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Video Games: The Future of Storytelling | Noelle Warner | TEDxFurmanU


hi my name is Noel in a video game about

hi my name is Noel in a video game about zombies changed my life now I know that

zombies changed my life now I know that

zombies changed my life now I know that sounds a little bit crazy so let me back

sounds a little bit crazy so let me back

sounds a little bit crazy so let me back up give you a little bit of context and

up give you a little bit of context and

up give you a little bit of context and hopefully it’ll make just a little bit

hopefully it’ll make just a little bit

hopefully it’ll make just a little bit more sense so the first thing that you

more sense so the first thing that you

more sense so the first thing that you need to know about me is that I love

need to know about me is that I love

need to know about me is that I love stories they’re what I’m most passionate

stories they’re what I’m most passionate

stories they’re what I’m most passionate about they’re sort of the lens through

about they’re sort of the lens through

about they’re sort of the lens through which I view the world this all began

which I view the world this all began

which I view the world this all began with a love of classic literature in

with a love of classic literature in

with a love of classic literature in eighth grade and then evolved into a

eighth grade and then evolved into a

eighth grade and then evolved into a love of storytelling in all forms film

love of storytelling in all forms film

love of storytelling in all forms film television plays most recently tabletop

television plays most recently tabletop

television plays most recently tabletop role-playing games you get the idea and

role-playing games you get the idea and

role-playing games you get the idea and so the plan was to go to college and

so the plan was to go to college and

so the plan was to go to college and study English go to graduate school

study English go to graduate school

study English go to graduate school studying British literature writing a

studying British literature writing a

studying British literature writing a dissertation on Jane Austen and then

dissertation on Jane Austen and then

dissertation on Jane Austen and then getting a job as a writer and editor

getting a job as a writer and editor

getting a job as a writer and editor that part I wasn’t quite sure but I knew

that part I wasn’t quite sure but I knew

that part I wasn’t quite sure but I knew it had to do with stories and so as

it had to do with stories and so as

it had to do with stories and so as English majors – I came here to Furman

English majors – I came here to Furman

English majors – I came here to Furman and took an introduction to introduction

and took an introduction to introduction

and took an introduction to introduction to Shakespeare course here last spring

to Shakespeare course here last spring

to Shakespeare course here last spring and one of the plays that we were

and one of the plays that we were

and one of the plays that we were reading in that course was King Lear

reading in that course was King Lear

reading in that course was King Lear which is arguably one of Shakespeare’s

which is arguably one of Shakespeare’s

which is arguably one of Shakespeare’s greatest works now remember one day so

greatest works now remember one day so

greatest works now remember one day so specifically we were reading act 5 scene

specifically we were reading act 5 scene

specifically we were reading act 5 scene 3 which is the final scene of the play

3 which is the final scene of the play

3 which is the final scene of the play and for those of you who aren’t familiar

and for those of you who aren’t familiar

and for those of you who aren’t familiar in the scene the King’s favorite

in the scene the King’s favorite

in the scene the King’s favorite daughter Cordelia has died and holding

daughter Cordelia has died and holding

daughter Cordelia has died and holding her dead body in his arms he gives one

her dead body in his arms he gives one

her dead body in his arms he gives one of the most powerful and heartbreaking

of the most powerful and heartbreaking

of the most powerful and heartbreaking speeches in all of the literary canon

speeches in all of the literary canon

speeches in all of the literary canon and well I usually live for the kind of

and well I usually live for the kind of

and well I usually live for the kind of stimulating academic conversations that

stimulating academic conversations that

stimulating academic conversations that we have in these college-level English

we have in these college-level English

we have in these college-level English courses I found myself having trouble

courses I found myself having trouble

courses I found myself having trouble paying attention that day see my mind

paying attention that day see my mind

paying attention that day see my mind kept going back to a video game that I

kept going back to a video game that I

kept going back to a video game that I had played only a few weeks earlier The

had played only a few weeks earlier The

had played only a few weeks earlier The Last of Us released by naughty Dog

Last of Us released by naughty Dog

Last of Us released by naughty Dog Studios in 2013 and see this game kept

Studios in 2013 and see this game kept

Studios in 2013 and see this game kept coming up in my mind because in the

coming up in my mind because in the

coming up in my mind because in the opening scene that you’re playing as a

opening scene that you’re playing as a

opening scene that you’re playing as a man named Joel trying to get his

man named Joel trying to get his

man named Joel trying to get his daughter Sarah to safety in the midst of

daughter Sarah to safety in the midst of

daughter Sarah to safety in the midst of a zombie outbreak and amongst all the

a zombie outbreak and amongst all the

a zombie outbreak and amongst all the chaos she is shot and dies in his arms

chaos she is shot and dies in his arms

chaos she is shot and dies in his arms and in that moment I was in shock

and in that moment I was in shock

and in that moment I was in shock because these two scenes could not have

because these two scenes could not have

because these two scenes could not have been written

been written

been written in more different contexts with 400

in more different contexts with 400

in more different contexts with 400 years of time and technology between

years of time and technology between

years of time and technology between them and yet they were able to achieve

them and yet they were able to achieve

them and yet they were able to achieve an identical narrative and emotional

an identical narrative and emotional

an identical narrative and emotional moment right because in a video game

moment right because in a video game

moment right because in a video game where you’re spending a lot of time

where you’re spending a lot of time

where you’re spending a lot of time killing zombies that’s not what it’s

killing zombies that’s not what it’s

killing zombies that’s not what it’s about

about

about that’s the context the framework at the

that’s the context the framework at the

that’s the context the framework at the heart of this game it’s a beautiful

heart of this game it’s a beautiful

heart of this game it’s a beautiful father-daughter relationship that

father-daughter relationship that

father-daughter relationship that explores some incredibly complex moral

explores some incredibly complex moral

explores some incredibly complex moral themes because I’ve read a lot of books

themes because I’ve read a lot of books

themes because I’ve read a lot of books and seen a lot of movies and TV and

and seen a lot of movies and TV and

and seen a lot of movies and TV and plays but no story I have ever

plays but no story I have ever

plays but no story I have ever experienced has had such a strong

experienced has had such a strong

experienced has had such a strong emotional impact on me and I truly

emotional impact on me and I truly

emotional impact on me and I truly believe that it’s because it was told as

believe that it’s because it was told as

believe that it’s because it was told as a video game because that day I realized

a video game because that day I realized

a video game because that day I realized that games can be just as interesting

that games can be just as interesting

that games can be just as interesting and complex and tragic and heartbreaking

and complex and tragic and heartbreaking

and complex and tragic and heartbreaking and uplifting and beautiful as any other

and uplifting and beautiful as any other

and uplifting and beautiful as any other storytelling medium that day I realized

storytelling medium that day I realized

storytelling medium that day I realized that video games are the future of

that video games are the future of

that video games are the future of storytelling so what is it about games

storytelling so what is it about games

storytelling so what is it about games that makes them unique right well let’s

that makes them unique right well let’s

that makes them unique right well let’s look at the history of storytelling in

look at the history of storytelling in

look at the history of storytelling in general going back a few thousand years

general going back a few thousand years

general going back a few thousand years to oral storytelling where people would

to oral storytelling where people would

to oral storytelling where people would just sit around and talk to each other

just sit around and talk to each other

just sit around and talk to each other right and so while the mechanisms by

right and so while the mechanisms by

right and so while the mechanisms by which we receive these stories has

which we receive these stories has

which we receive these stories has changed significantly over the years

changed significantly over the years

changed significantly over the years going from page to stage to screen the

going from page to stage to screen the

going from page to stage to screen the way that we perceive and understand

way that we perceive and understand

way that we perceive and understand these stories has stayed mostly the same

these stories has stayed mostly the same

these stories has stayed mostly the same because with traditional storytelling

because with traditional storytelling

because with traditional storytelling media we are passive observers we are

media we are passive observers we are

media we are passive observers we are confined to the reception of information

confined to the reception of information

confined to the reception of information but not with games see with a video game

but not with games see with a video game

but not with games see with a video game we are in the epicenter of the action we

we are in the epicenter of the action we

we are in the epicenter of the action we are making decisions on who this

are making decisions on who this

are making decisions on who this character is where they’re going what

character is where they’re going what

character is where they’re going what they’re saying how they’re interacting

they’re saying how they’re interacting

they’re saying how they’re interacting with the world around them and that is

with the world around them and that is

with the world around them and that is incredibly immersive think about it if

incredibly immersive think about it if

incredibly immersive think about it if you’ve ever played a game or know

you’ve ever played a game or know

you’ve ever played a game or know someone that has when your character

someone that has when your character

someone that has when your character dies you don’t say oh no my character

dies you don’t say oh no my character

dies you don’t say oh no my character died right you say I died why is that

died right you say I died why is that

died right you say I died why is that we’re so immersed in what’s going on

we’re so immersed in what’s going on

we’re so immersed in what’s going on that it can almost feel that way right

that it can almost feel that way right

that it can almost feel that way right one of my very favorite fictional

one of my very favorite fictional

one of my very favorite fictional characters from tequila Mockingbird

characters from tequila Mockingbird

characters from tequila Mockingbird Atticus Finch once said you never really

Atticus Finch once said you never really

Atticus Finch once said you never really understand a person until you consider

understand a person until you consider

understand a person until you consider things from his point

things from his point

things from his point you until you climb into his skin and

you until you climb into his skin and

you until you climb into his skin and walk around in it and I think that’s

walk around in it and I think that’s

walk around in it and I think that’s exactly what video games are designed to

exactly what video games are designed to

exactly what video games are designed to have us do right so to better understand

have us do right so to better understand

have us do right so to better understand how games can tell stories through game

how games can tell stories through game

how games can tell stories through game play let’s look at a graph of classic

play let’s look at a graph of classic

play let’s look at a graph of classic storytelling right so you’ll see this in

storytelling right so you’ll see this in

storytelling right so you’ll see this in any introductory English course so we

any introductory English course so we

any introductory English course so we have the introduction which was the

have the introduction which was the

have the introduction which was the exposition telling you what’s going on

exposition telling you what’s going on

exposition telling you what’s going on setting it up the inciting incident

setting it up the inciting incident

setting it up the inciting incident that’s gonna kick off all of the action

that’s gonna kick off all of the action

that’s gonna kick off all of the action the rising action where things are

the rising action where things are

the rising action where things are getting more intense the stakes are

getting more intense the stakes are

getting more intense the stakes are raising right and that all comes to a

raising right and that all comes to a

raising right and that all comes to a point at the climax so what we can

point at the climax so what we can

point at the climax so what we can actually do is look at how a lot of game

actually do is look at how a lot of game

actually do is look at how a lot of game levels are actually designed now you’ll

levels are actually designed now you’ll

levels are actually designed now you’ll notice that this graph is almost the

notice that this graph is almost the

notice that this graph is almost the exact same shape so what it is is we

exact same shape so what it is is we

exact same shape so what it is is we have the introduction where we’re

have the introduction where we’re

have the introduction where we’re introducing the world to the player

introducing the world to the player

introducing the world to the player getting them used to how to play it and

getting them used to how to play it and

getting them used to how to play it and what were what are called the game

what were what are called the game

what were what are called the game mechanics right then we have the

mechanics right then we have the

mechanics right then we have the inciting incident which would be the

inciting incident which would be the

inciting incident which would be the first puzzle the first enemy encounter

first puzzle the first enemy encounter

first puzzle the first enemy encounter that sort of thing then we have the

that sort of thing then we have the

that sort of thing then we have the rising difficulty so what we’re gonna do

rising difficulty so what we’re gonna do

rising difficulty so what we’re gonna do is start iterating on those game

is start iterating on those game

is start iterating on those game mechanics that we’ve introduced to the

mechanics that we’ve introduced to the

mechanics that we’ve introduced to the player challenging them in new ways and

player challenging them in new ways and

player challenging them in new ways and this all comes to a head at the boss

this all comes to a head at the boss

this all comes to a head at the boss fight which you can kind of think of as

fight which you can kind of think of as

fight which you can kind of think of as a final exam of a level or a game right

a final exam of a level or a game right

a final exam of a level or a game right so we’re gonna challenge you on

so we’re gonna challenge you on

so we’re gonna challenge you on everything you’ve learned throughout the

everything you’ve learned throughout the

everything you’ve learned throughout the course of this game and that ultimately

course of this game and that ultimately

course of this game and that ultimately is what’s so engaging about games for us

is what’s so engaging about games for us

is what’s so engaging about games for us because it’s sort of human nature that

because it’s sort of human nature that

because it’s sort of human nature that we like to be challenged and we like to

we like to be challenged and we like to

we like to be challenged and we like to overcome those challenges right we love

overcome those challenges right we love

overcome those challenges right we love that feeling of triumph and that’s what

that feeling of triumph and that’s what

that feeling of triumph and that’s what games give us so going back to how we

games give us so going back to how we

games give us so going back to how we can use stories this way some of the

can use stories this way some of the

can use stories this way some of the most emotionally impactful moments for

most emotionally impactful moments for

most emotionally impactful moments for me in the last of us or when the stakes

me in the last of us or when the stakes

me in the last of us or when the stakes were rising things were getting more

were rising things were getting more

were rising things were getting more intense right and at the same time in

intense right and at the same time in

intense right and at the same time in the gameplay they’re pulling resources

the gameplay they’re pulling resources

the gameplay they’re pulling resources away from me they’re making me feel

away from me they’re making me feel

away from me they’re making me feel uncomfortable and challenging me in a

uncomfortable and challenging me in a

uncomfortable and challenging me in a new way that I had an experience in the

new way that I had an experience in the

new way that I had an experience in the game before and what’s that what that is

game before and what’s that what that is

game before and what’s that what that is designed to do is to have us experience

designed to do is to have us experience

designed to do is to have us experience all of the most the emotions that these

all of the most the emotions that these

all of the most the emotions that these characters are feeling in the exact same

characters are feeling in the exact same

characters are feeling in the exact same way all of the anger the fear the

way all of the anger the fear the

way all of the anger the fear the frustration the panic I was feeling that

frustration the panic I was feeling that

frustration the panic I was feeling that too and when you hit those moments of

too and when you hit those moments of

too and when you hit those moments of tragedy and loss or joy and elation you

tragedy and loss or joy and elation you

tragedy and loss or joy and elation you feel that all the more because you

feel that all the more because you

feel that all the more because you aren’t just watching these characters

aren’t just watching these characters

aren’t just watching these characters you want

you want

you want cheering for them from the sidelines you

cheering for them from the sidelines you

cheering for them from the sidelines you are in the middle of it you were

are in the middle of it you were

are in the middle of it you were struggling and overcoming right

struggling and overcoming right

struggling and overcoming right alongside them and you feel like you

alongside them and you feel like you

alongside them and you feel like you earned that right so as much as I love

earned that right so as much as I love

earned that right so as much as I love to talk about the Last of Us and trust

to talk about the Last of Us and trust

to talk about the Last of Us and trust me I really really do it is by no means

me I really really do it is by no means

me I really really do it is by no means the only story in a video game

the only story in a video game

the only story in a video game that has been done really well all of

that has been done really well all of

that has been done really well all of the games on the screen and dozens more

the games on the screen and dozens more

the games on the screen and dozens more have iterated on stories through games

have iterated on stories through games

have iterated on stories through games in their own unique way I think that’s

in their own unique way I think that’s

in their own unique way I think that’s really beautiful a few of my personal

really beautiful a few of my personal

really beautiful a few of my personal favorites Bioshock which is actually a

favorites Bioshock which is actually a

favorites Bioshock which is actually a critique of Ayn Rand’s philosophical

critique of Ayn Rand’s philosophical

critique of Ayn Rand’s philosophical ideas of Objectivism told through a

ideas of Objectivism told through a

ideas of Objectivism told through a first-person shooter

first-person shooter

first-person shooter we have 1979 revolution which is an

we have 1979 revolution which is an

we have 1979 revolution which is an autobiographical story of an Iranian

autobiographical story of an Iranian

autobiographical story of an Iranian journalist and his experiences during

journalist and his experiences during

journalist and his experiences during the Iranian civil war we have that

the Iranian civil war we have that

the Iranian civil war we have that dragon cancer one of my very favorites a

dragon cancer one of my very favorites a

dragon cancer one of my very favorites a story of a family and their two-year-old

story of a family and their two-year-old

story of a family and their two-year-old son who’s diagnosed with a brain tumor

son who’s diagnosed with a brain tumor

son who’s diagnosed with a brain tumor and his fight with a dragon called

and his fight with a dragon called

and his fight with a dragon called cancer him video games can handle these

cancer him video games can handle these

cancer him video games can handle these incredibly complex and mature themes

incredibly complex and mature themes

incredibly complex and mature themes right but that is not necessarily an

right but that is not necessarily an

right but that is not necessarily an industry standard 25 year industry

industry standard 25 year industry

industry standard 25 year industry veteran Evan Skolnick wrote a book

veteran Evan Skolnick wrote a book

veteran Evan Skolnick wrote a book called videogame storytelling in which

called videogame storytelling in which

called videogame storytelling in which he compared most video game narratives

he compared most video game narratives

he compared most video game narratives to have about the same quality as a

to have about the same quality as a

to have about the same quality as a direct to disc movie a direct to disc

direct to disc movie a direct to disc

direct to disc movie a direct to disc movie we can do so much better than that

movie we can do so much better than that

movie we can do so much better than that I think games have so much potential to

I think games have so much potential to

I think games have so much potential to be incredibly powerful that’s going

be incredibly powerful that’s going

be incredibly powerful that’s going widely untapped now before I move

widely untapped now before I move

widely untapped now before I move forward too much it is really important

forward too much it is really important

forward too much it is really important to note that when I talk about games as

to note that when I talk about games as

to note that when I talk about games as a storytelling medium that’s just a

a storytelling medium that’s just a

a storytelling medium that’s just a niche of this medium so what most games

niche of this medium so what most games

niche of this medium so what most games are still doing is focusing on creating

are still doing is focusing on creating

are still doing is focusing on creating an engaging gameplay experience for the

an engaging gameplay experience for the

an engaging gameplay experience for the player and that’s perfectly reasonable

player and that’s perfectly reasonable

player and that’s perfectly reasonable that’s what’s unique about this medium

that’s what’s unique about this medium

that’s what’s unique about this medium is the gameplay the interactivity and I

is the gameplay the interactivity and I

is the gameplay the interactivity and I think what’s so beautiful about this

think what’s so beautiful about this

think what’s so beautiful about this medium is that the types of experience

medium is that the types of experience

medium is that the types of experience that the developers can present to a

that the developers can present to a

that the developers can present to a player is infinite it can be just about

player is infinite it can be just about

player is infinite it can be just about gameplay just about story and everything

gameplay just about story and everything

gameplay just about story and everything in between and I don’t think that’s to

in between and I don’t think that’s to

in between and I don’t think that’s to be discounted and the games that are

be discounted and the games that are

be discounted and the games that are focused on telling stories they still

focused on telling stories they still

focused on telling stories they still have a little bit to go and I think

have a little bit to go and I think

have a little bit to go and I think that’s because story is not given a huge

that’s because story is not given a huge

that’s because story is not given a huge priority in too

priority in too

priority in too so is really important to know going

so is really important to know going

so is really important to know going into this that games take a lot of time

into this that games take a lot of time

into this that games take a lot of time and money and effort and manpower to

and money and effort and manpower to

and money and effort and manpower to make so what they’re gonna start doing

make so what they’re gonna start doing

make so what they’re gonna start doing is they’re gonna start building the

is they’re gonna start building the

is they’re gonna start building the environments the game levels and making

environments the game levels and making

environments the game levels and making it work

it work

it work technically first right because that’s

technically first right because that’s

technically first right because that’s what takes a really long time then

what takes a really long time then

what takes a really long time then partway through they’re gonna hand that

partway through they’re gonna hand that

partway through they’re gonna hand that off to writers and say okay make a story

off to writers and say okay make a story

off to writers and say okay make a story now well we can get good stories that

now well we can get good stories that

now well we can get good stories that way but great ones I don’t know that

way but great ones I don’t know that

way but great ones I don’t know that would be like going to film a movie and

would be like going to film a movie and

would be like going to film a movie and you have all your filming locations and

you have all your filming locations and

you have all your filming locations and your sets picked out and then you give

your sets picked out and then you give

your sets picked out and then you give it to a screenwriter and say okay make a

it to a screenwriter and say okay make a

it to a screenwriter and say okay make a story it doesn’t really work that way

story it doesn’t really work that way

story it doesn’t really work that way and that’s why I think the Last of Us

and that’s why I think the Last of Us

and that’s why I think the Last of Us has been so successful in what they’ve

has been so successful in what they’ve

has been so successful in what they’ve aimed to do because the creators of this

aimed to do because the creators of this

aimed to do because the creators of this game have been so outright in the fact

game have been so outright in the fact

game have been so outright in the fact that every single decision that they

that every single decision that they

that every single decision that they make and development is about the story

make and development is about the story

make and development is about the story creative director and writer Neil

creative director and writer Neil

creative director and writer Neil druckmann said in an interview they had

druckmann said in an interview they had

druckmann said in an interview they had all kinds of ideas for enemy types and

all kinds of ideas for enemy types and

all kinds of ideas for enemy types and crazy power-ups things that would have

crazy power-ups things that would have

crazy power-ups things that would have made the game more quote/unquote fun

made the game more quote/unquote fun

made the game more quote/unquote fun right but they ended up scrapping all of

right but they ended up scrapping all of

right but they ended up scrapping all of that because it would have compromised

that because it would have compromised

that because it would have compromised the integrity of the story that they

the integrity of the story that they

the integrity of the story that they were trying to tell this design

were trying to tell this design

were trying to tell this design philosophy is so rare in the industry

philosophy is so rare in the industry

philosophy is so rare in the industry but I think it’s a really important one

but I think it’s a really important one

but I think it’s a really important one now it would be kind of unfair for me to

now it would be kind of unfair for me to

now it would be kind of unfair for me to stand up here and say okay everyone just

stand up here and say okay everyone just

stand up here and say okay everyone just make all your games about story all the

make all your games about story all the

make all your games about story all the time as much as I want to say that

time as much as I want to say that

time as much as I want to say that because there are so many people that

because there are so many people that

because there are so many people that are involved in the development process

are involved in the development process

are involved in the development process right and they all want their say and it

right and they all want their say and it

right and they all want their say and it takes all those people to make a great

takes all those people to make a great

takes all those people to make a great game but what I do want to stand up here

game but what I do want to stand up here

game but what I do want to stand up here and do start a conversation and say we

and do start a conversation and say we

and do start a conversation and say we have so much power here to evoke empathy

have so much power here to evoke empathy

have so much power here to evoke empathy and people in new ways to show them

and people in new ways to show them

and people in new ways to show them worldviews that they never could have

worldviews that they never could have

worldviews that they never could have considered otherwise right so let’s

considered otherwise right so let’s

considered otherwise right so let’s start thinking about taking small steps

start thinking about taking small steps

start thinking about taking small steps because it’s not gonna be an overnight

because it’s not gonna be an overnight

because it’s not gonna be an overnight thing but how can we infuse story into

thing but how can we infuse story into

thing but how can we infuse story into every pixel that is on that screen right

every pixel that is on that screen right

every pixel that is on that screen right and games are still so new as a medium

and games are still so new as a medium

and games are still so new as a medium film has been around for over a hundred

film has been around for over a hundred

film has been around for over a hundred years whereas games have only been

years whereas games have only been

years whereas games have only been around for about 30 as we know them

around for about 30 as we know them

around for about 30 as we know them right and we need to start taking steps

right and we need to start taking steps

right and we need to start taking steps to catching up

to catching up

to catching up artistically because technologically

artistically because technologically

artistically because technologically we’re kind of far behind but what’s so

we’re kind of far behind but what’s so

we’re kind of far behind but what’s so exciting about this for people like me

exciting about this for people like me

exciting about this for people like me who want to be writers is this is the

who want to be writers is this is the

who want to be writers is this is the Wild West and we get to be the pioneers

Wild West and we get to be the pioneers

Wild West and we get to be the pioneers right we get to find new ways to think

right we get to find new ways to think

right we get to find new ways to think about games that we never could have

about games that we never could have

about games that we never could have considered before so as you can imagine

considered before so as you can imagine

considered before so as you can imagine my plans have changed quite a bit I’ve

my plans have changed quite a bit I’ve

my plans have changed quite a bit I’ve added a computer science major along

added a computer science major along

added a computer science major along with the English I’m now doing

with the English I’m now doing

with the English I’m now doing everything I can to hopefully be able to

everything I can to hopefully be able to

everything I can to hopefully be able to attend graduate school for game design

attend graduate school for game design

attend graduate school for game design and be a part of making these stories

and be a part of making these stories

and be a part of making these stories come to life in a new way because

come to life in a new way because

come to life in a new way because something like the last of us it means

something like the last of us it means

something like the last of us it means everything to me it’s helped me discover

everything to me it’s helped me discover

everything to me it’s helped me discover who I am not only as an artist but as a

who I am not only as an artist but as a

who I am not only as an artist but as a person it’s helped me find a new drive

person it’s helped me find a new drive

person it’s helped me find a new drive and a passion and a purpose I never knew

and a passion and a purpose I never knew

and a passion and a purpose I never knew I had and if I can create something that

I had and if I can create something that

I had and if I can create something that means to someone else just a fraction

means to someone else just a fraction

means to someone else just a fraction just a fraction of what this game means

just a fraction of what this game means

just a fraction of what this game means to me then I’ll have achieved everything

to me then I’ll have achieved everything

to me then I’ll have achieved everything I could ever want and after all of that

I could ever want and after all of that

I could ever want and after all of that is said and done I would love to be able

is said and done I would love to be able

is said and done I would love to be able to come back to a school like this and

to come back to a school like this and

to come back to a school like this and teach a course that is identical to that

teach a course that is identical to that

teach a course that is identical to that of a film or a literature course but

of a film or a literature course but

of a film or a literature course but instead of teaching books or movies or

instead of teaching books or movies or

instead of teaching books or movies or studying games because I strongly

studying games because I strongly

studying games because I strongly believe that within my lifetime video

believe that within my lifetime video

believe that within my lifetime video games will have the same cultural and

games will have the same cultural and

games will have the same cultural and artistic relevance as a Shakespeare play

artistic relevance as a Shakespeare play

artistic relevance as a Shakespeare play so if this is something that sounds

so if this is something that sounds

so if this is something that sounds interesting to you I would encourage you

interesting to you I would encourage you

interesting to you I would encourage you to do some research because this topic

to do some research because this topic

to do some research because this topic doesn’t even scratch the surface and

doesn’t even scratch the surface and

doesn’t even scratch the surface and check back and maybe 20-30 years and

check back and maybe 20-30 years and

check back and maybe 20-30 years and maybe you could take that course thank

maybe you could take that course thank

maybe you could take that course thank you

[Applause]

[Applause] [Music]

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