we’re a mobile 60% of our world population
population
population it’s basic sanitation what that means is
it’s basic sanitation what that means is
it’s basic sanitation what that means is that we can actually duplicate in an
that we can actually duplicate in an
that we can actually duplicate in an approved illegal toilet where we don’t
approved illegal toilet where we don’t
approved illegal toilet where we don’t have to touch our own pieces that’s not
have to touch our own pieces that’s not
have to touch our own pieces that’s not true for many people on our planet one
true for many people on our planet one
true for many people on our planet one in three of us on our planet do not have
in three of us on our planet do not have
in three of us on our planet do not have access to this basic sanitation that’s
access to this basic sanitation that’s
access to this basic sanitation that’s 33 of us in this room now going home
33 of us in this room now going home
33 of us in this room now going home this afternoon have no toilets taken
this afternoon have no toilets taken
this afternoon have no toilets taken away would we stand to that okay what
away would we stand to that okay what
away would we stand to that okay what about the poorest people in our world
about the poorest people in our world
about the poorest people in our world Oh nearly 900 million people open
Oh nearly 900 million people open
Oh nearly 900 million people open defecation is still a fact of life that
defecation is still a fact of life that
defecation is still a fact of life that means they go to the toilet they don’t
means they go to the toilet they don’t
means they go to the toilet they don’t go to the toilet they have to poop in
go to the toilet they have to poop in
go to the toilet they have to poop in the open in storm drains in the bushes
the open in storm drains in the bushes
the open in storm drains in the bushes and fields or in open water sources this
and fields or in open water sources this
and fields or in open water sources this is a really stark and sad reality we’re
is a really stark and sad reality we’re
is a really stark and sad reality we’re very lucky what we can do is when we go
very lucky what we can do is when we go
very lucky what we can do is when we go home we need water we can turn on our
home we need water we can turn on our
home we need water we can turn on our tap but 2.1 billion people lack safe
tap but 2.1 billion people lack safe
tap but 2.1 billion people lack safe water what that means is water that is
water what that means is water that is
water what that means is water that is free from contamination add to that
free from contamination add to that
free from contamination add to that another 10% of our world’s population
another 10% of our world’s population
another 10% of our world’s population eating food that has been irrigated by
eating food that has been irrigated by
eating food that has been irrigated by wastewater will turn me by wastewater
wastewater will turn me by wastewater
wastewater will turn me by wastewater well what we’re talking about here is
well what we’re talking about here is
well what we’re talking about here is any water that has been contaminated or
any water that has been contaminated or
any water that has been contaminated or has its quality decreased by human
has its quality decreased by human
has its quality decreased by human activity that includes excrement that
activity that includes excrement that
activity that includes excrement that includes urine and feces in the water
includes urine and feces in the water
includes urine and feces in the water when we want to get rid of our expert
when we want to get rid of our expert
when we want to get rid of our expert what do we do we flush our lows but for
what do we do we flush our lows but for
what do we do we flush our lows but for many people that’s obviously not an
many people that’s obviously not an
many people that’s obviously not an option living close to in close
option living close to in close
option living close to in close proximity to human feces means that many
proximity to human feces means that many
proximity to human feces means that many people are dying unnecessarily from what
people are dying unnecessarily from what
people are dying unnecessarily from what are largely preventable diseases
are largely preventable diseases
are largely preventable diseases it’s our under-fives little scourge
it’s our under-fives little scourge
it’s our under-fives little scourge it’s all pregnant women who are most at
it’s all pregnant women who are most at
it’s all pregnant women who are most at risk here would we want that for our
risk here would we want that for our
risk here would we want that for our families
families
families no that includes a number of different
no that includes a number of different
no that includes a number of different diseases our parasitic worms that I’m
diseases our parasitic worms that I’m
diseases our parasitic worms that I’m going to talk a little bit more about
going to talk a little bit more about
going to talk a little bit more about today we wouldn’t want that for our
today we wouldn’t want that for our
today we wouldn’t want that for our families but many of these people are
families but many of these people are
families but many of these people are living in developing countries and so
living in developing countries and so
living in developing countries and so why parasites such a problem well
why parasites such a problem well
why parasites such a problem well they’re a problem because that’s why we
they’re a problem because that’s why we
they’re a problem because that’s why we see the most limited access to safe
see the most limited access to safe
see the most limited access to safe water and adequate sanitation I don’t
water and adequate sanitation I don’t
water and adequate sanitation I don’t mean sanitation that we’re used to
mean sanitation that we’re used to
mean sanitation that we’re used to I need adequate sanitation in
I need adequate sanitation in
I need adequate sanitation in sub-saharan Africa we’re seeing an
sub-saharan Africa we’re seeing an
sub-saharan Africa we’re seeing an increase in people needing to use open
increase in people needing to use open
increase in people needing to use open defecation because of population growth
defecation because of population growth
defecation because of population growth if you think about these people living
if you think about these people living
if you think about these people living in many developing countries just their
in many developing countries just their
in many developing countries just their daily activities put them at risk of
daily activities put them at risk of
daily activities put them at risk of disease they need to go collect water
disease they need to go collect water
disease they need to go collect water that water may well be contaminated
that water may well be contaminated
that water may well be contaminated there might be fishing in contaminated
there might be fishing in contaminated
there might be fishing in contaminated water they might be collecting water for
water they might be collecting water for
water they might be collecting water for animals to look after animals or to look
animals to look after animals or to look
animals to look after animals or to look after their family so their daily
after their family so their daily
after their family so their daily activities increase their risk of
activities increase their risk of
activities increase their risk of parasitism for many people they don’t
parasitism for many people they don’t
parasitism for many people they don’t have access to the education that we can
have access to the education that we can
have access to the education that we can enjoy there are many millions of
enjoy there are many millions of
enjoy there are many millions of children that are out of school
children that are out of school
children that are out of school school-aged children that are out of
school-aged children that are out of
school-aged children that are out of school because they have to provide for
school because they have to provide for
school because they have to provide for their families they miss out on
their families they miss out on
their families they miss out on education to help limit the spread of
education to help limit the spread of
education to help limit the spread of these diseases but also they miss out on
these diseases but also they miss out on
these diseases but also they miss out on some of the prevention programs that are
some of the prevention programs that are
some of the prevention programs that are taking place in schools after that the
taking place in schools after that the
taking place in schools after that the lack of sustainable healthcare and we
lack of sustainable healthcare and we
lack of sustainable healthcare and we can see that we’re starting to have a
can see that we’re starting to have a
can see that we’re starting to have a major issue here but imagine if you will
major issue here but imagine if you will
major issue here but imagine if you will that you’re at risk of these parasitic
that you’re at risk of these parasitic
that you’re at risk of these parasitic diseases just because of where you live
diseases just because of where you live
diseases just because of where you live just because of the climate that you’re
just because of the climate that you’re
just because of the climate that you’re in which can actually harness and
in which can actually harness and
in which can actually harness and tongues metal increases the likelihood
tongues metal increases the likelihood
tongues metal increases the likelihood of transmission of parasite underpinning
of transmission of parasite underpinning
of transmission of parasite underpinning all this we have poverty have magician
all this we have poverty have magician
all this we have poverty have magician malnutrition and as we’ve just heard
malnutrition and as we’ve just heard
malnutrition and as we’ve just heard conflict and unrest they add to all of
conflict and unrest they add to all of
conflict and unrest they add to all of these problems children who are living
these problems children who are living
these problems children who are living in areas of conflict or civil arrests of
in areas of conflict or civil arrests of
in areas of conflict or civil arrests of four times less likely to have access to
four times less likely to have access to
four times less likely to have access to basic water what I mean by basic water
basic water what I mean by basic water
basic water what I mean by basic water is that they collect
is that they collect
is that they collect to within 30 minutes from the protected
to within 30 minutes from the protected
to within 30 minutes from the protected water source that’s not what we enjoy
water source that’s not what we enjoy
water source that’s not what we enjoy that’s not where we’re you stay these
that’s not where we’re you stay these
that’s not where we’re you stay these children who are living in conflict were
children who are living in conflict were
children who are living in conflict were also twice as likely to have no access
also twice as likely to have no access
also twice as likely to have no access to basic sanitation okay so what that
to basic sanitation okay so what that
to basic sanitation okay so what that does is it puts them at risk from major
does is it puts them at risk from major
does is it puts them at risk from major a number of major parasitic diseases the
a number of major parasitic diseases the
a number of major parasitic diseases the modern half billion people on our planet
modern half billion people on our planet
modern half billion people on our planet are affected by what we call soil
are affected by what we call soil
are affected by what we call soil transmitted helmets helmets that are
transmitted helmets helmets that are
transmitted helmets helmets that are transmitted because people come into
transmitted because people come into
transmitted because people come into contact with infected eggs or infective
contact with infected eggs or infective
contact with infected eggs or infective larvae there’s a number of different
larvae there’s a number of different
larvae there’s a number of different important species that are involved here
important species that are involved here
important species that are involved here but three of the most important include
but three of the most important include
but three of the most important include things like the round worms which is a
things like the round worms which is a
things like the round worms which is a Sporus the point is I’ve brought them
Sporus the point is I’ve brought them
Sporus the point is I’ve brought them along for you to have a look at today
along for you to have a look at today
along for you to have a look at today I’ve left a few others outside to use
I’ve left a few others outside to use
I’ve left a few others outside to use how to look at as well over time some of
how to look at as well over time some of
how to look at as well over time some of them are quite small this is quite a big
them are quite small this is quite a big
them are quite small this is quite a big beastie grows up to about 35 to 45
beastie grows up to about 35 to 45
beastie grows up to about 35 to 45 centimeters but most of our parasites
centimeters but most of our parasites
centimeters but most of our parasites are quite snare so here on the screen
are quite snare so here on the screen
are quite snare so here on the screen we’ve got a human whipworm track tourist
we’ve got a human whipworm track tourist
we’ve got a human whipworm track tourist track your er got sheep species outside
track your er got sheep species outside
track your er got sheep species outside for you to have a look at and also the
for you to have a look at and also the
for you to have a look at and also the hook worms and colostomy Judah gnarly
hook worms and colostomy Judah gnarly
hook worms and colostomy Judah gnarly and Nicator America honest they are
and Nicator America honest they are
and Nicator America honest they are three of the most important parasites
three of the most important parasites
three of the most important parasites that cause problems on our planet but
that cause problems on our planet but
that cause problems on our planet but they do exactly what they say on the tin
they do exactly what they say on the tin
they do exactly what they say on the tin they are spread by contact with either
they are spread by contact with either
they are spread by contact with either infective X or by contact with infective
infective X or by contact with infective
infective X or by contact with infective our larvae if we think about how that
our larvae if we think about how that
our larvae if we think about how that can happen
can happen
can happen in a lot of different ways you can end
in a lot of different ways you can end
in a lot of different ways you can end up picking up these infections when
up picking up these infections when
up picking up these infections when you’re eating or handling unwashed
you’re eating or handling unwashed
you’re eating or handling unwashed vegetables particularly if they have
vegetables particularly if they have
vegetables particularly if they have been fertilized by feces from a human
been fertilized by feces from a human
been fertilized by feces from a human that makes human fertilizer and that’s
that makes human fertilizer and that’s
that makes human fertilizer and that’s very common you can pick these up from
very common you can pick these up from
very common you can pick these up from ingesting contaminated water again a
ingesting contaminated water again a
ingesting contaminated water again a major problem but we also see massive
major problem but we also see massive
major problem but we also see massive issues with contamination from the soil
issues with contamination from the soil
issues with contamination from the soil this is where children for example will
this is where children for example will
this is where children for example will go our I will play in the soil and they
go our I will play in the soil and they
go our I will play in the soil and they will pick up these parasite eggs and
will pick up these parasite eggs and
will pick up these parasite eggs and then accidentally ingest them when they
then accidentally ingest them when they
then accidentally ingest them when they eat or when their hands
eat or when their hands
eat or when their hands the other males are in their mouths so
the other males are in their mouths so
the other males are in their mouths so that’s a major route of infestation we
that’s a major route of infestation we
that’s a major route of infestation we also see occupational exposure so people
also see occupational exposure so people
also see occupational exposure so people like miners and tea pickers particularly
like miners and tea pickers particularly
like miners and tea pickers particularly at risk from these parasitic diseases
at risk from these parasitic diseases
at risk from these parasitic diseases most of us will be touch upon good we
most of us will be touch upon good we
most of us will be touch upon good we know we’ll stay away from it but there’s
know we’ll stay away from it but there’s
know we’ll stay away from it but there’s a delay in the life cycle which I’ll
a delay in the life cycle which I’ll
a delay in the life cycle which I’ll talk about in just a second which means
talk about in just a second which means
talk about in just a second which means that you don’t actually know that you’re
that you don’t actually know that you’re
that you don’t actually know that you’re handling or touching contaminated soil
handling or touching contaminated soil
handling or touching contaminated soil or contaminated material okay lovie down
or contaminated material okay lovie down
or contaminated material okay lovie down the bottom here this is these are three
the bottom here this is these are three
the bottom here this is these are three of the most important parasite rights
of the most important parasite rights
of the most important parasite rights that we can see of the top is ascaris
that we can see of the top is ascaris
that we can see of the top is ascaris appointees this is true curious tribe
appointees this is true curious tribe
appointees this is true curious tribe you’re in here and this one down the
you’re in here and this one down the
you’re in here and this one down the bottom is Nicator americanus it’s a
bottom is Nicator americanus it’s a
bottom is Nicator americanus it’s a hookworm egg they’re a little bit
hookworm egg they’re a little bit
hookworm egg they’re a little bit different
different
different you don’t actually ingest the eggs
you don’t actually ingest the eggs
you don’t actually ingest the eggs that’s not how the infection works the
that’s not how the infection works the
that’s not how the infection works the infection works when the eggs make
infection works when the eggs make
infection works when the eggs make contact with the soil they’ll hatch and
contact with the soil they’ll hatch and
contact with the soil they’ll hatch and then the law of you will developed and
then the law of you will developed and
then the law of you will developed and quite often you will then get those
quite often you will then get those
quite often you will then get those larvae penetrating the skin particularly
larvae penetrating the skin particularly
larvae penetrating the skin particularly when you’re walking barefoot whoo look
when you’re walking barefoot whoo look
when you’re walking barefoot whoo look at that lifecycle what we’ll see is
at that lifecycle what we’ll see is
at that lifecycle what we’ll see is typically what’s happening is the eggs
typically what’s happening is the eggs
typically what’s happening is the eggs will come out in the feces of the
will come out in the feces of the
will come out in the feces of the individual they’ll be infective about
individual they’ll be infective about
individual they’ll be infective about eighteen days later so it’s not fresh
eighteen days later so it’s not fresh
eighteen days later so it’s not fresh feces that’s the problem here it’s when
feces that’s the problem here it’s when
feces that’s the problem here it’s when that fecal material starts to break down
that fecal material starts to break down
that fecal material starts to break down you won’t know it’s there but the
you won’t know it’s there but the
you won’t know it’s there but the parasites the eggs will be developing
parasites the eggs will be developing
parasites the eggs will be developing will then adjust those eggs and
will then adjust those eggs and
will then adjust those eggs and eventually depending on the species that
eventually depending on the species that
eventually depending on the species that go through a bit of an interesting
go through a bit of an interesting
go through a bit of an interesting journey around the body they will end up
journey around the body they will end up
journey around the body they will end up in the intestine that whole cycle starts
in the intestine that whole cycle starts
in the intestine that whole cycle starts again
again
again hookworms a little bit different the
hookworms a little bit different the
hookworms a little bit different the eggs will make contact with the soil
eggs will make contact with the soil
eggs will make contact with the soil they’ll hatch in about one to two days
they’ll hatch in about one to two days
they’ll hatch in about one to two days the larvae will then develop and about
the larvae will then develop and about
the larvae will then develop and about five to ten days later they will start
five to ten days later they will start
five to ten days later they will start to penetrate be able to penetrate how to
to penetrate be able to penetrate how to
to penetrate be able to penetrate how to scan or human skin so that’s some
scan or human skin so that’s some
scan or human skin so that’s some examples all parasites that are really
examples all parasites that are really
examples all parasites that are really important but another example that I
important but another example that I
important but another example that I wanted to show you today is the second
wanted to show you today is the second
wanted to show you today is the second most important tropical disease after
most important tropical disease after
most important tropical disease after malaria this is schistosomiasis
malaria this is schistosomiasis
malaria this is schistosomiasis schistosomiasis is a disease that’s
schistosomiasis is a disease that’s
schistosomiasis is a disease that’s caused by a helmet another worm but this
caused by a helmet another worm but this
caused by a helmet another worm but this time the worms not living in the
time the worms not living in the
time the worms not living in the intestine the worm at the top you these
intestine the worm at the top you these
intestine the worm at the top you these two images here that some male worm the
two images here that some male worm the
two images here that some male worm the big fat one and the one all curled up
big fat one and the one all curled up
big fat one and the one all curled up that’s a female worm you want to have a
that’s a female worm you want to have a
that’s a female worm you want to have a look at those I’ve got someone
look at those I’ve got someone
look at those I’ve got someone i prescribed for you to look at they’re
i prescribed for you to look at they’re
i prescribed for you to look at they’re actually living in the bloodstream okay
actually living in the bloodstream okay
actually living in the bloodstream okay so these are living in a different place
so these are living in a different place
so these are living in a different place entirely but the transmission routes the
entirely but the transmission routes the
entirely but the transmission routes the same it’s through contact with infected
same it’s through contact with infected
same it’s through contact with infected water so what happens is when people are
water so what happens is when people are
water so what happens is when people are affected with these worms they will
affected with these worms they will
affected with these worms they will produce eggs either in their feces or in
produce eggs either in their feces or in
produce eggs either in their feces or in their urine there are two main forms of
their urine there are two main forms of
their urine there are two main forms of schistosomiasis one is an intestinal
schistosomiasis one is an intestinal
schistosomiasis one is an intestinal form the other one is all around the
form the other one is all around the
form the other one is all around the urogenital tract when they defecate or
urogenital tract when they defecate or
urogenital tract when they defecate or urinate in water those eggs
urinate in water those eggs
urinate in water those eggs make contact with that water and they’ll
make contact with that water and they’ll
make contact with that water and they’ll hatch they’ll hatch into a little larval
hatch they’ll hatch into a little larval
hatch they’ll hatch into a little larval stage called Ramirez video and that
stage called Ramirez video and that
stage called Ramirez video and that would infect a snail intermediate host
would infect a snail intermediate host
would infect a snail intermediate host from that snail intermediate host
from that snail intermediate host
from that snail intermediate host parasite learn to go a lot development
parasite learn to go a lot development
parasite learn to go a lot development it will then shed these little things
it will then shed these little things
it will then shed these little things that look a bit like sperm over there on
that look a bit like sperm over there on
that look a bit like sperm over there on the far corner they’re called Sakaki
the far corner they’re called Sakaki
the far corner they’re called Sakaki that’s the infective stage of the
that’s the infective stage of the
that’s the infective stage of the parasite and when a human goes into
parasite and when a human goes into
parasite and when a human goes into infected water these little things will
infected water these little things will
infected water these little things will burrow into the skin
burrow into the skin
burrow into the skin they will then shed their tail and
they will then shed their tail and
they will then shed their tail and they’ll go on and lovely migratory
they’ll go on and lovely migratory
they’ll go on and lovely migratory journey around the body and eventually
journey around the body and eventually
journey around the body and eventually end up in the right sort of blood
end up in the right sort of blood
end up in the right sort of blood vessels for the species of parasite
vessels for the species of parasite
vessels for the species of parasite we’ve got about five different species
we’ve got about five different species
we’ve got about five different species that infect humans for the most
that infect humans for the most
that infect humans for the most important the ones that we see most
important the ones that we see most
important the ones that we see most frequently while schistosomiasis I
frequently while schistosomiasis I
frequently while schistosomiasis I that’s just a sober japonicum gar the
that’s just a sober japonicum gar the
that’s just a sober japonicum gar the intestinal worms my sister’s over
intestinal worms my sister’s over
intestinal worms my sister’s over haematobium which is really rivalry for
haematobium which is really rivalry for
haematobium which is really rivalry for me so what can we do what should we do a
me so what can we do what should we do a
me so what can we do what should we do a whole range of things I hope first thing
whole range of things I hope first thing
whole range of things I hope first thing that core principle the cool thing that
that core principle the cool thing that
that core principle the cool thing that underpins preventing or limiting the
underpins preventing or limiting the
underpins preventing or limiting the spread of these diseases is education
spread of these diseases is education
spread of these diseases is education but as we’ve already seen we’ve got so
but as we’ve already seen we’ve got so
but as we’ve already seen we’ve got so many children out of education for other
many children out of education for other
many children out of education for other reasons provision of safe water and
reasons provision of safe water and
reasons provision of safe water and sanitation this is goal number six on
sanitation this is goal number six on
sanitation this is goal number six on the sustainable development goals of the
the sustainable development goals of the
the sustainable development goals of the UN this is really really important they
UN this is really really important they
UN this is really really important they want to try and reach universal access
want to try and reach universal access
want to try and reach universal access by 2030 but we actually missed the 2015
by 2030 but we actually missed the 2015
by 2030 but we actually missed the 2015 Millennium Goals that would have allowed
Millennium Goals that would have allowed
Millennium Goals that would have allowed us to have access to some good
us to have access to some good
us to have access to some good sanitation
sanitation
sanitation for 70 77
for 70 77
for 70 77 population but currently as 68 percent
population but currently as 68 percent
population but currently as 68 percent so we’re gonna have to work really hard
so we’re gonna have to work really hard
so we’re gonna have to work really hard to get to those goals should we be
to get to those goals should we be
to get to those goals should we be addressed in lifestyles in the West we
addressed in lifestyles in the West we
addressed in lifestyles in the West we talk about lifestyle choice don’t we
talk about lifestyle choice don’t we
talk about lifestyle choice don’t we this is not a choice for these people
this is not a choice for these people
this is not a choice for these people who are living in these environments but
who are living in these environments but
who are living in these environments but by addressing our attitudes we can help
by addressing our attitudes we can help
by addressing our attitudes we can help do we want to tackle poverty that’s
do we want to tackle poverty that’s
do we want to tackle poverty that’s number one on the sustainable
number one on the sustainable
number one on the sustainable development goals that’s going to be a
development goals that’s going to be a
development goals that’s going to be a big game changer so we’ve got seven
big game changer so we’ve got seven
big game changer so we’ve got seven hundred sixty seven million people still
hundred sixty seven million people still
hundred sixty seven million people still below the International poverty line or
below the International poverty line or
below the International poverty line or an income of one one one dollar and
an income of one one one dollar and
an income of one one one dollar and ninety cents per day many of these
ninety cents per day many of these
ninety cents per day many of these people are in extreme poverty and these
people are in extreme poverty and these
people are in extreme poverty and these are the people that we need to deal with
are the people that we need to deal with
are the people that we need to deal with do we need more research almost
do we need more research almost
do we need more research almost certainly yes but all of these things
certainly yes but all of these things
certainly yes but all of these things are going to cost money where’s that
are going to cost money where’s that
are going to cost money where’s that going to come for we need to think about
going to come for we need to think about
going to come for we need to think about that so what we need to do is take an
that so what we need to do is take an
that so what we need to do is take an integrated approach but what I would say
integrated approach but what I would say
integrated approach but what I would say to you is these inequalities are often
to you is these inequalities are often
to you is these inequalities are often invisible to us 800 children dying every
invisible to us 800 children dying every
invisible to us 800 children dying every day from preventable diseases caused by
day from preventable diseases caused by
day from preventable diseases caused by lack of good quality water poor
lack of good quality water poor
lack of good quality water poor sanitation as horrible as this analogy
sanitation as horrible as this analogy
sanitation as horrible as this analogy sounds that’s the equivalent of to to
sounds that’s the equivalent of to to
sounds that’s the equivalent of to to mow Jets full of these under-fives
mow Jets full of these under-fives
mow Jets full of these under-fives crashing every day if we saw that would
crashing every day if we saw that would
crashing every day if we saw that would we take action there’s lots of things
we take action there’s lots of things
we take action there’s lots of things that can happen there are mass deworming
that can happen there are mass deworming
that can happen there are mass deworming campaigns that are taking place and in
campaigns that are taking place and in
campaigns that are taking place and in the end of September the World Health
the end of September the World Health
the end of September the World Health Organization published some new
Organization published some new
Organization published some new recommendations based on some of the
recommendations based on some of the
recommendations based on some of the successes that had happened last year
successes that had happened last year
successes that had happened last year where 68 percent of those children most
where 68 percent of those children most
where 68 percent of those children most at risk were being treated the goal
at risk were being treated the goal
at risk were being treated the goal length is to reach 75 percent of those
length is to reach 75 percent of those
length is to reach 75 percent of those children in a couple of years time
children in a couple of years time
children in a couple of years time they’re really important goals and these
they’re really important goals and these
they’re really important goals and these are things that happening but it makes
are things that happening but it makes
are things that happening but it makes it a little bit difficult to think how
it a little bit difficult to think how
it a little bit difficult to think how we can help him other things
we can help him other things
we can help him other things we improve sanitation and we improve
we improve sanitation and we improve
we improve sanitation and we improve water sources not only do we reduce the
water sources not only do we reduce the
water sources not only do we reduce the spread of soil transmitted elements of
spread of soil transmitted elements of
spread of soil transmitted elements of schistosomiasis it brings other tangible
schistosomiasis it brings other tangible
schistosomiasis it brings other tangible benefits as well it promotes dignity but
benefits as well it promotes dignity but
benefits as well it promotes dignity but also safety open defecation for women
also safety open defecation for women
also safety open defecation for women particularly in young girls is
particularly in young girls is
particularly in young girls is particularly dangerous it promotes
particularly dangerous it promotes
particularly dangerous it promotes school attendance again if there’s
school attendance again if there’s
school attendance again if there’s somewhere safe
somewhere safe
somewhere safe where you can go and use the toilet
where you can go and use the toilet
where you can go and use the toilet where you can defecate safely or where
where you can defecate safely or where
where you can defecate safely or where you know you’ve got access to clean
you know you’ve got access to clean
you know you’ve got access to clean water you’re more likely to be able to
water you’re more likely to be able to
water you’re more likely to be able to then go to school but promote school
then go to school but promote school
then go to school but promote school attendance again particularly important
attendance again particularly important
attendance again particularly important for women and young girls up brings
for women and young girls up brings
for women and young girls up brings other benefits doesn’t it it opens up
other benefits doesn’t it it opens up
other benefits doesn’t it it opens up new opportunities and it also gives you
new opportunities and it also gives you
new opportunities and it also gives you more choices if you’re able to get
more choices if you’re able to get
more choices if you’re able to get better education your opportunities
better education your opportunities
better education your opportunities change if we reduce the number of
change if we reduce the number of
change if we reduce the number of parasites that are living with these in
parasites that are living with these in
parasites that are living with these in these people these parasites are feeding
these people these parasites are feeding
these people these parasites are feeding on host tissues that causing
on host tissues that causing
on host tissues that causing malnutrition they are causing malaise
malnutrition they are causing malaise
malnutrition they are causing malaise they are causing a whole range of
they are causing a whole range of
they are causing a whole range of particular chronic problems that means
particular chronic problems that means
particular chronic problems that means that these people are not able to work
that these people are not able to work
that these people are not able to work or achieve the lifestyles that they want
or achieve the lifestyles that they want
or achieve the lifestyles that they want by reducing the parasites we reduce
by reducing the parasites we reduce
by reducing the parasites we reduce monkey malnutrition but interestingly we
monkey malnutrition but interestingly we
monkey malnutrition but interestingly we can also use properly the safely managed
can also use properly the safely managed
can also use properly the safely managed feces as a renewable source of energy we
feces as a renewable source of energy we
feces as a renewable source of energy we can use that for cooking and we can use
can use that for cooking and we can use
can use that for cooking and we can use it for lighting we can also recover
it for lighting we can also recover
it for lighting we can also recover valuable nutrients and water from
valuable nutrients and water from
valuable nutrients and water from properly managed feces and that can be
properly managed feces and that can be
properly managed feces and that can be used for every purposes like alpha
used for every purposes like alpha
used for every purposes like alpha agriculture so what else could we do I
agriculture so what else could we do I
agriculture so what else could we do I don’t know what you think is this not
don’t know what you think is this not
don’t know what you think is this not our problem I think it’s very much our
our problem I think it’s very much our
our problem I think it’s very much our problem and if I can do one thing
problem and if I can do one thing
problem and if I can do one thing what I’d like to do is ask you to find
what I’d like to do is ask you to find
what I’d like to do is ask you to find out more information and perhaps think
out more information and perhaps think
out more information and perhaps think about getting involved I’m not here to
about getting involved I’m not here to
about getting involved I’m not here to advocate any particular organization my
advocate any particular organization my
advocate any particular organization my job is to perhaps ask you if you
job is to perhaps ask you if you
job is to perhaps ask you if you wouldn’t mind if you’ve got the capacity
wouldn’t mind if you’ve got the capacity
wouldn’t mind if you’ve got the capacity and if you’ve got the technology to do a
and if you’ve got the technology to do a
and if you’ve got the technology to do a very simple web search for water
very simple web search for water
very simple web search for water sanitation
sanitation
sanitation or the acronym wash you’ll find out lots
or the acronym wash you’ll find out lots
or the acronym wash you’ll find out lots of stuff that’s going on around the
of stuff that’s going on around the
of stuff that’s going on around the world lots of really important
world lots of really important
world lots of really important information and you will also be doing
information and you will also be doing
information and you will also be doing your bit to help open and open
your bit to help open and open
your bit to help open and open defecation I think that if you value
defecation I think that if you value
defecation I think that if you value your right to pay wanna loo this is
your right to pay wanna loo this is
your right to pay wanna loo this is something that we can do here so we can
something that we can do here so we can
something that we can do here so we can end open defecation and we can promote
end open defecation and we can promote
end open defecation and we can promote universal access to basic sanitation and
universal access to basic sanitation and
universal access to basic sanitation and water by 2030 we’ve talked a lot already
water by 2030 we’ve talked a lot already
water by 2030 we’ve talked a lot already about inequality and I just want to end
about inequality and I just want to end
about inequality and I just want to end on a personal story a story that you
on a personal story a story that you
on a personal story a story that you might find a little bit odd but
might find a little bit odd but
might find a little bit odd but parasites don’t care who you are what
parasites don’t care who you are what
parasites don’t care who you are what you do you just have to be in the wrong
you do you just have to be in the wrong
you do you just have to be in the wrong place at the wrong time and that
place at the wrong time and that
place at the wrong time and that parasite all it needs is a host all it
parasite all it needs is a host all it
parasite all it needs is a host all it wants to do is survive it doesn’t care
wants to do is survive it doesn’t care
wants to do is survive it doesn’t care whether you’ve got money doesn’t care
whether you’ve got money doesn’t care
whether you’ve got money doesn’t care whether you’re poor but if you’re poor
whether you’re poor but if you’re poor
whether you’re poor but if you’re poor you’re more likely to get infected as
you’re more likely to get infected as
you’re more likely to get infected as travel and tourism opens up we travelled
travel and tourism opens up we travelled
travel and tourism opens up we travelled further afield template do various
further afield template do various
further afield template do various different things and I did this on my
different things and I did this on my
different things and I did this on my honeymoon
honeymoon
honeymoon I spent my honeymoon not just with my
I spent my honeymoon not just with my
I spent my honeymoon not just with my new husband but with some other new
new husband but with some other new
new husband but with some other new friends as well and when I was on
friends as well and when I was on
friends as well and when I was on honeymoon here I was taking a little
honeymoon here I was taking a little
honeymoon here I was taking a little walk along the beach at night my new
walk along the beach at night my new
walk along the beach at night my new husband and I were nicknamed the most
husband and I were nicknamed the most
husband and I were nicknamed the most active honeymoon couple not for the
active honeymoon couple not for the
active honeymoon couple not for the reasons that you might be thinking but
reasons that you might be thinking but
reasons that you might be thinking but simply for the fact that we were doing
simply for the fact that we were doing
simply for the fact that we were doing lots of watersports we were out in the
lots of watersports we were out in the
lots of watersports we were out in the water every day either swimming
water every day either swimming
water every day either swimming snorkeling diving messing about either
snorkeling diving messing about either
snorkeling diving messing about either all are in the water that meant that I
all are in the water that meant that I
all are in the water that meant that I spent most of that time before what
spent most of that time before what
spent most of that time before what happened to me was I took a little
happened to me was I took a little
happened to me was I took a little trundle along around on the beach and I
trundle along around on the beach and I
trundle along around on the beach and I couldn’t see any feces I can’t see
couldn’t see any feces I can’t see
couldn’t see any feces I can’t see anything that looked like I shouldn’t
anything that looked like I shouldn’t
anything that looked like I shouldn’t step in it but what happened was I ended
step in it but what happened was I ended
step in it but what happened was I ended up with little worm larvae that managed
up with little worm larvae that managed
up with little worm larvae that managed to burrow into my toe now because it
to burrow into my toe now because it
to burrow into my toe now because it takes a while for these things to happen
takes a while for these things to happen
takes a while for these things to happen it wasn’t till I got home that my foot
it wasn’t till I got home that my foot
it wasn’t till I got home that my foot starts to get bitchy
starts to get bitchy
starts to get bitchy it was burning a bit
it was burning a bit
it was burning a bit was feeling a bit uncomfortable and I
was feeling a bit uncomfortable and I
was feeling a bit uncomfortable and I thought hmm I picked up a beautiful so I
thought hmm I picked up a beautiful so I
thought hmm I picked up a beautiful so I got my antifungal cream and I slapped it
got my antifungal cream and I slapped it
got my antifungal cream and I slapped it on and a few days later nothing was
on and a few days later nothing was
on and a few days later nothing was happening and then after a couple more
happening and then after a couple more
happening and then after a couple more days I started to see little telltale
days I started to see little telltale
days I started to see little telltale tracks on my foot and I thought uh-huh
tracks on my foot and I thought uh-huh
tracks on my foot and I thought uh-huh I know what you are this was a cutaneous
I know what you are this was a cutaneous
I know what you are this was a cutaneous larva migrans and so literally I don’t
larva migrans and so literally I don’t
larva migrans and so literally I don’t know if we can really see it here
know if we can really see it here
know if we can really see it here I had hookworm larvae migrating in my
I had hookworm larvae migrating in my
I had hookworm larvae migrating in my foot they didn’t get very far because
foot they didn’t get very far because
foot they didn’t get very far because actually they were hook worms that
actually they were hook worms that
actually they were hook worms that belonged to a cat they wanted to
belonged to a cat they wanted to
belonged to a cat they wanted to actually be in a cat gut and not in my
actually be in a cat gut and not in my
actually be in a cat gut and not in my god they weren’t human at once and so
god they weren’t human at once and so
god they weren’t human at once and so they got stuck in my foot it was quite
they got stuck in my foot it was quite
they got stuck in my foot it was quite painful
painful
painful so I literally popped footed it down to
so I literally popped footed it down to
so I literally popped footed it down to the GP surgery who was absolutely
the GP surgery who was absolutely
the GP surgery who was absolutely delighted because it was the first time
delighted because it was the first time
delighted because it was the first time she’d ever seen us in the flesh we don’t
she’d ever seen us in the flesh we don’t
she’d ever seen us in the flesh we don’t often see this in the UK so I then was
often see this in the UK so I then was
often see this in the UK so I then was able to get treated with either macton
able to get treated with either macton
able to get treated with either macton those of you who may become provided by
those of you who may become provided by
those of you who may become provided by culture and background will know that we
culture and background will know that we
culture and background will know that we don’t usually use that for human use in
don’t usually use that for human use in
don’t usually use that for human use in the UK who use it for animals for
the UK who use it for animals for
the UK who use it for animals for treating wounds and animals but I had
treating wounds and animals but I had
treating wounds and animals but I had ivermectin it solved the problem really
ivermectin it solved the problem really
ivermectin it solved the problem really easily for me I didn’t have to go back
easily for me I didn’t have to go back
easily for me I didn’t have to go back into that contaminated environment I got
into that contaminated environment I got
into that contaminated environment I got treatment I was okay the point is
treatment I was okay the point is
treatment I was okay the point is parasites affect us all but we all have
parasites affect us all but we all have
parasites affect us all but we all have a duty to do something about it and we
a duty to do something about it and we
a duty to do something about it and we can help that by promoting water
can help that by promoting water
can help that by promoting water sanitation and health thank you
sanitation and health thank you
sanitation and health thank you [Applause]
”
Be First to Comment