it’s an automatic
algorithm can do is it’s an automatic
algorithm can do is it’s an automatic way of figuring out where this spike
way of figuring out where this spike
way of figuring out where this spike wave is instead of having an expert to
wave is instead of having an expert to
wave is instead of having an expert to read them because up until now there’s
read them because up until now there’s
read them because up until now there’s only
only
only there is actually only a handful of
there is actually only a handful of
there is actually only a handful of specialists not only in Ireland but
specialists not only in Ireland but
specialists not only in Ireland but throughout the world that can read these
throughout the world that can read these
throughout the world that can read these complex waveforms so our algorithm we
complex waveforms so our algorithm we
complex waveforms so our algorithm we hope is a solution to this problem and
hope is a solution to this problem and
hope is a solution to this problem and one or one other area that we’re looking
one or one other area that we’re looking
one or one other area that we’re looking into that our future development is
into that our future development is
into that our future development is we’re looking into and it’s called baby
we’re looking into and it’s called baby
we’re looking into and it’s called baby link and what that involves is we are
link and what that involves is we are
link and what that involves is we are hoping to combine the amazing sound that
hoping to combine the amazing sound that
hoping to combine the amazing sound that you heard at the start of this talk with
you heard at the start of this talk with
you heard at the start of this talk with the sound with the neonatal algorithm
the sound with the neonatal algorithm
the sound with the neonatal algorithm and we
and we
and we we’ll be able to send that wirelessly to
we’ll be able to send that wirelessly to
we’ll be able to send that wirelessly to our smartphone technology so for example
our smartphone technology so for example
our smartphone technology so for example if a baby is having a seizure in the
if a baby is having a seizure in the
if a baby is having a seizure in the unit we will be able to send this
unit we will be able to send this
unit we will be able to send this information the nurse will be able to
information the nurse will be able to
information the nurse will be able to ring up the doctor and say would you
ring up the doctor and say would you
ring up the doctor and say would you mind having a look wherever they are in
mind having a look wherever they are in
mind having a look wherever they are in the world and say could you read the
the world and say could you read the
the world and say could you read the scan for me please and the doctor will
scan for me please and the doctor will
scan for me please and the doctor will be able to give a solution so that is
be able to give a solution so that is
be able to give a solution so that is just one of our future developments here
just one of our future developments here
just one of our future developments here at infant so just conclude by taking
at infant so just conclude by taking
at infant so just conclude by taking different perspectives from different
different perspectives from different
different perspectives from different backgrounds and looking at things and
backgrounds and looking at things and
backgrounds and looking at things and different and in innovative ways and
different and in innovative ways and
different and in innovative ways and bringing them all together
bringing them all together
bringing them all together we here at infant have come up with a
we here at infant have come up with a
we here at infant have come up with a solution to a very complex brain problem
solution to a very complex brain problem
solution to a very complex brain problem and not only do we want to share this
and not only do we want to share this
and not only do we want to share this knowledge with with you and Ireland but
knowledge with with you and Ireland but
knowledge with with you and Ireland but we feel that this knowledge should be
we feel that this knowledge should be
we feel that this knowledge should be shared throughout the whole world now
shared throughout the whole world now
shared throughout the whole world now isn’t that an idea or sharing
”
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