telling my story a little bit
personal and I wanted to start with one
I remember the memory of my father who
he pretended to work for asylum
I used to hang around by moving needlessly
bricks from one side to the other looking
to reassure my fears of being
abandoned these fears however
they got a little worse when they were old
eight years old
that rascal of my father abandon us
really taken away by cancer
liver not yet forty
and here is that and here is some doctor
of the hospital of Rome of the domain of
if these my fears would be
vanished with the natural flow of the
time
over time I learned to transform
these my fears in a curiosity in the
curiosity to try to understand how to do
move objects around me in
as if they had not followed me
they would have more abandoned memories than
at the age of 11 and example was put
in the head to make a submarine then a
rabat you have a tube a cork a
scooter a pile
and here I wanted to try this
submarine begin to find it for
home but at a certain point the grandmother
he was not at home and he was a genius of genius
fill the freezer at home and the
grandma was not happy at all
he had to knock a lot of material
acquired during the year
today I am a researcher I deal with
locomotion and locomotion
extraordinary ability that objects
year to move even year for
move and in particular I take care of
locomotion for robot humanoid robots
humanoids
and clear that if we talk about robots
humanoids we can not not talk about
human and indeed human beings yes
move into the surrounding environment
thanks to the walk that is that
extraordinary capacity that we
we buy in the first 15 months of life
being we reflect this ability la
here we are in a short time
relatively short compared to
average length of a life of a being
human
and here it is
and here is the question that arises
natural because because beings
humans walk as they walk well
so here there is little to invent and
much to study as much as biology
evolutionary teaches us that we must do one
jump back in time to 6 million
years and return to the land it was
subjected to a lowering of the
temperatures this lowering of the
temperatures induced one in turn
reduction of rain forests e
so if you imagine you are one
chimpanzee living at the edges of these
forests you would not need to
move this need for more
move when when it took when
it happened when it happened on the trees and
he probably induced an adaptation
postural erected fact proves that
chooses rank tango react to
flexibility of the branches exactly
extending the legs then the other requirement
of moving
he probably optimized the energy
the energy spent on locomotion e
so if we were to synthesize
running it is possible that there are two
fundamental elements that have induced
the bipedal walk as we live it today
and manipulation to energy
now probably probably the
manipulation and what it has induced
intelligence and intelligence have us
asked the other question as well other questions
it’s but we can move more
fast from one point to another
and here we have invented a certain
number of systems this is that
they range from the robot fine wheel
humanoid but one of the objectives
fundamental to these systems
especially above all foreigners
it was the speed to move quickly
and that’s why we conceived
very different solutions from those
conceived by nature
certainly the planes fly not banging
the wings, however, what sometimes
we can we can not understand is if
we did better or worse than the
nature well if we take for example
the blackboard which is one of the planes
fastest ever conceived of being
human
we realize that it reaches
a speed of one km per second
and if we compare it with a pigeon
the journey is simple 34 meters per second
it would seem that we have done better
but in reality if we choose another one
unit of measurement that the pig length
body both we aim how many times the
length of one’s body is repeated in
a second
we realize that nature is
still ahead of our systems
locomotion and what we seek
to set up Italian technology
and channel all the knowledge on
locomotion systems in the next
systems that will be able to move
like humanoid robots well it is clear that
if we want to move a robot
humanoid like a human being
you need the journey is along the law
luca as human beings are
extremely capable of moving
in the surrounding environment through i
contacts between your body and
the environment
and if we compare these capabilities that
the human being has with the results
current humanoid robotics well there
we realize that the journey is still there
along for example the barbara darpa
challenger that the olympiad of the robot has
proved that the walk is still one
open problem and it is absolutely not
easy to solve
and here is that before before implementing
control algorithms to move
humanoid robots must understand that
what is walking
well, the extraordinary walk
ability we have to move and
maybe we do not realize it but we
we walk falling and in fact the
walk can be decomposed into three
the fundamental components of the first
balance is really the balance
fundamental component
humans going from quadruped
bipeds have optimized their own
energy can use hands though
they have become unstable and then there are
two other components of the bike
oscillator of the leg trying to
search for contact and then the way
repulsive, that is, what the motion of
contraction of the fundamental leg
during the race and where we implement
we walk these algorithms well
what we want to implement ourselves
we want to implement these algorithms
on a humanoid robot named aicab a cabo
humanoid robot acts roughly little
more than one meter weighs approximately 30 30
kg and is equipped with a number of
sensors the sense is more sensors like the
vision that allow him to see the
microphone that allow him to say but
above all two particular sensors that
I am the skin or if you want to touch the
robot him to the perception of where it is
you are touching and also the sensors of
force force sensors allow us
to understand how strongly
we are touching the robot and right
these internal forces of the robot in
reality I create the movements or the
accelerations and how to generate these that
somehow emulate the contraction
muscle of the human being
if we control the muscles we are
doing internal forces and those
internal forces now I remain standing
because I’m contracting I’m checking
interactions with the external environment ed
here is that if I want to check one
robot in such a way that it is standing
I have to check the interactions between
robot and external environment
these considerations can do
born and that with CCC allow us to
to conceive the control algorithms for
the humanoid robot aicab is the thing
fundamental of these algorithms is that
the robot is compliant thing
means means that an interaction
with the robot it must not first of all do
yes that the robot
but it certainly must not hurt
the operator and this is one of the
fundamental components for the
applications that one day probably
they will be in homes in everyone’s homes
Now
now it is clear that the balance is
certainly a fundamental component
but for walking we need
something more and how we can
to conceive walking algorithms and
so here there are years of literature
that explain how to do it
like trying to make a walk
robot
however if we simplify the robot in
one of the tools that probably has
revolutionized science like the pendulum
then a first indication of where
put the foot can be that
position where the pendulum stops
exactly in a vertical position
well then this simple observation
it allows us to make ourselves conceive
of control algorithms for robots
humanoids giving them the chance to
move in space however we like
researchers we need to
go beyond not only from the point of view
practical but also theoretical and therefore the
question that you must ask yourself ok
what can we imagine later and we can
imagine a scuba diver ad
example able to operate in
very difficult conditions
or a hybrid robot instead of
have legs on wheels though
again if you should
ask me how the future imagines
humanoid robots well I can not not
imagine a future where these robots
are able to fly and allowing us
to move in a fearless way is the
definitely less obsessive way
compulsive thanks to everyone
[Applause]
”
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