no here is now the prof comes to us
explain politics then what a bore that
disgust
when I was invited here about three
months ago I thought but you go to one thing
interesting ted I like a beautiful one
challenge
then I can talk about the break sit in
fund I recently edited a volume on
you have heard that theme for a short time
you too were theresa may in florence e
so I had found my topic myself
I’m told go quiet to summer
in front of you will think about it the next day I go
to take a medical examination from the ophthalmologist
which makes me give and I have suffered
an impression a little strange a bit
you will perhaps remember the film the doctor
of the mutual guido tersilli inside a
patient on the other side thief here
how did you do what you’ve ever seen
first is the doctor what bay I teach
political science or this comes out of a row
patients waiting and said he teaches
politics you can imagine what it is
politics for you this always the doctor
to the patient who waited ugly
etc
so I said no now I have to
try to do something more I have to
try to put in the break sitma
to make a greater effort that has me
brought among other things to change a bit
even the title I do not know if you could but
I did it and what I want
talking has to do with the brad smith
because one of the processes to which
we assist in the last years in the last year
and a half of the victory of populism la
political crisis
and then the idea that I would like to bring you today
in these fourteen minutes and means that
I remain before entering the area
red of time not in this one
I am now really tied to the attempt
to put politics and time together
without hoping to bore you and then since
I like challenges I chose one
fairly challenging title for
stay in the world of cinema seems to be
having sex lies and videotape or 4
funeral wedding and my three title
times four books and a triangle and for
who wants too
papua new guinea and my topic
in reality it can be summarized in the
question of the three times
in essence we all tend to
evaluate what happens in our
period to the period of crisis like
we said before with glasses
blurred and can come back again
the eye doctor because we do not keep in
consideration that politics is
human activity and that when
we judge what happens in the
politics we must go on to follow
different times so I do not have one
answer on what I would do on mars then col
40 minutes more but my answer
summer was trying to bind a
some time to understand the relationship between
politics and time and then there are three
times in my opinion important in the
politics that are that of the
definition of twenty – five centuries ago of
aristotle of man as an animal
political and in this definition are
important both the noun and
the adjective the idea that we tend
all to sociality but that we are also
of animals and like all animals
we have instincts that sometimes
they prevail over reason when we do
we defend our group ours
our tribe’s family
the second half is that of the
democracy as you all know democracy
it is a concept whose etymology dates back
also in ancient Greece but the
today ‘s democracy and democracy
representative and from a different time
compared to that of democracy
therefore let us say substantially
the last century here, too, will save you
all the definitions but it’s important
because we can not project
back those that are the times of
politics we can not understand what
it happens today because we often stop
sometimes even after 1945
so the last 70 years when the idea
at least of democracy spreads in the
world
the last time as I mentioned it is that
of the crisis that of the rise of the
populism and the two phenomena of 2016 of
you all know
first referendum on the brigitte then the
Donald trump’s victory in the states
united
then I think these times yes
they can also a little see with a
parallel if you want a little forced too
there
I go back to anatomy medicine like
three organs of our body
in essence our brain is
evolved over the millennia but we
we still share the experts of today
science tells us 99 percent of it
our genetic heritage with the
chimpanzees so we have a part
very strong animal in our interior and
so here the brain can be
let’s say the ancient origins of the
policy
the heart is what beats for the
democracy in our societies all
we try to defend that little or a lot
of democracy that we have and also of
export it often without success
but so much so and finally there is the crisis the
crisis if you want you can associate it with
stomach liver at the capacity of
resist loss of work a
something we do not like
and then these three times go often
intertwined in a very complex way
within what we do in
politics and to help explain you better
how this happens
I refer to the four books I have
you seem interesting to give this
reading of politics and time is the
first book is what it was
written by an Italian physicist who works
in France maybe some of you have it
read now does not see who has read up
the hand the time order of Carlo
rovelli I see absolutely nothing goes
well someone will have read it because a
book that has made some success and
to which I inexperienced total in physics
I understood that in reality it is not
you need to go to mars to get one
different duration of time but enough too
measure the time between the plain and the and
the mountain
I also had two opposite reactions
reading this book on one side me
I am discouraged said I will never be in
able to write something like this
not even 90 years old
on the order of politics if anything
will be able to write an accurate book on
this theme but from the other it has me
stimulated to look for a track for
better explain what was going on
coming to mind about time and
politics and then the second book is a
book of an American social psychologist
he did too
much seen is called the tribal minds and
go back to the concept I was talking about earlier
to the idea that we have above all us
men we have all of the reactions
instinctive when we perceive a threat
a danger that it is real or not
what really matters is ours
perception and jonathan and wrote
this very interesting book in which
explains precisely what are ours
reactions to phenomena that frighten us and
that there is no that put us in
somehow difficulty this me
allows you to get to look for
explain the events I was talking about
first and that is trump and above all from
bradley
and this brings up the third book
written by a political journalist
British david drive presenting
this thesis in my opinion a lot
Interesting
the road somewhere is called and he says
in essence that today the conflict
political often transcends right and
left and is among the favorable and the
against globalization we have
heard a few minutes ago carlos say me
I feel like a citizen of the world is
what he says drives just that
that in our societies we can
divide the two groups those that him
call anywhere that is that they feel
just that they feel maybe first
place Italian and Portuguese Spaniards
what you want but feel at
very comfortable with the dynamics of the
globalization instead samuel those who
develop a territorial identity
that also perceive a fear one
fear compared to these dynamics of
opening up of globalization not
these people are necessarily
all racist xenofobes, he says
goodhart is often a component of a
hard core of these somewhere those
that they are really and racist, however
that has happened in our society is
that while in the political elites yes
narrowed the group of somewhere
we say in many societies, not all of them
in the population it expanded instead into
in an important way
this is one of the explanations that
they were provided at least for
evaluate what happened with the
referendum on the short sit the fear
of immigrants
and here he reached the last volume perhaps
this author some of you have it
heard because 30 years ago to the collapse of the
Berlin Wall
francis fukuyama became famous for one
thesis a little daring and his book yes
called the end of the story is
the last man and in this book fukuyama
he argued that with the collapse of communism
the liberaldemocrazia would spread
in the world
we know what unfortunately it is
success later and therefore ours
author did not give up he won
wrote join and here we find him
just with the origin of the order
political and an attempt to explain what
it is the importance of time in building
a society has a political system that
functions and then fukuyama offers us
three aspects I realize that I always have
I explain that it hovers above me then
they should not exaggerate, however, in reading
fukuyama I told myself this is
interesting and try to propose it and I have
added my thing this if you want
to the triangle of baldini was perhaps cured
better fukuyama baldini because then he
I put the substance there I put it
the form and fukuyama says that for one
system to make a system work
political need three things 1 state
built with an administration that is
but impersonal we return to the theme of
clan family of the tribe for
building an efficient state is necessary
recruit no in their brother cousin
wife in key places
but a process is a process
meritocratic and impersonal then it is necessary
a mechanism of legal certainty
if you want what we find even if
unfortunately often it is not respected in the
our parliaments the law is the same for
all not just for us ordinary citizens
but also for the powerful those who
they hold charges and finally a mechanism
of accountability that is to say who
he is in power must account for this
that makes and we citizens can decide
whether to confirm it or not in its role
now all this seems easy in
reality and very complex there are
companies in which there is only one of
these components but that they are not
democratic think of China China
one of the strongest second states
fukuyama is the country in which in reality
the state is born for the power of the
building qing dynasty
to the administration for the first time
in the II century BC and others
been that yesterday and that instead they succeed
more or less miraculously to respect
a little bit these three vertices of the triangle e
to place them even in balance between them
that is the true secret of the
politics and here the country we find at
center of the triangular denmark the
Denmark
according to many international rankings of
quality of democracy of
satisfaction of life is at the top is
but we know this even if 500
years ago they told us that there is something rotten
in denmark and for some aspects ce
it is also today in the sense that it does not exist
eldorado the country heaven on earth
and in Denmark, however, there is a respect
a balance between these criteria
and what does all this have to do with you?
with the brigitte has to do because the big
britain in the sequence of development
of these three vertices of the triangles has
followed a very different trajectory
compared to that of other countries
Europeans have developed sure first
vertex over the other also here and
I will spare you the details but
British membership of the community
then European union has always been
lived in a suffering way always of the
Britain has always been a partner
reluctant within the institutions
European
this 15 returns to reflect on
times of politics on the fact that in
that country was first in fact
a reference and obtained the referendum
to exit the European Union
the outcome was then what we know
now we do not know what will happen of the
process and this is one of the reasons for
which I did not want to talk about so much but
we know that process when I have
tried to show with this with
this new figure impacts on all
elements of the political order of that
country
so the lesson that comes to us from
this case at least is really linked
what I said at the beginning the idea
that is, our attitudes of
all of us are often tied to emotions
to rationality to elements that are
stratified over time and if this does not
he had not convinced you then, then
I’ll pop into space
report in papua new guinea country that
I know but where I’ve never been
maybe some lucky among you there
he went on vacation then on the other
part of the earth
we have a society a system
political in which even today in 2017
people who speak 900 languages live together
different
now the language was an element
fundamental to creating a community e
there you do not talk you do not understand a
a few tens of kilometers away
we are talking about rodigini with
Ferrara but Modena people who own
you do not understand and there in some way the
time seems to have stopped because
even today we vote for the famous tribes
van top and not only but you also try it
vote this is a widespread idea
within that society for a
big man that as you know it is often
also sought in other companies to us
closer
now it’s all this tells us that
the intertwining space time and complex that
politics even if it is not easy
it may be boring disgusting as mentioned
at the beginning as many believe it but
it deserves to be studied anyway
at least to understand it and the effort goes into
that direction
so it is the fact that the events of the
2016 drive the victory of trump
are episodic events or instead
destined to be the first two of others
events of that kind
obviously that thing there too
if so , only the
classic time
[Applause]
”
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