something incredible happens to me
become pregnant be in family and have
children made me think about
many things
and maybe for the first time
but personal interest and my
research interests have
mixed so having a child
this formidable but the child has
imposed also a lot of constraints
we were still in a relationship we are
free to organize as we wanted if
I wanted to visit my friends in Germany
and my boyfriend or make them a weekend
and scotch
we did that just like that but a
child must be cared for
you have to bring it home
look there, you have to bring it to a
medical visit in short we have
started sharing a google agenda
to manage our schedule and we
also started to negotiate and we
did not always agree
in fact these couple negotiations are
different from the negotiations that
observe elsewhere for example if we want
buy a car in such
talks
normally everyone just thinks of themselves
even so we want to have a product that
is more interesting or a price that is
a little lower during
negotiations couple the problem is
not normally when everyone just thinks
to oneself but that one is not
okay what will be best for the
couple
so we negotiate questions from
principles and that’s why
today I wanted to talk to you a
few of these questions of principle have
in general there are two different
ways of solving such
problems for a couple first
approach and optimize to be effective
so in such a couple we will compare
skills
and the person who knows best
something for example to repair
a car or cooking is going
take charge of this task
the result is going to be a
specialization and skills are going
to be more and more different
the same argument can also be
used to decide who will work
or how long each one will work
so in an effective couple we are going
compare wages and the person who
has a higher salary to himself
specialize in the job market
and the person who has the lowest salary
will adapt take positions
maybe a little less interesting
work half time will support
cleaning and caring for children
now in most countries the
wages for men are more
higher than wages for
women
so you can guess that is
what do you get so the man who
will specialize in the market of
work and it’s the woman who will
take care of the household and children
so that’s an approach that’s
effective but which is very uneven at
level of contributions to income from
housekeeping so the second approach
will be to be rather equal so in a
such a couple the man and the woman are all
the two assets on the market
work and also and share the
housework and takes care of
children
such a couple is going to be maybe a
little less effective but the
everyone’s contributions are going to be
so much more seems so there is
many good reasons for each
of these two approaches the effectiveness
went well we’ll have more for
the couple equality is good
to have a good balance in the
couple the specialization is good
because everyone is going to be really
an external in the tasks that goes
take charge but we also know
good to know we can do everything
so a question I asked myself
in time of savings
mystery was that she had the
preference of men and women
for efficiency versus equality
in the couple so in reality
it’s very, very difficult to measure
or observe this pre
preferences so eventually it takes
ask the question in person so that
what we did we organized
an experience for which we have
invited couples live together from
come into our lab for
answer questions that we
to measure their interest in
efficiency or equality so in
our laboratory we separated the
men and women
so everyone has answered for oneself a
accountant to questions that
concerned the rental of a resource
between themselves and their partners and
it was a real resource because we
given to our couples on average almost
100 euros for the participants
participation in this experience
so here is such a situation that we have
offered to our participants
There are two options the option to the option
b the option to the left and a situation
which is equal because we will give to
man and woman’s forehead
toulouzan this is our local currency
that we exchange in euros at the end of
experience
option b on the right is a situation
which is effective
we will give 450 Toulouzan francs to
couple but everything will be given to
the man a nothing at the end so each of
our participants had to make a choice
between this option to and this option b
knowing that at the end of the experiment
each participant will receive a
envelope with his winnings of
this experience
so it has been observed that almost 40% of
participants chose the situation that
is equal and the result was the
even for men and women in
it means 40% of women have chosen
this option is also
40% of men chose this option
so all men that may seem like a
little wonder here because if you
look at both options did
the dead man at 450 francs Toulouse
in option b so that’s a lot
more and in addition he is free to share
this amount
after the experience with his wife
okay but it still seems like a
large percentage of people to a
interest in equality even though
it’s expensive and the blows here it is
not negligible so to see the shot
you have to compare the total in both
options it has a difference of 50
francs so that means there is a
cost of more than 10% associated with this
equality so why is there such
interest in equality even though
it’s expensive so here there are two
perspectives
firstly to the person who is
disadvantaged it’s easy to see
why a person who is
disadvantaged will have a preference
for equality is going to have more to be
less dependent feel less
guilty it’s a bit harder to
see why also a person who is
favorite it can also have a
interest in equality but that’s
not always easy to have more we can
not just sounded money as a gift
to someone else
he will feel sorry for it will attend
to wake us up
if you invite someone in a
restaurant he will insist to pay the
next time more if you are
in a favored situation and you
know that your partner is
unfortunate it is very likely that you
are ready to pay a certain price
to give a better situation also to
your partner
a situation was also proposed
reverse in a situation where we have
given the whole thing to the woman is nothing to
the man
and the result is the same okay
so even in this situation
there men and women they have the
same preferences plus or minus 40%
choose this option that egalitarian
we observe a little the same result if
we look at the labor market which
10000 2011 in France we had in 44%
Household
the man and the woman who worked at
full time so what our result
show what this is not just a
result because we are going to have more
of money it is in two wages in
instead of one but that there is a real
interest in equality and that
couples are even close to paying a
certain price to have equality but
we have also seen that couples are quite
rational compared with respect to
this bonus to seven strokes for example one
proposed a situation where we have
increased the cost here by giving given
600 francs then in the situation that
is effective in the now the
difference 200 francs toulouse that that
means there is a cost of 33 %
associated with equality and in 7 cases one
saw that justin% of participants
chose the situation equals that means
there is a real interest in
equality by couples but
ultimately everything depends on the price so if
the price starts to be too high at
a moment we say good it costs too much
dear and now it’s so important
to think a little bit about what
it’s this price race in the
reality
here I greatly simplified I just
talked about wages but a cost that
is very very important in the
situation that always kind is the
social pressure
so if in addition in a society any
the world thinks that a man must win
more than the woman
it adds another blow to our
couple
we also saw that there is a take
variance in the preferences so
some people are close to paying
a higher price than others
it’s a question of the personality of
individual preferences
we also saw that culture played a
rather important role so for example
honor
effect this experience in germany and
we have seen that for exactly the same
kinds situation among the couples
German a bigger percentage to
hot if the situation equals which he
need to talk about neither
approach is necessarily better but
you have to agree
which approach we want to follow we have
also seen in our experience as in
25 to 30 % of couples
the man and the woman did not choose the
same option
it’s quite normal that we do not have
the same preferences in a couple
other
let’s talk about it often it’s difficult to
talk about money in the couple we do not
never does or just when it’s too much
late but it’s important as often
we think others have the
same references as ourselves because
it seems so obvious from our
point of view but if it’s not true
so to know how important is
of equality for where and if you are
ready to pay a price for the voice he
must be discussed
[Applause]
”
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