so today I’m going to talk a bit about my involvement with NASA and ISA the
my involvement with NASA and ISA the
my involvement with NASA and ISA the European Space Agency and the work that
European Space Agency and the work that
European Space Agency and the work that went into putting the exercise equipment
went into putting the exercise equipment
went into putting the exercise equipment that’s currently in use on the
that’s currently in use on the
that’s currently in use on the International Space Station as well as
International Space Station as well as
International Space Station as well as the training programs that the
the training programs that the
the training programs that the astronauts use so that’s my area of
astronauts use so that’s my area of
astronauts use so that’s my area of expertise so humans we’ve we’ve always
expertise so humans we’ve we’ve always
expertise so humans we’ve we’ve always been fascinated by space I think the
been fascinated by space I think the
been fascinated by space I think the idea of what’s out there and can we go
idea of what’s out there and can we go
idea of what’s out there and can we go out there and it wasn’t really until the
out there and it wasn’t really until the
out there and it wasn’t really until the 20th century until we even began to make
20th century until we even began to make
20th century until we even began to make any kind of steps towards space travel
any kind of steps towards space travel
any kind of steps towards space travel or space exploration and in the 60s were
or space exploration and in the 60s were
or space exploration and in the 60s were the initial space missions there’s been
the initial space missions there’s been
the initial space missions there’s been movies okay I thought it was on movies
movies okay I thought it was on movies
movies okay I thought it was on movies made about this and in the 70s those
made about this and in the 70s those
made about this and in the 70s those missions continued Skylab many of you
missions continued Skylab many of you
missions continued Skylab many of you may not have even heard of Skylab but it
may not have even heard of Skylab but it
may not have even heard of Skylab but it was really a precursor to the
was really a precursor to the
was really a precursor to the International Space Station and in the
International Space Station and in the
International Space Station and in the 80s the space shuttle mission started
80s the space shuttle mission started
80s the space shuttle mission started and they continued well into the 2000s
and they continued well into the 2000s
and they continued well into the 2000s and it wasn’t until 1998 that the
and it wasn’t until 1998 that the
and it wasn’t until 1998 that the International Space Station was the
International Space Station was the
International Space Station was the construction on that actually began and
construction on that actually began and
construction on that actually began and it’s definitely and still unused and
it’s definitely and still unused and
it’s definitely and still unused and they continued to upgrade and maintain
they continued to upgrade and maintain
they continued to upgrade and maintain that so with that those initial steps
that so with that those initial steps
that so with that those initial steps those initial space explorations
those initial space explorations
those initial space explorations I think NASA really started realizing
I think NASA really started realizing
I think NASA really started realizing the effects of space travel space
the effects of space travel space
the effects of space travel space exploration on the human body and
exploration on the human body and
exploration on the human body and unfortunately it wasn’t all good and so
unfortunately it wasn’t all good and so
unfortunately it wasn’t all good and so the problem was really gravity and I
the problem was really gravity and I
the problem was really gravity and I think there was even a recent movie
think there was even a recent movie
think there was even a recent movie called gravity but people think that
called gravity but people think that
called gravity but people think that it’s zero gravity that the space
it’s zero gravity that the space
it’s zero gravity that the space environment is your gravity and it’s
environment is your gravity and it’s
environment is your gravity and it’s really not it is microgravity because
really not it is microgravity because
really not it is microgravity because the level of gravity is very low and we
the level of gravity is very low and we
the level of gravity is very low and we use Earth’s gravity as our reference
use Earth’s gravity as our reference
use Earth’s gravity as our reference point and so that’s why we say Earth’s
point and so that’s why we say Earth’s
point and so that’s why we say Earth’s gravity is 1g but if you look at the
gravity is 1g but if you look at the
gravity is 1g but if you look at the gravity on Mars
it’s about 40% of that that we
it’s about 40% of that that we experience here on earth and the moon is
experience here on earth and the moon is
experience here on earth and the moon is even lower it’s about 20% so this is a
even lower it’s about 20% so this is a
even lower it’s about 20% so this is a problem and I think the biggest problem
problem and I think the biggest problem
problem and I think the biggest problem is we realized what it was doing to the
is we realized what it was doing to the
is we realized what it was doing to the body not only during space travel but
body not only during space travel but
body not only during space travel but once someone returned to earth and had
once someone returned to earth and had
once someone returned to earth and had to readjust to the Earth’s conditions so
to readjust to the Earth’s conditions so
to readjust to the Earth’s conditions so this looks very scary I know it’s a very
this looks very scary I know it’s a very
this looks very scary I know it’s a very large list of all the negative things
large list of all the negative things
large list of all the negative things that happen to your body when you go
that happen to your body when you go
that happen to your body when you go into space so this probably would put
into space so this probably would put
into space so this probably would put most people off of even considering
most people off of even considering
most people off of even considering going into space but fortunately most of
going into space but fortunately most of
going into space but fortunately most of these things return to normal very
these things return to normal very
these things return to normal very quickly upon return to earth and I’m
quickly upon return to earth and I’m
quickly upon return to earth and I’m going to really just focus on too many
going to really just focus on too many
going to really just focus on too many things to hold here I’m going to focus
things to hold here I’m going to focus
things to hold here I’m going to focus on the Box in red and I will go over
on the Box in red and I will go over
on the Box in red and I will go over what each of these things are because
what each of these things are because
what each of these things are because it’s overlapped here a bit but it’s
it’s overlapped here a bit but it’s
it’s overlapped here a bit but it’s really I’m focusing on the muscles and
really I’m focusing on the muscles and
really I’m focusing on the muscles and the bones and what we see with space
the bones and what we see with space
the bones and what we see with space travel space living in space such as on
travel space living in space such as on
travel space living in space such as on the International Space Station we see a
the International Space Station we see a
the International Space Station we see a loss of muscle tissue we see and with
loss of muscle tissue we see and with
loss of muscle tissue we see and with that a loss of muscle strength and even
that a loss of muscle strength and even
that a loss of muscle strength and even more importantly we see a loss of bone
more importantly we see a loss of bone
more importantly we see a loss of bone density and bone strength strength
density and bone strength strength
density and bone strength strength excuse me
excuse me
excuse me and interestingly this is very similar
and interestingly this is very similar
and interestingly this is very similar to what is seen in people as they age if
to what is seen in people as they age if
to what is seen in people as they age if they don’t train and don’t continue to
they don’t train and don’t continue to
they don’t train and don’t continue to stress their muscles and bones so a lot
stress their muscles and bones so a lot
stress their muscles and bones so a lot of the background information for study
of the background information for study
of the background information for study of what’s going on with space
of what’s going on with space
of what’s going on with space exploration in terms of the muscles and
exploration in terms of the muscles and
exploration in terms of the muscles and bones came from research that was
bones came from research that was
bones came from research that was already being done and continues to be
already being done and continues to be
already being done and continues to be done here with the aging population and
done here with the aging population and
done here with the aging population and so we realized very quickly that this
so we realized very quickly that this
so we realized very quickly that this had to be addressed and the only way to
had to be addressed and the only way to
had to be addressed and the only way to keep muscles and bones healthy and
keep muscles and bones healthy and
keep muscles and bones healthy and functional is through exercise
so fortunately astronauts had already
so fortunately astronauts had already been doing some exercise and you can see
been doing some exercise and you can see
been doing some exercise and you can see here that they had been using rowing
here that they had been using rowing
here that they had been using rowing machines cycle ergometer z– and
machines cycle ergometer z– and
machines cycle ergometer z– and treadmills so once people were spending
treadmills so once people were spending
treadmills so once people were spending some additional time and space
some additional time and space
some additional time and space especially when the first space station
especially when the first space station
especially when the first space station [Music]
[Music]
[Music] cosmonauts and astronauts were there for
cosmonauts and astronauts were there for
cosmonauts and astronauts were there for any length of time a few months there
any length of time a few months there
any length of time a few months there were all kind of tests being done and
were all kind of tests being done and
were all kind of tests being done and just to look at everything that was on
just to look at everything that was on
just to look at everything that was on that previous slide but especially
that previous slide but especially
that previous slide but especially muscles and bones and their function and
muscles and bones and their function and
muscles and bones and their function and their structure and we quickly realized
their structure and we quickly realized
their structure and we quickly realized that this type of exercise was not
that this type of exercise was not
that this type of exercise was not sufficient so that posed a problem so we
sufficient so that posed a problem so we
sufficient so that posed a problem so we had these devices the exercise devices
had these devices the exercise devices
had these devices the exercise devices and they were great for the heart they
and they were great for the heart they
and they were great for the heart they were great for the lungs so just keeping
were great for the lungs so just keeping
were great for the lungs so just keeping the body fit in that sense but not for
the body fit in that sense but not for
the body fit in that sense but not for the muscles and for the bones so now we
the muscles and for the bones so now we
the muscles and for the bones so now we had a dilemma because the only really
had a dilemma because the only really
had a dilemma because the only really known way to develop and just maintain
known way to develop and just maintain
known way to develop and just maintain muscle mass bone density after adulthood
muscle mass bone density after adulthood
muscle mass bone density after adulthood is resistance training or weight
is resistance training or weight
is resistance training or weight training and this has been shown in
training and this has been shown in
training and this has been shown in older people it’s been shown an athlete
older people it’s been shown an athlete
older people it’s been shown an athlete so we knew this but the problem was how
so we knew this but the problem was how
so we knew this but the problem was how do you lift weights in space when
do you lift weights in space when
do you lift weights in space when everything’s virtually weightless but
everything’s virtually weightless but
everything’s virtually weightless but that was a pretty big dilemma and it
that was a pretty big dilemma and it
that was a pretty big dilemma and it took quite a few teams of folks and it
took quite a few teams of folks and it
took quite a few teams of folks and it took some inner agency international
took some inner agency international
took some inner agency international cooperation to get this all figured out
cooperation to get this all figured out
cooperation to get this all figured out but the cosmonauts that have been on the
but the cosmonauts that have been on the
but the cosmonauts that have been on the MIR project they had been spending quite
MIR project they had been spending quite
MIR project they had been spending quite a bit of time in space and they were
a bit of time in space and they were
a bit of time in space and they were using elastic bands similar to what you
using elastic bands similar to what you
using elastic bands similar to what you may have used a thera-band something not
may have used a thera-band something not
may have used a thera-band something not exactly that but very similar and they
exactly that but very similar and they
exactly that but very similar and they had seen some decent results with
had seen some decent results with
had seen some decent results with maintenance of
maintenance of
maintenance of but not so much with bone so the thought
but not so much with bone so the thought
but not so much with bone so the thought was well let’s try to improve upon that
was well let’s try to improve upon that
was well let’s try to improve upon that and so the the first I guess version of
and so the the first I guess version of
and so the the first I guess version of the space weight training machine was
the space weight training machine was
the space weight training machine was this it was called the interim because I
this it was called the interim because I
this it was called the interim because I think everyone realized that this would
think everyone realized that this would
think everyone realized that this would not this was just the first step the
not this was just the first step the
not this was just the first step the interim resistive exercise device so the
interim resistive exercise device so the
interim resistive exercise device so the I read and it worked ok and I’ll show
I read and it worked ok and I’ll show
I read and it worked ok and I’ll show you the inside of the equipment here in
you the inside of the equipment here in
you the inside of the equipment here in a moment but you can see that this
a moment but you can see that this
a moment but you can see that this gentleman is doing what appears to be a
gentleman is doing what appears to be a
gentleman is doing what appears to be a squat exercise and so this machine was
squat exercise and so this machine was
squat exercise and so this machine was capable of performing someone could
capable of performing someone could
capable of performing someone could perform about twenty six different
perform about twenty six different
perform about twenty six different exercises on it and the load was the
exercises on it and the load was the
exercises on it and the load was the equivalent of about 300 pounds which
equivalent of about 300 pounds which
equivalent of about 300 pounds which sounds like a lot but there were some
sounds like a lot but there were some
sounds like a lot but there were some problems so this is the inside so you
problems so this is the inside so you
problems so this is the inside so you can see what the engineers did they took
can see what the engineers did they took
can see what the engineers did they took the elastic band idea and changed it so
the elastic band idea and changed it so
the elastic band idea and changed it so they made it into a twisting
they made it into a twisting
they made it into a twisting configuration so as the device was used
configuration so as the device was used
configuration so as the device was used the bands rotated around that Center
the bands rotated around that Center
the bands rotated around that Center core and got tighter and tighter and
core and got tighter and tighter and
core and got tighter and tighter and more difficult to move
more difficult to move
more difficult to move so there’s your resistance that was good
so there’s your resistance that was good
so there’s your resistance that was good the bad part was you have to untwist it
the bad part was you have to untwist it
the bad part was you have to untwist it and get it back to the starting position
and get it back to the starting position
and get it back to the starting position to be able to do another repetition on
to be able to do another repetition on
to be able to do another repetition on an exercise in theory that sounds
an exercise in theory that sounds
an exercise in theory that sounds alright but the body’s not set up that
alright but the body’s not set up that
alright but the body’s not set up that way
way
way some of your joints and your muscles
some of your joints and your muscles
some of your joints and your muscles work that way where you are weakest at
work that way where you are weakest at
work that way where you are weakest at the start and strongest at the finish
the start and strongest at the finish
the start and strongest at the finish one example would be a squat getting up
one example would be a squat getting up
one example would be a squat getting up from a squat but many other exercises
from a squat but many other exercises
from a squat but many other exercises don’t work that way for the example of
don’t work that way for the example of
don’t work that way for the example of an arm curl your weakest here you’re
an arm curl your weakest here you’re
an arm curl your weakest here you’re really strong here and then you’re weak
really strong here and then you’re weak
really strong here and then you’re weak again here and so that was a problem
again here and so that was a problem
again here and so that was a problem because as that device worked it just
because as that device worked it just
because as that device worked it just got increasingly harder so then and then
got increasingly harder so then and then
got increasingly harder so then and then there were some other exercises that are
there were some other exercises that are
there were some other exercises that are the opposite so the problem was you were
the opposite so the problem was you were
the opposite so the problem was you were getting too much resistance at certain
getting too much resistance at certain
getting too much resistance at certain points and not enough resistance at
points and not enough resistance at
points and not enough resistance at other points but having said all that it
other points but having said all that it
other points but having said all that it was still better than nothing or better
was still better than nothing or better
was still better than nothing or better than just the bands and so this list is
than just the bands and so this list is
than just the bands and so this list is the exercises that could be done and you
the exercises that could be done and you
the exercises that could be done and you can see that there are most of the major
can see that there are most of the major
can see that there are most of the major muscle groups are covered and in a lot
muscle groups are covered and in a lot
muscle groups are covered and in a lot of instances you can do multiple
of instances you can do multiple
of instances you can do multiple exercises for each so there was a little
exercises for each so there was a little
exercises for each so there was a little bit of variety and the total body could
bit of variety and the total body could
bit of variety and the total body could be trained although not perfectly so
be trained although not perfectly so
be trained although not perfectly so this machine was put on to the space
this machine was put on to the space
this machine was put on to the space station not very long after the initial
station not very long after the initial
station not very long after the initial construction had happened so in the
construction had happened so in the
construction had happened so in the early 2000s this machine was in use on
early 2000s this machine was in use on
early 2000s this machine was in use on the shuttle missions and also a version
the shuttle missions and also a version
the shuttle missions and also a version was put on the space station so the
was put on the space station so the
was put on the space station so the astronauts were using it regularly its
astronauts were using it regularly its
astronauts were using it regularly its durability was a problem it tended to
durability was a problem it tended to
durability was a problem it tended to break frequently so again it was better
break frequently so again it was better
break frequently so again it was better than nothing
than nothing
than nothing but it was only a step in the right
but it was only a step in the right
but it was only a step in the right direction so after several more years of
direction so after several more years of
direction so after several more years of development there was a new version
development there was a new version
development there was a new version created which combined a lot of
created which combined a lot of
created which combined a lot of different technologies and this is just
different technologies and this is just
different technologies and this is just another view I believe she’s doing a
another view I believe she’s doing a
another view I believe she’s doing a deadlift exercise on the original
deadlift exercise on the original
deadlift exercise on the original machine but this is the new machine and
machine but this is the new machine and
machine but this is the new machine and this machine is currently on the
this machine is currently on the
this machine is currently on the International Space Station it was
International Space Station it was
International Space Station it was launched in 2008 so the technologies
launched in 2008 so the technologies
launched in 2008 so the technologies used obviously you can see it’s a lot
used obviously you can see it’s a lot
used obviously you can see it’s a lot more heavy-duty it is motorized so that
more heavy-duty it is motorized so that
more heavy-duty it is motorized so that helps with the resistance but here they
helps with the resistance but here they
helps with the resistance but here they use a flywheel technology similar to
use a flywheel technology similar to
use a flywheel technology similar to what you would see in a rowing machine
what you would see in a rowing machine
what you would see in a rowing machine just not with air resistance and here
just not with air resistance and here
just not with air resistance and here these are vacuum cylinders and
these are vacuum cylinders and
these are vacuum cylinders and these work with air pressure so it’s a
these work with air pressure so it’s a
these work with air pressure so it’s a pneumatic type of resistance and so they
pneumatic type of resistance and so they
pneumatic type of resistance and so they have to build up the pressure in those
have to build up the pressure in those
have to build up the pressure in those cylinders but these two technologies
cylinders but these two technologies
cylinders but these two technologies combined make it so that not only do you
combined make it so that not only do you
combined make it so that not only do you have more resistance overall but the
have more resistance overall but the
have more resistance overall but the resistance feels like you’re here on
resistance feels like you’re here on
resistance feels like you’re here on earth it you feel the weight throughout
earth it you feel the weight throughout
earth it you feel the weight throughout the full range of motion and it matches
the full range of motion and it matches
the full range of motion and it matches much better the strength curves of your
much better the strength curves of your
much better the strength curves of your muscles and joints so this machine is
muscles and joints so this machine is
muscles and joints so this machine is capable of about thirty six different
capable of about thirty six different
capable of about thirty six different exercises and 18 of those are primary
exercises and 18 of those are primary
exercises and 18 of those are primary exercises and what I mean by the that is
exercises and what I mean by the that is
exercises and what I mean by the that is that it’s an exercise that you can put a
that it’s an exercise that you can put a
that it’s an exercise that you can put a lot of resistance to and it’s really
lot of resistance to and it’s really
lot of resistance to and it’s really going to stimulate the muscles and bones
going to stimulate the muscles and bones
going to stimulate the muscles and bones to maintain or develop so here’s some
to maintain or develop so here’s some
to maintain or develop so here’s some different photographs of folks using
different photographs of folks using
different photographs of folks using this machine on the space station and
this machine on the space station and
this machine on the space station and doing some different exercises so the
doing some different exercises so the
doing some different exercises so the way the machine is set up the increments
way the machine is set up the increments
way the machine is set up the increments you can do something as light as five
you can do something as light as five
you can do something as light as five pound resistance all the way up to 600
pound resistance all the way up to 600
pound resistance all the way up to 600 pounds and so that is more than twice
pounds and so that is more than twice
pounds and so that is more than twice the original machine as well as you’ve
the original machine as well as you’ve
the original machine as well as you’ve got more exercise variety and more just
got more exercise variety and more just
got more exercise variety and more just overall loading and stimulus to the
overall loading and stimulus to the
overall loading and stimulus to the muscles and bones so this video is
muscles and bones so this video is
muscles and bones so this video is showing one of the astronauts actually
showing one of the astronauts actually
showing one of the astronauts actually using the machine so he’s doing right
using the machine so he’s doing right
using the machine so he’s doing right here he’s doing a deadlift exercise now
here he’s doing a deadlift exercise now
here he’s doing a deadlift exercise now you see how it looks like he’s floating
you see how it looks like he’s floating
you see how it looks like he’s floating in air while doing this and that was
in air while doing this and that was
in air while doing this and that was necessary because if anyone has ever
necessary because if anyone has ever
necessary because if anyone has ever been over in the athletic center
been over in the athletic center
been over in the athletic center downstairs under the weight room when
downstairs under the weight room when
downstairs under the weight room when the football team is doing their Olympic
the football team is doing their Olympic
the football team is doing their Olympic lifts you would think the building is
lifts you would think the building is
lifts you would think the building is going to come down on your head and so
going to come down on your head and so
going to come down on your head and so having vibrations like that in space on
having vibrations like that in space on
having vibrations like that in space on the space station wasn’t the best idea
the space station wasn’t the best idea
the space station wasn’t the best idea so they the engineers had to work to
so they the engineers had to work to
so they the engineers had to work to figure out how to mount the machine here
figure out how to mount the machine here
figure out how to mount the machine here he’s doing a squat how to mount the
he’s doing a squat how to mount the
he’s doing a squat how to mount the machine so it would really be floating
machine so it would really be floating
machine so it would really be floating independently and those vibrations
independently and those vibrations
independently and those vibrations wouldn’t affect the orbit or any other
wouldn’t affect the orbit or any other
wouldn’t affect the orbit or any other thing on the space station and the other
thing on the space station and the other
thing on the space station and the other functioning because there’s a lot of
functioning because there’s a lot of
functioning because there’s a lot of very sensitive equipment there and
very sensitive equipment there and
very sensitive equipment there and experiments and electronics and
experiments and electronics and
experiments and electronics and everything so a little bit about their
everything so a little bit about their
everything so a little bit about their training so I think that NASA with
training so I think that NASA with
training so I think that NASA with working together with physiologists with
working together with physiologists with
working together with physiologists with engineers they I think they feel like
engineers they I think they feel like
engineers they I think they feel like they’ve got it pretty well bright with
they’ve got it pretty well bright with
they’ve got it pretty well bright with in terms of the machine so right now
in terms of the machine so right now
in terms of the machine so right now there’s not additional development
there’s not additional development
there’s not additional development that’s going on with that machine
that’s going on with that machine
that’s going on with that machine so really the focus became what do you
so really the focus became what do you
so really the focus became what do you do with the training so astronauts are
do with the training so astronauts are
do with the training so astronauts are often scheduled for missions two and
often scheduled for missions two and
often scheduled for missions two and three years away from when they actually
three years away from when they actually
three years away from when they actually go up in some kind of space mission so
go up in some kind of space mission so
go up in some kind of space mission so they start training their pre-flight
they start training their pre-flight
they start training their pre-flight training their physical training about
training their physical training about
training their physical training about two years before they ever go into space
two years before they ever go into space
two years before they ever go into space so this is just a table of common
so this is just a table of common
so this is just a table of common exercises that they are doing and what I
exercises that they are doing and what I
exercises that they are doing and what I did was I highlighted some of these in
did was I highlighted some of these in
did was I highlighted some of these in red that give you the most capability of
red that give you the most capability of
red that give you the most capability of loading and these are going to be the
loading and these are going to be the
loading and these are going to be the most effective with improving muscle and
most effective with improving muscle and
most effective with improving muscle and bone density so you can see that they
bone density so you can see that they
bone density so you can see that they incorporate different movements triple
incorporate different movements triple
incorporate different movements triple extension movements just think of what
extension movements just think of what
extension movements just think of what you do when you jump so you extend the
you do when you jump so you extend the
you do when you jump so you extend the hips knees and ankles other movements
hips knees and ankles other movements
hips knees and ankles other movements are pushing movements pulling movements
are pushing movements pulling movements
are pushing movements pulling movements combination movements so the astronauts
combination movements so the astronauts
combination movements so the astronauts utilize all of these and try to get in
utilize all of these and try to get in
utilize all of these and try to get in the peak physical condition before they
the peak physical condition before they
the peak physical condition before they ever leave the ground and another aspect
ever leave the ground and another aspect
ever leave the ground and another aspect of pre-flight
of pre-flight
of pre-flight training is you have to address
training is you have to address
training is you have to address different training emphasis areas so if
different training emphasis areas so if
different training emphasis areas so if you can see this they start with
you can see this they start with
you can see this they start with building muscle so hypertrophy and they
building muscle so hypertrophy and they
building muscle so hypertrophy and they do that with some moderate weight and
do that with some moderate weight and
do that with some moderate weight and moderate repetitions then they work on
moderate repetitions then they work on
moderate repetitions then they work on their strength development and that’s
their strength development and that’s
their strength development and that’s when you’re starting to increase that
when you’re starting to increase that
when you’re starting to increase that load and you drop back the repetitions
load and you drop back the repetitions
load and you drop back the repetitions then you you peak your strength and
then you you peak your strength and
then you you peak your strength and start to work on your power so again you
start to work on your power so again you
start to work on your power so again you do fewer repetitions but every time
do fewer repetitions but every time
do fewer repetitions but every time you’re increasing that weight and then
you’re increasing that weight and then
you’re increasing that weight and then peaking power there’s different ways to
peaking power there’s different ways to
peaking power there’s different ways to do this but it can be light it can be
do this but it can be light it can be
do this but it can be light it can be heavy it’s all about performing a
heavy it’s all about performing a
heavy it’s all about performing a movement fast and then they also work on
movement fast and then they also work on
movement fast and then they also work on their muscle endurance that’s important
their muscle endurance that’s important
their muscle endurance that’s important to you so that’s where you have higher
to you so that’s where you have higher
to you so that’s where you have higher repetitions but the weight is less so
repetitions but the weight is less so
repetitions but the weight is less so this is repeated over the two-year
this is repeated over the two-year
this is repeated over the two-year period so they cycle through these
period so they cycle through these
period so they cycle through these different plans and and it helps the
different plans and and it helps the
different plans and and it helps the body to not only develop but then you
body to not only develop but then you
body to not only develop but then you start over and you’re able you’re at a
start over and you’re able you’re at a
start over and you’re able you’re at a higher level and then you get that
higher level and then you get that
higher level and then you get that recovery so this is the in-flight
recovery so this is the in-flight
recovery so this is the in-flight training so without having the other
training so without having the other
training so without having the other table in front of you these are some of
table in front of you these are some of
table in front of you these are some of the same exercises that were on that
the same exercises that were on that
the same exercises that were on that initial initial table so you can see
initial initial table so you can see
initial initial table so you can see there’s a variety there’s upper body
there’s a variety there’s upper body
there’s a variety there’s upper body there’s lower body
there’s lower body
there’s lower body there’s exercises that are performed
there’s exercises that are performed
there’s exercises that are performed with a lot of weight exercises that are
with a lot of weight exercises that are
with a lot of weight exercises that are performed with a little bit of weight
performed with a little bit of weight
performed with a little bit of weight but they cycle through these so you can
but they cycle through these so you can
but they cycle through these so you can see these are labeled routine a B and C
see these are labeled routine a B and C
see these are labeled routine a B and C and that’s important for the next slide
and that’s important for the next slide
and that’s important for the next slide so you can see here’s the a and the B
so you can see here’s the a and the B
so you can see here’s the a and the B and the C
my pointers dying and you can see they
my pointers dying and you can see they rotate those they also rotate so they’re
rotate those they also rotate so they’re
rotate those they also rotate so they’re rotating exercises they’re rotating
rotating exercises they’re rotating
rotating exercises they’re rotating intensity and if you look across the top
intensity and if you look across the top
intensity and if you look across the top you see that they’re training six days a
you see that they’re training six days a
you see that they’re training six days a week now for most of us that might seem
week now for most of us that might seem
week now for most of us that might seem a little odd you know the
a little odd you know the
a little odd you know the recommendations out there three days a
recommendations out there three days a
recommendations out there three days a week but the astronauts want to train
week but the astronauts want to train
week but the astronauts want to train that often and sometimes they’ll even
that often and sometimes they’ll even
that often and sometimes they’ll even train a seventh day they want to do this
train a seventh day they want to do this
train a seventh day they want to do this work and it’s been successful so the
work and it’s been successful so the
work and it’s been successful so the reports are that they want to be in this
reports are that they want to be in this
reports are that they want to be in this machine because it feels like they’re
machine because it feels like they’re
machine because it feels like they’re back on earth because if you think about
back on earth because if you think about
back on earth because if you think about it and their workouts are about two and
it and their workouts are about two and
it and their workouts are about two and a half hours long so an hour and a half
a half hours long so an hour and a half
a half hours long so an hour and a half of resistance training and an hour of
of resistance training and an hour of
of resistance training and an hour of the aerobic training that we initially
the aerobic training that we initially
the aerobic training that we initially saw the treadmills the cycler gaaah
saw the treadmills the cycler gaaah
saw the treadmills the cycler gaaah meters and but they do it because they
meters and but they do it because they
meters and but they do it because they feel like they’re back on earth because
feel like they’re back on earth because
feel like they’re back on earth because the other twenty you know one and a half
the other twenty you know one and a half
the other twenty you know one and a half hours 22 hours a day they’re floating
hours 22 hours a day they’re floating
hours 22 hours a day they’re floating around and it’s a very uncomfortable
around and it’s a very uncomfortable
around and it’s a very uncomfortable feeling even though they train for it
feeling even though they train for it
feeling even though they train for it it’s still uncomfortable so they really
it’s still uncomfortable so they really
it’s still uncomfortable so they really do want to do this and they have shown
do want to do this and they have shown
do want to do this and they have shown good results which is excellent because
good results which is excellent because
good results which is excellent because if we ever hope to go to Mars if we ever
if we ever hope to go to Mars if we ever
if we ever hope to go to Mars if we ever hope to go back to the moon and
hope to go back to the moon and
hope to go back to the moon and establish a colony these are things that
establish a colony these are things that
establish a colony these are things that NASA has proposed we have to make sure
NASA has proposed we have to make sure
NASA has proposed we have to make sure that we don’t have these muscle and bone
that we don’t have these muscle and bone
that we don’t have these muscle and bone losses we have to address this and make
losses we have to address this and make
losses we have to address this and make sure that people are not losing the
sure that people are not losing the
sure that people are not losing the function and so the astronauts
function and so the astronauts
function and so the astronauts themselves they have said that they
themselves they have said that they
themselves they have said that they maintain their strength they maintain
maintain their strength they maintain
maintain their strength they maintain their bone density and with their
their bone density and with their
their bone density and with their training their training every day and
training their training every day and
training their training every day and every month they send these results back
every month they send these results back
every month they send these results back to NASA and they’re making adjustments
to NASA and they’re making adjustments
to NASA and they’re making adjustments and then one thing we didn’t talk about
and then one thing we didn’t talk about
and then one thing we didn’t talk about today is the nutrition side of it and so
today is the nutrition side of it and so
today is the nutrition side of it and so none of these things are possible
none of these things are possible
none of these things are possible without addressing nutrition and so
without addressing nutrition and so
without addressing nutrition and so nutrition is monitored the diets are
nutrition is monitored the diets are
nutrition is monitored the diets are careful
careful
careful plan and so that’s another reason for
plan and so that’s another reason for
plan and so that’s another reason for the success of this program it’s not
the success of this program it’s not
the success of this program it’s not just the machine it’s not just the
just the machine it’s not just the
just the machine it’s not just the training and so but they have seen
training and so but they have seen
training and so but they have seen excellent results and so this has been a
excellent results and so this has been a
excellent results and so this has been a great step in the right direction and so
great step in the right direction and so
great step in the right direction and so from my perspective I feel like first of
from my perspective I feel like first of
from my perspective I feel like first of all very fortunate to have even been
all very fortunate to have even been
all very fortunate to have even been involved with any of this but secondly
involved with any of this but secondly
involved with any of this but secondly it’s been really good to see the
it’s been really good to see the
it’s been really good to see the interdisciplinary cooperation between
interdisciplinary cooperation between
interdisciplinary cooperation between engineering and physics and physiology
engineering and physics and physiology
engineering and physics and physiology and biomechanics and and trainers even
and biomechanics and and trainers even
and biomechanics and and trainers even the practitioners that work with these
the practitioners that work with these
the practitioners that work with these astronauts on the day to day basis so
astronauts on the day to day basis so
astronauts on the day to day basis so that’s been what I’ve taken away from it
that’s been what I’ve taken away from it
that’s been what I’ve taken away from it but also just the the whole concept of
but also just the the whole concept of
but also just the the whole concept of overcoming challenges because you know
overcoming challenges because you know
overcoming challenges because you know at the onset when we first were working
at the onset when we first were working
at the onset when we first were working on that very first version of the
on that very first version of the
on that very first version of the machine it just seemed impossible it
machine it just seemed impossible it
machine it just seemed impossible it seemed like we would never be able to
seemed like we would never be able to
seemed like we would never be able to develop anything that would work and and
develop anything that would work and and
develop anything that would work and and to see it come this far and to see that
to see it come this far and to see that
to see it come this far and to see that they’re actually making these folks
they’re actually making these folks
they’re actually making these folks maintain their function it’s been really
maintain their function it’s been really
maintain their function it’s been really great so I guess that’s my takeaway
great so I guess that’s my takeaway
great so I guess that’s my takeaway message is overcoming and just to keep
message is overcoming and just to keep
message is overcoming and just to keep reaching and to work together with other
reaching and to work together with other
reaching and to work together with other people so thank
”
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