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The Science of Storytelling | Will Storr | TEDxManchester


okay

okay so if there’s anybody out there in the

so if there’s anybody out there in the

so if there’s anybody out there in the audience today that has any interest

audience today that has any interest

audience today that has any interest whatsoever in becoming a great

whatsoever in becoming a great

whatsoever in becoming a great storyteller

storyteller

storyteller I have amazing news you already are one

I have amazing news you already are one

I have amazing news you already are one you’re a fantastic storyteller now I

you’re a fantastic storyteller now I

you’re a fantastic storyteller now I know what you’re thinking you’re

know what you’re thinking you’re

know what you’re thinking you’re probably thinking something like oh wow

probably thinking something like oh wow

probably thinking something like oh wow fucking out this guy’s seen way too many

fucking out this guy’s seen way too many

fucking out this guy’s seen way too many TED Talks but I really mean it it’s

TED Talks but I really mean it it’s

TED Talks but I really mean it it’s absolutely true assuming that you’re in

absolutely true assuming that you’re in

absolutely true assuming that you’re in possession of a basically functional

possession of a basically functional

possession of a basically functional human brain you have at your disposal a

human brain you have at your disposal a

human brain you have at your disposal a device there’s been shaped by millions

device there’s been shaped by millions

device there’s been shaped by millions of years of evolution to tell and to

of years of evolution to tell and to

of years of evolution to tell and to understand the world through stories and

understand the world through stories and

understand the world through stories and but understanding exactly how it does

but understanding exactly how it does

but understanding exactly how it does this not only can we make ourselves

this not only can we make ourselves

this not only can we make ourselves better storytellers but we can even

better storytellers but we can even

better storytellers but we can even glimpse answers to some of humanity’s

glimpse answers to some of humanity’s

glimpse answers to some of humanity’s most profound questions such as how

most profound questions such as how

most profound questions such as how should I live my life well and happily

should I live my life well and happily

should I live my life well and happily and even what is the meaning of life

and even what is the meaning of life

and even what is the meaning of life so as herb said I’ve spent my life

so as herb said I’ve spent my life

so as herb said I’ve spent my life telling stories I’m a journalist

telling stories I’m a journalist

telling stories I’m a journalist and I’m a novelist and I write all these

and I’m a novelist and I write all these

and I’m a novelist and I write all these kind of science II non-fiction books and

kind of science II non-fiction books and

kind of science II non-fiction books and but also a teacher and for the last few

but also a teacher and for the last few

but also a teacher and for the last few years I’ve been kind of traveling the

years I’ve been kind of traveling the

years I’ve been kind of traveling the world teaching writers how to use

world teaching writers how to use

world teaching writers how to use science to make themselves better

science to make themselves better

science to make themselves better storytellers and my interest in the

storytellers and my interest in the

storytellers and my interest in the science of storytelling began around a

science of storytelling began around a

science of storytelling began around a decade ago and I was researching a book

decade ago and I was researching a book

decade ago and I was researching a book on the psychology of belief and at the

on the psychology of belief and at the

on the psychology of belief and at the time I was also kind of struggling with

time I was also kind of struggling with

time I was also kind of struggling with my first novel and because I was

my first novel and because I was

my first novel and because I was struggling I bought all these books on

struggling I bought all these books on

struggling I bought all these books on storytelling and so I started reading

storytelling and so I started reading

storytelling and so I started reading all these books and I noticed something

all these books and I noticed something

all these books and I noticed something weird and that is that the thing is that

weird and that is that the thing is that

weird and that is that the thing is that the storytellers were saying about how

the storytellers were saying about how

the storytellers were saying about how to tell stories were the same as the

to tell stories were the same as the

to tell stories were the same as the things that the psychologists I’ve been

things that the psychologists I’ve been

things that the psychologists I’ve been interviewing have been telling me about

interviewing have been telling me about

interviewing have been telling me about how we experience our everyday lives so

how we experience our everyday lives so

how we experience our everyday lives so the scientists and the storytellers had

the scientists and the storytellers had

the scientists and the storytellers had started off in completely different

started off in completely different

started off in completely different places but I’d ended up discovering the

places but I’d ended up discovering the

places but I’d ended up discovering the same things so that was weird

same things so that was weird

same things so that was weird within I realized it actually makes

within I realized it actually makes

within I realized it actually makes perfect sense because story is what

perfect sense because story is what

perfect sense because story is what brain does story isn’t something that

brain does story isn’t something that

brain does story isn’t something that was designed by clever people

was designed by clever people

was designed by clever people of years ago writing with quills it’s

of years ago writing with quills it’s

of years ago writing with quills it’s more like a product of biological

more like a product of biological

more like a product of biological evolution so story emerges from human

evolution so story emerges from human

evolution so story emerges from human brains as naturally as breath emerges

brains as naturally as breath emerges

brains as naturally as breath emerges from between human lips and assuming

from between human lips and assuming

from between human lips and assuming that you’re in possession of a basically

that you’re in possession of a basically

that you’re in possession of a basically healthy one you’re going to be spending

healthy one you’re going to be spending

healthy one you’re going to be spending a lot of your time experiencing your

a lot of your time experiencing your

a lot of your time experiencing your lives as if you’re the plucky hero at

lives as if you’re the plucky hero at

lives as if you’re the plucky hero at the center of an unfolding plot

the center of an unfolding plot

the center of an unfolding plot struggling against great odds to make a

struggling against great odds to make a

struggling against great odds to make a better life

better life

better life so by interrogating how the brain does

so by interrogating how the brain does

so by interrogating how the brain does this we can get to these clues and hacks

this we can get to these clues and hacks

this we can get to these clues and hacks on storytelling and I’m going to share

on storytelling and I’m going to share

on storytelling and I’m going to share just six of those tips with you over the

just six of those tips with you over the

just six of those tips with you over the next sort of 10 or so minutes so the

next sort of 10 or so minutes so the

next sort of 10 or so minutes so the first one so all story is changed that’s

first one so all story is changed that’s

first one so all story is changed that’s what it is whether it’s a 60 word news

what it is whether it’s a 60 word news

what it is whether it’s a 60 word news piece in the tabloid about Kim

piece in the tabloid about Kim

piece in the tabloid about Kim Kardashian’s shoe falling off or it’s a

Kardashian’s shoe falling off or it’s a

Kardashian’s shoe falling off or it’s a 1200 page work of high literature like

1200 page work of high literature like

1200 page work of high literature like Anna Karenina all story is change now

Anna Karenina all story is change now

Anna Karenina all story is change now why is that it’s because brains are

why is that it’s because brains are

why is that it’s because brains are obsessed with change they have to be and

obsessed with change they have to be and

obsessed with change they have to be and for lots of interesting reasons but one

for lots of interesting reasons but one

for lots of interesting reasons but one of them is because of a peculiar ‘ti

of them is because of a peculiar ‘ti

of them is because of a peculiar ‘ti about how our senses work so we think

about how our senses work so we think

about how our senses work so we think our senses are amazing but actually with

our senses are amazing but actually with

our senses are amazing but actually with the exception of the skin our senses

the exception of the skin our senses

the exception of the skin our senses give very limited and partial

give very limited and partial

give very limited and partial information to the brain so if you hold

information to the brain so if you hold

information to the brain so if you hold out your arm and look at your thumbnail

out your arm and look at your thumbnail

out your arm and look at your thumbnail that tiny dot in the center is all you

that tiny dot in the center is all you

that tiny dot in the center is all you can see in high-definition and full

can see in high-definition and full

can see in high-definition and full color at once

color at once

color at once color ends around 20 to 30 degrees out

color ends around 20 to 30 degrees out

color ends around 20 to 30 degrees out of that high-definition core and it’s

of that high-definition core and it’s

of that high-definition core and it’s all fuzzy outside of that core so how is

all fuzzy outside of that core so how is

all fuzzy outside of that core so how is it then that we feel that we can see so

it then that we feel that we can see so

it then that we feel that we can see so perfectly well it’s because the brain is

perfectly well it’s because the brain is

perfectly well it’s because the brain is obsessed with change that big fuzzy area

obsessed with change that big fuzzy area

obsessed with change that big fuzzy area outside the high-definition core is

outside the high-definition core is

outside the high-definition core is sensitive to changes in your environment

sensitive to changes in your environment

sensitive to changes in your environment and when your brain detects those

and when your brain detects those

and when your brain detects those changes it sends that high-definition

changes it sends that high-definition

changes it sends that high-definition core out to investigate it

core out to investigate it

core out to investigate it and your eyes constantly doing that it’s

and your eyes constantly doing that it’s

and your eyes constantly doing that it’s the fastest movement in the human body

the fastest movement in the human body

the fastest movement in the human body it’s called a sac aid and you do four to

it’s called a sac aid and you do four to

it’s called a sac aid and you do four to five saccades every single second and so

five saccades every single second and so

five saccades every single second and so now imagine your face not as a face but

now imagine your face not as a face but

now imagine your face not as a face but as an amazing machine for detecting

as an amazing machine for detecting

as an amazing machine for detecting change there’s barely a millimeter on it

change there’s barely a millimeter on it

change there’s barely a millimeter on it isn’t dedicated to it somehow so you’re

isn’t dedicated to it somehow so you’re

isn’t dedicated to it somehow so you’re walking down the street you’re not

walking down the street you’re not

walking down the street you’re not really aware of what’s going to and

really aware of what’s going to and

really aware of what’s going to and you’re thinking about some argument you

you’re thinking about some argument you

you’re thinking about some argument you just have with some idiot on Twitter or

just have with some idiot on Twitter or

just have with some idiot on Twitter or something

something

something this change in your environment is like

this change in your environment is like

this change in your environment is like a a bang or someone calls your name what

a a bang or someone calls your name what

a a bang or someone calls your name what happens will you stop your internal

happens will you stop your internal

happens will you stop your internal monologue ceases and you turn this

monologue ceases and you turn this

monologue ceases and you turn this amazing change detecting machine out in

amazing change detecting machine out in

amazing change detecting machine out in the direction of the change to answer

the direction of the change to answer

the direction of the change to answer the question what was that

the question what was that

the question what was that now psychologists call that an orienting

now psychologists call that an orienting

now psychologists call that an orienting response and that’s what storytellers

response and that’s what storytellers

response and that’s what storytellers are doing they’re creating moments of

are doing they’re creating moments of

are doing they’re creating moments of unexpected change which are generating

unexpected change which are generating

unexpected change which are generating orienting responses in the brains of

orienting responses in the brains of

orienting responses in the brains of their kind of readers and viewers of

their kind of readers and viewers of

their kind of readers and viewers of their TV shows and this is such an

their TV shows and this is such an

their TV shows and this is such an important principle that really good

important principle that really good

important principle that really good writers lots of them put these moments

writers lots of them put these moments

writers lots of them put these moments of unexpected change in their very first

of unexpected change in their very first

of unexpected change in their very first sentences of their story so I’m gonna

sentences of their story so I’m gonna

sentences of their story so I’m gonna show just a few quick examples here you

show just a few quick examples here you

show just a few quick examples here you guys need a new clicker right so here we

guys need a new clicker right so here we

guys need a new clicker right so here we go first instance of where spots very

go first instance of where spots very

go first instance of where spots very famous children’s book that spot he

famous children’s book that spot he

famous children’s book that spot he hasn’t eaten his supper where can he be

hasn’t eaten his supper where can he be

hasn’t eaten his supper where can he be so unexpected change spots gone missing

so unexpected change spots gone missing

so unexpected change spots gone missing but there’s also something else in there

but there’s also something else in there

but there’s also something else in there there’s the threat of change where can

there’s the threat of change where can

there’s the threat of change where can he be where is he we don’t know he could

he be where is he we don’t know he could

he be where is he we don’t know he could be under a bus oh you know so there you

be under a bus oh you know so there you

be under a bus oh you know so there you go so that’s changing the threat of

go so that’s changing the threat of

go so that’s changing the threat of change in the in the first sort of three

change in the in the first sort of three

change in the in the first sort of three short sentences here’s another one JK

short sentences here’s another one JK

short sentences here’s another one JK Rowling of course we all know who JK

Rowling of course we all know who JK

Rowling of course we all know who JK Rowling is first sentence of Harry

Rowling is first sentence of Harry

Rowling is first sentence of Harry Potter

Potter

Potter mr. and mrs. Dursley if number four

mr. and mrs. Dursley if number four

mr. and mrs. Dursley if number four privet drive were proud to say that they

privet drive were proud to say that they

privet drive were proud to say that they were perfectly normal thank you very

were perfectly normal thank you very

were perfectly normal thank you very much that’s a great first sentence

much that’s a great first sentence

much that’s a great first sentence because it’s absolutely pregnant with a

because it’s absolutely pregnant with a

because it’s absolutely pregnant with a threat of change as storytellers we know

threat of change as storytellers we know

threat of change as storytellers we know that something’s going to happen so

that something’s going to happen so

that something’s going to happen so puncture that perfect life of mr. and

puncture that perfect life of mr. and

puncture that perfect life of mr. and mrs. Dursley so that’s you know that

mrs. Dursley so that’s you know that

mrs. Dursley so that’s you know that that’s great and here’s another really

that’s great and here’s another really

that’s great and here’s another really good one

good one

good one Charles Dickens Marley was dead to begin

Charles Dickens Marley was dead to begin

Charles Dickens Marley was dead to begin with I mean that’s amazing change and

with I mean that’s amazing change and

with I mean that’s amazing change and the threat of change in just six words

the threat of change in just six words

the threat of change in just six words so that’s really good writing but I know

so that’s really good writing but I know

so that’s really good writing but I know you might be thinking by now you might

you might be thinking by now you might

you might be thinking by now you might be thinking yeah yeah but these are all

be thinking yeah yeah but these are all

be thinking yeah yeah but these are all kids stories right

kids stories right

kids stories right surely the big literary gods aren’t

surely the big literary gods aren’t

surely the big literary gods aren’t doing the same thing as we’re spa well

doing the same thing as we’re spa well

doing the same thing as we’re spa well how about Jonathan Franzen is he

how about Jonathan Franzen is he

how about Jonathan Franzen is he literary enough for you so this is the

literary enough for you so this is the

literary enough for you so this is the first sentence two sentences of Jonathan

first sentence two sentences of Jonathan

first sentence two sentences of Jonathan Franzen’s literary masterpiece the

Franzen’s literary masterpiece the

Franzen’s literary masterpiece the corrections the madness of an autumn

corrections the madness of an autumn

corrections the madness of an autumn Prairie cold front coming

Prairie cold front coming

Prairie cold front coming you could feel it something terrible is

you could feel it something terrible is

you could feel it something terrible is going to happen so Jonathan Franzen

going to happen so Jonathan Franzen

going to happen so Jonathan Franzen doing the same thing as where spot there

doing the same thing as where spot there

doing the same thing as where spot there and here’s another one

and here’s another one

and here’s another one hanif khureshi another literary god

hanif khureshi another literary god

hanif khureshi another literary god first sentence of his classic intimacy

first sentence of his classic intimacy

first sentence of his classic intimacy it is the saddest night for I am leaving

it is the saddest night for I am leaving

it is the saddest night for I am leaving and I’m not coming back change that’s

and I’m not coming back change that’s

and I’m not coming back change that’s what it is and that’s how your story

what it is and that’s how your story

what it is and that’s how your story should continue to a really

should continue to a really

should continue to a really well-constructed story is a sequence of

well-constructed story is a sequence of

well-constructed story is a sequence of causes and effects one change leading to

causes and effects one change leading to

causes and effects one change leading to the next change leading to the next

the next change leading to the next

the next change leading to the next unexpected effect and that’s because

unexpected effect and that’s because

unexpected effect and that’s because that’s how brains understand the world

that’s how brains understand the world

that’s how brains understand the world so your what your brains are doing is

so your what your brains are doing is

so your what your brains are doing is they’re looking for these moments of

they’re looking for these moments of

they’re looking for these moments of change and they’re automatically

change and they’re automatically

change and they’re automatically building little stories about how one

building little stories about how one

building little stories about how one change led to the nap that led to the

change led to the nap that led to the

change led to the nap that led to the next so we’ve got our moments of change

next so we’ve got our moments of change

next so we’ve got our moments of change how do we make people care about our

how do we make people care about our

how do we make people care about our moments of change well for the answers

moments of change well for the answers

moments of change well for the answers of that question we have to go back tens

of that question we have to go back tens

of that question we have to go back tens of thousands of years to the IRRI in

of thousands of years to the IRRI in

of thousands of years to the IRRI in which these brains were still doing much

which these brains were still doing much

which these brains were still doing much of their evolution and for the last

of their evolution and for the last

of their evolution and for the last forty of our time on this earth we’ve

forty of our time on this earth we’ve

forty of our time on this earth we’ve not been living in sophisticated towns

not been living in sophisticated towns

not been living in sophisticated towns and cities we’ve been roaming around in

and cities we’ve been roaming around in

and cities we’ve been roaming around in large hunter-gatherer tribes and we

large hunter-gatherer tribes and we

large hunter-gatherer tribes and we still have these tribal brains so life

still have these tribal brains so life

still have these tribal brains so life was very dangerous back then and it was

was very dangerous back then and it was

was very dangerous back then and it was precarious and we all had to work

precarious and we all had to work

precarious and we all had to work together to survive and we all know what

together to survive and we all know what

together to survive and we all know what people are like we’re not so good at

people are like we’re not so good at

people are like we’re not so good at working together a lot of the time so

working together a lot of the time so

working together a lot of the time so how do we manage that how do we police a

how do we manage that how do we police a

how do we manage that how do we police a tribe of people without a police force

tribe of people without a police force

tribe of people without a police force well we do it with gossip we’d swap

well we do it with gossip we’d swap

well we do it with gossip we’d swap stories about people and gossip is

stories about people and gossip is

stories about people and gossip is universal it still is because we still

universal it still is because we still

universal it still is because we still have these struggle brains and it

have these struggle brains and it

have these struggle brains and it contains valuable information and it’s

contains valuable information and it’s

contains valuable information and it’s information that back in the day would

information that back in the day would

information that back in the day would have kept us alive now it’s for this

have kept us alive now it’s for this

have kept us alive now it’s for this reason that many psychologists now argue

reason that many psychologists now argue

reason that many psychologists now argue that the reason we evolved humans

that the reason we evolved humans

that the reason we evolved humans evolved language in the first place is

evolved language in the first place is

evolved language in the first place is to swap gossip and if this is true its

to swap gossip and if this is true its

to swap gossip and if this is true its ramifications for storytellers could

ramifications for storytellers could

ramifications for storytellers could barely be more immense because it means

barely be more immense because it means

barely be more immense because it means that all human storytelling emerges from

that all human storytelling emerges from

that all human storytelling emerges from gossip so how does gossiped work how

gossip so how does gossiped work how

gossip so how does gossiped work how does gossip a police a tribe well how do

does gossip a police a tribe well how do

does gossip a police a tribe well how do you feel when you hear a gossipy story

you feel when you hear a gossipy story

you feel when you hear a gossipy story about someone doing something terrible

about someone doing something terrible

about someone doing something terrible to somebody else

to somebody else

to somebody else will you feel a very specific and

will you feel a very specific and

will you feel a very specific and sometimes dangerous and ancient human

sometimes dangerous and ancient human

sometimes dangerous and ancient human emotion you feel moral outrage

so moral outrage is really interesting

so moral outrage is really interesting cuz Murrow narration motivates us to act

cuz Murrow narration motivates us to act

cuz Murrow narration motivates us to act so when you hear that more that that

so when you hear that more that that

so when you hear that more that that gossipy story you’re motivated to step

gossipy story you’re motivated to step

gossipy story you’re motivated to step in and rescue that vulnerable victim and

in and rescue that vulnerable victim and

in and rescue that vulnerable victim and you’re motivated to kind of want to see

you’re motivated to kind of want to see

you’re motivated to kind of want to see the transgressor you know dealt with in

the transgressor you know dealt with in

the transgressor you know dealt with in some way and in the modern reader who

some way and in the modern reader who

some way and in the modern reader who still has this trouble brain that moral

still has this trouble brain that moral

still has this trouble brain that moral outrage transient translates as a

outrage transient translates as a

outrage transient translates as a motivation to keep turning the page and

motivation to keep turning the page and

motivation to keep turning the page and keep watching the movie because we still

keep watching the movie because we still

keep watching the movie because we still crave primary the experience of seeing

crave primary the experience of seeing

crave primary the experience of seeing that victim rise up and that villain

that victim rise up and that villain

that victim rise up and that villain dealt with but what is it hero and what

dealt with but what is it hero and what

dealt with but what is it hero and what is a villain what are these kind of

is a villain what are these kind of

is a villain what are these kind of nebulous terms would the answer to that

nebulous terms would the answer to that

nebulous terms would the answer to that also lies in these ancient tribes it’s

also lies in these ancient tribes it’s

also lies in these ancient tribes it’s thought that they core kind of quality

thought that they core kind of quality

thought that they core kind of quality that we humans consider as being heroic

that we humans consider as being heroic

that we humans consider as being heroic a morally good is selflessness whilst

a morally good is selflessness whilst

a morally good is selflessness whilst the core quality of what human see is

the core quality of what human see is

the core quality of what human see is morally bad villainous is selfishness

morally bad villainous is selfishness

morally bad villainous is selfishness and that’s why in gossip and in story

and that’s why in gossip and in story

and that’s why in gossip and in story very often you see here as behaving

very often you see here as behaving

very often you see here as behaving selflessly somehow and villains being

selflessly somehow and villains being

selflessly somehow and villains being selfish because stories are kind of

selfish because stories are kind of

selfish because stories are kind of tribal propaganda for us tribal species

tribal propaganda for us tribal species

tribal propaganda for us tribal species what it tells us over and over and over

what it tells us over and over and over

what it tells us over and over and over again is if we want to be safe we need

again is if we want to be safe we need

again is if we want to be safe we need to be selfless see beyond our pressure

to be selfless see beyond our pressure

to be selfless see beyond our pressure cells and into the wider tribe whereas

cells and into the wider tribe whereas

cells and into the wider tribe whereas in a villains people who can’t do that

in a villains people who can’t do that

in a villains people who can’t do that well it’s very dangerous for them so

well it’s very dangerous for them so

well it’s very dangerous for them so moral outrage it’s the ancient lifeblood

moral outrage it’s the ancient lifeblood

moral outrage it’s the ancient lifeblood of humans storytelling selfish and

of humans storytelling selfish and

of humans storytelling selfish and powerful versus selfless and vulnerable

powerful versus selfless and vulnerable

powerful versus selfless and vulnerable is what makes us care and storytellers

is what makes us care and storytellers

is what makes us care and storytellers can trigger these effects in all kinds

can trigger these effects in all kinds

can trigger these effects in all kinds of different ways so it could be very

of different ways so it could be very

of different ways so it could be very subtle and delicate as in a story like

subtle and delicate as in a story like

subtle and delicate as in a story like mrs. Dalloway or in The Grapes of Wrath

mrs. Dalloway or in The Grapes of Wrath

mrs. Dalloway or in The Grapes of Wrath we don’t feel moral outrage about a

we don’t feel moral outrage about a

we don’t feel moral outrage about a human but about the weather it’s the

human but about the weather it’s the

human but about the weather it’s the drought that’s forcing that noble Joad

drought that’s forcing that noble Joad

drought that’s forcing that noble Joad family out onto the road so those are

family out onto the road so those are

family out onto the road so those are the two elements your plastic beginning

the two elements your plastic beginning

the two elements your plastic beginning when something surprising and unfair

when something surprising and unfair

when something surprising and unfair happens to a character we have to know

happens to a character we have to know

happens to a character we have to know what happens next

what happens next

what happens next and this brings me to my next principal

and this brings me to my next principal

and this brings me to my next principal something has to happen next humans

something has to happen next humans

something has to happen next humans aren’t active we have to be the cause of

aren’t active we have to be the cause of

aren’t active we have to be the cause of effects we are a goal-directed species

effects we are a goal-directed species

effects we are a goal-directed species and this is such an important

and this is such an important

and this is such an important it’s called effectiveness motive

it’s called effectiveness motive

it’s called effectiveness motive psychologists call it so important to

psychologists call it so important to

psychologists call it so important to the human-animal the psychologists argue

the human-animal the psychologists argue

the human-animal the psychologists argue the effects is as important for our

the effects is as important for our

the effects is as important for our sense of well-being as is food and water

sense of well-being as is food and water

sense of well-being as is food and water so effective is why solitary confinement

so effective is why solitary confinement

so effective is why solitary confinement is such a terrible punishment for human

is such a terrible punishment for human

is such a terrible punishment for human beings effect sense is why when

beings effect sense is why when

beings effect sense is why when psychologists put people in flotation

psychologists put people in flotation

psychologists put people in flotation tanks and cover their eyes and ears very

tanks and cover their eyes and ears very

tanks and cover their eyes and ears very quickly within seconds usually they’ll

quickly within seconds usually they’ll

quickly within seconds usually they’ll start making these little rippling

start making these little rippling

start making these little rippling motions with their fingers because we

motions with their fingers because we

motions with their fingers because we just have to be the cause of effects and

just have to be the cause of effects and

just have to be the cause of effects and it sounds mad but those little rippling

it sounds mad but those little rippling

it sounds mad but those little rippling motions are ineffably heroic because

motions are ineffably heroic because

motions are ineffably heroic because when change comes when trouble strikes

when change comes when trouble strikes

when change comes when trouble strikes when it feels like all of the world has

when it feels like all of the world has

when it feels like all of the world has turned against us humans act and when we

turned against us humans act and when we

turned against us humans act and when we do the most important thing of all

do the most important thing of all

do the most important thing of all changes the hero herself expands who she

changes the hero herself expands who she

changes the hero herself expands who she is learning and growing and becoming

is learning and growing and becoming

is learning and growing and becoming ever more capable of controlling the

ever more capable of controlling the

ever more capable of controlling the world so there’s another really

world so there’s another really

world so there’s another really important principle God eudaimonic

important principle God eudaimonic

important principle God eudaimonic happiness because this is how we should

happiness because this is how we should

happiness because this is how we should feel so use a monic happiness

feel so use a monic happiness

feel so use a monic happiness psychologists too so the you don’t wanna

psychologists too so the you don’t wanna

psychologists too so the you don’t wanna happiness which is the happiness that we

happiness which is the happiness that we

happiness which is the happiness that we get from pursuing goals that are

get from pursuing goals that are

get from pursuing goals that are meaningful to us but somehow difficult

meaningful to us but somehow difficult

meaningful to us but somehow difficult argue that it’s actually good for our

argue that it’s actually good for our

argue that it’s actually good for our health people hi new demonic happiness

health people hi new demonic happiness

health people hi new demonic happiness have higher levels of antiviral response

have higher levels of antiviral response

have higher levels of antiviral response and lower levels of damaging information

and lower levels of damaging information

and lower levels of damaging information whereas further studies show that people

whereas further studies show that people

whereas further studies show that people who live their lives with a greater

who live their lives with a greater

who live their lives with a greater sense of purpose actually live longer

sense of purpose actually live longer

sense of purpose actually live longer than other people do even when other

than other people do even when other

than other people do even when other factors are controlled for so we’re

factors are controlled for so we’re

factors are controlled for so we’re built for story when we struggle

built for story when we struggle

built for story when we struggle successfully against great odds we

successfully against great odds we

successfully against great odds we thrive ok so then what happens we do we

thrive ok so then what happens we do we

thrive ok so then what happens we do we slap into this story mode you know when

slap into this story mode you know when

slap into this story mode you know when the train’s late yet again we’re going

the train’s late yet again we’re going

the train’s late yet again we’re going to be late for our meeting we you know

to be late for our meeting we you know

to be late for our meeting we you know we slap into it you know how am I gonna

we slap into it you know how am I gonna

we slap into it you know how am I gonna get there what am I going to do how am I

get there what am I going to do how am I

get there what am I going to do how am I going to battle the great the the

going to battle the great the the

going to battle the great the the obstacles that the great greedy powerful

obstacles that the great greedy powerful

obstacles that the great greedy powerful train company is thrust in my path

train company is thrust in my path

train company is thrust in my path standing on that windy platform coffee

standing on that windy platform coffee

standing on that windy platform coffee in hand we become David fighting Goliath

in hand we become David fighting Goliath

in hand we become David fighting Goliath Luke Skywalker fighting the evil empire

Luke Skywalker fighting the evil empire

Luke Skywalker fighting the evil empire the Joad family

seeing the obstacles of the road it’s

seeing the obstacles of the road it’s because the human brain is a hero maker

because the human brain is a hero maker

because the human brain is a hero maker it uses an armory of tricks and biases

it uses an armory of tricks and biases

it uses an armory of tricks and biases to make us feel like we’re heroes it

to make us feel like we’re heroes it

to make us feel like we’re heroes it makes us feel that we’re better looking

makes us feel that we’re better looking

makes us feel that we’re better looking than we are be more morally worthy than

than we are be more morally worthy than

than we are be more morally worthy than we are we’re smarter than we are and it

we are we’re smarter than we are and it

we are we’re smarter than we are and it defines the world into a simplistic

defines the world into a simplistic

defines the world into a simplistic narrative of goodies and baddies all

narrative of goodies and baddies all

narrative of goodies and baddies all right so then what happens what’s the

right so then what happens what’s the

right so then what happens what’s the end of a story the classic end of a

end of a story the classic end of a

end of a story the classic end of a story well what does a brain ultimately

story well what does a brain ultimately

story well what does a brain ultimately want or what the brain wants is the

want or what the brain wants is the

want or what the brain wants is the answer to a simple question how do I

answer to a simple question how do I

answer to a simple question how do I control the world when unexpected change

control the world when unexpected change

control the world when unexpected change happens when chaos strikes what do I

happens when chaos strikes what do I

happens when chaos strikes what do I have to do and who do I have to be in

have to do and who do I have to be in

have to do and who do I have to be in order to control it

order to control it

order to control it well the perfect archetypal ending we

well the perfect archetypal ending we

well the perfect archetypal ending we find our answer after a plot filled with

find our answer after a plot filled with

find our answer after a plot filled with escalating dramatic unexpected change

escalating dramatic unexpected change

escalating dramatic unexpected change for one amazing moment our hero has

for one amazing moment our hero has

for one amazing moment our hero has complete control they have control over

complete control they have control over

complete control they have control over their inner world over who they are and

their inner world over who they are and

their inner world over who they are and over the external world – so when Luke

over the external world – so when Luke

over the external world – so when Luke Skywalker finally finds it within him to

Skywalker finally finds it within him to

Skywalker finally finds it within him to destroy that Death Star for one amazing

destroy that Death Star for one amazing

destroy that Death Star for one amazing moment he has become God he has control

moment he has become God he has control

moment he has become God he has control over everything and that is ultimately

over everything and that is ultimately

over everything and that is ultimately what all storytelling is about as the

what all storytelling is about as the

what all storytelling is about as the famous psychologist Roy Baumeister says

famous psychologist Roy Baumeister says

famous psychologist Roy Baumeister says life is changed that yearns for

life is changed that yearns for

life is changed that yearns for stability changes a fact of life but

stability changes a fact of life but

stability changes a fact of life but it’s terrifying story is a form of play

it’s terrifying story is a form of play

it’s terrifying story is a form of play that teaches us how to manage it to

that teaches us how to manage it to

that teaches us how to manage it to control the world it’s a roller coaster

control the world it’s a roller coaster

control the world it’s a roller coaster but not one built from nuts bolts and

but not one built from nuts bolts and

but not one built from nuts bolts and steel rails but from love hope dream you

steel rails but from love hope dream you

steel rails but from love hope dream you fear unexpected change and moral outrage

fear unexpected change and moral outrage

fear unexpected change and moral outrage and what else is there because we all

and what else is there because we all

and what else is there because we all know how this story really ends you’re

know how this story really ends you’re

know how this story really ends you’re going to die and so is everyone you know

going to die and so is everyone you know

going to die and so is everyone you know and then there’s going to be heat death

and then there’s going to be heat death

and then there’s going to be heat death all the change in the universe will

all the change in the universe will

all the change in the universe will cease and there will be nothing left of

cease and there will be nothing left of

cease and there will be nothing left of anything but infinite dead freezing void

anything but infinite dead freezing void

anything but infinite dead freezing void so in the face of that awful truth the

so in the face of that awful truth the

so in the face of that awful truth the only thing we have to keep us going are

only thing we have to keep us going are

only thing we have to keep us going are our amazing thrilling roller coasters

our amazing thrilling roller coasters

our amazing thrilling roller coasters thank you very much

thank you very much

thank you very much you

”

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