good afternoon everyone thanks for this
opportunities you give me by looking for you
listen to talk about something that that
I have been following for many years and that follows everyone
you are a simple chemical molecule that
an American slogan defines and life and
everything else counts for nothing
the point is if this is true and up to
when it’s true but what’s this
molecule that provides instructions to
all our cells work out of
make organs to make apparatus
to make individuals of all
living species we know are
based on information and this
molecule provides to build the
proteins and everything else with which we
let’s do one every day
function something but it’s something
really a colleague of mine
craig venter has become famous
recently because someone goes
called the man who wants to simulate god
in some ways because the
first artificial bacterium not disassembling
and reassembling pieces of DNA
within a system you have
conceived he defined DNA as
see there something that provides the
music and all the rest and the orchestra
all the rest I mean the environment
what we do what we do
we eat what we say so
every day we realize and this
orchestra along with the music follows us
from the moment of conception
so from the moment when nobody one of
we and could be at the beginning a
gamete a spermatozoon an egg that you
merge to make the first 1 zygote cell
well that moment today is already
analisable for us and you see it there
on your right, that is, the DNA
analysable the man of whom not yet
we are nothing we are something that will become
then he follows us
something that happens during the
pregnancy and gives us information of a
be that it is developing if it will be
healthy if he will be ill if he has any
features different from another today
we can know this up
when one is born then at birth he gives us
important information of a child
that is about to develop to become one
little adult and today we use it
this molecule to know if it is
carrier or less of some pathologies yes
develop or not a pathology and yes
they can do extraordinary interventions
even at that level or start to
grow this person
around the first second decade of
life gives us information about those
that is his way of becoming
someone something to study about
behave if he goes to get sick
because I meet a parasite a
bacterium a virus
this is also written in the DNA or if it goes
later even up to an age
more advanced when it will begin to
increase our risk of
to develop a tumor a tumor that one
terrible disease a person on
four gets cancer from all over the world
well, the tumor is an anomaly of the DNA
there is no doubt about this
in every tumor there is an alteration of the
of this DNA molecule
today we can read what
it’s in the tumor and even on the base
of this reading find the drug
just to get rid of that tumor and
to heal that person we do not do it
for all cancers but for a large part
today we begin to understand something in
more
then of course it can happen that one
person gets sick I go to the hospital and
often you know how we used to say when
he talked about chemotherapy
you think chemotherapy is one
chemical medicine that doctors
administer to heal a disease
of which they do not know what it is to one
person who do not know this is
what I call the paradigm of
molière finished exhausted because today
we finally know
and we begin to develop the drug
right for that person for that guy
of cancer and this we owe thanks to the
DNA even up to old age
bigger when one says but gets sick
of alzheimer or something else it is
It is possible today to know if there is this
risk and as you see even today
there are those who use DNA to do
molecular autopsy, that is, to know about
what that person died too
after decades after thirty years after a thousand
we have information on the DNA of the years
mummies today to know what they are
so some big dead say so
we could say king or princes
something else
today we do it by looking at electing the
DNA but DNA also tells us
something else because some peoples are
happier than others on the contrary or if
you want in spite of the problems
cheap there are variations
genetics within some people
therefore of some groups that allow
today to say with a little variation
and the people who have this variation
they face with greater security i
life problems are less anxious and
they live better and this we can today
know
imagine a future when it’s possible
maybe increase this variation either
change it to read it as much as in problems
of anxiety we could resolve anxiety
which become pathological of course one
my colleague Richard Dawkins wrote
once in his beautiful book if
we could read the DNA of a tuna or
of a starfish we will find written
in this wonderful sea
phrase because obviously inside
there is this DNA of each of us
information that comes from far away
billions of years of this molecule is
on earth since it’s on earth yes
has evolved has changed has arrived
to us taking pieces from various others
species from plants from bacteria from
mushrooms
from insects to neanderthals
we have 23 percent of our DNA
who still goes back to men
neanderthal men and do some
difference
this is very, very important
because we have to read it and know it to
first laschi said well maybe
knowing it to save our life is
true this or not true
I’ll do it with three questions to be today
we can finally answer all of it
modern medicine but also the ancient one
it is based on these three questions because
some individuals get sick more than
others because in some a treatment
therapeutic works and on others no
because in some where it works instead
to do good hurts
here are these three questions you think there is
all the medicine that each of us takes
he asks when they learn from anyone
pill because it does not know what it can
happen or at least did not know it until
to date this has also been answered by the
dna
today we begin to understand that everyone
we are different
and this variability and extraordinary
and amazing it’s huge then you think that
between the in my DNA and one of you two here
inside there are at least 45 million
differences in terms of letters from
genetic code and this is also there
allowed to say why they do not exist
plus the races at least from the point of view
biological then unfortunately there is someone
that puts them for other purposes
but from our point of view there is so much
variability between us two of us here
inside and tram and an Ethiopian for example
why great this variability e
based on this variability us
today we can supply and supply to
example the right drug for the right one
person at the right time and in the
right dosage
this is called precision medicine
or personalized medicine and it is not the
future is today and this we will stop with
this system to do damage with some
drugs
we will send various misconcepters home
various characters that turn that
provide therapeutic information
like goat dung, something else
because they are based on nothingness they are not
scientifically based, unfortunately
we know how this country of this
there is need for as well as others
countries
someone says if they diagnose you today
a cancer
the first thing to do is read the DNA of
that tumor
this is an editorial appeared on one
of the biggest magazines in the world in
2014 and seem something complicated
but because today we know that reading and
look into the DNA of cancer
we can find the right formula
to heal that cancer and cancer
fortunately, the drugs that today
we go or are going into this
direction
this gentleman who you see here a bit
aged and jim watson one of the two
discoverers of DNA in 1953 in one
great conference in san diego po of
long ago he and other people are
I did read all the DNA myself as well
I’m reading all my DNA but not there
I say what is written
the interesting thing is that he is
been asked
but she sleeps at night now that she is
made to read his DNA
he said I assure you I have not lost one
minute of sleep or rather I will tell you more
first he took a drug for
hypertension at 93 and took it
a certain dose to make 10 15 milligrams
a day something like that and me
he created severe dizziness headaches
dizziness
now I understand why because in mine
DNA is written that of that dosage is
wrong and I have to take a lot of
less
in fact I changed the dose and I’m
very well
there is another information I have
found in my DNA says jim watson
and the fact that they found me I have one
gene of predisposition to the tumor of the
breast but this 93 years is male
it may not be useful but be careful
it is very important not for me but for i
my children to whom I have provided this
information and they will do the test and to them
that serve test will serve a lot
a DNA test today must be done
accurately accurate in place
right at the right time with
the right information can not be done
via internet you can not send a
saliva sample and then maybe it comes
analyzed in wisconsin and you do not know
what’s the end of that DNA because it has
also called DNA is a molecule
extraordinary because it transmits
instructions for building beings
human and this is a beautiful sentence
you think about it
look at it through DNA
identify people you discover the
assassins do everything today there is not
day when we say from all points
view of media reports not
listen to this magical word is
written in the DNA
in fact it is true in the DNA there is so much
there is a lot and we must begin
today to learn to live with it
without fear of it because there is only one
way to defeat fear and the
knowledge in the moment in which we
we know
we know our genome we know
our DNA
immediately we have the tools for
get out of the fears of getting sick from
fears of not healing from fear of
be somehow registered as
someone says instead the filings like
you know they happen more for others
reasons that are not for DNA and this
we must have today
awareness that this molecule
extraordinary will always be alongside is
always near us is always more
it will involve our way of life of
think of being
thank you
[Applause]
”
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