[Music] one three dimethyl xanthine one three
one three dimethyl xanthine one three
one three dimethyl xanthine one three that methyl xanthine that doesn’t sound
that methyl xanthine that doesn’t sound
that methyl xanthine that doesn’t sound like something you want in your body
like something you want in your body
like something you want in your body what did you have for breakfast oh one
what did you have for breakfast oh one
what did you have for breakfast oh one three mess was anything over pancakes
three mess was anything over pancakes
three mess was anything over pancakes scrambled eggs well I had it in my body
scrambled eggs well I had it in my body
scrambled eggs well I had it in my body I had into my body you see a while ago
I had into my body you see a while ago
I had into my body you see a while ago when I was younger I was in graduate
when I was younger I was in graduate
when I was younger I was in graduate school and I needed some money so what
school and I needed some money so what
school and I needed some money so what do you do you need money you’re a young
do you do you need money you’re a young
do you do you need money you’re a young man in graduate school you’re enrolled
man in graduate school you’re enrolled
man in graduate school you’re enrolled in a clinical trial that’s what I did
in a clinical trial that’s what I did
in a clinical trial that’s what I did and they put a catheter in my arm and
and they put a catheter in my arm and
and they put a catheter in my arm and they put this one three dive man throws
they put this one three dive man throws
they put this one three dive man throws anything into my veins yeah
anything into my veins yeah
anything into my veins yeah I didn’t I had no idea what 1/3 thought
I didn’t I had no idea what 1/3 thought
I didn’t I had no idea what 1/3 thought meant the same thing was but they did
meant the same thing was but they did
meant the same thing was but they did tell me what they were trying to do was
tell me what they were trying to do was
tell me what they were trying to do was figure out how long it would stay on my
figure out how long it would stay on my
figure out how long it would stay on my body so that’s what we did we sat around
body so that’s what we did we sat around
body so that’s what we did we sat around and we waited for this stuff to get out
and we waited for this stuff to get out
and we waited for this stuff to get out of my body now what I didn’t tell you
of my body now what I didn’t tell you
of my body now what I didn’t tell you though was that 1/3 that methyl xanthine
though was that 1/3 that methyl xanthine
though was that 1/3 that methyl xanthine is a cousin biochemically to caffeine a
is a cousin biochemically to caffeine a
is a cousin biochemically to caffeine a thousand times more potent than caffeine
thousand times more potent than caffeine
thousand times more potent than caffeine so I got this injection on a Friday
so I got this injection on a Friday
so I got this injection on a Friday afternoon at around 2:00 o’clock I went
afternoon at around 2:00 o’clock I went
afternoon at around 2:00 o’clock I went to bed Tuesday morning at 4:00 because
to bed Tuesday morning at 4:00 because
to bed Tuesday morning at 4:00 because of the caffeine so now we know how long
of the caffeine so now we know how long
of the caffeine so now we know how long 1/3 that methyl xanthine will stay in at
1/3 that methyl xanthine will stay in at
1/3 that methyl xanthine will stay in at least one body well that was a clinical
least one body well that was a clinical
least one body well that was a clinical trial that used many subjects just like
trial that used many subjects just like
trial that used many subjects just like me to understand the biochemistry of
me to understand the biochemistry of
me to understand the biochemistry of this particular medication and we didn’t
this particular medication and we didn’t
this particular medication and we didn’t know what it was but we did know that we
know what it was but we did know that we
know what it was but we did know that we had to find out what this answer was so
had to find out what this answer was so
had to find out what this answer was so what I’m going to talk to you today
what I’m going to talk to you today
what I’m going to talk to you today about is how we can collectively help
about is how we can collectively help
about is how we can collectively help cure disease now if I told you that the
cure disease now if I told you that the
cure disease now if I told you that the cure to cancer was in your body would
cure to cancer was in your body would
cure to cancer was in your body would you give it to me would you give it to
you give it to me would you give it to
you give it to me would you give it to your grandma would you give it to your
your grandma would you give it to your
your grandma would you give it to your granddad would you give it to somebody
granddad would you give it to somebody
granddad would you give it to somebody you didn’t like I didn’t know didn’t
you didn’t like I didn’t know didn’t
you didn’t like I didn’t know didn’t care about that didn’t give you pancakes
care about that didn’t give you pancakes
care about that didn’t give you pancakes would you give it to them I would if I
would you give it to them I would if I
would you give it to them I would if I had the cure to cancer in my body I’d
had the cure to cancer in my body I’d
had the cure to cancer in my body I’d give it to everybody that’s what this
give it to everybody that’s what this
give it to everybody that’s what this talk is about crowdsourcing the cures
talk is about crowdsourcing the cures
talk is about crowdsourcing the cures the cures to cancer and many other
the cures to cancer and many other
the cures to cancer and many other diseases so we’re gonna talk about
diseases so we’re gonna talk about
diseases so we’re gonna talk about clinical trials today and that’s first
clinical trials today and that’s first
clinical trials today and that’s first thing I’d like to tell you is that we’ve
thing I’d like to tell you is that we’ve
thing I’d like to tell you is that we’ve done clinical trials before we have a
done clinical trials before we have a
done clinical trials before we have a lot of information that we got from
lot of information that we got from
lot of information that we got from clinical trials and here’s some of it so
clinical trials and here’s some of it so
clinical trials and here’s some of it so moderate alcohol consumption turns out
moderate alcohol consumption turns out
moderate alcohol consumption turns out is good for your heart
is good for your heart
is good for your heart who knows clinical trial told us that
who knows clinical trial told us that
who knows clinical trial told us that blood pressure increases high blood
blood pressure increases high blood
blood pressure increases high blood pressure increases
pressure increases
pressure increases risk of heart attacks and stroke
risk of heart attacks and stroke
risk of heart attacks and stroke clinical trials told us that the
clinical trials told us that the
clinical trials told us that the increase of that healthy cholesterol
increase of that healthy cholesterol
increase of that healthy cholesterol that they call l h LD that cholesterol
that they call l h LD that cholesterol
that they call l h LD that cholesterol well it reduces the risk of
well it reduces the risk of
well it reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease clinical trials
cardiovascular disease clinical trials
cardiovascular disease clinical trials told us this and here’s one that
told us this and here’s one that
told us this and here’s one that clinical trials we probably didn’t need
clinical trials we probably didn’t need
clinical trials we probably didn’t need a clinical trial for that but it told us
a clinical trial for that but it told us
a clinical trial for that but it told us that smoking was bad for you if you
that smoking was bad for you if you
that smoking was bad for you if you smoke stop if you don’t smoke don’t
smoke stop if you don’t smoke don’t
smoke stop if you don’t smoke don’t start clinical trials told us that too
start clinical trials told us that too
start clinical trials told us that too and leafy green vegetables are good for
and leafy green vegetables are good for
and leafy green vegetables are good for your brain your brain loves that stuff
your brain your brain loves that stuff
your brain your brain loves that stuff and the last one I tell you about is
and the last one I tell you about is
and the last one I tell you about is that exercise we know exercise helps
that exercise we know exercise helps
that exercise we know exercise helps everything it makes you thinner it makes
everything it makes you thinner it makes
everything it makes you thinner it makes you more beautiful it grows hair i’ll
you more beautiful it grows hair i’ll
you more beautiful it grows hair i’ll trial haven’t quite got there yet all of
trial haven’t quite got there yet all of
trial haven’t quite got there yet all of this came from clinical trials and this
this came from clinical trials and this
this came from clinical trials and this is probably your image of a clinical
is probably your image of a clinical
is probably your image of a clinical trial but what if i told you that this
trial but what if i told you that this
trial but what if i told you that this was the image of a clinical trial where
was the image of a clinical trial where
was the image of a clinical trial where you have patient or what we call
you have patient or what we call
you have patient or what we call participants subjects working
participants subjects working
participants subjects working individually with their doctor with the
individually with their doctor with the
individually with their doctor with the principal investigator of that clinical
principal investigator of that clinical
principal investigator of that clinical trial we call them P eyes this is a more
trial we call them P eyes this is a more
trial we call them P eyes this is a more accurate vision of what clinical trials
accurate vision of what clinical trials
accurate vision of what clinical trials are this is certainly what I experienced
are this is certainly what I experienced
are this is certainly what I experienced and studies have shown that people in a
and studies have shown that people in a
and studies have shown that people in a clinical trial get the best care they
clinical trial get the best care they
clinical trial get the best care they get care that’s better than anyone else
get care that’s better than anyone else
get care that’s better than anyone else because they have a team of doctors and
because they have a team of doctors and
because they have a team of doctors and physicians and clinicians working with
physicians and clinicians working with
physicians and clinicians working with them well I want to tell you about what
them well I want to tell you about what
them well I want to tell you about what clinical trials are and how they are put
clinical trials are and how they are put
clinical trials are and how they are put together they are essentially put into
together they are essentially put into
together they are essentially put into three broad categories and we call them
three broad categories and we call them
three broad categories and we call them phases and each phase is designed to
phases and each phase is designed to
phases and each phase is designed to answer a specific question so phase one
answer a specific question so phase one
answer a specific question so phase one as this question is it safe now that’s a
as this question is it safe now that’s a
as this question is it safe now that’s a scary part for most people but let me
scary part for most people but let me
scary part for most people but let me tell you before they can put anything in
tell you before they can put anything in
tell you before they can put anything in a human it’s already been gone through
a human it’s already been gone through
a human it’s already been gone through it has gone through many preclinical
it has gone through many preclinical
it has gone through many preclinical tests to identify its safety profile so
tests to identify its safety profile so
tests to identify its safety profile so this question really is if it is it as
this question really is if it is it as
this question really is if it is it as safe as we think it is that’s what this
safe as we think it is that’s what this
safe as we think it is that’s what this question is so phase one answers this
question is so phase one answers this
question is so phase one answers this question is it as safe as we think it is
question is it as safe as we think it is
question is it as safe as we think it is when that answer is yes the next
when that answer is yes the next
when that answer is yes the next question is in Phase two of the clinical
question is in Phase two of the clinical
question is in Phase two of the clinical trial does it work so we think it’s
trial does it work so we think it’s
trial does it work so we think it’s going to do this we’re gonna shut down
going to do this we’re gonna shut down
going to do this we’re gonna shut down this biochemical pathway which will
this biochemical pathway which will
this biochemical pathway which will starve the tumor of nutrients it needs
starve the tumor of nutrients it needs
starve the tumor of nutrients it needs and the tumor will die does it really do
and the tumor will die does it really do
and the tumor will die does it really do that stage two helps us do that then the
that stage two helps us do that then the
that stage two helps us do that then the last one is phase 3 is it better than
last one is phase 3 is it better than
last one is phase 3 is it better than what we’re using already
what we’re using already
what we’re using already that’s what phase 3 does and when they
that’s what phase 3 does and when they
that’s what phase 3 does and when they do phase 1 trials they use a few people
do phase 1 trials they use a few people
do phase 1 trials they use a few people they use phase TrueType trials they use
they use phase TrueType trials they use
they use phase TrueType trials they use more people and then phase 3 trials or
more people and then phase 3 trials or
more people and then phase 3 trials or masses of people that’s where you and I
masses of people that’s where you and I
masses of people that’s where you and I come in phase 3 trials is it better than
come in phase 3 trials is it better than
come in phase 3 trials is it better than what we’re using already well you have
what we’re using already well you have
what we’re using already well you have these 3 phases phase 1 is it safer than
these 3 phases phase 1 is it safer than
these 3 phases phase 1 is it safer than what we think it is phase 2 does it work
what we think it is phase 2 does it work
what we think it is phase 2 does it work better than what we have in phase 3 is
better than what we have in phase 3 is
better than what we have in phase 3 is it better than what we have now you
it better than what we have now you
it better than what we have now you might think that doctors can do this
might think that doctors can do this
might think that doctors can do this research all by themselves just hang out
research all by themselves just hang out
research all by themselves just hang out their shingle put on the white coat and
their shingle put on the white coat and
their shingle put on the white coat and go to town but it’s a little different
go to town but it’s a little different
go to town but it’s a little different than that from that they have some
than that from that they have some
than that from that they have some regulatory controls that are put on them
regulatory controls that are put on them
regulatory controls that are put on them and it comes in the form of the
and it comes in the form of the
and it comes in the form of the institutional review board every phase
institutional review board every phase
institutional review board every phase of a clinical trial has to have the
of a clinical trial has to have the
of a clinical trial has to have the management of a institutional review
management of a institutional review
management of a institutional review board to make sure they have one goal
board to make sure they have one goal
board to make sure they have one goal and that’s to make sure that patients
and that’s to make sure that patients
and that’s to make sure that patients are protected that’s the only goal of
are protected that’s the only goal of
are protected that’s the only goal of the institutional review board now you
the institutional review board now you
the institutional review board now you may think that it’s just a bunch of
may think that it’s just a bunch of
may think that it’s just a bunch of doctors who are kind of chummy with each
doctors who are kind of chummy with each
doctors who are kind of chummy with each other and they’ve taken care of each
other and they’ve taken care of each
other and they’ve taken care of each other you’ve approved my trial I’ll
other you’ve approved my trial I’ll
other you’ve approved my trial I’ll approve yours yeah no no the
approve yours yeah no no the
approve yours yeah no no the institutional review board is made up of
institutional review board is made up of
institutional review board is made up of individuals just like you and me patient
individuals just like you and me patient
individuals just like you and me patient advocates sure there are doctors there
advocates sure there are doctors there
advocates sure there are doctors there but there are patient advocates
but there are patient advocates
but there are patient advocates sometimes there are patients on these
sometimes there are patients on these
sometimes there are patients on these institutional review boards and everyone
institutional review boards and everyone
institutional review boards and everyone in this room can qualify to sit on an
in this room can qualify to sit on an
in this room can qualify to sit on an institutional review board one of the
institutional review board one of the
institutional review board one of the things that they take care of is this
things that they take care of is this
things that they take care of is this integrity of the research to make sure
integrity of the research to make sure
integrity of the research to make sure that all of the different components
that all of the different components
that all of the different components that leads into patient safety is
that leads into patient safety is
that leads into patient safety is maintained in the control in the trial
maintained in the control in the trial
maintained in the control in the trial so this is how they do that
so this is how they do that
so this is how they do that first they have the informed consent the
first they have the informed consent the
first they have the informed consent the informed consent simply means that
informed consent simply means that
informed consent simply means that anyone considering enrolling in a
anyone considering enrolling in a
anyone considering enrolling in a clinical trial
clinical trial
clinical trial they must be educated about every
they must be educated about every
they must be educated about every potential problem with that trial
potential problem with that trial
potential problem with that trial everything that’s going on in that trial
everything that’s going on in that trial
everything that’s going on in that trial everything that’s going to happen to
everything that’s going to happen to
everything that’s going to happen to them for them and because of them has to
them for them and because of them has to
them for them and because of them has to be in that consent form and people just
be in that consent form and people just
be in that consent form and people just like you review that consent form and
like you review that consent form and
like you review that consent form and say yeah this meets our standards
say yeah this meets our standards
say yeah this meets our standards everyone in a clinical trial gets the
everyone in a clinical trial gets the
everyone in a clinical trial gets the standard of care because remember
standard of care because remember
standard of care because remember they’re comparing is it better than what
they’re comparing is it better than what
they’re comparing is it better than what we have already so if you eat broccoli
we have already so if you eat broccoli
we have already so if you eat broccoli to cure the cold and you’re in a
to cure the cold and you’re in a
to cure the cold and you’re in a clinical trial guess what they’re gonna
clinical trial guess what they’re gonna
clinical trial guess what they’re gonna feed you broccoli too along with what
feed you broccoli too along with what
feed you broccoli too along with what they think is gonna cure the common cold
they think is gonna cure the common cold
they think is gonna cure the common cold that’s the standard of care and
that’s the standard of care and
that’s the standard of care and everybody gets that there’s also a risk
everybody gets that there’s also a risk
everybody gets that there’s also a risk benefit analysis and that’s where you
benefit analysis and that’s where you
benefit analysis and that’s where you take into account the risk of been in a
take into account the risk of been in a
take into account the risk of been in a clinical trial because yes there are
clinical trial because yes there are
clinical trial because yes there are some unknowns against the benefit of
some unknowns against the benefit of
some unknowns against the benefit of being in that clinical trial and you
being in that clinical trial and you
being in that clinical trial and you have to array that so clinical trial is
have to array that so clinical trial is
have to array that so clinical trial is a part of the continuum of discovery
a part of the continuum of discovery
a part of the continuum of discovery once we find a drug that works in the
once we find a drug that works in the
once we find a drug that works in the laboratory we need to test that thing in
laboratory we need to test that thing in
laboratory we need to test that thing in people first would a few then a little
people first would a few then a little
people first would a few then a little more and then a little more I say that
more and then a little more I say that
more and then a little more I say that the answer to this cancer problem is in
the answer to this cancer problem is in
the answer to this cancer problem is in this room in somebody’s body in all of
this room in somebody’s body in all of
this room in somebody’s body in all of our bodies but we need to be part of a
our bodies but we need to be part of a
our bodies but we need to be part of a clinical trial so that they can find it
clinical trial so that they can find it
clinical trial so that they can find it one of the other things with the
one of the other things with the
one of the other things with the clinical trial to make sure that
clinical trial to make sure that
clinical trial to make sure that everybody has the role to participate if
everybody has the role to participate if
everybody has the role to participate if you can want to participate you should
you can want to participate you should
you can want to participate you should be able to so that we don’t have
be able to so that we don’t have
be able to so that we don’t have clinical trials that look like this one
clinical trials that look like this one
clinical trials that look like this one type of person in the whole trial well
type of person in the whole trial well
type of person in the whole trial well people are different give you an example
people are different give you an example
people are different give you an example when I get a headache I take
when I get a headache I take
when I get a headache I take acetaminophen when my wife gets a
acetaminophen when my wife gets a
acetaminophen when my wife gets a headache
headache
headache she takes ibuprofen ibuprofen does
she takes ibuprofen ibuprofen does
she takes ibuprofen ibuprofen does nothing for my headache but it works
nothing for my headache but it works
nothing for my headache but it works great for her we are different in that
great for her we are different in that
great for her we are different in that way so we’re different in that way
way so we’re different in that way
way so we’re different in that way imagine how different we are when it
imagine how different we are when it
imagine how different we are when it comes to cancer therapy some of the most
comes to cancer therapy some of the most
comes to cancer therapy some of the most complex diseases on the planet we could
complex diseases on the planet we could
complex diseases on the planet we could be very different and we may never know
be very different and we may never know
be very different and we may never know it
it
it we don’t participate in clinical trials
we don’t participate in clinical trials
we don’t participate in clinical trials remember that one three that methods
remember that one three that methods
remember that one three that methods anything this is what came from the
anything this is what came from the
anything this is what came from the study I was in the dose the dose must be
study I was in the dose the dose must be
study I was in the dose the dose must be individualized on the basis of serum
individualized on the basis of serum
individualized on the basis of serum concentration measurements in order to
concentration measurements in order to
concentration measurements in order to achieve a dose that will provide the
achieve a dose that will provide the
achieve a dose that will provide the maximum potential benefit with minimal
maximum potential benefit with minimal
maximum potential benefit with minimal risk of adverse events what that really
risk of adverse events what that really
risk of adverse events what that really means is the dose is not a
means is the dose is not a
means is the dose is not a one-size-fits-all that you have to check
one-size-fits-all that you have to check
one-size-fits-all that you have to check this thing to make sure it’s the right
this thing to make sure it’s the right
this thing to make sure it’s the right dose for the right person and now I can
dose for the right person and now I can
dose for the right person and now I can tell you what one three dimethyl the
tell you what one three dimethyl the
tell you what one three dimethyl the same thing is you don’t put it on your
same thing is you don’t put it on your
same thing is you don’t put it on your pancakes you breathe it
pancakes you breathe it
pancakes you breathe it it is a asthma medication for kids a
it is a asthma medication for kids a
it is a asthma medication for kids a pediatric asthma medication and now they
pediatric asthma medication and now they
pediatric asthma medication and now they know that the dose is not a one size fit
know that the dose is not a one size fit
know that the dose is not a one size fit all for every child I help them find
all for every child I help them find
all for every child I help them find that so when that single parent is
that so when that single parent is
that so when that single parent is laboring over her child who scratch it
laboring over her child who scratch it
laboring over her child who scratch it out and labor and trying to get that
out and labor and trying to get that
out and labor and trying to get that next breath or sweet oxygen that we all
next breath or sweet oxygen that we all
next breath or sweet oxygen that we all love and they’re trying to get it they
love and they’re trying to get it they
love and they’re trying to get it they give their child one three dimethyl
give their child one three dimethyl
give their child one three dimethyl anything I like to think a night that
anything I like to think a night that
anything I like to think a night that there’s somebody’s may be a single
there’s somebody’s may be a single
there’s somebody’s may be a single parent who says this is the miracle drug
parent who says this is the miracle drug
parent who says this is the miracle drug I have to find out what this drug is
I have to find out what this drug is
I have to find out what this drug is they go to their medicine cabinet and
they go to their medicine cabinet and
they go to their medicine cabinet and they take this drug and they read it
they take this drug and they read it
they take this drug and they read it they read the label what they see is not
they read the label what they see is not
they read the label what they see is not gonna be my name it’s gonna be one three
gonna be my name it’s gonna be one three
gonna be my name it’s gonna be one three that methyl xanthine the dose must be
that methyl xanthine the dose must be
that methyl xanthine the dose must be individualized that’s my claim to fame
individualized that’s my claim to fame
individualized that’s my claim to fame because I was in a clinical trial before
because I was in a clinical trial before
because I was in a clinical trial before I go is one thing I want to do I want to
I go is one thing I want to do I want to
I go is one thing I want to do I want to take issue with the term that we use
take issue with the term that we use
take issue with the term that we use when someone dies from cancer we often
when someone dies from cancer we often
when someone dies from cancer we often say that they lost their battle with
say that they lost their battle with
say that they lost their battle with cancer the people I know had cancer went
cancer the people I know had cancer went
cancer the people I know had cancer went to work they started educating people so
to work they started educating people so
to work they started educating people so that no one else would have to suffer
that no one else would have to suffer
that no one else would have to suffer with the disease like they did they go
with the disease like they did they go
with the disease like they did they go to work to make sure that there’s
to work to make sure that there’s
to work to make sure that there’s funding for research they go out there
funding for research they go out there
funding for research they go out there and start talking about clinical trials
and start talking about clinical trials
and start talking about clinical trials and the benefits of participating in my
and the benefits of participating in my
and the benefits of participating in my view that’s not losing the bad
view that’s not losing the bad
view that’s not losing the bad thanks to some of the people I’ve known
thanks to some of the people I’ve known
thanks to some of the people I’ve known who’ve gone on millions of people
who’ve gone on millions of people
who’ve gone on millions of people understand the risk of breast cancer and
understand the risk of breast cancer and
understand the risk of breast cancer and those are just the ones that I know
those are just the ones that I know
those are just the ones that I know that’s not losing the battle in my mind
that’s not losing the battle in my mind
that’s not losing the battle in my mind they’re passing the torch they passed
they’re passing the torch they passed
they’re passing the torch they passed the torch to me and they passed the
the torch to me and they passed the
the torch to me and they passed the torch to you and they’re going down the
torch to you and they’re going down the
torch to you and they’re going down the only way that we can thank them the only
only way that we can thank them the only
only way that we can thank them the only way that we can move progress forward is
way that we can move progress forward is
way that we can move progress forward is to participate in the clinical trial
to participate in the clinical trial
to participate in the clinical trial continuum maybe being a patient is not
continuum maybe being a patient is not
continuum maybe being a patient is not for you but being on that institutional
for you but being on that institutional
for you but being on that institutional review board could be so the next time
review board could be so the next time
review board could be so the next time someone asked you what you want in your
someone asked you what you want in your
someone asked you what you want in your pancakes tell them 1 3 dimethyl xanthine
pancakes tell them 1 3 dimethyl xanthine
pancakes tell them 1 3 dimethyl xanthine thank you everybody
thank you everybody
thank you everybody thank you
thank you
thank you [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
”
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