How humans are listening to the universe- Gravitational Waves | Dr.Parameswaran Ajith | TEDxBMSCE

good money again exactly hundred years

good money again exactly hundred years ago Ivan Einstein theoretically

ago Ivan Einstein theoretically

ago Ivan Einstein theoretically predicted the existence of gravitational

predicted the existence of gravitational

predicted the existence of gravitational waves today and will tell you how we can

waves today and will tell you how we can

waves today and will tell you how we can use these elusive ripples in space and

use these elusive ripples in space and

use these elusive ripples in space and time to observe the universe in a

time to observe the universe in a

time to observe the universe in a completely different manner so he

completely different manner so he

completely different manner so he started a bit of history the modern

started a bit of history the modern

started a bit of history the modern astronomy begins with telling you’ve led

astronomy begins with telling you’ve led

astronomy begins with telling you’ve led the Italian physicist astronomer

the Italian physicist astronomer

the Italian physicist astronomer mathematician engineer who lived in the

mathematician engineer who lived in the

mathematician engineer who lived in the 16th century

16th century

16th century four hundred years ago so Galileo made

four hundred years ago so Galileo made

four hundred years ago so Galileo made an remarkable instrument called the

an remarkable instrument called the

an remarkable instrument called the astronomical telescope and very he

astronomical telescope and very he

astronomical telescope and very he looked at least by using this telescope

looked at least by using this telescope

looked at least by using this telescope and he discovered something very very

and he discovered something very very

and he discovered something very very unusual

unusual

unusual he went from number and usual mysteries

he went from number and usual mysteries

he went from number and usual mysteries what is that for example when we look at

what is that for example when we look at

what is that for example when we look at the moon he found that the moon is not

the moon he found that the moon is not

the moon he found that the moon is not that perfect trans students fear until

that perfect trans students fear until

that perfect trans students fear until it was thought then it was instead

it was thought then it was instead

it was thought then it was instead marred by large mountains and craters

marred by large mountains and craters

marred by large mountains and craters except services no even more perfect

except services no even more perfect

except services no even more perfect than the surface of the earth so see he

than the surface of the earth so see he

than the surface of the earth so see he recorded his observations in his

recorded his observations in his

recorded his observations in his exclusive trains which are remarkable

exclusive trains which are remarkable

exclusive trains which are remarkable even now so when cally look at the

even now so when cally look at the

even now so when cally look at the geometry using his telescope again he

geometry using his telescope again he

geometry using his telescope again he saw three little objects moving around

saw three little objects moving around

saw three little objects moving around the Jupiter the moons of the Jupiter

the Jupiter the moons of the Jupiter

the Jupiter the moons of the Jupiter this is also completely unexpected

this is also completely unexpected

this is also completely unexpected because until then most of the

because until then most of the

because until then most of the philosophers believed that all the

philosophers believed that all the

philosophers believed that all the celestial or what is orbited the earth

celestial or what is orbited the earth

celestial or what is orbited the earth because the center of the universe after

because the center of the universe after

because the center of the universe after all so gather these discoveries

all so gather these discoveries

all so gather these discoveries challenged the people in early or the

challenged the people in early or the

challenged the people in early or the times and essentially became an integral

times and essentially became an integral

times and essentially became an integral part of what is called

part of what is called

part of what is called revolution and all of the modern science

revolution and all of the modern science

revolution and all of the modern science and technology essentially came after

and technology essentially came after

and technology essentially came after this movement so I would say that the

this movement so I would say that the

this movement so I would say that the astronomy has an important impact on our

astronomy has an important impact on our

astronomy has an important impact on our daily lives and that there the last

daily lives and that there the last

daily lives and that there the last century witnessed another major

century witnessed another major

century witnessed another major revolution Minister astronomy for

revolution Minister astronomy for

revolution Minister astronomy for example people realize that there is

example people realize that there is

example people realize that there is light then beyond the frequency bands of

light then beyond the frequency bands of

light then beyond the frequency bands of visible men come to the guillotine

visible men come to the guillotine

visible men come to the guillotine magnetic radiation so our human eye is

magnetic radiation so our human eye is

magnetic radiation so our human eye is sensitive to only a small extraction

sensitive to only a small extraction

sensitive to only a small extraction small range of frequencies of the full

small range of frequencies of the full

small range of frequencies of the full electromagnetic waves and for example

electromagnetic waves and for example

electromagnetic waves and for example radio waves microwaves x-rays etcetera

radio waves microwaves x-rays etcetera

radio waves microwaves x-rays etcetera and the last century scientists have

and the last century scientists have

and the last century scientists have built instruments that can detect light

built instruments that can detect light

built instruments that can detect light this invisible life of this various

this invisible life of this various

this invisible life of this various frequencies of the electromagnetic

frequencies of the electromagnetic

frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum and when they used these

spectrum and when they used these

spectrum and when they used these instruments to observe the universe it

instruments to observe the universe it

instruments to observe the universe it again into another big discovery and as

again into another big discovery and as

again into another big discovery and as again not a revolution are you say so

again not a revolution are you say so

again not a revolution are you say so for example if you look at the universe

for example if you look at the universe

for example if you look at the universe in microwaves what you get to see is a

in microwaves what you get to see is a

in microwaves what you get to see is a picture of the universe when it was only

picture of the universe when it was only

picture of the universe when it was only a four hundred thousand years old

a four hundred thousand years old

a four hundred thousand years old remember that how a universe is like 13

remember that how a universe is like 13

remember that how a universe is like 13 billion years old now so at this young

billion years old now so at this young

billion years old now so at this young age before the four hundred thousand

age before the four hundred thousand

age before the four hundred thousand years old the universe were just a bowl

years old the universe were just a bowl

years old the universe were just a bowl of hot gas so this for the regions shown

of hot gas so this for the regions shown

of hot gas so this for the regions shown in this red here since we became stars

in this red here since we became stars

in this red here since we became stars and galaxies and these blue regions that

and galaxies and these blue regions that

and galaxies and these blue regions that the cooler regions isn’t he became large

the cooler regions isn’t he became large

the cooler regions isn’t he became large intergalactic voids

intergalactic voids

intergalactic voids so it’s a bit afraid to say that

so it’s a bit afraid to say that

so it’s a bit afraid to say that essentially the entire information that

essentially the entire information that

essentially the entire information that we have we have about the universe it

we have we have about the universe it

we have we have about the universe it simply comes from astronomical

simply comes from astronomical

simply comes from astronomical observations of different frequencies of

observations of different frequencies of

observations of different frequencies of electromagnetic waves but recently

electromagnetic waves but recently

electromagnetic waves but recently sonic observations using completely

sonic observations using completely

sonic observations using completely different

different

different possible this is using gravitational

possible this is using gravitational

possible this is using gravitational base as I said earlier I mean Stein

base as I said earlier I mean Stein

base as I said earlier I mean Stein theoretically to the addictions to it

theoretically to the addictions to it

theoretically to the addictions to it gravitational waves exactly 800 years

gravitational waves exactly 800 years

gravitational waves exactly 800 years ago and father his theory of gravity

ago and father his theory of gravity

ago and father his theory of gravity called the general theory of relativity

called the general theory of relativity

called the general theory of relativity so the spirit predicts that any massive

so the spirit predicts that any massive

so the spirit predicts that any massive object like the earth curves the space

object like the earth curves the space

object like the earth curves the space and time around me too so so gravity is

and time around me too so so gravity is

and time around me too so so gravity is nothing but the curvature of space and

nothing but the curvature of space and

nothing but the curvature of space and time so since the space is curved like

time so since the space is curved like

time so since the space is curved like that usually challenged to a straight

that usually challenged to a straight

that usually challenged to a straight line start to bend near massive object

line start to bend near massive object

line start to bend near massive object what does need to come time it means

what does need to come time it means

what does need to come time it means that like that the time runs slower near

that like that the time runs slower near

that like that the time runs slower near massive object for example near a black

massive object for example near a black

massive object for example near a black hole or the surface of the earth it

hole or the surface of the earth it

hole or the surface of the earth it sounds completely ridiculous I know but

sounds completely ridiculous I know but

sounds completely ridiculous I know but these effects have been measured with

these effects have been measured with

these effects have been measured with remarkable accuracy by a number of

remarkable accuracy by a number of

remarkable accuracy by a number of laboratory tests as well as a freedom

laboratory tests as well as a freedom

laboratory tests as well as a freedom astronomy observations in fact we all

astronomy observations in fact we all

astronomy observations in fact we all use the predictions of Einstein’s theory

use the predictions of Einstein’s theory

use the predictions of Einstein’s theory no daily life for example I use

no daily life for example I use

no daily life for example I use Einstein’s theory to navigate myself to

Einstein’s theory to navigate myself to

Einstein’s theory to navigate myself to spend you this morning using a GPS so

spend you this morning using a GPS so

spend you this morning using a GPS so the the tiny slowing of tiny at the

the the tiny slowing of tiny at the

the the tiny slowing of tiny at the surface of the earth due to the mass of

surface of the earth due to the mass of

surface of the earth due to the mass of the Earth has to be precisely accounted

the Earth has to be precisely accounted

the Earth has to be precisely accounted for GPS system the work so I said

for GPS system the work so I said

for GPS system the work so I said Einsteins is object theory has already

Einsteins is object theory has already

Einsteins is object theory has already made in spirit of daily lives in

made in spirit of daily lives in

made in spirit of daily lives in technology so I said gravity is the

technology so I said gravity is the

technology so I said gravity is the curvatures

curvatures

curvatures phase and time so if objects move the

phase and time so if objects move the

phase and time so if objects move the motion of massive objects create ripples

motion of massive objects create ripples

motion of massive objects create ripples in space and time called gravitational

in space and time called gravitational

in space and time called gravitational waves so we expect a number of

waves so we expect a number of

waves so we expect a number of astronomer phenomena digital

astronomer phenomena digital

astronomer phenomena digital astronomical

astronomical

astronomical phenomena such as to to create

phenomena such as to to create

phenomena such as to to create gravitational waves for example the to

gravitational waves for example the to

gravitational waves for example the to compact stars orbiting each other in a

compact stars orbiting each other in a

compact stars orbiting each other in a binary system or when two black holes

binary system or when two black holes

binary system or when two black holes collide in a distant universe physical

collide in a distant universe physical

collide in a distant universe physical produce this ripples in space-time that

produce this ripples in space-time that

produce this ripples in space-time that propagates outwards and reaches and that

propagates outwards and reaches and that

propagates outwards and reaches and that could be potentially detect by observers

could be potentially detect by observers

could be potentially detect by observers in the earth so when the gravitational

in the earth so when the gravitational

in the earth so when the gravitational waves pass through the third they

waves pass through the third they

waves pass through the third they distort the space in a very

distort the space in a very

distort the space in a very characteristic fashion like moon dust by

characteristic fashion like moon dust by

characteristic fashion like moon dust by hearing tides on on the sets of the

hearing tides on on the sets of the

hearing tides on on the sets of the earth so specially doubt these waves

earth so specially doubt these waves

earth so specially doubt these waves create tides on their head but these

create tides on their head but these

create tides on their head but these distortions are extremely tiny for

distortions are extremely tiny for

distortions are extremely tiny for example when a gravitational first

example when a gravitational first

example when a gravitational first through the third the Earth’s diameter

through the third the Earth’s diameter

through the third the Earth’s diameter changes temporarily by a small amount by

changes temporarily by a small amount by

changes temporarily by a small amount by an amount that is compared to the size

an amount that is compared to the size

an amount that is compared to the size of a atomic nucleus extremely small but

of a atomic nucleus extremely small but

of a atomic nucleus extremely small but a large number of international at a

a large number of international at a

a large number of international at a large international collaboration of

large international collaboration of

large international collaboration of scientists and with ample now of the

scientists and with ample now of the

scientists and with ample now of the LIGO scientific collaboration in LIGO

LIGO scientific collaboration in LIGO

LIGO scientific collaboration in LIGO Bronco scientific collaboration has been

Bronco scientific collaboration has been

Bronco scientific collaboration has been engaged in an exciting search detectors

engaged in an exciting search detectors

engaged in an exciting search detectors tiny ripples in space-time with tiny

tiny ripples in space-time with tiny

tiny ripples in space-time with tiny perturbations in the space by using very

perturbations in the space by using very

perturbations in the space by using very large instruments called the light bulb

large instruments called the light bulb

large instruments called the light bulb and bring home observatories and they

and bring home observatories and they

and bring home observatories and they make the first success on the 14

make the first success on the 14

make the first success on the 14 September 2015

September 2015

September 2015 ladies and gentlemen we have detected

ladies and gentlemen we have detected

ladies and gentlemen we have detected gravitational waves we did it

gravitational waves we did it

gravitational waves we did it this is David I see the direction of the

this is David I see the direction of the

this is David I see the direction of the light laboratory in Champaign so this

light laboratory in Champaign so this

light laboratory in Champaign so this signal by studied observed signal the

signal by studied observed signal the

signal by studied observed signal the scientists have concluded that this is

scientists have concluded that this is

scientists have concluded that this is produced by the merger of two black

produced by the merger of two black

produced by the merger of two black holes at a distance of 1.3 billion light

holes at a distance of 1.3 billion light

holes at a distance of 1.3 billion light years earlier these black holes were 30

years earlier these black holes were 30

years earlier these black holes were 30 times as massive as the Sun and they

times as massive as the Sun and they

times as massive as the Sun and they managed to produce an even more massive

managed to produce an even more massive

managed to produce an even more massive black hole that is 60 times the mass of

black hole that is 60 times the mass of

black hole that is 60 times the mass of the Sun that is rapidly rotating in the

the Sun that is rapidly rotating in the

the Sun that is rapidly rotating in the entire history of astronomy this is the

entire history of astronomy this is the

entire history of astronomy this is the first time we are observing as the light

first time we are observing as the light

first time we are observing as the light signal from a black hole because by

signal from a black hole because by

signal from a black hole because by definition black holes do not emit any

definition black holes do not emit any

definition black holes do not emit any light so you cannot detect black holes

light so you cannot detect black holes

light so you cannot detect black holes when using any traditional ways of

when using any traditional ways of

when using any traditional ways of electromagnetic astronomy this is such

electromagnetic astronomy this is such

electromagnetic astronomy this is such an energetic even so that since if the

an energetic even so that since if the

an energetic even so that since if the energy release to the gravitational

energy release to the gravitational

energy release to the gravitational waves over an extremely small period of

waves over an extremely small period of

waves over an extremely small period of time

time

time a tiny fat from a second essentially it

a tiny fat from a second essentially it

a tiny fat from a second essentially it was larger than the luminosity of all

was larger than the luminosity of all

was larger than the luminosity of all the stars in the universe put together

the stars in the universe put together

the stars in the universe put together you could say that it outshines the

you could say that it outshines the

you could say that it outshines the entire visible universe in a tiny

entire visible universe in a tiny

entire visible universe in a tiny fraction of time by putting all this

fraction of time by putting all this

fraction of time by putting all this energy into gravitational waves so why

energy into gravitational waves so why

energy into gravitational waves so why is it isn’t it until a big discovery

is it isn’t it until a big discovery

is it isn’t it until a big discovery apart from proving Einsteins right this

apart from proving Einsteins right this

apart from proving Einsteins right this is essentially beginning a completely

is essentially beginning a completely

is essentially beginning a completely new way of looking at the universe it’s

new way of looking at the universe it’s

new way of looking at the universe it’s a completely new branch of astronomy so

a completely new branch of astronomy so

a completely new branch of astronomy so so I would say that it’s not a way of

so I would say that it’s not a way of

so I would say that it’s not a way of looking at the universe because the

looking at the universe because the

looking at the universe because the gravitational base that we can detect

gravitational base that we can detect

gravitational base that we can detect currently have the frequencies of the

currently have the frequencies of the

currently have the frequencies of the audio frequency man the frequency bands

audio frequency man the frequency bands

audio frequency man the frequency bands that can listen using our our ears so

that can listen using our our ears so

that can listen using our our ears so it’s more like listening to the universe

it’s more like listening to the universe

it’s more like listening to the universe gravitationally and astronomy is like

gravitationally and astronomy is like

gravitationally and astronomy is like listening to the universe

listening to the universe

listening to the universe so in this sense I can see that the

so in this sense I can see that the

so in this sense I can see that the future of astronomy is probably bright

future of astronomy is probably bright

future of astronomy is probably bright but it’s also very loud thank you very

but it’s also very loud thank you very

but it’s also very loud thank you very much