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The curious tale of the 1930’s e-Reader | Eric White | TEDxWhitehall


today I’m here to introduce you to one

today I’m here to introduce you to one of the most important media figures of

of the most important media figures of

of the most important media figures of the 20th century that you’ve never heard

the 20th century that you’ve never heard

the 20th century that you’ve never heard of his name is Bob Brown and his CV puts

of his name is Bob Brown and his CV puts

of his name is Bob Brown and his CV puts most people’s in this room with all due

most people’s in this room with all due

most people’s in this room with all due respect to shame he was at various

respect to shame he was at various

respect to shame he was at various points in his career a best-selling pulp

points in his career a best-selling pulp

points in his career a best-selling pulp fiction and film writer an inventor an

fiction and film writer an inventor an

fiction and film writer an inventor an editor he was a stockbroker he was the

editor he was a stockbroker he was the

editor he was a stockbroker he was the owner operator of a South American

owner operator of a South American

owner operator of a South American publishing Empire he was a political

publishing Empire he was a political

publishing Empire he was a political radical and an exile he was also an

radical and an exile he was also an

radical and an exile he was also an educator but in my field English

educator but in my field English

educator but in my field English literary studies he’s best known as the

literary studies he’s best known as the

literary studies he’s best known as the avant-garde poet of the Lost Generation

avant-garde poet of the Lost Generation

avant-garde poet of the Lost Generation American exile who were working in

American exile who were working in

American exile who were working in various parts of France in the 20s and

various parts of France in the 20s and

various parts of France in the 20s and 30s to affect a revolution of the word

30s to affect a revolution of the word

30s to affect a revolution of the word I’m not going to talk to you about Bob

I’m not going to talk to you about Bob

I’m not going to talk to you about Bob Brown’s whole life today rather I’m

Brown’s whole life today rather I’m

Brown’s whole life today rather I’m going to focus on the invention that

going to focus on the invention that

going to focus on the invention that dominated it Bob Browns reading machine

dominated it Bob Browns reading machine

dominated it Bob Browns reading machine so Brown believed that if you

so Brown believed that if you

so Brown believed that if you revolutionized the act of reading that

revolutionized the act of reading that

revolutionized the act of reading that you could affect a revolution of the

you could affect a revolution of the

you could affect a revolution of the word which would be inkless Lee achieved

word which would be inkless Lee achieved

word which would be inkless Lee achieved so Brown was profoundly frustrated that

so Brown was profoundly frustrated that

so Brown was profoundly frustrated that whereas in cinema the talkies had been

whereas in cinema the talkies had been

whereas in cinema the talkies had been introduced in 1928 and that completely

introduced in 1928 and that completely

introduced in 1928 and that completely transformed the way that people

transformed the way that people

transformed the way that people interacted with moving images but in the

interacted with moving images but in the

interacted with moving images but in the field of print production in the field

field of print production in the field

field of print production in the field of writing and literature technology was

of writing and literature technology was

of writing and literature technology was at a standstill and for Brown this was

at a standstill and for Brown this was

at a standstill and for Brown this was completely unsatisfactory film had given

completely unsatisfactory film had given

completely unsatisfactory film had given us the talkies he was going to give us

us the talkies he was going to give us

us the talkies he was going to give us the Reedy’s and this was a modern moving

the Reedy’s and this was a modern moving

the Reedy’s and this was a modern moving word spectacle in time with our day so

word spectacle in time with our day so

word spectacle in time with our day so his big idea really was that there was a

his big idea really was that there was a

his big idea really was that there was a convergence happening between literary

convergence happening between literary

convergence happening between literary experiment and technological experiment

experiment and technological experiment

experiment and technological experiment a machine could unite these two moments

a machine could unite these two moments

a machine could unite these two moments of culture and produce a complete

of culture and produce a complete

of culture and produce a complete transformation in our media landscape

transformation in our media landscape

transformation in our media landscape people could carry entire libraries of

people could carry entire libraries of

people could carry entire libraries of information around with them and use

information around with them and use

information around with them and use that knowledge to affect social change

that knowledge to affect social change

that knowledge to affect social change so what was the magic device that was

so what was the magic device that was

so what was the magic device that was gonna do all this well that was the

gonna do all this well that was the

gonna do all this well that was the reading machine that’s this slightly

reading machine that’s this slightly

reading machine that’s this slightly ramshackle contraption you can see up

ramshackle contraption you can see up

ramshackle contraption you can see up here this is a prototype that he built

here this is a prototype that he built

here this is a prototype that he built with the American expatriate artist Ross

with the American expatriate artist Ross

with the American expatriate artist Ross Saunders in 1930 to 1931 and the machine

Saunders in 1930 to 1931 and the machine

Saunders in 1930 to 1931 and the machine itself was a fairly simple idea it’s a

itself was a fairly simple idea it’s a

itself was a fairly simple idea it’s a form of machine assisted speed reading

form of machine assisted speed reading

form of machine assisted speed reading that would allow you to devour in an

that would allow you to devour in an

that would allow you to devour in an entire hundred thousand word novel in a

entire hundred thousand word novel in a

entire hundred thousand word novel in a single sitting that might have been a

single sitting that might have been a

single sitting that might have been a bit ambitious what this machine did

bit ambitious what this machine did

bit ambitious what this machine did though was very basically that it had a

though was very basically that it had a

though was very basically that it had a top here a little enclosure where a

top here a little enclosure where a

top here a little enclosure where a gramophone motor was stored it drove two

gramophone motor was stored it drove two

gramophone motor was stored it drove two reels here which he pilfered from some

reels here which he pilfered from some

reels here which he pilfered from some stock market tickers on those reels was

stock market tickers on those reels was

stock market tickers on those reels was a medium in this case probably paper but

a medium in this case probably paper but

a medium in this case probably paper but he imagined something akin to microfilm

he imagined something akin to microfilm

he imagined something akin to microfilm where you had Micro graphically printed

where you had Micro graphically printed

where you had Micro graphically printed text that would stream up through an

text that would stream up through an

text that would stream up through an aperture here across a reading scream

aperture here across a reading scream

aperture here across a reading scream that would magnify that miniature text

that would magnify that miniature text

that would magnify that miniature text and bring it up to a comfortable reading

and bring it up to a comfortable reading

and bring it up to a comfortable reading size the take-up reel would return the

size the take-up reel would return the

size the take-up reel would return the Reedy to its pill-box like container you

Reedy to its pill-box like container you

Reedy to its pill-box like container you pop it in the enclosure here and off you

pop it in the enclosure here and off you

pop it in the enclosure here and off you go

go

go you’ve revolutionized the word so

you’ve revolutionized the word so

you’ve revolutionized the word so because of Browns association with the

because of Browns association with the

because of Browns association with the Dada movement a lot of scholars think

Dada movement a lot of scholars think

Dada movement a lot of scholars think that this machine probably never really

that this machine probably never really

that this machine probably never really worked and what’s more it was never

worked and what’s more it was never

worked and what’s more it was never really intended to work it was a

really intended to work it was a

really intended to work it was a conceptual piece designed to challenge

conceptual piece designed to challenge

conceptual piece designed to challenge our ideas about what reading was and

our ideas about what reading was and

our ideas about what reading was and what it could do and I happen to agree

what it could do and I happen to agree

what it could do and I happen to agree with that to a point however I think

with that to a point however I think

with that to a point however I think that functionality was really important

that functionality was really important

that functionality was really important to Bob Browns aesthetic I also think

to Bob Browns aesthetic I also think

to Bob Browns aesthetic I also think that the reading machine even this

that the reading machine even this

that the reading machine even this prototype here fits just as neatly into

prototype here fits just as neatly into

prototype here fits just as neatly into the tradition of patent models as it

the tradition of patent models as it

the tradition of patent models as it does into the tradition of avant-garde

does into the tradition of avant-garde

does into the tradition of avant-garde Dada ready-mades

Dada ready-mades

Dada ready-mades so a side-by-side comparison with a

so a side-by-side comparison with a

so a side-by-side comparison with a Royal portable typewriter state of the

Royal portable typewriter state of the

Royal portable typewriter state of the art in 1930 gives you a real sense of

art in 1930 gives you a real sense of

art in 1930 gives you a real sense of the design aesthetic that they were

the design aesthetic that they were

the design aesthetic that they were chasing the reels here closely

chasing the reels here closely

chasing the reels here closely correspond to the typewriter ribbons

correspond to the typewriter ribbons

correspond to the typewriter ribbons sort of dramatically showcased at the

sort of dramatically showcased at the

sort of dramatically showcased at the top of the

top of the

top of the unit here and I believe that’s entirely

unit here and I believe that’s entirely

unit here and I believe that’s entirely deliberate Ross Saunders was not just an

deliberate Ross Saunders was not just an

deliberate Ross Saunders was not just an artist he was a fully qualified engineer

artist he was a fully qualified engineer

artist he was a fully qualified engineer he had the parts he had the chops to

he had the parts he had the chops to

he had the parts he had the chops to build this thing and to make it work so

build this thing and to make it work so

build this thing and to make it work so my sense of this device was that yes it

my sense of this device was that yes it

my sense of this device was that yes it did work it was part of a revolution in

did work it was part of a revolution in

did work it was part of a revolution in consumer information technology that was

consumer information technology that was

consumer information technology that was sweeping the marketplace around this

sweeping the marketplace around this

sweeping the marketplace around this time but that is only scratching the

time but that is only scratching the

time but that is only scratching the surface of what they thought this

surface of what they thought this

surface of what they thought this machine could do here Saunders sketched

machine could do here Saunders sketched

machine could do here Saunders sketched out a prototype that looks eerily like a

out a prototype that looks eerily like a

out a prototype that looks eerily like a laptop computer and it’s no coincidence

laptop computer and it’s no coincidence

laptop computer and it’s no coincidence that Braun is today known as the

that Braun is today known as the

that Braun is today known as the godfather of the e-reader the mechanism

godfather of the e-reader the mechanism

godfather of the e-reader the mechanism is again very similar you got your Reedy

is again very similar you got your Reedy

is again very similar you got your Reedy reels here you’ve got your reading

reels here you’ve got your reading

reels here you’ve got your reading screen up here and you pop open the lid

screen up here and you pop open the lid

screen up here and you pop open the lid to load in the Reedy’s medium and boom

to load in the Reedy’s medium and boom

to load in the Reedy’s medium and boom off you go you’ve got a laptop microfilm

off you go you’ve got a laptop microfilm

off you go you’ve got a laptop microfilm reader in 1930 but again this is a very

reader in 1930 but again this is a very

reader in 1930 but again this is a very simple machine assisted speed reading

simple machine assisted speed reading

simple machine assisted speed reading design brown’s ambition for this vastly

design brown’s ambition for this vastly

design brown’s ambition for this vastly exceeded it he imagined a media ecology

exceeded it he imagined a media ecology

exceeded it he imagined a media ecology that would allow you to completely

that would allow you to completely

that would allow you to completely revolutionize what you could do with

revolutionize what you could do with

revolutionize what you could do with language as well as make it more

language as well as make it more

language as well as make it more efficient but how is he going to achieve

efficient but how is he going to achieve

efficient but how is he going to achieve this who is he going to get to help

this who is he going to get to help

this who is he going to get to help showcase this new language well as it

showcase this new language well as it

showcase this new language well as it turns out he knew a few famous

turns out he knew a few famous

turns out he knew a few famous modernists including Gertrude Stein Ezra

modernists including Gertrude Stein Ezra

modernists including Gertrude Stein Ezra Pound the founder of the Italian

Pound the founder of the Italian

Pound the founder of the Italian futurist movement Ft Marinette II as

futurist movement Ft Marinette II as

futurist movement Ft Marinette II as well as the American dr. poet William

well as the American dr. poet William

well as the American dr. poet William Carlos Williams and together they helped

Carlos Williams and together they helped

Carlos Williams and together they helped Brown imagine what this new reading

Brown imagine what this new reading

Brown imagine what this new reading medium could do and what it would look

medium could do and what it would look

medium could do and what it would look like the book was called Reedy’s for Bob

like the book was called Reedy’s for Bob

like the book was called Reedy’s for Bob Browns machine was an anthology that

Browns machine was an anthology that

Browns machine was an anthology that looked like just about any other book

looked like just about any other book

looked like just about any other book printed with standard printing equipment

printed with standard printing equipment

printed with standard printing equipment but the results were nothing like a

but the results were nothing like a

but the results were nothing like a standard text and this is what they

standard text and this is what they

standard text and this is what they looked like

looked like

looked like here Browns writing about another poet

here Browns writing about another poet

here Browns writing about another poet who engaged with printing technology

who engaged with printing technology

who engaged with printing technology Stephen Crane whose typewritten black

Stephen Crane whose typewritten black

Stephen Crane whose typewritten black riders galloped across blank pages

riders galloped across blank pages

riders galloped across blank pages and he writes here Stephen cranes black

and he writes here Stephen cranes black

and he writes here Stephen cranes black riders crashed by hell-bent for leather

riders crashed by hell-bent for leather

riders crashed by hell-bent for leather upper case lower case both together

upper case lower case both together

upper case lower case both together chanting valorously print in action at

chanting valorously print in action at

chanting valorously print in action at long last movable type at breakneck

long last movable type at breakneck

long last movable type at breakneck gallop so the pace of the read ease

gallop so the pace of the read ease

gallop so the pace of the read ease immediately brings to mind the speed

immediately brings to mind the speed

immediately brings to mind the speed reading effect which Brown achieves by

reading effect which Brown achieves by

reading effect which Brown achieves by removing many direct articles

removing many direct articles

removing many direct articles conjunctions other elements of language

conjunctions other elements of language

conjunctions other elements of language that he thought were superfluous except

that he thought were superfluous except

that he thought were superfluous except he doesn’t entirely do away with them

he doesn’t entirely do away with them

he doesn’t entirely do away with them using his weapon of choice the – he

using his weapon of choice the – he

using his weapon of choice the – he suggests their presence while also

suggests their presence while also

suggests their presence while also creating an illusion of forward motion

creating an illusion of forward motion

creating an illusion of forward motion again this is only a prototype he

again this is only a prototype he

again this is only a prototype he imagines that the Reedy’s could do a lot

imagines that the Reedy’s could do a lot

imagines that the Reedy’s could do a lot more than that for example he imagined

more than that for example he imagined

more than that for example he imagined that the reading medium could become a

that the reading medium could become a

that the reading medium could become a three-dimensional process that you could

three-dimensional process that you could

three-dimensional process that you could interact with birds of words would

interact with birds of words would

interact with birds of words would alight chirping on his hands in a kind

alight chirping on his hands in a kind

alight chirping on his hands in a kind of vision of early augmented reality

of vision of early augmented reality

of vision of early augmented reality where he could manipulate electronic

where he could manipulate electronic

where he could manipulate electronic text with your bare hands again the

text with your bare hands again the

text with your bare hands again the modernist right-hand writer’s helped him

modernist right-hand writer’s helped him

modernist right-hand writer’s helped him create this invention and he imagined

create this invention and he imagined

create this invention and he imagined also that using emoticons or early

also that using emoticons or early

also that using emoticons or early versions of emoticons could help expand

versions of emoticons could help expand

versions of emoticons could help expand the vocabulary of the written word as

the vocabulary of the written word as

the vocabulary of the written word as well as compress it and he was right

well as compress it and he was right

well as compress it and he was right this is exactly the direction that many

this is exactly the direction that many

this is exactly the direction that many forms of electronic communication took

forms of electronic communication took

forms of electronic communication took today including text messaging and the

today including text messaging and the

today including text messaging and the Twittersphere and he was so right so

Twittersphere and he was so right so

Twittersphere and he was so right so often because he associated with a lot

often because he associated with a lot

often because he associated with a lot of leading innovations in the day

of leading innovations in the day

of leading innovations in the day including hands-free interfaces the

including hands-free interfaces the

including hands-free interfaces the theremin had just been invented in 1928

theremin had just been invented in 1928

theremin had just been invented in 1928 so why not instead of waving your hands

so why not instead of waving your hands

so why not instead of waving your hands in front of antenna to produce spooky

in front of antenna to produce spooky

in front of antenna to produce spooky sci-fi music why not instead control

sci-fi music why not instead control

sci-fi music why not instead control your reading machine with that in an

your reading machine with that in an

your reading machine with that in an early form of gesture control interface

early form of gesture control interface

early form of gesture control interface and what if you want to read at night

and what if you want to read at night

and what if you want to read at night well newly available radioactivity

well newly available radioactivity

well newly available radioactivity active materials could allow printing in

active materials could allow printing in

active materials could allow printing in radium ink I cannot see a downside there

radium ink I cannot see a downside there

radium ink I cannot see a downside there one of the most important innovations

one of the most important innovations

one of the most important innovations that Brown had however was the

that Brown had however was the

that Brown had however was the engagement with the television he

engagement with the television he

engagement with the television he Televisa creedy’s reading matter he

Televisa creedy’s reading matter he

Televisa creedy’s reading matter he predicted will be radioed and words

predicted will be radioed and words

predicted will be radioed and words eventually will be recorded directly

eventually will be recorded directly

eventually will be recorded directly onto the palpitating ether so he’s

onto the palpitating ether so he’s

onto the palpitating ether so he’s imagining a wireless network a hyperlink

imagining a wireless network a hyperlink

imagining a wireless network a hyperlink database that users could stream

database that users could stream

database that users could stream directly to their portable device an

directly to their portable device an

directly to their portable device an extraordinary prediction of exactly the

extraordinary prediction of exactly the

extraordinary prediction of exactly the future direction that this technology

future direction that this technology

future direction that this technology would take he also conflated a

would take he also conflated a

would take he also conflated a technological device with a publishing

technological device with a publishing

technological device with a publishing platform bypassing the sensor in the

platform bypassing the sensor in the

platform bypassing the sensor in the process now this produced some

process now this produced some

process now this produced some extraordinary avant-garde writing the

extraordinary avant-garde writing the

extraordinary avant-garde writing the likes of which would not be seen until

likes of which would not be seen until

likes of which would not be seen until the 1960s and 70s but it also produced

the 1960s and 70s but it also produced

the 1960s and 70s but it also produced the 1930s equivalent of trolling were

the 1930s equivalent of trolling were

the 1930s equivalent of trolling were extraordinary ramps using shocking

extraordinary ramps using shocking

extraordinary ramps using shocking language even for the day were produced

language even for the day were produced

language even for the day were produced alongside these modernist masterpieces

alongside these modernist masterpieces

alongside these modernist masterpieces Brown’s media environment facilitated

Brown’s media environment facilitated

Brown’s media environment facilitated both approaches unfortunately the

both approaches unfortunately the

both approaches unfortunately the reading machine was a little too far

reading machine was a little too far

reading machine was a little too far ahead of its time some of the parts just

ahead of its time some of the parts just

ahead of its time some of the parts just wouldn’t work including the translucent

wouldn’t work including the translucent

wouldn’t work including the translucent medium also the stock market crash the

medium also the stock market crash the

medium also the stock market crash the final one of 1932 really did depress the

final one of 1932 really did depress the

final one of 1932 really did depress the financial prospects for building a new

financial prospects for building a new

financial prospects for building a new high risk piece of technology like this

high risk piece of technology like this

high risk piece of technology like this so the story goes that the revolution of

so the story goes that the revolution of

so the story goes that the revolution of the word ended here all the expatriates

the word ended here all the expatriates

the word ended here all the expatriates went back home to America the tails

went back home to America the tails

went back home to America the tails between their legs and the revolution of

between their legs and the revolution of

between their legs and the revolution of the word slowly died and along with it

the word slowly died and along with it

the word slowly died and along with it the reading machine which after a

the reading machine which after a

the reading machine which after a last-ditch attempt to sell it to the

last-ditch attempt to sell it to the

last-ditch attempt to sell it to the Russians Bob Brown and his wife Rose

Russians Bob Brown and his wife Rose

Russians Bob Brown and his wife Rose eventually abandoned except that that’s

eventually abandoned except that that’s

eventually abandoned except that that’s not completely true what actually

not completely true what actually

not completely true what actually happened was that they returned to New

happened was that they returned to New

happened was that they returned to New York and reevaluated their entire

York and reevaluated their entire

York and reevaluated their entire careers they decided that instead of

careers they decided that instead of

careers they decided that instead of using the reading machine as a kind of

using the reading machine as a kind of

using the reading machine as a kind of avant-garde experiment or even a

avant-garde experiment or even a

avant-garde experiment or even a get-rich-quick scheme they decided to

get-rich-quick scheme they decided to

get-rich-quick scheme they decided to transform it into an instrument for

transform it into an instrument for

transform it into an instrument for social change because they had become

social change because they had become

social change because they had become committed socialist activists who like

committed socialist activists who like

committed socialist activists who like many writers of the day eventually

many writers of the day eventually

many writers of the day eventually joined the Communist Party and they

joined the Communist Party and they

joined the Communist Party and they reimagined the reading machine as his

reimagined the reading machine as his

reimagined the reading machine as his device that would provide libraries of

device that would provide libraries of

device that would provide libraries of information for workers in order to help

information for workers in order to help

information for workers in order to help ferment the kind

ferment the kind

ferment the kind social change that they felt

social change that they felt

social change that they felt depression-era America desperately

depression-era America desperately

depression-era America desperately needed they also worked with some of the

needed they also worked with some of the

needed they also worked with some of the leading information

leading information

leading information leading designers of the new microfilm

leading designers of the new microfilm

leading designers of the new microfilm technology that was coming onto the

technology that was coming onto the

technology that was coming onto the market in the mid 30s however their

market in the mid 30s however their

market in the mid 30s however their politics put them completely at odds

politics put them completely at odds

politics put them completely at odds with the direction the field was going

with the direction the field was going

with the direction the field was going where the industry was producing

where the industry was producing

where the industry was producing gigantic machines that cost a fortune

gigantic machines that cost a fortune

gigantic machines that cost a fortune and only major corporations and

and only major corporations and

and only major corporations and libraries could afford the Browns

libraries could afford the Browns

libraries could afford the Browns insisted on keeping the information

insisted on keeping the information

insisted on keeping the information cheap accessible and portable mobile so

cheap accessible and portable mobile so

cheap accessible and portable mobile so it might be now that the Browns time has

it might be now that the Browns time has

it might be now that the Browns time has finally come

finally come

finally come his biographer Craig saber has produced

his biographer Craig saber has produced

his biographer Craig saber has produced an online version of the Reedy’s which

an online version of the Reedy’s which

an online version of the Reedy’s which allows you to view the original Reedy’s

allows you to view the original Reedy’s

allows you to view the original Reedy’s anthology at Reedy’s org as Brown

anthology at Reedy’s org as Brown

anthology at Reedy’s org as Brown originally imagined it at Oxford Brookes

originally imagined it at Oxford Brookes

originally imagined it at Oxford Brookes University the Avant Garde’s and

University the Avant Garde’s and

University the Avant Garde’s and speculative technology project which

speculative technology project which

speculative technology project which includes myself my colleagues Friedel

includes myself my colleagues Friedel

includes myself my colleagues Friedel and wild and John twycross have really

and wild and John twycross have really

and wild and John twycross have really taken up Bob Browns speculative

taken up Bob Browns speculative

taken up Bob Browns speculative technology ideas and created an

technology ideas and created an

technology ideas and created an augmented reality reading machine where

augmented reality reading machine where

augmented reality reading machine where texts erupt from landscapes in

texts erupt from landscapes in

texts erupt from landscapes in Oxfordshire and working with the

Oxfordshire and working with the

Oxfordshire and working with the experiment experimental writer Ian

experiment experimental writer Ian

experiment experimental writer Ian Sinclair we’ve attempted to hack the

Sinclair we’ve attempted to hack the

Sinclair we’ve attempted to hack the language that various organizations use

language that various organizations use

language that various organizations use in the city to dominate it and to divide

in the city to dominate it and to divide

in the city to dominate it and to divide it so by playfully but seriously

it so by playfully but seriously

it so by playfully but seriously subverting that language were attempting

subverting that language were attempting

subverting that language were attempting to challenge those kind of discourses

to challenge those kind of discourses

to challenge those kind of discourses and following Bob Brown’s trajectory

and following Bob Brown’s trajectory

and following Bob Brown’s trajectory we’re now transforming that avant-garde

we’re now transforming that avant-garde

we’re now transforming that avant-garde experiment into a potential tool for

experiment into a potential tool for

experiment into a potential tool for Sofia social change so we’ve reached out

Sofia social change so we’ve reached out

Sofia social change so we’ve reached out to a number of youth groups in Oxford

to a number of youth groups in Oxford

to a number of youth groups in Oxford who represent marginalized communities

who represent marginalized communities

who represent marginalized communities and together with maker groups based at

and together with maker groups based at

and together with maker groups based at Oxford County Libraries we’re building

Oxford County Libraries we’re building

Oxford County Libraries we’re building augmented reality reading machines

augmented reality reading machines

augmented reality reading machines together so our attempt here is to write

together so our attempt here is to write

together so our attempt here is to write our community into these narratives to

our community into these narratives to

our community into these narratives to write through and around them using

write through and around them using

write through and around them using technology that these groups are in

technology that these groups are in

technology that these groups are in control of and so we

control of and so we

control of and so we this is the kind of project that brown

this is the kind of project that brown

this is the kind of project that brown might have envisaged when he originally

might have envisaged when he originally

might have envisaged when he originally designed the Reedy’s we hope that we are

designed the Reedy’s we hope that we are

designed the Reedy’s we hope that we are together with our community challenging

together with our community challenging

together with our community challenging the impulse to sleepwalk into a new

the impulse to sleepwalk into a new

the impulse to sleepwalk into a new media ecology that’s just around the

media ecology that’s just around the

media ecology that’s just around the corner and one of the lessons we’ve all

corner and one of the lessons we’ve all

corner and one of the lessons we’ve all learned from building these new

learned from building these new

learned from building these new augmented reality reading machines is

augmented reality reading machines is

augmented reality reading machines is that the futures future is sometimes in

that the futures future is sometimes in

that the futures future is sometimes in the past thanks very much

the past thanks very much

the past thanks very much [Applause]

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