Our symbiosis with technology for a better world! | Andreas Stavropoulos | TEDxAcademy

seems EOC is one of my favorite Greek

seems EOC is one of my favorite Greek words I love it and we’re living in a

words I love it and we’re living in a

words I love it and we’re living in a state of symbiosis with technology you

state of symbiosis with technology you

state of symbiosis with technology you see the arrow of time points in only one

see the arrow of time points in only one

see the arrow of time points in only one direction it only goes forward and just

direction it only goes forward and just

direction it only goes forward and just like that technology progress only moves

like that technology progress only moves

like that technology progress only moves forward think of old ideas or all

forward think of old ideas or all

forward think of old ideas or all technologies they don’t get lost they

technologies they don’t get lost they

technologies they don’t get lost they never die they don’t go away

never die they don’t go away

never die they don’t go away rather they combine and recombine to

rather they combine and recombine to

rather they combine and recombine to form networks of interdependent ideas

form networks of interdependent ideas

form networks of interdependent ideas that push us always forward that’s what

that push us always forward that’s what

that push us always forward that’s what technology is as a species we’ve moved

technology is as a species we’ve moved

technology is as a species we’ve moved from the industrial revolution to the

from the industrial revolution to the

from the industrial revolution to the Information Age now where everything is

Information Age now where everything is

Information Age now where everything is moving even faster so today I want to do

moving even faster so today I want to do

moving even faster so today I want to do two things

two things

two things first I want to talk about some of the

first I want to talk about some of the

first I want to talk about some of the positive impacts of our symbiotic

positive impacts of our symbiotic

positive impacts of our symbiotic relationship with technology but second

relationship with technology but second

relationship with technology but second I also want to raise a few questions

I also want to raise a few questions

I also want to raise a few questions that as a society we should grapple with

that as a society we should grapple with

that as a society we should grapple with in this state of continuous acceleration

in this state of continuous acceleration

in this state of continuous acceleration starting from big to small starting from

starting from big to small starting from

starting from big to small starting from macro to micro at the highest level the

macro to micro at the highest level the

macro to micro at the highest level the cosmic level if you will there’s no

cosmic level if you will there’s no

cosmic level if you will there’s no higher danger than extinction for the

higher danger than extinction for the

higher danger than extinction for the human species we have no backup we have

human species we have no backup we have

human species we have no backup we have one planet right now this is it we’re

one planet right now this is it we’re

one planet right now this is it we’re staying on it we’re living on it so at

staying on it we’re living on it so at

staying on it we’re living on it so at the highest level how can we as a

the highest level how can we as a

the highest level how can we as a species deal with the biggest kind of

species deal with the biggest kind of

species deal with the biggest kind of risks like an asteroid hitting the earth

risks like an asteroid hitting the earth

risks like an asteroid hitting the earth or nuclear war starting by some regime

or nuclear war starting by some regime

or nuclear war starting by some regime well we’re investors in SpaceX that lead

well we’re investors in SpaceX that lead

well we’re investors in SpaceX that lead the race towards trying to establish a

the race towards trying to establish a

the race towards trying to establish a colony on Mars all the things they’ve

colony on Mars all the things they’ve

colony on Mars all the things they’ve done the usability of the rockets the

done the usability of the rockets the

done the usability of the rockets the satellite launches everything that

satellite launches everything that

satellite launches everything that they’ve done are just steps towards the

they’ve done are just steps towards the

they’ve done are just steps towards the final mission which is to allow humans

final mission which is to allow humans

final mission which is to allow humans to have a backup on another planet and

to have a backup on another planet and

to have a backup on another planet and that’s happening right now only slightly

that’s happening right now only slightly

that’s happening right now only slightly smaller in scope going from the other

smaller in scope going from the other

smaller in scope going from the other planets to around we have to keep it

planets to around we have to keep it

planets to around we have to keep it clean

clean

clean we can all you know disagree on whether

we can all you know disagree on whether

we can all you know disagree on whether climate change is a hundred percent

climate change is a hundred percent

climate change is a hundred percent anthropogenic or not but there’s no

anthropogenic or not but there’s no

anthropogenic or not but there’s no disagreement that it’s happening and

disagreement that it’s happening and

disagreement that it’s happening and there’s also no disagreement that we

there’s also no disagreement that we

there’s also no disagreement that we should try to do a better job of

should try to do a better job of

should try to do a better job of reducing greenhouse gas emissions well

reducing greenhouse gas emissions well

reducing greenhouse gas emissions well technology to the rescue again between

technology to the rescue again between

technology to the rescue again between clean technology generation and even

clean technology generation and even

clean technology generation and even more importantly distributed energy

more importantly distributed energy

more importantly distributed energy storage the state of technology in that

storage the state of technology in that

storage the state of technology in that field is getting now close enough where

field is getting now close enough where

field is getting now close enough where can be cost-competitive without

can be cost-competitive without

can be cost-competitive without requiring government subsidies or other

requiring government subsidies or other

requiring government subsidies or other market distortions I believe that in our

market distortions I believe that in our

market distortions I believe that in our lifetime we will see the end of the

lifetime we will see the end of the

lifetime we will see the end of the internal combustion engine where I live

internal combustion engine where I live

internal combustion engine where I live in Silicon Valley already there’s a very

in Silicon Valley already there’s a very

in Silicon Valley already there’s a very high proportion of cars that are

high proportion of cars that are

high proportion of cars that are electric on the road I think within 20

electric on the road I think within 20

electric on the road I think within 20 years if not less most of the passenger

years if not less most of the passenger

years if not less most of the passenger vehicles on our streets will be powered

vehicles on our streets will be powered

vehicles on our streets will be powered by electricity which will have a huge

by electricity which will have a huge

by electricity which will have a huge impact in cleaning up our planet animal

impact in cleaning up our planet animal

impact in cleaning up our planet animal related emissions is another big

related emissions is another big

related emissions is another big category the Food and Agriculture

category the Food and Agriculture

category the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Organization of the United Nations

Organization of the United Nations estimates that something like 15 percent

estimates that something like 15 percent

estimates that something like 15 percent fourteen and a half percent to be exact

fourteen and a half percent to be exact

fourteen and a half percent to be exact of all anthropogenic emissions are due

of all anthropogenic emissions are due

of all anthropogenic emissions are due to animal farming animal raising and

to animal farming animal raising and

to animal farming animal raising and it’s actually more than half of all the

it’s actually more than half of all the

it’s actually more than half of all the agriculture related emissions and by way

agriculture related emissions and by way

agriculture related emissions and by way that’s even higher than transportation

that’s even higher than transportation

that’s even higher than transportation so as raising cattle is an especially

so as raising cattle is an especially

so as raising cattle is an especially inefficient way of using resources feed

inefficient way of using resources feed

inefficient way of using resources feed water let alone the pollution that they

water let alone the pollution that they

water let alone the pollution that they caused land obviously I know this looks

caused land obviously I know this looks

caused land obviously I know this looks scary the idea that we will be creating

scary the idea that we will be creating

scary the idea that we will be creating meat in labs but it’s happening we

meat in labs but it’s happening we

meat in labs but it’s happening we invested in a company called Memphis

invested in a company called Memphis

invested in a company called Memphis meats that were very proud of and

meats that were very proud of and

meats that were very proud of and there’s a number of others that are all

there’s a number of others that are all

there’s a number of others that are all working towards this vision of creating

working towards this vision of creating

working towards this vision of creating clean meat I’m not talking genetically

clean meat I’m not talking genetically

clean meat I’m not talking genetically modified I’m not talking about feeding

modified I’m not talking about feeding

modified I’m not talking about feeding cattle some chemical or anything like

cattle some chemical or anything like

cattle some chemical or anything like that I’m talking about clean

that I’m talking about clean

that I’m talking about clean indistinguishable protein fiber that can

indistinguishable protein fiber that can

indistinguishable protein fiber that can be created to begin with in a lab but

be created to begin with in a lab but

be created to begin with in a lab but hopefully eventually in a much larger

hopefully eventually in a much larger

hopefully eventually in a much larger industrial fashion and between that and

industrial fashion and between that and

industrial fashion and between that and other agricultural

other agricultural

other agricultural technological innovations could we see

technological innovations could we see

technological innovations could we see the end of world hunger so if we have

the end of world hunger so if we have

the end of world hunger so if we have the planet to live on that’s clean and

the planet to live on that’s clean and

the planet to live on that’s clean and we have food then we have to worry about

we have food then we have to worry about

we have food then we have to worry about disease the intersection of Life

disease the intersection of Life

disease the intersection of Life Sciences with information technology is

Sciences with information technology is

Sciences with information technology is one of the most interesting areas for

one of the most interesting areas for

one of the most interesting areas for investment for us right now you see it

investment for us right now you see it

investment for us right now you see it used to be that every hypothesis had to

used to be that every hypothesis had to

used to be that every hypothesis had to be tested by humans in laboratories

be tested by humans in laboratories

be tested by humans in laboratories using test tubes but now because of

using test tubes but now because of

using test tubes but now because of parallelization because of robotic

parallelization because of robotic

parallelization because of robotic automation and most importantly because

automation and most importantly because

automation and most importantly because we can model a lot of these questions

we can model a lot of these questions

we can model a lot of these questions completely in computers we can ask a lot

completely in computers we can ask a lot

completely in computers we can ask a lot of those questions in silico not in vivo

of those questions in silico not in vivo

of those questions in silico not in vivo or in vitro but in silicon and the

or in vitro but in silicon and the

or in vitro but in silicon and the reason why that’s important is because

reason why that’s important is because

reason why that’s important is because when you’re doing experiments in labs

when you’re doing experiments in labs

when you’re doing experiments in labs with humans

with humans

with humans you can only scale that so much but if

you can only scale that so much but if

you can only scale that so much but if you can model some of these problems in

you can model some of these problems in

you can model some of these problems in a computer then you can take advantage

a computer then you can take advantage

a computer then you can take advantage of the exponentially rising power of

of the exponentially rising power of

of the exponentially rising power of computation so you could be testing

computation so you could be testing

computation so you could be testing hundreds thousands millions of questions

hundreds thousands millions of questions

hundreds thousands millions of questions all at once couple that with the fact

all at once couple that with the fact

all at once couple that with the fact that genetic the delay decoding of our

that genetic the delay decoding of our

that genetic the delay decoding of our genome the cost of doing that has come

genome the cost of doing that has come

genome the cost of doing that has come down even faster than Moore’s law this

down even faster than Moore’s law this

down even faster than Moore’s law this is a logarithmic scale so a straight

is a logarithmic scale so a straight

is a logarithmic scale so a straight line is actually exponential and the

line is actually exponential and the

line is actually exponential and the cost of decoding genetic information is

cost of decoding genetic information is

cost of decoding genetic information is falling even faster than that we’re

falling even faster than that we’re

falling even faster than that we’re starting to understand our life software

starting to understand our life software

starting to understand our life software we’re starting to understand how this

we’re starting to understand how this

we’re starting to understand how this machinery is running and by doing that

machinery is running and by doing that

machinery is running and by doing that we can start understanding how we can

we can start understanding how we can

we can start understanding how we can fix the bugs in our software how we can

fix the bugs in our software how we can

fix the bugs in our software how we can change different things in it to

change different things in it to

change different things in it to potentially eliminate disease may be

potentially eliminate disease may be

potentially eliminate disease may be starting with cancer there’s so much

starting with cancer there’s so much

starting with cancer there’s so much research going on in cancer right now

research going on in cancer right now

research going on in cancer right now I’m very hopeful that they’ll be big

I’m very hopeful that they’ll be big

I’m very hopeful that they’ll be big breakthroughs in the next five or ten

breakthroughs in the next five or ten

breakthroughs in the next five or ten years moving on from disease accidents

years moving on from disease accidents

years moving on from disease accidents is another big cause of death around the

is another big cause of death around the

is another big cause of death around the world technology again to the rescue

world technology again to the rescue

world technology again to the rescue between autonomous vehicles and

between autonomous vehicles and

between autonomous vehicles and self-driving capabilities and other

self-driving capabilities and other

self-driving capabilities and other safety features we can make a real dent

safety features we can make a real dent

safety features we can make a real dent in reducing fatalities from accidents

in reducing fatalities from accidents

in reducing fatalities from accidents couple that with rethinking

couple that with rethinking

couple that with rethinking transportation all together

transportation all together

transportation all together obviously these are renderings these are

obviously these are renderings these are

obviously these are renderings these are artists renderings there is no tunnel

artists renderings there is no tunnel

artists renderings there is no tunnel for all those who you haven’t been to

for all those who you haven’t been to

for all those who you haven’t been to the Golden Gate

the Golden Gate

the Golden Gate there is no tunnel like that don’t

there is no tunnel like that don’t

there is no tunnel like that don’t expect it if you go there okay there’s

expect it if you go there okay there’s

expect it if you go there okay there’s no pictures gonna look like that but

no pictures gonna look like that but

no pictures gonna look like that but something like that could be coming

something like that could be coming

something like that could be coming whether it be next to a bridge or

whether it be next to a bridge or

whether it be next to a bridge or underground rethinking transportation to

underground rethinking transportation to

underground rethinking transportation to make it both efficient and safe can

make it both efficient and safe can

make it both efficient and safe can reduce again fatalities from one of the

reduce again fatalities from one of the

reduce again fatalities from one of the leading causes of death around the world

leading causes of death around the world

leading causes of death around the world let’s go from the macro to the micro

let’s go from the macro to the micro

let’s go from the macro to the micro from the general to the individual we

from the general to the individual we

from the general to the individual we don’t have to go far look around right

don’t have to go far look around right

don’t have to go far look around right we’re being live-streamed right now in

we’re being live-streamed right now in

we’re being live-streamed right now in your pockets you have access to all the

your pockets you have access to all the

your pockets you have access to all the world’s knowledge the biggest

world’s knowledge the biggest

world’s knowledge the biggest encyclopedias you have say music YouTube

encyclopedias you have say music YouTube

encyclopedias you have say music YouTube videos entertainment access to

videos entertainment access to

videos entertainment access to educational materials in all of them

educational materials in all of them

educational materials in all of them practically for almost free who would

practically for almost free who would

practically for almost free who would have thought 20 years ago that there

have thought 20 years ago that there

have thought 20 years ago that there would be business models that would

would be business models that would

would be business models that would allow all of us to have access to these

allow all of us to have access to these

allow all of us to have access to these information local maps to everywhere in

information local maps to everywhere in

information local maps to everywhere in your pocket for practically free

your pocket for practically free

your pocket for practically free and yet these business models exists

and yet these business models exists

and yet these business models exists these are not companies that are losing

these are not companies that are losing

these are not companies that are losing money these are companies that are doing

money these are companies that are doing

money these are companies that are doing very well and yet we have the wealth of

very well and yet we have the wealth of

very well and yet we have the wealth of this information provided to us coupled

this information provided to us coupled

this information provided to us coupled well with what’s coming there’s some

well with what’s coming there’s some

well with what’s coming there’s some virtual reality head gear out there this

virtual reality head gear out there this

virtual reality head gear out there this is going to be especially important as

is going to be especially important as

is going to be especially important as we think about the importance of

we think about the importance of

we think about the importance of training retraining our workforce and in

training retraining our workforce and in

training retraining our workforce and in learning new skills through things like

learning new skills through things like

learning new skills through things like virtual reality take it to

virtual reality take it to

virtual reality take it to self-expression between Twitter YouTube

self-expression between Twitter YouTube

self-expression between Twitter YouTube stars between blog platforms photography

stars between blog platforms photography

stars between blog platforms photography sharing what have you all of you budding

sharing what have you all of you budding

sharing what have you all of you budding artists journalists are photographers

artists journalists are photographers

artists journalists are photographers writers thinkers you have an

writers thinkers you have an

writers thinkers you have an unprecedented access to new audiences

unprecedented access to new audiences

unprecedented access to new audiences for what you want to put out there you

for what you want to put out there you

for what you want to put out there you see if you take it all together Maslow

see if you take it all together Maslow

see if you take it all together Maslow back in 1943 created this pyramid it’s a

back in 1943 created this pyramid it’s a

back in 1943 created this pyramid it’s a well known pyramid that tried to

well known pyramid that tried to

well known pyramid that tried to describe what drives human motivation

describe what drives human motivation

describe what drives human motivation and at the bottom of the pyramid you

and at the bottom of the pyramid you

and at the bottom of the pyramid you have things like the physiological needs

have things like the physiological needs

have things like the physiological needs you know nourishment

you know nourishment

you know nourishment need for food etc and then on top of

need for food etc and then on top of

need for food etc and then on top of that you have things like safety and

that you have things like safety and

that you have things like safety and love and belonging and what have you and

love and belonging and what have you and

love and belonging and what have you and some of the examples I brought up all

some of the examples I brought up all

some of the examples I brought up all have to do with bring in more food

have to do with bring in more food

have to do with bring in more food creating a clean planet so technology is

creating a clean planet so technology is

creating a clean planet so technology is having an impact all across the pyramid

having an impact all across the pyramid

having an impact all across the pyramid education makes it easier for people to

education makes it easier for people to

education makes it easier for people to feel better about themselves

feel better about themselves

feel better about themselves self-expression makes people get self

self-expression makes people get self

self-expression makes people get self actualized but what not a lot of people

actualized but what not a lot of people

actualized but what not a lot of people know is that Maslow later in his life

know is that Maslow later in his life

know is that Maslow later in his life added a piece to that pyramid then he

added a piece to that pyramid then he

added a piece to that pyramid then he talked about something that he called

talked about something that he called

talked about something that he called self transcendence and that’s the

self transcendence and that’s the

self transcendence and that’s the ability of the self to think beyond the

ability of the self to think beyond the

ability of the self to think beyond the self to think about things like nature

self to think about things like nature

self to think about things like nature the cosmos the species others altruism

the cosmos the species others altruism

the cosmos the species others altruism things like that so how’s technology

things like that so how’s technology

things like that so how’s technology doing in our quest towards the self

doing in our quest towards the self

doing in our quest towards the self transcendence well I would say it’s

transcendence well I would say it’s

transcendence well I would say it’s unclear whether technology is actually

unclear whether technology is actually

unclear whether technology is actually helping or hurting think about the

helping or hurting think about the

helping or hurting think about the resurgence of populism around the world

resurgence of populism around the world

resurgence of populism around the world in governments in the developed world

in governments in the developed world

in governments in the developed world right here in Greece in the United

right here in Greece in the United

right here in Greece in the United States where I live that’s not a very

States where I live that’s not a very

States where I live that’s not a very good sign and there’s a paradox with

good sign and there’s a paradox with

good sign and there’s a paradox with more choice and more control there’s a

more choice and more control there’s a

more choice and more control there’s a paradox in that maybe we have too much

paradox in that maybe we have too much

paradox in that maybe we have too much technology because it’s allowing us to

technology because it’s allowing us to

technology because it’s allowing us to close ourselves up in comfy digital

close ourselves up in comfy digital

close ourselves up in comfy digital bubbles where we just these hyper

bubbles where we just these hyper

bubbles where we just these hyper personalized feeds of information that

personalized feeds of information that

personalized feeds of information that we get if anything enhance amplify

we get if anything enhance amplify

we get if anything enhance amplify biases or prejudices we may have because

biases or prejudices we may have because

biases or prejudices we may have because we only get fed the news that we click

we only get fed the news that we click

we only get fed the news that we click on it’s more of the same and more of the

on it’s more of the same and more of the

on it’s more of the same and more of the same and more of the same so that brings

same and more of the same so that brings

same and more of the same so that brings me well I should say one more thing

me well I should say one more thing

me well I should say one more thing which is income inequality is an

which is income inequality is an

which is income inequality is an elephant in the room right if we think

elephant in the room right if we think

elephant in the room right if we think technology is accelerating and there’s

technology is accelerating and there’s

technology is accelerating and there’s some people that can get on that train

some people that can get on that train

some people that can get on that train they can board this you know rapidly

they can board this you know rapidly

they can board this you know rapidly moving train of great fantastic

moving train of great fantastic

moving train of great fantastic technology innovations and others can’t

technology innovations and others can’t

technology innovations and others can’t how is that gonna look from a

how is that gonna look from a

how is that gonna look from a distribution of income perspective and

distribution of income perspective and

distribution of income perspective and perceived inequality and unfairness it’s

perceived inequality and unfairness it’s

perceived inequality and unfairness it’s a societal issue so I’m not sure I have

a societal issue so I’m not sure I have

a societal issue so I’m not sure I have answers to what it is that we should be

answers to what it is that we should be

answers to what it is that we should be doing for all that but I’d like to pose

doing for all that but I’d like to pose

doing for all that but I’d like to pose at least a couple of questions and I

at least a couple of questions and I

at least a couple of questions and I start with this first question that I

start with this first question that I

start with this first question that I know will

know will

know will later on today as well which is what

later on today as well which is what

later on today as well which is what will work be like 20-30 years from now

will work be like 20-30 years from now

will work be like 20-30 years from now see the idea of the 40-hour week is a

see the idea of the 40-hour week is a

see the idea of the 40-hour week is a relatively recent phenomenon in the US

relatively recent phenomenon in the US

relatively recent phenomenon in the US it was legislated in the 40s you know

it was legislated in the 40s you know

it was legislated in the 40s you know back thousands of years ago there was

back thousands of years ago there was

back thousands of years ago there was the distinction between work and not

the distinction between work and not

the distinction between work and not work was very blurry at best right the

work was very blurry at best right the

work was very blurry at best right the farmers the hunter-gatherers they worked

farmers the hunter-gatherers they worked

farmers the hunter-gatherers they worked around the clock as long as they needed

around the clock as long as they needed

around the clock as long as they needed to the farmers their time was governed

to the farmers their time was governed

to the farmers their time was governed by time of day or time of season in

by time of day or time of season in

by time of day or time of season in terms of what their animals in the land

terms of what their animals in the land

terms of what their animals in the land required this idea of a 40-hour week was

required this idea of a 40-hour week was

required this idea of a 40-hour week was only created with the Industrial

only created with the Industrial

only created with the Industrial Revolution when the tasks became more

Revolution when the tasks became more

Revolution when the tasks became more uniform and therefore more repetitive

uniform and therefore more repetitive

uniform and therefore more repetitive and could be measured in terms of hours

and could be measured in terms of hours

and could be measured in terms of hours how is that going to be in the future

how is that going to be in the future

how is that going to be in the future when work might be less about repetitive

when work might be less about repetitive

when work might be less about repetitive tasks and more about exception handling

tasks and more about exception handling

tasks and more about exception handling because if you got a bunch of robots

because if you got a bunch of robots

because if you got a bunch of robots that are doing the repetitive tasks then

that are doing the repetitive tasks then

that are doing the repetitive tasks then the humans are there to handle the

the humans are there to handle the

the humans are there to handle the exceptions and what is the role of a

exceptions and what is the role of a

exceptions and what is the role of a welfare state in such a society where

welfare state in such a society where

welfare state in such a society where it’s not about giving people job a job

it’s not about giving people job a job

it’s not about giving people job a job that’s measured in hours but it’s about

that’s measured in hours but it’s about

that’s measured in hours but it’s about creating an experience that can fit with

creating an experience that can fit with

creating an experience that can fit with what society needs at that point when

what society needs at that point when

what society needs at that point when workforce adaptability and continuously

workforce adaptability and continuously

workforce adaptability and continuously training is necessary what is there all

training is necessary what is there all

training is necessary what is there all of the state I believe we’re going to

of the state I believe we’re going to

of the state I believe we’re going to need something like a broad safety net

need something like a broad safety net

need something like a broad safety net something like a universal basic income

something like a universal basic income

something like a universal basic income which is an idea that’s getting some

which is an idea that’s getting some

which is an idea that’s getting some support in the states that should be

support in the states that should be

support in the states that should be considered very seriously around the

considered very seriously around the

considered very seriously around the developed world over the next 10 20

developed world over the next 10 20

developed world over the next 10 20 years

years

years related to that first question the

related to that first question the

related to that first question the second one has to do with how we think

second one has to do with how we think

second one has to do with how we think about measuring progress as we move up

about measuring progress as we move up

about measuring progress as we move up as a species this Maslow’s hierarchy of

as a species this Maslow’s hierarchy of

as a species this Maslow’s hierarchy of needs what are the statistics that we

needs what are the statistics that we

needs what are the statistics that we should be using to measure how we’re

should be using to measure how we’re

should be using to measure how we’re doing

doing

doing does GDP a Kasai restoration EcoPro yawn

does GDP a Kasai restoration EcoPro yawn

does GDP a Kasai restoration EcoPro yawn does gdp make sense in a world where

does gdp make sense in a world where

does gdp make sense in a world where you’ve got plentiful food and goods to

you’ve got plentiful food and goods to

you’ve got plentiful food and goods to go around is that what it’s about if

go around is that what it’s about if

go around is that what it’s about if they do quantitative metrics of stuff

they do quantitative metrics of stuff

they do quantitative metrics of stuff matter as much does life expectancy

matter as much does life expectancy

matter as much does life expectancy matter if you’ve conquered most of

matter if you’ve conquered most of

matter if you’ve conquered most of diseases is it does but what what was

diseases is it does but what what was

diseases is it does but what what was going to be important so how can a

going to be important so how can a

going to be important so how can a society measure that kind of product

society measure that kind of product

society measure that kind of product well there’s likes right alike

well there’s likes right alike

well there’s likes right alike is a pretty crude measure but it is a

is a pretty crude measure but it is a

is a pretty crude measure but it is a measure of a digital touch of the

measure of a digital touch of the

measure of a digital touch of the positive impact through a digital touch

positive impact through a digital touch

positive impact through a digital touch that someone has on someone else but

that someone has on someone else but

that someone has on someone else but it’s very crude so I don’t think it’s

it’s very crude so I don’t think it’s

it’s very crude so I don’t think it’s gonna be likes but it might be something

gonna be likes but it might be something

gonna be likes but it might be something that’s closer to how we think about the

that’s closer to how we think about the

that’s closer to how we think about the impact of academic research right we

impact of academic research right we

impact of academic research right we think about number of citations we think

think about number of citations we think

think about number of citations we think about journal impact factors where that

about journal impact factors where that

about journal impact factors where that research gets published so maybe it’s

research gets published so maybe it’s

research gets published so maybe it’s gonna be something like that and

gonna be something like that and

gonna be something like that and obviously the open questions are what

obviously the open questions are what

obviously the open questions are what are the weights what are the things you

are the weights what are the things you

are the weights what are the things you measure and how you combine it all

measure and how you combine it all

measure and how you combine it all together and more importantly which

together and more importantly which

together and more importantly which brings me to my last question who

brings me to my last question who

brings me to my last question who decides about all this stuff anyway

decides about all this stuff anyway

decides about all this stuff anyway governance is a very interesting

governance is a very interesting

governance is a very interesting question I used to be four years it’s

question I used to be four years it’s

question I used to be four years it’s been it’s been determined geographically

been it’s been determined geographically

been it’s been determined geographically and there’s a there’s a reason why it’s

and there’s a there’s a reason why it’s

and there’s a there’s a reason why it’s been determined geographically is

been determined geographically is

been determined geographically is because the factors of production are

because the factors of production are

because the factors of production are mostly geographically linked land labor

mostly geographically linked land labor

mostly geographically linked land labor mostly labor a little less oh but labour

mostly labor a little less oh but labour

mostly labor a little less oh but labour still primarily tied to certain

still primarily tied to certain

still primarily tied to certain geographies but in the mid 20th century

geographies but in the mid 20th century

geographies but in the mid 20th century as capital started becoming a bigger

as capital started becoming a bigger

as capital started becoming a bigger thing and as capital flows started

thing and as capital flows started

thing and as capital flows started extending beyond geographic boundaries

extending beyond geographic boundaries

extending beyond geographic boundaries you started seeing the emergence of

you started seeing the emergence of

you started seeing the emergence of supra national organizations like the

supra national organizations like the

supra national organizations like the United Nations or the World Bank to help

United Nations or the World Bank to help

United Nations or the World Bank to help regulate the flows and help deal with

regulate the flows and help deal with

regulate the flows and help deal with things like poverty around the world and

things like poverty around the world and

things like poverty around the world and inequality due to capital flows so in a

inequality due to capital flows so in a

inequality due to capital flows so in a world where the factor of production

world where the factor of production

world where the factor of production weights shift in favor of

weights shift in favor of

weights shift in favor of entrepreneurship in favor of new ideas

entrepreneurship in favor of new ideas

entrepreneurship in favor of new ideas who decides and what are the kind of

who decides and what are the kind of

who decides and what are the kind of organizations that play there all of

organizations that play there all of

organizations that play there all of these supranational organizations to

these supranational organizations to

these supranational organizations to make sure that their rents or the return

make sure that their rents or the return

make sure that their rents or the return that goes to entrepreneurship somehow

that goes to entrepreneurship somehow

that goes to entrepreneurship somehow gets regulated or spread around and also

gets regulated or spread around and also

gets regulated or spread around and also speaking for us as humans as we become

speaking for us as humans as we become

speaking for us as humans as we become bigger and bigger members of these

bigger and bigger members of these

bigger and bigger members of these digital tribes as we start defining

digital tribes as we start defining

digital tribes as we start defining ourselves as belonging to not just one

ourselves as belonging to not just one

ourselves as belonging to not just one country but part of ways of thing

country but part of ways of thing

country but part of ways of thing King that again transcend national

King that again transcend national

King that again transcend national national boundaries how do we vote and

national boundaries how do we vote and

national boundaries how do we vote and what are the opinions that we have and

what are the opinions that we have and

what are the opinions that we have and about what and how do they get

about what and how do they get

about what and how do they get aggregated I think these are all very

aggregated I think these are all very

aggregated I think these are all very important questions let alone the whole

important questions let alone the whole

important questions let alone the whole question you’re going to hear about

question you’re going to hear about

question you’re going to hear about which is how do you make sure that you

which is how do you make sure that you

which is how do you make sure that you have access to unbiased information and

have access to unbiased information and

have access to unbiased information and news so as I said unfortunately I don’t

news so as I said unfortunately I don’t

news so as I said unfortunately I don’t have I don’t have a lot of answers okay

have I don’t have a lot of answers okay

have I don’t have a lot of answers okay I know we’re living in this symbiotic

I know we’re living in this symbiotic

I know we’re living in this symbiotic relationship with technology and I also

relationship with technology and I also

relationship with technology and I also know that everything is moving faster

know that everything is moving faster

know that everything is moving faster because we’re in the Information Age and

because we’re in the Information Age and

because we’re in the Information Age and everything is speeding up at exponential

everything is speeding up at exponential

everything is speeding up at exponential pace in terms of technology there are

pace in terms of technology there are

pace in terms of technology there are some tough questions in our continued

some tough questions in our continued

some tough questions in our continued quest towards transcendence that we’re

quest towards transcendence that we’re

quest towards transcendence that we’re gonna have to as a society grapple with

gonna have to as a society grapple with

gonna have to as a society grapple with and it’s not going to be easy but

and it’s not going to be easy but

and it’s not going to be easy but optimism matters right it’s easy to be

optimism matters right it’s easy to be

optimism matters right it’s easy to be pessimistic and to find flaws being

pessimistic and to find flaws being

pessimistic and to find flaws being optimistic is what’s going to allow us

optimistic is what’s going to allow us

optimistic is what’s going to allow us to use technology to find the solutions

to use technology to find the solutions

to use technology to find the solutions to the problems that technology itself

to the problems that technology itself

to the problems that technology itself creates and I for one choose to be

creates and I for one choose to be

creates and I for one choose to be optimistic that our future is going to

optimistic that our future is going to

optimistic that our future is going to be better than our past thank you

be better than our past thank you

be better than our past thank you [Applause]

[Applause]

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[Music] you