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The virtues of cryptocurrencies | Lorien Gamaroff | TEDxLausanne


so I was born in Zimbabwe and in 2008 I

so I was born in Zimbabwe and in 2008 I watched as the central bank printed

watched as the central bank printed

watched as the central bank printed these 100 trillion dollars when I showed

these 100 trillion dollars when I showed

these 100 trillion dollars when I showed this note to a friend here he said wow

this note to a friend here he said wow

this note to a friend here he said wow that’s more stars than there are in our

that’s more stars than there are in our

that’s more stars than there are in our galaxy three eggs cost a hundred billion

galaxy three eggs cost a hundred billion

galaxy three eggs cost a hundred billion dollars just before the currency

dollars just before the currency

dollars just before the currency collapsed and became worthless and the

collapsed and became worthless and the

collapsed and became worthless and the wealth of millions of people was wiped

wealth of millions of people was wiped

wealth of millions of people was wiped out

out

out my grandfather stopped drawing his

my grandfather stopped drawing his

my grandfather stopped drawing his pension because the costs to do so were

pension because the costs to do so were

pension because the costs to do so were more than the value of it hyperinflation

more than the value of it hyperinflation

more than the value of it hyperinflation is inevitable when currency and money

is inevitable when currency and money

is inevitable when currency and money can be created without restraint the

can be created without restraint the

can be created without restraint the irony is now that this Note has value

irony is now that this Note has value

irony is now that this Note has value again but not because it is useful as a

again but not because it is useful as a

again but not because it is useful as a currency but as a memento of how money

currency but as a memento of how money

currency but as a memento of how money destroys nations in South Africa my

destroys nations in South Africa my

destroys nations in South Africa my parents eventually moved there as well

parents eventually moved there as well

parents eventually moved there as well as many other Zimbabweans during

as many other Zimbabweans during

as many other Zimbabweans during apartheid the South African government

apartheid the South African government

apartheid the South African government forcibly moved a lot of black people all

forcibly moved a lot of black people all

forcibly moved a lot of black people all the black people out of the cities and

the black people out of the cities and

the black people out of the cities and into territories called homelands

into territories called homelands

into territories called homelands informal settlements sprung up that were

informal settlements sprung up that were

informal settlements sprung up that were poor and lacked services outside of the

poor and lacked services outside of the

poor and lacked services outside of the towns and the legacy of this remains

towns and the legacy of this remains

towns and the legacy of this remains today

today

today my father was committed to serving these

my father was committed to serving these

my father was committed to serving these poor communities and so he moved us to a

poor communities and so he moved us to a

poor communities and so he moved us to a small town the name of which means place

small town the name of which means place

small town the name of which means place of stones and he became a school teacher

of stones and he became a school teacher

of stones and he became a school teacher I attended a dusty little school and

I attended a dusty little school and

I attended a dusty little school and together with my siblings we formed the

together with my siblings we formed the

together with my siblings we formed the majority of the white kids I live speaks

majority of the white kids I live speaks

majority of the white kids I live speaks wanna and I grew a strong bond with that

wanna and I grew a strong bond with that

wanna and I grew a strong bond with that school as well as many schools like it

school as well as many schools like it

school as well as many schools like it that remains with me today just outside

that remains with me today just outside

that remains with me today just outside of the school was a landfill the rubbish

of the school was a landfill the rubbish

of the school was a landfill the rubbish was dumped and many people lived on the

was dumped and many people lived on the

was dumped and many people lived on the rubbish

rubbish

rubbish scrounging for food and looking for

scrounging for food and looking for

scrounging for food and looking for useful items with which to build their

useful items with which to build their

useful items with which to build their lives my father would make giant pots of

lives my father would make giant pots of

lives my father would make giant pots of soup and load them into the back of our

soup and load them into the back of our

soup and load them into the back of our van that he had had the seats removed

van that he had had the seats removed

van that he had had the seats removed and would transport it to the landfill

and would transport it to the landfill

and would transport it to the landfill there was a lot of sloshing about and so

there was a lot of sloshing about and so

there was a lot of sloshing about and so he made my brother and I sit on the lids

he made my brother and I sit on the lids

he made my brother and I sit on the lids and in spite of our best efforts a bit

and in spite of our best efforts a bit

and in spite of our best efforts a bit was always lost he would serve the soup

was always lost he would serve the soup

was always lost he would serve the soup in tin cans that he found lying around

in tin cans that he found lying around

in tin cans that he found lying around in the on the dump and my brother and I

in the on the dump and my brother and I

in the on the dump and my brother and I would wander around looking for

would wander around looking for

would wander around looking for interesting pieces of junk to play with

interesting pieces of junk to play with

interesting pieces of junk to play with with the kids that we met there my

with the kids that we met there my

with the kids that we met there my father went out of his way to do good

father went out of his way to do good

father went out of his way to do good for the people in those communities but

for the people in those communities but

for the people in those communities but for us it’s impracticable and practical

for us it’s impracticable and practical

for us it’s impracticable and practical to do what he did aid organizations act

to do what he did aid organizations act

to do what he did aid organizations act as trusted intermediaries between us and

as trusted intermediaries between us and

as trusted intermediaries between us and the causes we believe in but there is a

the causes we believe in but there is a

the causes we believe in but there is a leaky bucket problem money that is

leaky bucket problem money that is

leaky bucket problem money that is donated leaks out in the form of

donated leaks out in the form of

donated leaks out in the form of administration costs in efficiencies and

administration costs in efficiencies and

administration costs in efficiencies and sometimes corruption clearly the

sometimes corruption clearly the

sometimes corruption clearly the financial systems that we depend on

financial systems that we depend on

financial systems that we depend on today leave something to be desired

today leave something to be desired

today leave something to be desired and in 2000 in the early 2000s with the

and in 2000 in the early 2000s with the

and in 2000 in the early 2000s with the advent of the internet Milton Friedman a

advent of the internet Milton Friedman a

advent of the internet Milton Friedman a Nobel Prize winning economist predicted

Nobel Prize winning economist predicted

Nobel Prize winning economist predicted that what was missing but would soon be

that what was missing but would soon be

that what was missing but would soon be invented was a reliable ecash it didn’t

invented was a reliable ecash it didn’t

invented was a reliable ecash it didn’t mean a currency that was controlled by

mean a currency that was controlled by

mean a currency that was controlled by the banks but a digital form of sound

the banks but a digital form of sound

the banks but a digital form of sound money that acted like cash sound money

money that acted like cash sound money

money that acted like cash sound money has always linked to something with

has always linked to something with

has always linked to something with intrinsic value like gold and cash is

intrinsic value like gold and cash is

intrinsic value like gold and cash is something you can keep on your person

something you can keep on your person

something you can keep on your person without having to trust a custodian you

without having to trust a custodian you

without having to trust a custodian you know in 2009 it prompt prompted by the

know in 2009 it prompt prompted by the

know in 2009 it prompt prompted by the the global financial crisis a group of

the global financial crisis a group of

the global financial crisis a group of researchers and developers fulfilled

researchers and developers fulfilled

researchers and developers fulfilled Milton Friedman’s prediction and they

Milton Friedman’s prediction and they

Milton Friedman’s prediction and they created a technology called Bitcoin

created a technology called Bitcoin

created a technology called Bitcoin Bitcoin is a decentralized currency that

Bitcoin is a decentralized currency that

Bitcoin is a decentralized currency that means it’s not issued by a central bank

means it’s not issued by a central bank

means it’s not issued by a central bank and not governed by any Authority it was

and not governed by any Authority it was

and not governed by any Authority it was designed to be a digital form of gold

designed to be a digital form of gold

designed to be a digital form of gold which means it acts as a

which means it acts as a

which means it acts as a hedge against inflation it is also a

hedge against inflation it is also a

hedge against inflation it is also a peer-to-peer payment Network and anybody

peer-to-peer payment Network and anybody

peer-to-peer payment Network and anybody with access to the Internet can use it

with access to the Internet can use it

with access to the Internet can use it when I first heard about Bitcoin it was

when I first heard about Bitcoin it was

when I first heard about Bitcoin it was during the height of the financial

during the height of the financial

during the height of the financial crisis and the Zimbabwean dollar had

crisis and the Zimbabwean dollar had

crisis and the Zimbabwean dollar had already collapsed there was no more

already collapsed there was no more

already collapsed there was no more fertile ground for the idea of a

fertile ground for the idea of a

fertile ground for the idea of a decentralized peer-to-peer digital form

decentralized peer-to-peer digital form

decentralized peer-to-peer digital form of sound money to take root than in

of sound money to take root than in

of sound money to take root than in southern Africa and I wondered if this

southern Africa and I wondered if this

southern Africa and I wondered if this technology could solve the leaky bucket

technology could solve the leaky bucket

technology could solve the leaky bucket problem and allow people to directly

problem and allow people to directly

problem and allow people to directly support the causes they believe in so

support the causes they believe in so

support the causes they believe in so memories of my childhood led me down the

memories of my childhood led me down the

memories of my childhood led me down the path to a small school called MOA knee

path to a small school called MOA knee

path to a small school called MOA knee primary MOA knee is located on the

primary MOA knee is located on the

primary MOA knee is located on the outskirts of the city of Johannesburg in

outskirts of the city of Johannesburg in

outskirts of the city of Johannesburg in South Africa it is the legacy of

South Africa it is the legacy of

South Africa it is the legacy of apartheid and very close to where Nelson

apartheid and very close to where Nelson

apartheid and very close to where Nelson Mandela lived as a boy like many schools

Mandela lived as a boy like many schools

Mandela lived as a boy like many schools in South Africa it has given a small

in South Africa it has given a small

in South Africa it has given a small budget that nitin up to cover the costs

budget that nitin up to cover the costs

budget that nitin up to cover the costs of running school so broken toilets

of running school so broken toilets

of running school so broken toilets remain unfixed and heating and cooling

remain unfixed and heating and cooling

remain unfixed and heating and cooling is a lift off to pay for more important

is a lift off to pay for more important

is a lift off to pay for more important items mostly what happens is that

items mostly what happens is that

items mostly what happens is that utilities are left unpaid and massive

utilities are left unpaid and massive

utilities are left unpaid and massive debts are crew and this is where I saw

debts are crew and this is where I saw

debts are crew and this is where I saw an opportunity I was working in the

an opportunity I was working in the

an opportunity I was working in the energy industry at the time and I was

energy industry at the time and I was

energy industry at the time and I was building smart metering technology and I

building smart metering technology and I

building smart metering technology and I had the idea to link a Bitcoin address

had the idea to link a Bitcoin address

had the idea to link a Bitcoin address to a smart meter this meant that anybody

to a smart meter this meant that anybody

to a smart meter this meant that anybody around the world could directly fund

around the world could directly fund

around the world could directly fund that meter so I had it installed at mo

that meter so I had it installed at mo

that meter so I had it installed at mo any primary school and I wondered what

any primary school and I wondered what

any primary school and I wondered what to do next a friend of mine in Vienna

to do next a friend of mine in Vienna

to do next a friend of mine in Vienna EDS heard about this experiment he was

EDS heard about this experiment he was

EDS heard about this experiment he was giving a talk in Boston and he suggested

giving a talk in Boston and he suggested

giving a talk in Boston and he suggested that we do a live demo from the

that we do a live demo from the

that we do a live demo from the conference so I drove down at 3 o’clock

conference so I drove down at 3 o’clock

conference so I drove down at 3 o’clock in the morning to mo ne and I videoed

in the morning to mo ne and I videoed

in the morning to mo ne and I videoed into the conference and I explained to

into the conference and I explained to

into the conference and I explained to the delegates what I had created and I

the delegates what I had created and I

the delegates what I had created and I say that they can now directly fund

say that they can now directly fund

say that they can now directly fund energy needs of the school so I walked

energy needs of the school so I walked

energy needs of the school so I walked around the school it was pitch dark the

around the school it was pitch dark the

around the school it was pitch dark the meter had no credits on it and I showed

meter had no credits on it and I showed

meter had no credits on it and I showed the meter and explained to the delegates

the meter and explained to the delegates

the meter and explained to the delegates what it would do it was completely dark

what it would do it was completely dark

what it would do it was completely dark and wanted to give them a feeling of

and wanted to give them a feeling of

and wanted to give them a feeling of what it was like to be down there I was

what it was like to be down there I was

what it was like to be down there I was on the other side of the world compared

on the other side of the world compared

on the other side of the world compared to them so it has scanned the Bitcoin

to them so it has scanned the Bitcoin

to them so it has scanned the Bitcoin address into his phone at the conference

address into his phone at the conference

address into his phone at the conference and he sent a Bitcoin which was worth

and he sent a Bitcoin which was worth

and he sent a Bitcoin which was worth about five hundred dollars at that time

about five hundred dollars at that time

about five hundred dollars at that time about five and a half thousand kilowatt

about five and a half thousand kilowatt

about five and a half thousand kilowatt hours of energy enough to fund the

hours of energy enough to fund the

hours of energy enough to fund the energy needs of that school for an

energy needs of that school for an

energy needs of that school for an entire month so he sent up the payment

entire month so he sent up the payment

entire month so he sent up the payment and for an anxious few seconds I said

and for an anxious few seconds I said

and for an anxious few seconds I said and waited and eventually the Bitcoin

and waited and eventually the Bitcoin

and waited and eventually the Bitcoin hit the meter and the lights went on he

hit the meter and the lights went on he

hit the meter and the lights went on he didn’t know this none of the delegates

didn’t know this none of the delegates

didn’t know this none of the delegates knew this but behind me the teachers had

knew this but behind me the teachers had

knew this but behind me the teachers had been so excited my parents were so

been so excited my parents were so

been so excited my parents were so excited they didn’t want to miss this

excited they didn’t want to miss this

excited they didn’t want to miss this and they’d been sitting behind me the

and they’d been sitting behind me the

and they’d been sitting behind me the whole time and they started celebrating

whole time and they started celebrating

whole time and they started celebrating and so did the delegates all the way at

and so did the delegates all the way at

and so did the delegates all the way at MIT in Boston and they shared all of

MIT in Boston and they shared all of

MIT in Boston and they shared all of them shared a unique experience without

them shared a unique experience without

them shared a unique experience without needing a bank or a remittance company

needing a bank or a remittance company

needing a bank or a remittance company or an aid organization Oh Caesar means

or an aid organization Oh Caesar means

or an aid organization Oh Caesar means help in Zulu and I’ve created the first

help in Zulu and I’ve created the first

help in Zulu and I’ve created the first of its kind crowdfunding platform where

of its kind crowdfunding platform where

of its kind crowdfunding platform where people from around the world can

people from around the world can

people from around the world can directly fund the energy needs of Mid

directly fund the energy needs of Mid

directly fund the energy needs of Mid East African schools and hospitals

East African schools and hospitals

East African schools and hospitals you can touch their lives right now

you can touch their lives right now

you can touch their lives right now through this address another interesting

through this address another interesting

through this address another interesting aspect about cryptocurrencies

aspect about cryptocurrencies

aspect about cryptocurrencies is that it allows us to reach the long

is that it allows us to reach the long

is that it allows us to reach the long tail of charitable causes now the long

tail of charitable causes now the long

tail of charitable causes now the long tail was popularized by Chris Anderson

tail was popularized by Chris Anderson

tail was popularized by Chris Anderson and if you apply it to charities it

and if you apply it to charities it

and if you apply it to charities it shows us how they are usually a small

shows us how they are usually a small

shows us how they are usually a small number of causes and charities that get

number of causes and charities that get

number of causes and charities that get the most funding but there are many

the most funding but there are many

the most funding but there are many causes out there down the long tail that

causes out there down the long tail that

causes out there down the long tail that we cannot reach with cryptocurrencies we

we cannot reach with cryptocurrencies we

we cannot reach with cryptocurrencies we can now reach that long tail so all of

can now reach that long tail so all of

can now reach that long tail so all of human history has been punctuated by

human history has been punctuated by

human history has been punctuated by periods of intense

periods of intense

periods of intense activity and innovation innovation that

activity and innovation innovation that

activity and innovation innovation that is shaped civilization and defined our

is shaped civilization and defined our

is shaped civilization and defined our culture but where it is almost universal

culture but where it is almost universal

culture but where it is almost universal whenever we are faced with something new

whenever we are faced with something new

whenever we are faced with something new to treat it with fear skepticism and

to treat it with fear skepticism and

to treat it with fear skepticism and doubt and cryptocurrencies are no

doubt and cryptocurrencies are no

doubt and cryptocurrencies are no different the internet gave us all a

different the internet gave us all a

different the internet gave us all a voice that can be heard around the world

voice that can be heard around the world

voice that can be heard around the world but cryptocurrencies allow us to be more

but cryptocurrencies allow us to be more

but cryptocurrencies allow us to be more than just heard but to also be felt so

than just heard but to also be felt so

than just heard but to also be felt so reach out and touch someone thank you

reach out and touch someone thank you

reach out and touch someone thank you [Applause]

”

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