[Music]
the little one my dad always told me
in the story of two girls who had
received different gifts at Christmas the
Major had received a bicycle and
I was sad because I did not know
ride it and I felt sure I was going to
fall
besides it seemed that it probably
they were going to steal it because it was a time of
much insecurity and the little one had
received a hill today daughter but
I was happy because he said is that
They gave away a horse but it was a
ratico
I’m going to go after him and web and that
it was the logic in my family that
contradicted a lot with the logic that
there was usually in the country and that is
everything goes from bad to worse
everything that goes wrong can go no
all these logic much more
pessimists in my house
instead the rule was you have to be
optimistic of the horse and despite the
bankruptcy of the architectural sector
despite the divorces
despite the cancer, it had to be said
bad weather good face
You have to enjoy everything, everything always
get out better
maybe that’s why a few months ago in
twitter they told me so small and so
naive and I ‘m good
Well, I think that small but
Neither am I what I am
optimistic
so I would like to make a defense of
optimism a few years ago I had the
opportunity to be called to participate
in a peace process in colombia was the
2011 was still the beginning of the
possibility of having some contacts for
to be able to design a peace process with the
guerrilla of the farc and finish a
war over 50 years for me by
course it was a huge surprise
opportunity obviously gives me a lot
afraid to imagine what would be what I
I had to be doing there but
started a whole process
amazing to start trying
understand why this had existed
war and what the formulas will be
to try to finish
They spent several years of research
of preparation and when it came 2014
I had to go to Havana for a year and
medium
to work as a consultant on issues of
transitional justice and of victims and
it was a very interesting process but very
hard
had to be as they have been hearing
for eleven days it did not matter if it was
Saturday it did not matter if it was Sunday they were
lengthy sessions we had to
work from 8 in the morning many times
up to ten at night in situation is
supremely tense with a speaker
that for those of you who have heard
some of the guerrillas a few
minutes on radio will imagine what
means to be a year and a half
working with them every day and
trying to find points of
meeting despite thinking so
so different immense tensions inside
from the delegation itself a quantity of
them difficult to handle wear
it was not the family not seeing friends
the normal stresses of a process
peace of this style as there was
bombing and there were people dying of
one side and another and that means that
soon the process is going to stop everything is
threw to the ground that soon the president
he made an outgoing statement of tone and
then we lost favorability will be
which carries out the process
the tension was very high so
we put a rejection in the peace process
if one was going to do a criticism had
have a solution in some way
the rule was to move this
peace process
you have to be optimistic because if not this
it’s not going to come out and we were developing
a kind of methodology of
optimism
the first is that you had to have a
approach based on evidence that no
we could stay in the places
common in generalizations in the
conspiracy theories because by
that place we were not going to get
ana and you many of you maybe
I still think at that time I
I think most Colombians
they did not think so the guerrilla said
will never let the weapons never go to
stop drug dealers is a business
too profitable
nobody believes them but if one looked at the
evidence of the information that is
they had about the guerrillas because it started
to find different things
the guerrillas had begun to see how
different left groups had
come to power in Latin America and
start analyzing on your own
conversations between members of
secretariat to which he had access
then different military operations the
Colombian government because he was
that I really had analyzed that
they had a better chance if they
they did through politics instead of
by way of arms if it arrives in a
day or is not a different discussion
but they had already taken that
decision and perhaps the most
forceful that corroborated this was that
at the beginning the process was still in
these preliminary conversations before
of the exploratory phase the government takes
the decision to order the death of
khan who was the head of the secretariat of
the farc at that time and despite a
blow so hard that in any other
scenario would surely have taken
a guerrilla to retreat
even those contacts and not go to a
conversation process the farc
in spite of this, take the decision of
move forward in the peace process and
carry out the exploratory phase and
then the public phase
if one looks at the evidence and one
it remains in the common place of them never
they would leave the weapons because there is no process
of peace that could get ahead
the second and a fundamental strategy
we must be able to see in the crisis
opportunities because all circumstances
always has two faces and almost always
it’s much easier to criticize and say
does this do this if these risks and
in last see the glass more half
empty that half reaches so
we constantly try to
search despite all these crises of
all these difficult moments if
there could be some element of
opportunity in this new crisis that
we were fine
an example of this is that at the end of the
exploratory phase when this is achieved
general agreement
there was a lot of optimism between the
government delegation has finally been
managed to lower the guerrilla of the farc
of an agenda and message has been the
cagüán’s agenda the previous process
of peace in Colombia where they wanted
negotiate the divine and the human of the
national agenda and it had been achieved that
only five points will be reached
specific on which it could be
build an agreement it was believed that the
agreement to be months and not years and
however the FARC designates as chief
from his delegation to Ivan Marquez the
most critical person of the peace process
between the guerrilla that had
uttered totally against that by
course arrives ao
the first meeting of the public phase
of the peace process
in a super strong speech against
of the agenda itself and trying to say
here we have to go much further
if one is pessimistic the first thing that
think is this is over we lost everything
this time we touch maybe start
zero
we probably have to go to war
more time before this can be
turn into a peace process but if
one tries to look at the opportunity the
true crisis of the case is that if we
it was going to take a lot longer as in effect
happened but what happened is that the
most radical sector of the FARC
was adding to the negotiation and that
once we reach a final agreement and
we will also have the
participation of that sector more
radical
but maybe the most strategy
important of the optimist is to be
open to change your mind is
open to recognize that perhaps we
We were wrong that we did not see enough
elements that the scenario changed and be
able to go back and change
position and the most important moment
in which that happened throughout
this peace process
It was on October 2, 2016
Colombia went to the polls to a plebiscite
to make the decision as Colombians
he said we approved we rejected that
peace agreement and paradoxically in
against all the surveys against
of everything that had been said
publicly he does not win these
elections all of us who had
worked in the peace process we had
said this is the best possible agreement
it was not possible to go further if he wins
he does not
the process is over we have to go back to the
war and there was no alternative
different than saying we recognize the
error we can not return to the
war
we have to look for alternatives there
try to understand what it was that those
sectors saw that you could try to
change starts a whole phase of
renegotiation of the agreement and then
subsequently approved at the congress
of the republic
if one does not part the possibility of
change your mind to transform
according to new scenarios for no
can have an optimistic attitude
today colombia is facing a
supremely difficult scenario
surely many of those who are
here can imagine that the guerrilla not
deliver
all weapons that some weapons are
will surely keep many of you
they will think that there are some of the coves
that they are not going to deliver that they are going to
stay with some money
we all know that the arrival of the state
to the areas most affected by the
conflict is supremely slow and
difficult and worse than worse we are
facing an electoral scenario is
say the peace process has gotten into
half of a presidency campaign
the scenario is very difficult but we
we find at the same time before a
historical opportunity that is to have
finished an armed conflict of more than
50 years and we owe as Colombians
to be optimistic about that reality
first of all because they have been delivered
more than seven thousand individual weapons
because more than 3,000 have been destroyed
caletas
those are heaps of weapons that save
lives
It is not strange why we are today
in the lowest homicide rate
the last 40 years in 2012 it
registered for this year 850 thousand
victims per year
this year they have registered the year
past 81,000 victims is still a
very high proportion but it is 10% what
we registered when we had the
most hostile armed conflicts of the
region
we are a country that is finally
growing in tourism last year
we received 5 million tourists
it is supposed that this year if we continue with
the growth curve we will get to
7 million tourists last
in colombia we are allocating resources
from the royalty fund to the roads
rural than if many of us
urban citizens we do not use but that of
it depends on all the peasants
they need to be able to take out their products
and have an economically stable life
they need
finally resources are being allocated
that fund for rural roads in 25
years of the political constitution of
1991 in Colombia we had not achieved
fulfill the promise a statute of the
opposition
today is the law of the republic a statute
of the opposition in Colombia
the magistrates almost always chose
a logic very clienteles very of
elite that the courts post on one side
that the presidents are running for another and
they were chosen today we have the first
fully public process
choice of magistrates of the
special tribunal for peace is a
process in which any citizen
that meets the requirements can be
apply with public criteria
we had never experienced that
we face a country where we also
there is a separation of powers
perhaps one of the biggest challenges of
the implementation of the peace agreement is
that of seven of the rules he has
revised the constitutional court has
lying down 3 is to say that this is not a
process where there is absolute unanimity
on the contrary it shows a process and a
healthy country a democracy where there is
a separation of powers
we are also facing a scenario
economic where even though we
they had raised a very
difficult because of oil prices and
without a doubt it is because Colombia in all
case according to the projections is going to
end up growing at 2 percent not
we are entering a recession and we are one of
the strongest economies of the
region that is supremely beaten
for the oil crisis and more
impressive still colombia that there was
always been the recipient of advice
international cooperation in resources
technical cooperation countries
different places telling us how the
what we had to do to replicate
here there
today the world is asking us to
us that we help them solve
Conflict is telling us the
savior that how we help them
solve the transitional justice that
they did not do 25 years ago we
is saying ‘me and markets and they
we help to set up a land agreement
like the one that was set up in our process
of peace sir lanka is telling us that
can they learn from our
plebiscite for your referendum
constitutional
then one can always look at
things in two ways
one can be more optimistic or more
pessimistic because always the scenarios
they are difficult
I invite you to each of you
be that girl who goes out to pursue her
horse thank you very much
[Applause]
[Music]
to
i
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