together is not filling the heart of
a lot of emotion to share with
you some ideas of something that very
probably few know but I’m
very sure that after you
accompany me in this adventure they go to
feel something in your heart and in your
spirit that will change them
I want to invite you to live with me one
natural experience of a journey that
It is probably the most spectacular of
all this planet
these organisms
there are populations throughout the world
of these butterflies in all
continents but only here in
mexico something happens that is so
spectacular that if they let me
I’m going to tell this whole story as
all agronomist as a biologist the power
know and visit the ecosystems of the
world and mexico is a true
privilege and it is a gift a beach a
jungle a desert
each of these ecosystems has a
magic and has a very important life
but all these systems all these
these natural environments provide us with
US
many services that very rarely
we realize all those ecosystems
there is one that really fascinates me
I’m passionate and every time I have
opportunity to visit him fills me the
heart of joy is this ecosystem
I present here we have it
quite close to us corresponds
to the forests of the neovolcanic axis
from Mexico
this ecosystem is very special because
provides ecosystem services to the
populations of human beings including
to the great city of mexico where they
comes a lot of water and oxygen from these
forests but also I want to tell you
something that is
so fantastic that if you see this
picture and see in this picture that I ‘m going to
show now it’s the same place every
November
every November there are millions of
monarch butterflies that fill the sky with
orange and arrive at these places
for a very long time it was not known to
where they came from Mexico who these
butterflies but you only knew that
coincided with the first and with the 2 of
November which is more or less the date
in which these butterflies arrive and
coincides with the day of the dead
researchers in Canada and in states
united they lost track because each
October
suddenly the butterflies disappeared and
12 knew where they were going then there was a
mystery since there was a mystery here
it was not until the year of 1975 when
there was a first approximation of where
there were these butterflies for some
reason that we do not yet know by
complete the butterflies arrive and they
they peel in the oyamel trees that
are within the reserve of the
monarch butterfly biosphere can be seen
shows like this you can see
trees full and full of butterflies
if you have not had a chance to go up
the place I invite you to come and
that knows him is yours is everyone’s
the Mexicans and how they are and how this
it is from you I invite you to help me
to take care of him as he told them was
until the year of 1975 in January when
this person called catalina
watered down together with her husband kent brügger
they arrived at Cerro Pelón and discovered
the place where millions of
monarch butterflies and they formed their
colonies in these trees as they
I showed in the previous photos
They have been many
research
there are so many mysteries and let me
tell them what we know
so far I want you to follow me in this
map and let’s start at the blue dot
that is where we are, well, not
exactly where we are but this close to
zitácuaro equal in michoacán
in March the monarch butterflies were
they start to match, it starts to be more
heat and begin to make the days a
little bit longer
we do not perceive it so
easily but the butterflies and and this one
is the signal they feel to mate
and start traveling back to the
Southern United States
if you are following the arrows
from the blue point there are some arrows that
they go north
they were going to get south of Texas and it matches
just with the beginning of spring
which is when there are many plants
milkweed available for
butterflies put their eggs there
It is worth mentioning that they are the only
plants that eat the butterfly witches
do not eat corn do not eat leaves
banana do not eat leaves of any other
thing they only eat leaves of
milkweed then we continue with the
trip and these butterflies that came to the
south of texas lay the eggs of the
first generation
this first generation continues
traveling further north and this
first generation lives from five to
seven weeks
that is very important to take into account
because the cycles that drive the
insects are not as generous as
we in our life have more
days less days nothing happens but in
they cycles are very marked because
depend on the availability of
food and climate
comes the second generation that already
is occupying almost the central part of
the united states and continues to travel
northward
at this moment we are more or less
in July
if at this moment these butterflies put
the eggs of the second generation
action that also lives from five to
seven weeks and they continue traveling and
they come to the big lakes of
U.S
the third generation is born and also
he is five to seven weeks old
we are arriving as early as october september
October the eggs of the fourth are laid
generation and at this time and all the
geography of the united states has
populations of butterflies and then the
Fourth generation
born almost at the beginning of autumn
united states and canada that matches
with the shortest days and start to
be colder
then the butterflies begin to feel
the time to leave here is going to fall
the snow is going to be very cold it’s going
to finish the food then let’s go
Imagine where they believe they arrive
they come back to the same forests
where their great – grandmothers were not
we can still understand the magnitude
of this phenomenon but it’s one thing
impressive that only do these
butterflies do not and turtles do not
they do it and the whales do not
the salmon that are migratory
you are only and it is also a
Generation migration is not the
same as it came that it went that it came back
the way in which the amount is estimated
of butterflies that arrive in Mexico every
year is measuring the surface of the
forest
if you saw the photos where
they were dated in the trees you look
how many hectares are covered by
butterflies and you can have a
estimate of how many each arrived
year
if you are fixed from the year
2007
there seems to be a downward trend
it goes up a little bit it went down a
little bit up but a little
general is going down
so what does it give us to think that there is
some things that are happening that
they make fewer butterflies and there it is
where the problem comes, we are
changing ecosystems in such a way
that we are affecting populations
of the butterflies
Butterflies are an indicator
that we are altering our
ecosystem in a very very fast way
I told them that the only plants that
eat the butterflies are the cottons and
them and here is one of the first
problems those milkweed are the
plants that are there among the corn
the transgenic crops have become
increasingly attractive because they produce
more but they are crops that require
more chemicals and more products for
fight against pests and of course it
can apply many herbicides these
herbicides kill those plants that are
the only food sources of the
butterflies
then there I started to know our
influence on nature
if we increasingly consume more
corn of this type of corn every time
there will be less surface where
Butterflies can have their food
after all this history in
united states that is where it
reproduce the butterflies
we come to mexico imagine the
importance of those forests all the
population of the butterflies is in a
moment in the year here in Mexico and
happens what you are seeing in this figure
there is a wood extraction extracting
timber
that’s happening throughout the state it
continues to expand the crop
agricultural of whatever it is continues
cutting down the forests and we’re not
realizing all the benefit that
is giving us nature not us
we realize all the water that comes out of
those forests under an avocado crop
the avocado crop sucks water
unlike a forest that absorbs the
water then there has to be a
balance we can not continue
expanding us with all these crops
agricultural without a pacino a plan
imagine that every time is more
frequent this butterflies depend on
forest cover and density of
forest to form their colonies because
the forest protects them from being too
cold and very hot a lot of heat
if there are fewer you less
trees means that every time the
butterflies will have exposure
to more extremes of temperature there
what to do
I have already painted the panorama very
negative the proposal that I come to
bring is that we will be inspired justly
in the butterflies
get inspired by the butterfly to change
your actions
get inspired by what you do every day
because after all what happens to them
to the butterflies happens to us
we have to change our way of
to think that perhaps because we are Latinos do not
we can do things well we have to
do things right you have to do
things well we are agents of change and
so yes we continue to do
the same we continue affecting of the same
way we have to change our way
of thinking
you have to take responsibility for what
you do and not blame the other well
as I tell you that they travel so much are so
resistant so tenacious to get
always to the same forests
we have to keep up with the
conviction that we are going to do the
things you better have to resist
and Tilden you crazy because no
littering and Tilden you crazy
because he is already collecting your
organic and is saving here if already
does not ask for spot in the restaurant
you have to be very resistant to
keep those convictions
you have to change the habits of consumption
if we see that there are fewer butterflies
it means that we are producing
our foods with more chemicals if
is that there are more butterflies means that
we are producing our food
in a better way and one more way
healthy
you have to be strong
the butterflies are strong we
we have to be strong
we must stop blaming
others if it goes badly for us in
life
we carry the strength together
we think many times that another one touches him
another one has to change, I’m doing
things very well on the contrary we have
you realize that’s what
we make man and be supportive
with others when visitors
they come to these shrines every time
you realize how isolated we are from
nature
we think that nature is there
to give us a show once with time we see
the people that the closer you get
put on the butterflies and take it in the
serbia and it’s better
it’s time for us to do
responsible for the things we do
wrong
nature is not to give us a
show nature is so generous that
gives us everything without asking for anything in return
you have to think what you are
doing you to give back of the
same way in which the butterflies
they come to the same forests they are loyal
with its place
they love their place we have to love what
we have
nobody cares what he does not love and on the contrary
you care what you love the forest
nature are our best bulwark
we have to call him and take care of them
at the end of the day what we are going to achieve is
that future generations
See our example and through
our example continue to make the
things better
we have to do whatever it takes to make
our grandchildren and all the
generations that come can follow
watching the butterflies come to mexico
year with year
our responsibility is the most
important tool that we
we can have to be able to achieve
change is time to break boundaries is
romeo moment of breaking walls
the generations that come
by taking our example they have to
know that these butterflies show us
the example of how to do it are a
bridge that unites three countries
let’s go against the ideas that
we are receiving aggressively from the
media from other countries and everything and let’s make
bridges
Let’s break walls after all
will happen is that we are the
only hope for butterflies and
Butterflies are our hope too
thank you very much
[Applause]
”
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