how many of us have rejected shun or ignore medications just because the
ignore medications just because the
ignore medications just because the treatment is worse than the disease how
treatment is worse than the disease how
treatment is worse than the disease how many of us have taken
many of us have taken
many of us have taken anti-inflammatories to come to the
anti-inflammatories to come to the
anti-inflammatories to come to the realization that the side effects are as
realization that the side effects are as
realization that the side effects are as warz as the disease symptoms
warz as the disease symptoms
warz as the disease symptoms breakthroughs in precision medicine and
breakthroughs in precision medicine and
breakthroughs in precision medicine and health going on at Virginia Tech are
health going on at Virginia Tech are
health going on at Virginia Tech are about to change this trend Virginia Tech
about to change this trend Virginia Tech
about to change this trend Virginia Tech has a unique opportunity to profoundly
has a unique opportunity to profoundly
has a unique opportunity to profoundly change the drug development landscape in
change the drug development landscape in
change the drug development landscape in the US and globally let the food be thy
the US and globally let the food be thy
the US and globally let the food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food hi
medicine and medicine be thy food hi
medicine and medicine be thy food hi pocket is the father of modern medicine
pocket is the father of modern medicine
pocket is the father of modern medicine who is portrayed as the Paragon as the
who is portrayed as the Paragon as the
who is portrayed as the Paragon as the ancient Greek physician had a clear
ancient Greek physician had a clear
ancient Greek physician had a clear understanding of the connections between
understanding of the connections between
understanding of the connections between food and medicine the medicinal value of
food and medicine the medicinal value of
food and medicine the medicinal value of foods this concept is at the very core
foods this concept is at the very core
foods this concept is at the very core of nutritional immunology research that
of nutritional immunology research that
of nutritional immunology research that Virginia Tech is pioneering yet this
Virginia Tech is pioneering yet this
Virginia Tech is pioneering yet this ancient principle of utilizing
ancient principle of utilizing
ancient principle of utilizing nutritional foods as medicine is only
nutritional foods as medicine is only
nutritional foods as medicine is only benefiting right now about 8% of the
benefiting right now about 8% of the
benefiting right now about 8% of the u.s. population only about 8% of us are
u.s. population only about 8% of us are
u.s. population only about 8% of us are for instance taking the five to nine
for instance taking the five to nine
for instance taking the five to nine servings of fruits and vegetables that
servings of fruits and vegetables that
servings of fruits and vegetables that are recommended the remaining ninety two
are recommended the remaining ninety two
are recommended the remaining ninety two percent of the population is under that
bio complexity this picture is at the
bio complexity this picture is at the very core of bio complexity it
very core of bio complexity it
very core of bio complexity it illustrates the interactions between
illustrates the interactions between
illustrates the interactions between diet and foods where we have hundreds
diet and foods where we have hundreds
diet and foods where we have hundreds maybe thousands of choices every day
maybe thousands of choices every day
maybe thousands of choices every day trillions of bacteria in our intestines
trillions of bacteria in our intestines
trillions of bacteria in our intestines and complex biochemical pathways that
and complex biochemical pathways that
and complex biochemical pathways that drive
drive
drive use of those nutrients in our intestines
use of those nutrients in our intestines
use of those nutrients in our intestines which are intimately connected with an
which are intimately connected with an
which are intimately connected with an immune system that can choose to be
immune system that can choose to be
immune system that can choose to be pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory
when these systems get out of sync when
when these systems get out of sync when there’s a dysregulation at any of these
there’s a dysregulation at any of these
there’s a dysregulation at any of these levels then disease follows and the God
levels then disease follows and the God
levels then disease follows and the God the dysregulated God the God that is out
the dysregulated God the God that is out
the dysregulated God the God that is out of balance has us running to the
of balance has us running to the
of balance has us running to the hospital
hospital
hospital I’ll talk now about Assad but a very
I’ll talk now about Assad but a very
I’ll talk now about Assad but a very real example of stool Walker stew Walker
real example of stool Walker stew Walker
real example of stool Walker stew Walker is a young man from West Yorkshire
is a young man from West Yorkshire
is a young man from West Yorkshire England he wants to be normal he seems
England he wants to be normal he seems
England he wants to be normal he seems healthy
healthy
healthy however stew is not normal a store
however stew is not normal a store
however stew is not normal a store requires feeding through a cube in his
requires feeding through a cube in his
requires feeding through a cube in his nose a stool has a colostomy bag
nose a stool has a colostomy bag
nose a stool has a colostomy bag connected to his abdomen and to his god
connected to his abdomen and to his god
connected to his abdomen and to his god a store is one of four million people of
a store is one of four million people of
a store is one of four million people of individuals worldwide afflicted by
individuals worldwide afflicted by
individuals worldwide afflicted by inflammatory bowel disease an autoimmune
inflammatory bowel disease an autoimmune
inflammatory bowel disease an autoimmune disease without a cure and with two
disease without a cure and with two
disease without a cure and with two clinical manifestations Crohn’s disease
clinical manifestations Crohn’s disease
clinical manifestations Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis current
and ulcerative colitis current
and ulcerative colitis current treatments for IBD are modestly
treatments for IBD are modestly
treatments for IBD are modestly successful in some cases 30 to 40
successful in some cases 30 to 40
successful in some cases 30 to 40 percent of patients benefit from those
percent of patients benefit from those
percent of patients benefit from those treatments the side effects are severe
treatments the side effects are severe
treatments the side effects are severe ranging from infection to cancer to
ranging from infection to cancer to
ranging from infection to cancer to death
the cost of these medications is about
the cost of these medications is about $50,000 per patient per year yes you
$50,000 per patient per year yes you
$50,000 per patient per year yes you heard it right fifty thousand dollars
heard it right fifty thousand dollars
heard it right fifty thousand dollars per patient per year and about seventy
per patient per year and about seventy
per patient per year and about seventy percent of those patients will require
percent of those patients will require
percent of those patients will require surgery in some cases several surgeries
surgery in some cases several surgeries
surgery in some cases several surgeries in fact Stu has undergone several
in fact Stu has undergone several
in fact Stu has undergone several surgeries to deal with his IBD this is a
surgeries to deal with his IBD this is a
surgeries to deal with his IBD this is a symptom of a broader problem which is
symptom of a broader problem which is
symptom of a broader problem which is illustrated by what we call the sideways
illustrated by what we call the sideways
illustrated by what we call the sideways funnel of the drug development process
funnel of the drug development process
funnel of the drug development process in the US there’s an inefficiency that
in the US there’s an inefficiency that
in the US there’s an inefficiency that is embedded in the drug development
is embedded in the drug development
is embedded in the drug development process from Discovery to preclinical
process from Discovery to preclinical
process from Discovery to preclinical testing in animals to face one to three
testing in animals to face one to three
testing in animals to face one to three clinical testing the process is
clinical testing the process is
clinical testing the process is inefficient and slow-moving let’s look
inefficient and slow-moving let’s look
inefficient and slow-moving let’s look at some facts and figures some food for
at some facts and figures some food for
at some facts and figures some food for thought about developing a drug costs
thought about developing a drug costs
thought about developing a drug costs about 1.2 billion dollars the timeline
about 1.2 billion dollars the timeline
about 1.2 billion dollars the timeline for developing a drug for Crohn’s
for developing a drug for Crohn’s
for developing a drug for Crohn’s disease is about 10 to 15 years and only
disease is about 10 to 15 years and only
disease is about 10 to 15 years and only one in over 10,000 molecules are going
one in over 10,000 molecules are going
one in over 10,000 molecules are going to make it there’s a cost efficiency
to make it there’s a cost efficiency
to make it there’s a cost efficiency problem there’s an inefficiency problem
problem there’s an inefficiency problem
problem there’s an inefficiency problem and you might ask what is our aim our
and you might ask what is our aim our
and you might ask what is our aim our aim is to fold first to find a solution
aim is to fold first to find a solution
aim is to fold first to find a solution for the needs of Stuart and the other 4
for the needs of Stuart and the other 4
for the needs of Stuart and the other 4 million people globally we need to find
million people globally we need to find
million people globally we need to find safer and more effective medications for
safer and more effective medications for
safer and more effective medications for IBD but second and equally importantly
IBD but second and equally importantly
IBD but second and equally importantly to help address the inefficiency of the
to help address the inefficiency of the
to help address the inefficiency of the drug development process let’s think
drug development process let’s think
drug development process let’s think about it how can we accomplish that
about it how can we accomplish that
about it how can we accomplish that engineers have over the years been using
engineers have over the years been using
engineers have over the years been using effectively modeling and simulation the
effectively modeling and simulation the
effectively modeling and simulation the power of high performance computing to
power of high performance computing to
power of high performance computing to minimize
minimize
minimize an error in building airplanes rocket
an error in building airplanes rocket
an error in building airplanes rocket launchers even atomic bombs
launchers even atomic bombs
launchers even atomic bombs the use of computational modeling
the use of computational modeling
the use of computational modeling mechanistic modeling agent based
mechanistic modeling agent based
mechanistic modeling agent based modeling in medicine is just beginning
modeling in medicine is just beginning
modeling in medicine is just beginning to scratch the surface we believe that
to scratch the surface we believe that
to scratch the surface we believe that there’s an opportunity in becoming the
there’s an opportunity in becoming the
there’s an opportunity in becoming the engineers of the gut biochemical
engineers of the gut biochemical
engineers of the gut biochemical biomedical researchers can become the
biomedical researchers can become the
biomedical researchers can become the engineers of the guard the engineers of
engineers of the guard the engineers of
engineers of the guard the engineers of the immune system we’ve come a long way
the immune system we’ve come a long way
the immune system we’ve come a long way since hypotheses established his opinion
since hypotheses established his opinion
since hypotheses established his opinion on the value of food as a medicinal
on the value of food as a medicinal
on the value of food as a medicinal concept we’ve celebrated metchnikoff
concept we’ve celebrated metchnikoff
concept we’ve celebrated metchnikoff as the discoverer of the macrophages one
as the discoverer of the macrophages one
as the discoverer of the macrophages one of the immune cells monoclonal
of the immune cells monoclonal
of the immune cells monoclonal antibodies have paved the way for
antibodies have paved the way for
antibodies have paved the way for targeted research on a specific pathways
targeted research on a specific pathways
targeted research on a specific pathways sequencing has improved performance up
sequencing has improved performance up
sequencing has improved performance up to 10,000 fold over the last four to
to 10,000 fold over the last four to
to 10,000 fold over the last four to five years and cost of sequencing have
five years and cost of sequencing have
five years and cost of sequencing have steadily gone down computational
steadily gone down computational
steadily gone down computational technologies have the potential to drive
technologies have the potential to drive
technologies have the potential to drive the nave next revolution in biomedicine
the nave next revolution in biomedicine
the nave next revolution in biomedicine research and in drug discovery we talked
research and in drug discovery we talked
research and in drug discovery we talked about bio complexity the intestine is a
about bio complexity the intestine is a
about bio complexity the intestine is a complex system one that we must
complex system one that we must
complex system one that we must understand if we have to find people who
understand if we have to find people who
understand if we have to find people who are able to find a cure for IBD we have
are able to find a cure for IBD we have
are able to find a cure for IBD we have 40 trillion bacteria 30 trillion cells
40 trillion bacteria 30 trillion cells
40 trillion bacteria 30 trillion cells pro-inflammatory anti-inflammatory they
pro-inflammatory anti-inflammatory they
pro-inflammatory anti-inflammatory they can be pro-inflammatory depending on the
can be pro-inflammatory depending on the
can be pro-inflammatory depending on the environment or anti-inflammatory and
environment or anti-inflammatory and
environment or anti-inflammatory and there’s plasticity that switches from a
there’s plasticity that switches from a
there’s plasticity that switches from a pro to anti-inflammatory State believe
pro to anti-inflammatory State believe
pro to anti-inflammatory State believe it or not 70 to 75 percent of the immune
it or not 70 to 75 percent of the immune
it or not 70 to 75 percent of the immune system is present in our gut and the
system is present in our gut and the
system is present in our gut and the surface area of our God is about the
surface area of our God is about the
surface area of our God is about the size of two tennis courts
size of two tennis courts
size of two tennis courts there’s trillions of interactions and we
there’s trillions of interactions and we
there’s trillions of interactions and we must understand the God and the immune
must understand the God and the immune
must understand the God and the immune system completely and in its entirety to
system completely and in its entirety to
system completely and in its entirety to be able to make measure advances in the
be able to make measure advances in the
be able to make measure advances in the development of cures for IBD the spark
development of cures for IBD the spark
development of cures for IBD the spark here is the application of modeling and
here is the application of modeling and
here is the application of modeling and simulation technologies the application
simulation technologies the application
simulation technologies the application of the power of high-performance
of the power of high-performance
of the power of high-performance computing to build models that will help
computing to build models that will help
computing to build models that will help Stu and the other four million people
Stu and the other four million people
Stu and the other four million people afflicted by IBD Virginia Tech is
afflicted by IBD Virginia Tech is
afflicted by IBD Virginia Tech is leading the way on building
leading the way on building
leading the way on building computational models of the stomach
computational models of the stomach
computational models of the stomach during h pylori infection of the lower
during h pylori infection of the lower
during h pylori infection of the lower intestine
intestine
intestine during australium difficile infection
during australium difficile infection
during australium difficile infection and yes we are also building models of
and yes we are also building models of
and yes we are also building models of inflammatory bowel disease not only to
inflammatory bowel disease not only to
inflammatory bowel disease not only to understand the basic fundamental
understand the basic fundamental
understand the basic fundamental mechanisms that drive the immune system
mechanisms that drive the immune system
mechanisms that drive the immune system to become dysregulated and destroy the
to become dysregulated and destroy the
to become dysregulated and destroy the intestine but more importantly to
intestine but more importantly to
intestine but more importantly to identify new cures for inflammatory
identify new cures for inflammatory
identify new cures for inflammatory bowel disease even the youngest members
bowel disease even the youngest members
bowel disease even the youngest members of this audience know how to solve the
of this audience know how to solve the
of this audience know how to solve the equation of two plus two equals four not
equation of two plus two equals four not
equation of two plus two equals four not all of us can solve the equation listed
all of us can solve the equation listed
all of us can solve the equation listed in this slide well what this is telling
in this slide well what this is telling
in this slide well what this is telling us that in order to make a meaningful
us that in order to make a meaningful
us that in order to make a meaningful impact on drug discovery and on the
impact on drug discovery and on the
impact on drug discovery and on the understanding of god immunology we need
understanding of god immunology we need
understanding of god immunology we need to establish teams of mathematicians
to establish teams of mathematicians
to establish teams of mathematicians computer scientists immunologist
computer scientists immunologist
computer scientists immunologist formulation experts clinicians and
formulation experts clinicians and
formulation experts clinicians and translational researchers and this
translational researchers and this
translational researchers and this research is going on here
research is going on here
research is going on here at Virginia Tech this is a clear example
at Virginia Tech this is a clear example
at Virginia Tech this is a clear example of a destination for the University we
of a destination for the University we
of a destination for the University we have utilized these modeling
have utilized these modeling
have utilized these modeling technologies some of them similar to
technologies some of them similar to
technologies some of them similar to what Google is utilizing on its engine
what Google is utilizing on its engine
what Google is utilizing on its engine in its searches others that are ordinary
in its searches others that are ordinary
in its searches others that are ordinary differential equations or agent-based
differential equations or agent-based
differential equations or agent-based modeling to go from experimental
modeling to go from experimental
modeling to go from experimental data to dissecting the whole organism
data to dissecting the whole organism
data to dissecting the whole organism the tissue the cells and the molecules
the tissue the cells and the molecules
the tissue the cells and the molecules and these analyses allow us to identify
and these analyses allow us to identify
and these analyses allow us to identify new therapeutic targets one such example
new therapeutic targets one such example
new therapeutic targets one such example of those promising therapeutic targets
of those promising therapeutic targets
of those promising therapeutic targets is lanthanum synthetase you like to
is lanthanum synthetase you like to
is lanthanum synthetase you like to discover here at Virginia Tech and a
discover here at Virginia Tech and a
discover here at Virginia Tech and a promising Avenue to find a cure for
promising Avenue to find a cure for
promising Avenue to find a cure for inflammatory bowel disease
inflammatory bowel disease
inflammatory bowel disease Alan cl2 intercepts inflammatory bowel
Alan cl2 intercepts inflammatory bowel
Alan cl2 intercepts inflammatory bowel disease at two levels first it
disease at two levels first it
disease at two levels first it suppresses the pro inflammatory
suppresses the pro inflammatory
suppresses the pro inflammatory mediators linked to IBD and next it
mediators linked to IBD and next it
mediators linked to IBD and next it amplifies the anti inflammatory response
amplifies the anti inflammatory response
amplifies the anti inflammatory response this technology is gaining momentum and
this technology is gaining momentum and
this technology is gaining momentum and has been validated by the National
has been validated by the National
has been validated by the National Institutes of Health the American
Institutes of Health the American
Institutes of Health the American gastroenterology Association and the
gastroenterology Association and the
gastroenterology Association and the Crohn’s and Colitis foundation of
Crohn’s and Colitis foundation of
Crohn’s and Colitis foundation of America you don’t need to be a
America you don’t need to be a
America you don’t need to be a board-certified pathologist to
board-certified pathologist to
board-certified pathologist to understand that there’s a difference
understand that there’s a difference
understand that there’s a difference between these two pictures on your left
between these two pictures on your left
between these two pictures on your left we have an intestine from a mouse with
we have an intestine from a mouse with
we have an intestine from a mouse with IBD the wall is thicker the architecture
IBD the wall is thicker the architecture
IBD the wall is thicker the architecture is deranged there’s infiltration of
is deranged there’s infiltration of
is deranged there’s infiltration of inflammatory cells on the right we have
inflammatory cells on the right we have
inflammatory cells on the right we have an intestine of a mouse with IBD that
an intestine of a mouse with IBD that
an intestine of a mouse with IBD that has been treated with a new drug that
has been treated with a new drug that
has been treated with a new drug that targets lanthanum synthetase like to the
targets lanthanum synthetase like to the
targets lanthanum synthetase like to the new drug is called BT 11 and what that
new drug is called BT 11 and what that
new drug is called BT 11 and what that drug does is make those things on the of
drug does is make those things on the of
drug does is make those things on the of the intestine be thinner less
the intestine be thinner less
the intestine be thinner less inflammatory cell infiltration and
inflammatory cell infiltration and
inflammatory cell infiltration and maintenance of the architecture we can
maintenance of the architecture we can
maintenance of the architecture we can take modeling one step further we can
take modeling one step further we can
take modeling one step further we can design the next generation of human
design the next generation of human
design the next generation of human clinical trials we are using clinical
clinical trials we are using clinical
clinical trials we are using clinical information from electronic health
information from electronic health
information from electronic health records biological data demographic
records biological data demographic
records biological data demographic information immunological datasets
information immunological datasets
information immunological datasets to build avatars populations of patients
to build avatars populations of patients
to build avatars populations of patients with inflammatory bowel disease
with inflammatory bowel disease
with inflammatory bowel disease specifically Crohn’s disease where we
specifically Crohn’s disease where we
specifically Crohn’s disease where we can test not only existing drugs but new
can test not only existing drugs but new
can test not only existing drugs but new drugs I just beat the 11 and we have
drugs I just beat the 11 and we have
drugs I just beat the 11 and we have accomplished that here those are the
accomplished that here those are the
accomplished that here those are the results of comparing our new drug bt 11
results of comparing our new drug bt 11
results of comparing our new drug bt 11 which in mouse study showed efficacy at
which in mouse study showed efficacy at
which in mouse study showed efficacy at 8 milligrams per kilo and safety in
8 milligrams per kilo and safety in
8 milligrams per kilo and safety in doses as high as 1000 milligrams per
doses as high as 1000 milligrams per
doses as high as 1000 milligrams per kilo tested in human avatars and what
kilo tested in human avatars and what
kilo tested in human avatars and what this data shows is that bt 11
this data shows is that bt 11
this data shows is that bt 11 outperforms current standard of care as
outperforms current standard of care as
outperforms current standard of care as well as drugs in development we’ve come
well as drugs in development we’ve come
well as drugs in development we’ve come a long way from hypothesis let food be
a long way from hypothesis let food be
a long way from hypothesis let food be thy medicine let medicine be thy food –
thy medicine let medicine be thy food –
thy medicine let medicine be thy food – modeling simulation and leveraging the
modeling simulation and leveraging the
modeling simulation and leveraging the power of high-performance computing
power of high-performance computing
power of high-performance computing we’ve built a product development
we’ve built a product development
we’ve built a product development platform that is applicable to the
platform that is applicable to the
platform that is applicable to the development of IBD drugs but has the
development of IBD drugs but has the
development of IBD drugs but has the potential to be applied to other
potential to be applied to other
potential to be applied to other diseases such as type 1 diabetes
diseases such as type 1 diabetes
diseases such as type 1 diabetes rheumatoid arthritis multiple sclerosis
rheumatoid arthritis multiple sclerosis
rheumatoid arthritis multiple sclerosis type 2 diabetes we have embarked on a
type 2 diabetes we have embarked on a
type 2 diabetes we have embarked on a journey of a faster path to cures we
journey of a faster path to cures we
journey of a faster path to cures we have embarked on a journey not only to
have embarked on a journey not only to
have embarked on a journey not only to address the symptoms of the disease and
address the symptoms of the disease and
address the symptoms of the disease and the discomfort caused by inflammatory
the discomfort caused by inflammatory
the discomfort caused by inflammatory bowel disease but also to address the
bowel disease but also to address the
bowel disease but also to address the inefficiency of the drug development
inefficiency of the drug development
inefficiency of the drug development process by leveraging the power of
process by leveraging the power of
process by leveraging the power of modeling and simulation and were honored
modeling and simulation and were honored
modeling and simulation and were honored to be able to tell us to Walker his
to be able to tell us to Walker his
to be able to tell us to Walker his family and his friends as well as the 4
family and his friends as well as the 4
family and his friends as well as the 4 million other people afflicted by IBD
million other people afflicted by IBD
million other people afflicted by IBD that hope is on the way thank you very
that hope is on the way thank you very
that hope is on the way thank you very much
much
much [Applause]
”
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