for more than a decade I have been obsessed with this idea of exaptation
obsessed with this idea of exaptation
obsessed with this idea of exaptation exaptation is a concept from
exaptation is a concept from
exaptation is a concept from evolutionary biology and it’s when
evolutionary biology and it’s when
evolutionary biology and it’s when something that originally evolved
something that originally evolved
something that originally evolved because of one set of survival
because of one set of survival
because of one set of survival advantages gets serendipitously co-opted
advantages gets serendipitously co-opted
advantages gets serendipitously co-opted for something completely different and
for something completely different and
for something completely different and thrives there the quintessential example
thrives there the quintessential example
thrives there the quintessential example is birds feathers feathers originally
is birds feathers feathers originally
is birds feathers feathers originally evolved because they kept animals warm
evolved because they kept animals warm
evolved because they kept animals warm they trapped a lot of air and air is a
they trapped a lot of air and air is a
they trapped a lot of air and air is a good insulator if you’re an animal with
good insulator if you’re an animal with
good insulator if you’re an animal with a lot of feathers trapping a lot of air
a lot of feathers trapping a lot of air
a lot of feathers trapping a lot of air and a predator chases you off a cliff
and a predator chases you off a cliff
and a predator chases you off a cliff instead of plummeting down and dying you
instead of plummeting down and dying you
instead of plummeting down and dying you might flutter down and survive and that
might flutter down and survive and that
might flutter down and survive and that means you get to reproduce and you give
means you get to reproduce and you give
means you get to reproduce and you give time for those feathers many generations
time for those feathers many generations
time for those feathers many generations to evolve into something completely
to evolve into something completely
to evolve into something completely different like flight so flight is a
different like flight so flight is a
different like flight so flight is a serendipitous exaptation of warmth think
serendipitous exaptation of warmth think
serendipitous exaptation of warmth think about that the next time you zip up your
about that the next time you zip up your
about that the next time you zip up your down jacket now why am I so obsessed
down jacket now why am I so obsessed
down jacket now why am I so obsessed with this I’m not a biologist I’m a
with this I’m not a biologist I’m a
with this I’m not a biologist I’m a software architect and I’m not
software architect and I’m not
software architect and I’m not particularly interested in flight what I
particularly interested in flight what I
particularly interested in flight what I am interested in is how people have good
am interested in is how people have good
am interested in is how people have good ideas and I think that exaptation holds
ideas and I think that exaptation holds
ideas and I think that exaptation holds the key I think that exaptation is not
the key I think that exaptation is not
the key I think that exaptation is not just a biological phenomenon but it’s a
just a biological phenomenon but it’s a
just a biological phenomenon but it’s a cognitive one and that most of those big
cognitive one and that most of those big
cognitive one and that most of those big aha moments of innovation are moments
aha moments of innovation are moments
aha moments of innovation are moments when somebody realizes often
when somebody realizes often
when somebody realizes often serendipitously that’s something they
serendipitously that’s something they
serendipitously that’s something they thought only applied in one context can
thought only applied in one context can
thought only applied in one context can actually be applied somewhere else
actually be applied somewhere else
actually be applied somewhere else harvard university created the
harvard university created the
harvard university created the astronomical medicine team after the
astronomical medicine team after the
astronomical medicine team after the serendipitous discovery that the 3d
serendipitous discovery that the 3d
serendipitous discovery that the 3d imaging techniques that doctors used to
imaging techniques that doctors used to
imaging techniques that doctors used to explore a brain if applied at a vastly
explore a brain if applied at a vastly
explore a brain if applied at a vastly different scale can help astronomers
different scale can help astronomers
different scale can help astronomers explore a supernova this is just one
explore a supernova this is just one
explore a supernova this is just one example of mental exaptation zin history
example of mental exaptation zin history
example of mental exaptation zin history is replete with these sorts of antidotes
is replete with these sorts of antidotes
is replete with these sorts of antidotes anecdotes and I like to tell them but
anecdotes and I like to tell them but
anecdotes and I like to tell them but what I don’t like is how prominently
what I don’t like is how prominently
what I don’t like is how prominently serendipity plays a role in these
serendipity plays a role in these
serendipity plays a role in these equations that’s why for the last six
equations that’s why for the last six
equations that’s why for the last six years my team’s been working on
years my team’s been working on
years my team’s been working on developing the right set of tools the
developing the right set of tools the
developing the right set of tools the right conditions
right conditions
right conditions the right environment in which mental
the right environment in which mental
the right environment in which mental except ations can flourish we believe
except ations can flourish we believe
except ations can flourish we believe that by understanding how good ideas
that by understanding how good ideas
that by understanding how good ideas happen we can create virtual software
happen we can create virtual software
happen we can create virtual software environments that help people have more
environments that help people have more
environments that help people have more of them over the next few minutes we’ll
of them over the next few minutes we’ll
of them over the next few minutes we’ll listen to what it sounds like when new
listen to what it sounds like when new
listen to what it sounds like when new ideas are born and not born just from
ideas are born and not born just from
ideas are born and not born just from serendipity but from intentional
serendipity but from intentional
serendipity but from intentional facilitation from a set of interactions
facilitation from a set of interactions
facilitation from a set of interactions that I believe can be optimized can
that I believe can be optimized can
that I believe can be optimized can scale and when scaled can dramatically
scale and when scaled can dramatically
scale and when scaled can dramatically change the way innovation happens today
change the way innovation happens today
change the way innovation happens today a couple weeks ago I set up a meeting
a couple weeks ago I set up a meeting
a couple weeks ago I set up a meeting between these two people dr. Christoph
between these two people dr. Christoph
between these two people dr. Christoph Diaz PhD scientist who lives in Boston
Diaz PhD scientist who lives in Boston
Diaz PhD scientist who lives in Boston and is a program manager at cowan
and is a program manager at cowan
and is a program manager at cowan veterans Biosciences that’s doing
veterans Biosciences that’s doing
veterans Biosciences that’s doing research on post-traumatic stress
research on post-traumatic stress
research on post-traumatic stress disorder and somebody some of you may
disorder and somebody some of you may
disorder and somebody some of you may recognize he’s here in the audience
recognize he’s here in the audience
recognize he’s here in the audience today dr. David Vishnoi associate
today dr. David Vishnoi associate
today dr. David Vishnoi associate professor of Religious Studies right
professor of Religious Studies right
professor of Religious Studies right here at OU you specializing in Islamic
here at OU you specializing in Islamic
here at OU you specializing in Islamic hermeneutics these people had never met
hermeneutics these people had never met
hermeneutics these people had never met before and I didn’t set up this meeting
before and I didn’t set up this meeting
before and I didn’t set up this meeting because they particularly wanted to meet
because they particularly wanted to meet
because they particularly wanted to meet in fact you can listen to Christoph just
in fact you can listen to Christoph just
in fact you can listen to Christoph just before the meeting any idea of what you
before the meeting any idea of what you
before the meeting any idea of what you and David ish not having home besides
and David ish not having home besides
and David ish not having home besides what botha went to Fez do I have the
what botha went to Fez do I have the
what botha went to Fez do I have the right one the professor and I guess I’m
right one the professor and I guess I’m
right one the professor and I guess I’m stuck first off has no idea why I’ve set
stuck first off has no idea why I’ve set
stuck first off has no idea why I’ve set up this meeting and I can assure you
up this meeting and I can assure you
up this meeting and I can assure you that it’s not because they had both been
that it’s not because they had both been
that it’s not because they had both been to Fez what they had in common is that
to Fez what they had in common is that
to Fez what they had in common is that over the last year they had both
over the last year they had both
over the last year they had both participated in an experimental new
participated in an experimental new
participated in an experimental new platform my team’s been developing
platform my team’s been developing
platform my team’s been developing called the cognitive Network it’s like a
called the cognitive Network it’s like a
called the cognitive Network it’s like a social network because it connects
social network because it connects
social network because it connects people together but it’s not about being
people together but it’s not about being
people together but it’s not about being social it’s about facilitating thought
social it’s about facilitating thought
social it’s about facilitating thought and the first step in a cognitive
and the first step in a cognitive
and the first step in a cognitive network is to get the ideas in people’s
network is to get the ideas in people’s
network is to get the ideas in people’s heads into a tangible format so that
heads into a tangible format so that
heads into a tangible format so that they can become first-class citizen
they can become first-class citizen
they can become first-class citizen nodes in the network with everything
nodes in the network with everything
nodes in the network with everything else now there’s many different ways
else now there’s many different ways
else now there’s many different ways that ideas can take tangible form but I
that ideas can take tangible form but I
that ideas can take tangible form but I work in software so what my team is
work in software so what my team is
work in software so what my team is developed is a set of tools that makes
developed is a set of tools that makes
developed is a set of tools that makes it easy to translate ideas into software
it easy to translate ideas into software
it easy to translate ideas into software apps and because we’re interested in
apps and because we’re interested in
apps and because we’re interested in exaptation we call
exaptation we call
exaptation we call these apps zaps when David first joined
these apps zaps when David first joined
these apps zaps when David first joined the cognitive Network the idea he was
the cognitive Network the idea he was
the cognitive Network the idea he was interested in pursuing was how to
interested in pursuing was how to
interested in pursuing was how to explore the conceptual landscape of
explore the conceptual landscape of
explore the conceptual landscape of every book ever written on his
every book ever written on his
every book ever written on his particular topic of interest and how to
particular topic of interest and how to
particular topic of interest and how to curate those concepts in the act of
curate those concepts in the act of
curate those concepts in the act of writing his own book so we worked
writing his own book so we worked
writing his own book so we worked together to build this app that used a
together to build this app that used a
together to build this app that used a bunch of different data science
bunch of different data science
bunch of different data science techniques and linked visualizations to
techniques and linked visualizations to
techniques and linked visualizations to help him explore tens of thousands of
help him explore tens of thousands of
help him explore tens of thousands of books returned by queries to the OE
books returned by queries to the OE
books returned by queries to the OE library databases when Christoph joined
library databases when Christoph joined
library databases when Christoph joined the cognitive Network he was interested
the cognitive Network he was interested
the cognitive Network he was interested in many different things but one of the
in many different things but one of the
in many different things but one of the things he was interested in was how to
things he was interested in was how to
things he was interested in was how to help his researchers explore all of the
help his researchers explore all of the
help his researchers explore all of the medical literature that had been written
medical literature that had been written
medical literature that had been written about PTSD when the two of them realized
about PTSD when the two of them realized
about PTSD when the two of them realized that they had these very similar zaps in
that they had these very similar zaps in
that they had these very similar zaps in common they didn’t waste any time
common they didn’t waste any time
common they didn’t waste any time talking about Fez David dug right into
talking about Fez David dug right into
talking about Fez David dug right into some specific details how do there’s
some specific details how do there’s
some specific details how do there’s miracle settings on question seriously
miracle settings on question seriously
miracle settings on question seriously riveted on the left hand side how do you
riveted on the left hand side how do you
riveted on the left hand side how do you have on YouTube he knows I haven’t used
have on YouTube he knows I haven’t used
have on YouTube he knows I haven’t used the tool as much as you have and so this
the tool as much as you have and so this
the tool as much as you have and so this is where um we focused more on this
is where um we focused more on this
is where um we focused more on this other tool that i think david has also
other tool that i think david has also
other tool that i think david has also on one of this time to take it a step
on one of this time to take it a step
on one of this time to take it a step further so what’s happening here is
further so what’s happening here is
further so what’s happening here is david’s asks about a very specific
david’s asks about a very specific
david’s asks about a very specific feature set in the tool and christoph is
feature set in the tool and christoph is
feature set in the tool and christoph is not familiar with those settings because
not familiar with those settings because
not familiar with those settings because actually his tool doesn’t have those
actually his tool doesn’t have those
actually his tool doesn’t have those settings these apps are similar but
settings these apps are similar but
settings these apps are similar but they’re not exactly the same and so he
they’re not exactly the same and so he
they’re not exactly the same and so he sidesteps the question by changing the
sidesteps the question by changing the
sidesteps the question by changing the topic to another zap that he is more
topic to another zap that he is more
topic to another zap that he is more familiar with but because apps are so
familiar with but because apps are so
familiar with but because apps are so accessible and tangible he can
accessible and tangible he can
accessible and tangible he can immediately give David a demo looking at
immediately give David a demo looking at
immediately give David a demo looking at the four or five concept that we’ve
the four or five concept that we’ve
the four or five concept that we’ve picked and it compares them to all the
picked and it compares them to all the
picked and it compares them to all the concepts that exists in the model in
concepts that exists in the model in
concepts that exists in the model in this case 1 1600 and is looking at what
this case 1 1600 and is looking at what
this case 1 1600 and is looking at what half exists if any between the concept
half exists if any between the concept
half exists if any between the concept that you chose and all of them are in
that you chose and all of them are in
that you chose and all of them are in the model this will give an example you
the model this will give an example you
the model this will give an example you pick up this one you see how do you go
pick up this one you see how do you go
pick up this one you see how do you go from dopamine to this other concept you
from dopamine to this other concept you
from dopamine to this other concept you can go between those two concept yet
can go between those two concept yet
can go between those two concept yet different paths and this represent
different paths and this represent
different paths and this represent biological experiments and results of
biological experiments and results of
biological experiments and results of people reserve
people reserve
people reserve used literature now there’s something
used literature now there’s something
used literature now there’s something subtle that’s happening here so I need
subtle that’s happening here so I need
subtle that’s happening here so I need to point it out but it’s important
to point it out but it’s important
to point it out but it’s important because it gets right to the heart of
because it gets right to the heart of
because it gets right to the heart of one of the biggest challenges of
one of the biggest challenges of
one of the biggest challenges of cross-disciplinary collaboration and
cross-disciplinary collaboration and
cross-disciplinary collaboration and that’s domain-specific languages when
that’s domain-specific languages when
that’s domain-specific languages when two experts from different domains come
two experts from different domains come
two experts from different domains come together they’re rarely using the same
together they’re rarely using the same
together they’re rarely using the same language even if it sounds like they’re
language even if it sounds like they’re
language even if it sounds like they’re using the same words I’ve watched
using the same words I’ve watched
using the same words I’ve watched Christoph give this demo many many times
Christoph give this demo many many times
Christoph give this demo many many times and I’ve never heard him use the word
and I’ve never heard him use the word
and I’ve never heard him use the word concept he always uses the word entity
concept he always uses the word entity
concept he always uses the word entity but when he gives the demo to David he
but when he gives the demo to David he
but when he gives the demo to David he uses the word concept five times in 30
uses the word concept five times in 30
uses the word concept five times in 30 seconds and that’s because he knows what
seconds and that’s because he knows what
seconds and that’s because he knows what he and David have in common which are
he and David have in common which are
he and David have in common which are zaps around concept mapping and so he
zaps around concept mapping and so he
zaps around concept mapping and so he intuitively finds a set of terminology
intuitively finds a set of terminology
intuitively finds a set of terminology that he thinks has the best chance of
that he thinks has the best chance of
that he thinks has the best chance of resonating with David and David in
resonating with David and David in
resonating with David and David in response is able to use Christoph zap as
response is able to use Christoph zap as
response is able to use Christoph zap as a prop for his own communication to be
a prop for his own communication to be
a prop for his own communication to be in terms that he thinks will resonate
in terms that he thinks will resonate
in terms that he thinks will resonate most with Christophe huge leap here is
most with Christophe huge leap here is
most with Christophe huge leap here is that we remember that co-occurrence is
that we remember that co-occurrence is
that we remember that co-occurrence is known as a very concept you have you
known as a very concept you have you
known as a very concept you have you kind of try to look at the content and
kind of try to look at the content and
kind of try to look at the content and determine it over when dopamine and
determine it over when dopamine and
determine it over when dopamine and something else appear in this article
something else appear in this article
something else appear in this article there’s a specific kind of relationship
there’s a specific kind of relationship
there’s a specific kind of relationship in the old world or the side of evidence
in the old world or the side of evidence
in the old world or the side of evidence you find ontology how does the world
you find ontology how does the world
you find ontology how does the world working and you had to nap be stared at
working and you had to nap be stared at
working and you had to nap be stared at about co-occurrence you have to turn
about co-occurrence you have to turn
about co-occurrence you have to turn that into when dopamine occurs with
that into when dopamine occurs with
that into when dopamine occurs with whatever here that’s actually
whatever here that’s actually
whatever here that’s actually articulating idea you’re an increase in
articulating idea you’re an increase in
articulating idea you’re an increase in dopamine occurs increase and you know
dopamine occurs increase and you know
dopamine occurs increase and you know and that’s what I’m interested when a
and that’s what I’m interested when a
and that’s what I’m interested when a religious studies professor starts a
religious studies professor starts a
religious studies professor starts a sentence talking about dopamine and then
sentence talking about dopamine and then
sentence talking about dopamine and then ends it with that’s what I’m interested
ends it with that’s what I’m interested
ends it with that’s what I’m interested in that that’s when I get really excited
in that that’s when I get really excited
in that that’s when I get really excited and just like Christophe had moved the
and just like Christophe had moved the
and just like Christophe had moved the conversation in a different direction by
conversation in a different direction by
conversation in a different direction by bringing in a secondary zap David then
bringing in a secondary zap David then
bringing in a secondary zap David then moves the conversation in a different
moves the conversation in a different
moves the conversation in a different direction now that they know how to
direction now that they know how to
direction now that they know how to communicate by bringing in some of his
communicate by bringing in some of his
communicate by bringing in some of his latest work 30 different manuscripts of
latest work 30 different manuscripts of
latest work 30 different manuscripts of the Psalms of David not the ones you
the Psalms of David not the ones you
the Psalms of David not the ones you know in the Bible if once Muslims wrote
know in the Bible if once Muslims wrote
know in the Bible if once Muslims wrote when they just rewrote there’s some
when they just rewrote there’s some
when they just rewrote there’s some overlap between those texts but they did
overlap between those texts but they did
overlap between those texts but they did a lot of editing and it is a lot
a lot of editing and it is a lot
a lot of editing and it is a lot writing and then they added more
writing and then they added more
writing and then they added more dissident drop stuff here so you have
dissident drop stuff here so you have
dissident drop stuff here so you have these 30 manuscripts or so that have
these 30 manuscripts or so that have
these 30 manuscripts or so that have sort of the same text and trying to
sort of the same text and trying to
sort of the same text and trying to figure out which was the earlier text
figure out which was the earlier text
figure out which was the earlier text what each editor do let me now at this
what each editor do let me now at this
what each editor do let me now at this point I think it’s best to think of this
point I think it’s best to think of this
point I think it’s best to think of this discussion like a network and in fact I
discussion like a network and in fact I
discussion like a network and in fact I think it’s best to think of all ideas
think it’s best to think of all ideas
think it’s best to think of all ideas like networks ideas are not monolithic
like networks ideas are not monolithic
like networks ideas are not monolithic things there are networks of modular
things there are networks of modular
things there are networks of modular things and if we look at the discussions
things and if we look at the discussions
things and if we look at the discussions so far this is how we started with
so far this is how we started with
so far this is how we started with Kristoff and David connecting around the
Kristoff and David connecting around the
Kristoff and David connecting around the commonality of two zaps then Christoph
commonality of two zaps then Christoph
commonality of two zaps then Christoph brought in another zap that would had a
brought in another zap that would had a
brought in another zap that would had a little bit less in common with others
little bit less in common with others
little bit less in common with others and David brought in a project that also
and David brought in a project that also
and David brought in a project that also had less in common and this introduces a
had less in common and this introduces a
had less in common and this introduces a concept that i like to call exaptation
concept that i like to call exaptation
concept that i like to call exaptation distance which is I think there’s an
distance which is I think there’s an
distance which is I think there’s an optimal distance between ideas to
optimal distance between ideas to
optimal distance between ideas to promote exaptation ideas that are too
promote exaptation ideas that are too
promote exaptation ideas that are too close I think it’s easy to get lost in
close I think it’s easy to get lost in
close I think it’s easy to get lost in specific details as almost happened in
specific details as almost happened in
specific details as almost happened in the beginning of this conversation and
the beginning of this conversation and
the beginning of this conversation and ideas that are too far apart they’re
ideas that are too far apart they’re
ideas that are too far apart they’re just hard to bridge but we know we’re
just hard to bridge but we know we’re
just hard to bridge but we know we’re getting close to the optimal exaptation
getting close to the optimal exaptation
getting close to the optimal exaptation distance when david starts to make
distance when david starts to make
distance when david starts to make direct comparisons between his more
direct comparisons between his more
direct comparisons between his more distant work and kristof’s more distant
distant work and kristof’s more distant
distant work and kristof’s more distant work just to point out why Chris that’s
work just to point out why Chris that’s
work just to point out why Chris that’s cool here was looking really familiar so
cool here was looking really familiar so
cool here was looking really familiar so with these Psalms just map out
with these Psalms just map out
with these Psalms just map out relationships which texts are connected
relationships which texts are connected
relationships which texts are connected to which text or you can look at the one
to which text or you can look at the one
to which text or you can look at the one text to another which chunks of text got
text to another which chunks of text got
text to another which chunks of text got moved around from the text on the left
moved around from the text on the left
moved around from the text on the left of the text on the right and what news
of the text on the right and what news
of the text on the right and what news now i wish i had a functional MRI and
now i wish i had a functional MRI and
now i wish i had a functional MRI and EEG on Christoph and David as they were
EEG on Christoph and David as they were
EEG on Christoph and David as they were having this conversation because there’s
having this conversation because there’s
having this conversation because there’s actually been a lot of research most
actually been a lot of research most
actually been a lot of research most notably being done by by dr. mark demon
notably being done by by dr. mark demon
notably being done by by dr. mark demon about the areas of the brain that are
about the areas of the brain that are
about the areas of the brain that are active during problem solving versus
active during problem solving versus
active during problem solving versus during moments of insight normal
during moments of insight normal
during moments of insight normal problem-solving tends to rely on the
problem-solving tends to rely on the
problem-solving tends to rely on the prefrontal cortex and you can see that
prefrontal cortex and you can see that
prefrontal cortex and you can see that very clearly through EEG and MRI but
very clearly through EEG and MRI but
very clearly through EEG and MRI but moments of insight demons found rely on
moments of insight demons found rely on
moments of insight demons found rely on a different part of the brain called the
a different part of the brain called the
a different part of the brain called the a STG the anterior superior temporal
a STG the anterior superior temporal
a STG the anterior superior temporal gyrus and bman was able to detect
gyrus and bman was able to detect
gyrus and bman was able to detect predict moments before somebody solved
predict moments before somebody solved
predict moments before somebody solved an insight problem that they were about
an insight problem that they were about
an insight problem that they were about to just by looking at activation in the
to just by looking at activation in the
to just by looking at activation in the asdg now we didn’t have the benefit of
asdg now we didn’t have the benefit of
asdg now we didn’t have the benefit of Mr I we can’t rely on that so we have to
Mr I we can’t rely on that so we have to
Mr I we can’t rely on that so we have to wait for the indication through excited
wait for the indication through excited
wait for the indication through excited interruption you can take a whole bunch
interruption you can take a whole bunch
interruption you can take a whole bunch of text and say which ones including you
of text and say which ones including you
of text and say which ones including you just sorry I interrupted there can you
just sorry I interrupted there can you
just sorry I interrupted there can you just image Google synteny map so it
just image Google synteny map so it
just image Google synteny map so it looks like genome you’re at location
looks like genome you’re at location
looks like genome you’re at location between different species and the gene
between different species and the gene
between different species and the gene is in this part of the chromosome human
is in this part of the chromosome human
is in this part of the chromosome human where is it the mouse exactly is the
where is it the mouse exactly is the
where is it the mouse exactly is the entity I think you can can hear the
entity I think you can can hear the
entity I think you can can hear the tenor of the conversation start to
tenor of the conversation start to
tenor of the conversation start to change as these excitations start to
change as these excitations start to
change as these excitations start to happen this first one and accept ations
happen this first one and accept ations
happen this first one and accept ations are contagious i had a couple other
are contagious i had a couple other
are contagious i had a couple other members of my team listening in on this
members of my team listening in on this
members of my team listening in on this conversation and we were all trying very
conversation and we were all trying very
conversation and we were all trying very hard not to interrupt the conversation
hard not to interrupt the conversation
hard not to interrupt the conversation between David and Christoph but I think
between David and Christoph but I think
between David and Christoph but I think all of our AST geez were firing and
all of our AST geez were firing and
all of our AST geez were firing and Andrea had an idea that was definitely
Andrea had an idea that was definitely
Andrea had an idea that was definitely worthy of interruption also to bring in
worthy of interruption also to bring in
worthy of interruption also to bring in another random example do you know the
another random example do you know the
another random example do you know the benefit project where he took check-ins
benefit project where he took check-ins
benefit project where he took check-ins from github code if you search deep
from github code if you search deep
from github code if you search deep process if the technique that he
process if the technique that he
process if the technique that he developed to show like how code was
developed to show like how code was
developed to show like how code was edited so like how pieces of code got
edited so like how pieces of code got
edited so like how pieces of code got moved around in equipment and criminals
moved around in equipment and criminals
moved around in equipment and criminals use the text itself as the ground for
use the text itself as the ground for
use the text itself as the ground for visualization there’s something
visualization there’s something
visualization there’s something particularly interesting I think about
particularly interesting I think about
particularly interesting I think about Andrea’s exaptation and it’s that this
Andrea’s exaptation and it’s that this
Andrea’s exaptation and it’s that this project d process by Ben Frey is not
project d process by Ben Frey is not
project d process by Ben Frey is not actually about visualizing the edits of
actually about visualizing the edits of
actually about visualizing the edits of code through github this visualization
code through github this visualization
code through github this visualization is showing the looping structure of code
is showing the looping structure of code
is showing the looping structure of code but I think it would be a mistake to
but I think it would be a mistake to
but I think it would be a mistake to attribute this to just misremembering or
attribute this to just misremembering or
attribute this to just misremembering or the fal ability of memory I think that
the fal ability of memory I think that
the fal ability of memory I think that would be to presuppose that the most
would be to presuppose that the most
would be to presuppose that the most important job of memory is perfect
important job of memory is perfect
important job of memory is perfect recall which I think perhaps it is not
recall which I think perhaps it is not
recall which I think perhaps it is not just like one of the most important jobs
just like one of the most important jobs
just like one of the most important jobs of cell replication is to make mistakes
of cell replication is to make mistakes
of cell replication is to make mistakes because without mutation there can be no
because without mutation there can be no
because without mutation there can be no evolution of life I think in discussions
evolution of life I think in discussions
evolution of life I think in discussions like this one of the important jobs of
like this one of the important jobs of
like this one of the important jobs of our minds is too
our minds is too
our minds is too make mistakes so that there can be these
make mistakes so that there can be these
make mistakes so that there can be these mutations that live that lead to the
mutations that live that lead to the
mutations that live that lead to the evolution of new ideas I actually don’t
evolution of new ideas I actually don’t
evolution of new ideas I actually don’t think that Andria’s misremembering d
think that Andria’s misremembering d
think that Andria’s misremembering d process I think she’s just already
process I think she’s just already
process I think she’s just already synthesizing a number of different
synthesizing a number of different
synthesizing a number of different projects that she does know about of
projects that she does know about of
projects that she does know about of which there are many visualizations
which there are many visualizations
which there are many visualizations about edits in github into this idea of
about edits in github into this idea of
about edits in github into this idea of this exaptation which has actually led
this exaptation which has actually led
this exaptation which has actually led to perhaps the most tangible step
to perhaps the most tangible step
to perhaps the most tangible step forward for David displaying his own
forward for David displaying his own
forward for David displaying his own work he says at the end oh it never
work he says at the end oh it never
work he says at the end oh it never occurred to me that I could use the text
occurred to me that I could use the text
occurred to me that I could use the text itself as the ground for the
itself as the ground for the
itself as the ground for the visualization so look at what these X
visualization so look at what these X
visualization so look at what these X applications are doing to our idea
applications are doing to our idea
applications are doing to our idea network Christoph’s bringing in this
network Christoph’s bringing in this
network Christoph’s bringing in this idea from genetics andrea is bringing in
idea from genetics andrea is bringing in
idea from genetics andrea is bringing in the work of another designer that she’s
the work of another designer that she’s
the work of another designer that she’s familiar with one thing that’s important
familiar with one thing that’s important
familiar with one thing that’s important about this is that everything is
about this is that everything is
about this is that everything is grounded in very tangible artifacts and
grounded in very tangible artifacts and
grounded in very tangible artifacts and that’s important because conversations
that’s important because conversations
that’s important because conversations like this can easily spiral up and up
like this can easily spiral up and up
like this can easily spiral up and up into pie-in-the-sky ideas so vague to
into pie-in-the-sky ideas so vague to
into pie-in-the-sky ideas so vague to not be actionable but in our idea
not be actionable but in our idea
not be actionable but in our idea Network things are actually moving in
Network things are actually moving in
Network things are actually moving in the other direction they’re becoming
the other direction they’re becoming
the other direction they’re becoming more and more tangible and with a little
more and more tangible and with a little
more and more tangible and with a little bit more discussion David comes up with
bit more discussion David comes up with
bit more discussion David comes up with a very concrete idea for a new set of
a very concrete idea for a new set of
a very concrete idea for a new set of course those now if I could get a blank
course those now if I could get a blank
course those now if I could get a blank copy of that with let’s say a set of
copy of that with let’s say a set of
copy of that with let’s say a set of arabic text at this data set all
arabic text at this data set all
arabic text at this data set all enhanced you think what is the where do
enhanced you think what is the where do
enhanced you think what is the where do i enter a little piece of information
i enter a little piece of information
i enter a little piece of information when i read a text and then the place
when i read a text and then the place
when i read a text and then the place where i can customize the nature’s or
where i can customize the nature’s or
where i can customize the nature’s or the relationships to find relationships
the relationships to find relationships
the relationships to find relationships those are the only two things i need to
those are the only two things i need to
those are the only two things i need to be able to do and that there could even
be able to do and that there could even
be able to do and that there could even be just my way of keeping no doubt it
be just my way of keeping no doubt it
be just my way of keeping no doubt it finally will result in my book Yeah
finally will result in my book Yeah
finally will result in my book Yeah right but if I if I’m doing a lot of
right but if I if I’m doing a lot of
right but if I if I’m doing a lot of work over a 10-year project my book I’m
work over a 10-year project my book I’m
work over a 10-year project my book I’m going to have notes in one format or
going to have notes in one format or
going to have notes in one format or another it better not just me this time
another it better not just me this time
another it better not just me this time around three-by-five cards word document
around three-by-five cards word document
around three-by-five cards word document the charts or if I can take my notes in
the charts or if I can take my notes in
the charts or if I can take my notes in this kind of environment where I will
this kind of environment where I will
this kind of environment where I will then be able to use those notes in new
then be able to use those notes in new
then be able to use those notes in new ways that’s true that’s true EG so what
ways that’s true that’s true EG so what
ways that’s true that’s true EG so what started as a somewhat awkward
started as a somewhat awkward
started as a somewhat awkward introduction between two strangers has
introduction between two strangers has
introduction between two strangers has now led to a very
now led to a very
now led to a very create idea for a new sort of notetaking
create idea for a new sort of notetaking
create idea for a new sort of notetaking research tool and that idea actually has
research tool and that idea actually has
research tool and that idea actually has ninety percent of its groundwork already
ninety percent of its groundwork already
ninety percent of its groundwork already laid in work that’s been done in others
laid in work that’s been done in others
laid in work that’s been done in others apps now I’m not sharing this discussion
apps now I’m not sharing this discussion
apps now I’m not sharing this discussion with you because I think it’s the only
with you because I think it’s the only
with you because I think it’s the only time discussions has led to new ideas
time discussions has led to new ideas
time discussions has led to new ideas people have exciting discussions that
people have exciting discussions that
people have exciting discussions that lead to new ideas all the time all over
lead to new ideas all the time all over
lead to new ideas all the time all over the place in all sorts of environments
the place in all sorts of environments
the place in all sorts of environments but what I do think is new is the idea
but what I do think is new is the idea
but what I do think is new is the idea of using the lens of exaptation to look
of using the lens of exaptation to look
of using the lens of exaptation to look at ideas as networks so that we can
at ideas as networks so that we can
at ideas as networks so that we can actively facilitate innovation and we
actively facilitate innovation and we
actively facilitate innovation and we can facilitate it in a way that can
can facilitate it in a way that can
can facilitate it in a way that can scale if there’s one thing that
scale if there’s one thing that
scale if there’s one thing that technology is extremely good at doing
technology is extremely good at doing
technology is extremely good at doing today it’s building large-scale networks
today it’s building large-scale networks
today it’s building large-scale networks in very short periods of time over the
in very short periods of time over the
in very short periods of time over the next year Kristoff and I are working
next year Kristoff and I are working
next year Kristoff and I are working with Cohen veterans Biosciences to build
with Cohen veterans Biosciences to build
with Cohen veterans Biosciences to build a cognitive network that will help the
a cognitive network that will help the
a cognitive network that will help the mental exaptation of all of the
mental exaptation of all of the
mental exaptation of all of the researchers working on the hard problem
researchers working on the hard problem
researchers working on the hard problem of post-traumatic stress disorder
of post-traumatic stress disorder
of post-traumatic stress disorder David’s going to continue building zaps
David’s going to continue building zaps
David’s going to continue building zaps for his own research and my teams
for his own research and my teams
for his own research and my teams working hard to create a widespread open
working hard to create a widespread open
working hard to create a widespread open version of the cognitive Network that
version of the cognitive Network that
version of the cognitive Network that anyone can join these accept ations are
anyone can join these accept ations are
anyone can join these accept ations are just the beginning thank you very much
just the beginning thank you very much
just the beginning thank you very much [Applause]
”
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