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A Crisis of Courage: Africa’s 21st Century Challenge | Rachel Nyaradzo Adams | TEDxGaborone


Sankara 33 claudette colvin 15 Nelson

Sankara 33 claudette colvin 15 Nelson Mandela 26 Quinn zynga of mondongo 38

Mandela 26 Quinn zynga of mondongo 38

Mandela 26 Quinn zynga of mondongo 38 kwame nkrumah 21 these are the names of

kwame nkrumah 21 these are the names of

kwame nkrumah 21 these are the names of some of my personal heroes of African

some of my personal heroes of African

some of my personal heroes of African descent heroes who at these very young

descent heroes who at these very young

descent heroes who at these very young ages embarked on their incredible

ages embarked on their incredible

ages embarked on their incredible journeys of change making despite the

journeys of change making despite the

journeys of change making despite the assurance of risk to life to security to

assurance of risk to life to security to

assurance of risk to life to security to comfort these young men and women

comfort these young men and women

comfort these young men and women harnessed their fears and stepped into

harnessed their fears and stepped into

harnessed their fears and stepped into the gap to create the future that they

the gap to create the future that they

the gap to create the future that they preferred we know from their stories

preferred we know from their stories

preferred we know from their stories that they could have run away in search

that they could have run away in search

that they could have run away in search of easier realities somewhere else but

of easier realities somewhere else but

of easier realities somewhere else but instead these heroes searched for

instead these heroes searched for

instead these heroes searched for something else they searched for courage

something else they searched for courage

something else they searched for courage today I am here to make the case that

today I am here to make the case that

today I am here to make the case that Africa does not in fact have a

Africa does not in fact have a

Africa does not in fact have a leadership crisis to say so would be to

leadership crisis to say so would be to

leadership crisis to say so would be to assert against historical evidence that

assert against historical evidence that

assert against historical evidence that it has ever the older leader who is the

it has ever the older leader who is the

it has ever the older leader who is the protagonist of change he or she seldom

protagonist of change he or she seldom

protagonist of change he or she seldom is accumulated self-interest ties to

is accumulated self-interest ties to

is accumulated self-interest ties to promises long made a lack of energy make

promises long made a lack of energy make

promises long made a lack of energy make it very difficult for the older leader

it very difficult for the older leader

it very difficult for the older leader to be the change maker know our issue is

to be the change maker know our issue is

to be the change maker know our issue is not a crisis of leadership what Africa

not a crisis of leadership what Africa

not a crisis of leadership what Africa is actually suffering from is the lack

is actually suffering from is the lack

is actually suffering from is the lack of a critical mass of courageous

of a critical mass of courageous

of a critical mass of courageous youth

my work of the leadership practitioner

my work of the leadership practitioner sees me engaging with the personal

sees me engaging with the personal

sees me engaging with the personal stories of our emerging leaders their

stories of our emerging leaders their

stories of our emerging leaders their desires their hopes their frustrations

desires their hopes their frustrations

desires their hopes their frustrations and while I encounter some incredible

and while I encounter some incredible

and while I encounter some incredible leaders with Drive and energy what

leaders with Drive and energy what

leaders with Drive and energy what intrigues me the most about the majority

intrigues me the most about the majority

intrigues me the most about the majority of us is our curious entanglement with

of us is our curious entanglement with

of us is our curious entanglement with comfort our insistence that I could do a

comfort our insistence that I could do a

comfort our insistence that I could do a little bit more but it is inconvenient

little bit more but it is inconvenient

little bit more but it is inconvenient to my current state of affairs you see

to my current state of affairs you see

to my current state of affairs you see my young family my career my income my

my young family my career my income my

my young family my career my income my security essentially my comfort two

security essentially my comfort two

security essentially my comfort two years ago I decided to resign from a

years ago I decided to resign from a

years ago I decided to resign from a lucrative role at an American Ivy League

lucrative role at an American Ivy League

lucrative role at an American Ivy League and return to my ailing country of

and return to my ailing country of

and return to my ailing country of Zimbabwe everyone I know said I was

Zimbabwe everyone I know said I was

Zimbabwe everyone I know said I was barking mad to even consider such a

barking mad to even consider such a

barking mad to even consider such a thing they told me I was going to waste

thing they told me I was going to waste

thing they told me I was going to waste my youth a close friend of mine advised

my youth a close friend of mine advised

my youth a close friend of mine advised me stay in America for a few more years

me stay in America for a few more years

me stay in America for a few more years until you at least get a green card his

until you at least get a green card his

until you at least get a green card his words you will need it for a rainy day

words you will need it for a rainy day

words you will need it for a rainy day Africa always has a rainy day I rejected

Africa always has a rainy day I rejected

Africa always has a rainy day I rejected that option and everyone agreed that I

that option and everyone agreed that I

that option and everyone agreed that I had courage courage that ability to take

had courage courage that ability to take

had courage courage that ability to take tough decisions and take tough actions

tough decisions and take tough actions

tough decisions and take tough actions precisely when it is most difficult to

precisely when it is most difficult to

precisely when it is most difficult to do so you see my country at the time and

do so you see my country at the time and

do so you see my country at the time and still is plagued with political

still is plagued with political

still is plagued with political instability and economic decline power

instability and economic decline power

instability and economic decline power shortages water rationing limited career

shortages water rationing limited career

shortages water rationing limited career opportunities a declining health system

opportunities a declining health system

opportunities a declining health system even monopoly money these are the issues

even monopoly money these are the issues

even monopoly money these are the issues of the day the 15 years that I had

of the day the 15 years that I had

of the day the 15 years that I had enjoyed enjoying the comfort Sri of the

enjoyed enjoying the comfort Sri of the

enjoyed enjoying the comfort Sri of the different countries that I’d lived in

different countries that I’d lived in

different countries that I’d lived in the UK the u.s. and South Africa

the UK the u.s. and South Africa

the UK the u.s. and South Africa were really 15 years where I was

were really 15 years where I was

were really 15 years where I was avoiding the big elephant in the room

avoiding the big elephant in the room

avoiding the big elephant in the room like many of my peers I wanted to go

like many of my peers I wanted to go

like many of my peers I wanted to go back home one day but only when things

back home one day but only when things

back home one day but only when things got better then slowly but surely that

got better then slowly but surely that

got better then slowly but surely that question that I’m sure plagues you once

question that I’m sure plagues you once

question that I’m sure plagues you once in a while

in a while

in a while became louder and unbearable in my head

became louder and unbearable in my head

became louder and unbearable in my head whose responsibility was it to make it

whose responsibility was it to make it

whose responsibility was it to make it better and I started to feel guilty so

better and I started to feel guilty so

better and I started to feel guilty so here I finally was home eager to make a

here I finally was home eager to make a

here I finally was home eager to make a difference but not naive to the issues I

difference but not naive to the issues I

difference but not naive to the issues I was likely to face when I landed in our

was likely to face when I landed in our

was likely to face when I landed in our small airport and made my way into my

small airport and made my way into my

small airport and made my way into my brother-in-law’s car my nephew who was

brother-in-law’s car my nephew who was

brother-in-law’s car my nephew who was 16 at the time said something that

16 at the time said something that

16 at the time said something that rattled me he said welcome to the land

rattled me he said welcome to the land

rattled me he said welcome to the land where nothing works auntie you’re crazy

where nothing works auntie you’re crazy

where nothing works auntie you’re crazy for coming back my heart made its way to

for coming back my heart made its way to

for coming back my heart made its way to my throat and I started to wonder if I

my throat and I started to wonder if I

my throat and I started to wonder if I had indeed made a mistake once the

had indeed made a mistake once the

had indeed made a mistake once the smooth stretch of airport road was

smooth stretch of airport road was

smooth stretch of airport road was finished and we started to hit pothole

finished and we started to hit pothole

finished and we started to hit pothole after pothole and I took in the

after pothole and I took in the

after pothole and I took in the declining state of the infrastructure in

declining state of the infrastructure in

declining state of the infrastructure in my country the torn flags barely hanging

my country the torn flags barely hanging

my country the torn flags barely hanging from bendy poles and the old paint that

from bendy poles and the old paint that

from bendy poles and the old paint that was on its last legs I had to admit that

was on its last legs I had to admit that

was on its last legs I had to admit that in that moment more than courage I felt

in that moment more than courage I felt

in that moment more than courage I felt anxious I felt alone and I felt helpless

anxious I felt alone and I felt helpless

anxious I felt alone and I felt helpless what did I really think I was gonna do

what did I really think I was gonna do

what did I really think I was gonna do to make a difference who did I think I

to make a difference who did I think I

to make a difference who did I think I was what delusions of grandeur was I

was what delusions of grandeur was I

was what delusions of grandeur was I harboring and to be honest in that

harboring and to be honest in that

harboring and to be honest in that moment I did think what was I thinking

moment I did think what was I thinking

moment I did think what was I thinking leaving the u.s. without that damn green

leaving the u.s. without that damn green

leaving the u.s. without that damn green card the anxiety was quickly followed by

card the anxiety was quickly followed by

card the anxiety was quickly followed by anger and blame what had they done to

anger and blame what had they done to

anger and blame what had they done to the country when would they wake up to

the country when would they wake up to

the country when would they wake up to this state of decline and would they

this state of decline and would they

this state of decline and would they actually give youth like myself a chance

actually give youth like myself a chance

actually give youth like myself a chance to self actualize the words my nephew

to self actualize the words my nephew

to self actualize the words my nephew spoke and the emotions I felt afterwards

spoke and the emotions I felt afterwards

spoke and the emotions I felt afterwards characterized for me what I think is

characterized for me what I think is

characterized for me what I think is wrong with the spirit of youth

wrong with the spirit of youth

wrong with the spirit of youth in the 21st century the sense of

in the 21st century the sense of

in the 21st century the sense of resignation and fatalism when it comes

resignation and fatalism when it comes

resignation and fatalism when it comes to strategically addressing the issues

to strategically addressing the issues

to strategically addressing the issues on the continent

on the continent

on the continent there’s always their fault they the

there’s always their fault they the

there’s always their fault they the politicians they the colonialists they

politicians they the colonialists they

politicians they the colonialists they the multilateral they the institution’s

the multilateral they the institution’s

the multilateral they the institution’s but never us never our lack of real

but never us never our lack of real

but never us never our lack of real engagement never our half-measures never

engagement never our half-measures never

engagement never our half-measures never our tendency to run away and blame never

our tendency to run away and blame never

our tendency to run away and blame never our lack of courage to do the thing we

our lack of courage to do the thing we

our lack of courage to do the thing we know we should be doing building towards

know we should be doing building towards

know we should be doing building towards what is rightfully ours in Kasana Moyo

what is rightfully ours in Kasana Moyo

what is rightfully ours in Kasana Moyo arguably Africa’s foremost thought

arguably Africa’s foremost thought

arguably Africa’s foremost thought leader makes the point that invention

leader makes the point that invention

leader makes the point that invention imagination and innovation belong to the

imagination and innovation belong to the

imagination and innovation belong to the young and yet even the youngest amongst

young and yet even the youngest amongst

young and yet even the youngest amongst us like my nephew is paralyzed by a

us like my nephew is paralyzed by a

us like my nephew is paralyzed by a sense of powerlessness in the face of

sense of powerlessness in the face of

sense of powerlessness in the face of old power and old systems we lack

old power and old systems we lack

old power and old systems we lack courage we run away we complain we

courage we run away we complain we

courage we run away we complain we intellectualize we even toy toy our

intellectualize we even toy toy our

intellectualize we even toy toy our anger makes us reactionary we seldom

anger makes us reactionary we seldom

anger makes us reactionary we seldom actually make the decision to

actually make the decision to

actually make the decision to strategically build towards what we

strategically build towards what we

strategically build towards what we believe we deserve different to these

believe we deserve different to these

believe we deserve different to these heroes who understood that youth was

heroes who understood that youth was

heroes who understood that youth was perhaps their greatest asset we guard

perhaps their greatest asset we guard

perhaps their greatest asset we guard our youth selfishly so as not to

our youth selfishly so as not to

our youth selfishly so as not to experience any inconvenience or danger

experience any inconvenience or danger

experience any inconvenience or danger Steve Bantu Biko at only 26 started the

Steve Bantu Biko at only 26 started the

Steve Bantu Biko at only 26 started the black people’s convention to promote the

black people’s convention to promote the

black people’s convention to promote the ideas of black consciousness which

ideas of black consciousness which

ideas of black consciousness which remained central to black identity to

remained central to black identity to

remained central to black identity to this day putting his life on the line

this day putting his life on the line

this day putting his life on the line Ellen Johnson Sirleaf at only 34 gave

Ellen Johnson Sirleaf at only 34 gave

Ellen Johnson Sirleaf at only 34 gave the speech that called out liberius

the speech that called out liberius

the speech that called out liberius corporations and their non patriotic

corporations and their non patriotic

corporations and their non patriotic approach to business and development

approach to business and development

approach to business and development putting her career on the line Martin

putting her career on the line Martin

putting her career on the line Martin Luther King at only 26 became president

Luther King at only 26 became president

Luther King at only 26 became president of the Montgomery Improvement

of the Montgomery Improvement

of the Montgomery Improvement Association and organized a 13-month bus

Association and organized a 13-month bus

Association and organized a 13-month bus boycott not just a

boycott not just a

boycott not just a toy boy that would see to the end of

toy boy that would see to the end of

toy boy that would see to the end of segregation on buses in Montgomery later

segregation on buses in Montgomery later

segregation on buses in Montgomery later losing his life for his convictions Alec

losing his life for his convictions Alec

losing his life for his convictions Alec Oh Dan gotta at only 20 years old

Oh Dan gotta at only 20 years old

Oh Dan gotta at only 20 years old started the entrepreneurial journey that

started the entrepreneurial journey that

started the entrepreneurial journey that would make him Africa’s richest man but

would make him Africa’s richest man but

would make him Africa’s richest man but also the 67th richest person in the

also the 67th richest person in the

also the 67th richest person in the world when I met him in 2013 he told me

world when I met him in 2013 he told me

world when I met him in 2013 he told me he hadn’t taken a vacation for 12 years

he hadn’t taken a vacation for 12 years

he hadn’t taken a vacation for 12 years these men and women displayed courage in

these men and women displayed courage in

these men and women displayed courage in daring to not only imagine but to act on

daring to not only imagine but to act on

daring to not only imagine but to act on their convictions of what was right for

their convictions of what was right for

their convictions of what was right for the time in which they lived they and

the time in which they lived they and

the time in which they lived they and others like them did not worry that by

others like them did not worry that by

others like them did not worry that by taking the difficult path they would not

taking the difficult path they would not

taking the difficult path they would not be able to live a luxurious lifestyle it

be able to live a luxurious lifestyle it

be able to live a luxurious lifestyle it seems to many of us that the African

seems to many of us that the African

seems to many of us that the African dream is to have the right address the

dream is to have the right address the

dream is to have the right address the right car the right clothes and holidays

right car the right clothes and holidays

right car the right clothes and holidays and to broadcast them on social media

and to broadcast them on social media

and to broadcast them on social media with just the right selfie or video our

with just the right selfie or video our

with just the right selfie or video our predecessors actually faced real

predecessors actually faced real

predecessors actually faced real uncertainty they faced arrest

uncertainty they faced arrest

uncertainty they faced arrest they even faced death my work as an

they even faced death my work as an

they even faced death my work as an ontological coach has taught me three

ontological coach has taught me three

ontological coach has taught me three critical insights for cultivating

critical insights for cultivating

critical insights for cultivating courage so I would want to offer these

courage so I would want to offer these

courage so I would want to offer these insights to you as an invitation to live

insights to you as an invitation to live

insights to you as an invitation to live your life courageously in this

your life courageously in this

your life courageously in this particular historical moment where

particular historical moment where

particular historical moment where African needs us the most first we have

African needs us the most first we have

African needs us the most first we have to cultivate different thought and

to cultivate different thought and

to cultivate different thought and emotional patterns we don’t teach

emotional patterns we don’t teach

emotional patterns we don’t teach emotions in schools and sell them in our

emotions in schools and sell them in our

emotions in schools and sell them in our MBAs and yet emotions are the final

MBAs and yet emotions are the final

MBAs and yet emotions are the final drivers towards actions our actions are

drivers towards actions our actions are

drivers towards actions our actions are determined by how we feel and how we

determined by how we feel and how we

determined by how we feel and how we feel is determined by what we think on a

feel is determined by what we think on a

feel is determined by what we think on a day to day basis the challenge I

day to day basis the challenge I

day to day basis the challenge I encounter with the young leaders I work

encounter with the young leaders I work

encounter with the young leaders I work with is that they are stuck in two

with is that they are stuck in two

with is that they are stuck in two equally arresting thought patterns one

equally arresting thought patterns one

equally arresting thought patterns one says that history and the world have

says that history and the world have

says that history and the world have done us wrong and that we remain victims

done us wrong and that we remain victims

done us wrong and that we remain victims of a colonial past and more recently

of a colonial past and more recently

of a colonial past and more recently victims of current leadership in other

victims of current leadership in other

victims of current leadership in other words we are owed something by these

words we are owed something by these

words we are owed something by these people who have done us wrong

people who have done us wrong

people who have done us wrong the other is of an inflated idea of an

the other is of an inflated idea of an

the other is of an inflated idea of an Africa rising that is informed more by

Africa rising that is informed more by

Africa rising that is informed more by GDP figures and less by the lived

GDP figures and less by the lived

GDP figures and less by the lived experience of the average African both

experience of the average African both

experience of the average African both are problematic the first thought

are problematic the first thought

are problematic the first thought pattern cultivates emotions of anger

pattern cultivates emotions of anger

pattern cultivates emotions of anger resentment and entitlement dangerous

resentment and entitlement dangerous

resentment and entitlement dangerous because we know that while these

because we know that while these

because we know that while these emotions feel powerful at a vibrational

emotions feel powerful at a vibrational

emotions feel powerful at a vibrational level they’re actually paralyzing and

level they’re actually paralyzing and

level they’re actually paralyzing and limiting the second thought pattern

limiting the second thought pattern

limiting the second thought pattern tends to create emotions of euphoria

tends to create emotions of euphoria

tends to create emotions of euphoria equally dangerous because they’re not

equally dangerous because they’re not

equally dangerous because they’re not grounded in present reality the

grounded in present reality the

grounded in present reality the intermediary emotion between these two

intermediary emotion between these two

intermediary emotion between these two extremes courage is the grounding

extremes courage is the grounding

extremes courage is the grounding emotion that launches the higher ranking

emotion that launches the higher ranking

emotion that launches the higher ranking emotions of reason resilience and then

emotions of reason resilience and then

emotions of reason resilience and then enlightenment with courage we can begin

enlightenment with courage we can begin

enlightenment with courage we can begin to look head-on at the fact that our

to look head-on at the fact that our

to look head-on at the fact that our growth remains none inclusive and that

growth remains none inclusive and that

growth remains none inclusive and that the Africa rising story is the story of

the Africa rising story is the story of

the Africa rising story is the story of an elite few and not of the deprived

an elite few and not of the deprived

an elite few and not of the deprived many we can take a look at the fact that

many we can take a look at the fact that

many we can take a look at the fact that we keep voting septuagenarians into

we keep voting septuagenarians into

we keep voting septuagenarians into power despite being in the youngest

power despite being in the youngest

power despite being in the youngest population in the world we can look at

population in the world we can look at

population in the world we can look at the fact that we continue to preserve

the fact that we continue to preserve

the fact that we continue to preserve the sovereignty of small and sustainable

the sovereignty of small and sustainable

the sovereignty of small and sustainable nations instead of harnessing the power

nations instead of harnessing the power

nations instead of harnessing the power of our pan-african ideal and the fact

of our pan-african ideal and the fact

of our pan-african ideal and the fact that just as we miss the Industrial

that just as we miss the Industrial

that just as we miss the Industrial Revolution it actually looks like we may

Revolution it actually looks like we may

Revolution it actually looks like we may miss the technological one too as long

miss the technological one too as long

miss the technological one too as long as we refuse to confront the issues as

as we refuse to confront the issues as

as we refuse to confront the issues as they are with courage we will continue

they are with courage we will continue

they are with courage we will continue to cultivate the wrong emotions and

to cultivate the wrong emotions and

to cultivate the wrong emotions and therefore create second best solutions

therefore create second best solutions

therefore create second best solutions to our challenges despite the in

to our challenges despite the in

to our challenges despite the in justices of the past no one owes us

justices of the past no one owes us

justices of the past no one owes us anything and despite the future of the

anything and despite the future of the

anything and despite the future of the promise we are not of the promise of the

promise we are not of the promise of the

promise we are not of the promise of the future we are not yet there

future we are not yet there

future we are not yet there courage as an emotion will allow us to

courage as an emotion will allow us to

courage as an emotion will allow us to look at these things head-on

look at these things head-on

look at these things head-on secondly we need to clearly articulate

secondly we need to clearly articulate

secondly we need to clearly articulate what we are willing to risk a defining

what we are willing to risk a defining

what we are willing to risk a defining element of courage is that despite the

element of courage is that despite the

element of courage is that despite the fear you feel you choose to put

fear you feel you choose to put

fear you feel you choose to put something at risk in order to have an

something at risk in order to have an

something at risk in order to have an impact often we want to talk about what

impact often we want to talk about what

impact often we want to talk about what we stand to gain when change happens but

we stand to gain when change happens but

we stand to gain when change happens but seldom what we stand to lose the reality

seldom what we stand to lose the reality

seldom what we stand to lose the reality check of what I could lose is precisely

check of what I could lose is precisely

check of what I could lose is precisely what makes courage so difficult the

what makes courage so difficult the

what makes courage so difficult the question we need to start asking

question we need to start asking

question we need to start asking ourselves as young people is what do I

ourselves as young people is what do I

ourselves as young people is what do I choose right now to forego so that I can

choose right now to forego so that I can

choose right now to forego so that I can experience in the future what I deserve

experience in the future what I deserve

experience in the future what I deserve what the people of my continent

what the people of my continent

what the people of my continent deserve this is what our liberation

deserve this is what our liberation

deserve this is what our liberation leaders have over us and keep holding

leaders have over us and keep holding

leaders have over us and keep holding over our heads they were willing to lose

over our heads they were willing to lose

over our heads they were willing to lose something and often we are not it was

something and often we are not it was

something and often we are not it was Jeff Kennedy who said ask not what your

Jeff Kennedy who said ask not what your

Jeff Kennedy who said ask not what your country can do for you but what you can

country can do for you but what you can

country can do for you but what you can do for your country when was the last

do for your country when was the last

do for your country when was the last time you risk something with the

time you risk something with the

time you risk something with the conscious mindset that you were doing it

conscious mindset that you were doing it

conscious mindset that you were doing it for your country

for your country

for your country think about it when was the last time

think about it when was the last time

think about it when was the last time you risked something with the conscious

you risked something with the conscious

you risked something with the conscious mind said that you were doing it for

mind said that you were doing it for

mind said that you were doing it for your continent it’s a step that we

your continent it’s a step that we

your continent it’s a step that we cannot miss if we are to create change

cannot miss if we are to create change

cannot miss if we are to create change and finally step three we need to go

and finally step three we need to go

and finally step three we need to go beyond protest and Toit oil and harness

beyond protest and Toit oil and harness

beyond protest and Toit oil and harness the power of technology information and

the power of technology information and

the power of technology information and networks to build the institutions and

networks to build the institutions and

networks to build the institutions and infrastructure that speak to our ideals

infrastructure that speak to our ideals

infrastructure that speak to our ideals protest is a useful tool yes but it is

protest is a useful tool yes but it is

protest is a useful tool yes but it is not the most powerful organization is

not the most powerful organization is

not the most powerful organization is more powerful collaboration across

more powerful collaboration across

more powerful collaboration across borders is much more sustainable

borders is much more sustainable

borders is much more sustainable building excellent systems that dislodge

building excellent systems that dislodge

building excellent systems that dislodge old irrelevant ones is true revolution

old irrelevant ones is true revolution

old irrelevant ones is true revolution the story of William Kumpf Amba opened

the story of William Kumpf Amba opened

the story of William Kumpf Amba opened up a realm of possibilities for us as

up a realm of possibilities for us as

up a realm of possibilities for us as young people if a boy in a poor village

young people if a boy in a poor village

young people if a boy in a poor village in Malawi

in Malawi

in Malawi only age 40 could change the destiny of

only age 40 could change the destiny of

only age 40 could change the destiny of his village using only two books and

his village using only two books and

his village using only two books and scrap material from a rubbish dump

scrap material from a rubbish dump

scrap material from a rubbish dump to build power generating and water

to build power generating and water

to build power generating and water generating windmills then what excuse do

generating windmills then what excuse do

generating windmills then what excuse do we have emotional expert Richard

we have emotional expert Richard

we have emotional expert Richard asourian illustrates that the outcome of

asourian illustrates that the outcome of

asourian illustrates that the outcome of acting courageously is that often

acting courageously is that often

acting courageously is that often something new is created this is a

something new is created this is a

something new is created this is a critical point er for us as African

critical point er for us as African

critical point er for us as African youth if the energy we are exerting is

youth if the energy we are exerting is

youth if the energy we are exerting is not creating something new but is used

not creating something new but is used

not creating something new but is used largely to complain and protest against

largely to complain and protest against

largely to complain and protest against old institutions then we are in fact not

old institutions then we are in fact not

old institutions then we are in fact not being courageous

being courageous

being courageous we’re being passive-aggressive when you

we’re being passive-aggressive when you

we’re being passive-aggressive when you exist in an emotional energy of anger

exist in an emotional energy of anger

exist in an emotional energy of anger and protest all the time you’re likely

and protest all the time you’re likely

and protest all the time you’re likely on what ontology is call a downward

on what ontology is call a downward

on what ontology is call a downward spiral and very far from creativity

spiral and very far from creativity

spiral and very far from creativity passion or innovation so don’t be

passion or innovation so don’t be

passion or innovation so don’t be seduced protesting and toy toying alone

seduced protesting and toy toying alone

seduced protesting and toy toying alone and not good indicators for a society’s

and not good indicators for a society’s

and not good indicators for a society’s ability to move upwards what you fight

ability to move upwards what you fight

ability to move upwards what you fight only strengthens what you resist

only strengthens what you resist

only strengthens what you resist persists but when you build when you

persists but when you build when you

persists but when you build when you create when you birth a new reality into

create when you birth a new reality into

create when you birth a new reality into humanity’s consciousness now that is

humanity’s consciousness now that is

humanity’s consciousness now that is powerful

graça Machel 28 Ruth first 21 dennis

graça Machel 28 Ruth first 21 dennis goldberg 28 patrice lumumba 33 fred swan

goldberg 28 patrice lumumba 33 fred swan

goldberg 28 patrice lumumba 33 fred swan iike 18 Ahmed Kathrada 12 CS Lewis

iike 18 Ahmed Kathrada 12 CS Lewis

iike 18 Ahmed Kathrada 12 CS Lewis stated that parish is not simply one of

stated that parish is not simply one of

stated that parish is not simply one of the virtues but the form of every virtue

the virtues but the form of every virtue

the virtues but the form of every virtue at the testing point the 21st century

at the testing point the 21st century

at the testing point the 21st century will be Africa’s greatest test what we

will be Africa’s greatest test what we

will be Africa’s greatest test what we become will be dependent on whether we

become will be dependent on whether we

become will be dependent on whether we as African youth starts to understand

as African youth starts to understand

as African youth starts to understand that the burden is upon us to live our

that the burden is upon us to live our

that the burden is upon us to live our lives with courage and perhaps to even

lives with courage and perhaps to even

lives with courage and perhaps to even lose them with courage the next time you

lose them with courage the next time you

lose them with courage the next time you find yourself complaining about the

find yourself complaining about the

find yourself complaining about the state of our continent the next time you

state of our continent the next time you

state of our continent the next time you find yourself resigning to the status

find yourself resigning to the status

find yourself resigning to the status quo the next time you start looking for

quo the next time you start looking for

quo the next time you start looking for a way out or for an easy Avenue remember

a way out or for an easy Avenue remember

a way out or for an easy Avenue remember this life shrinks and expands in

this life shrinks and expands in

this life shrinks and expands in proportion to the courage that you are

proportion to the courage that you are

proportion to the courage that you are willing to cultivate our crisis is not a

willing to cultivate our crisis is not a

willing to cultivate our crisis is not a crisis of leadership our crisis is a

crisis of leadership our crisis is a

crisis of leadership our crisis is a crisis of youth in danger of never

crisis of youth in danger of never

crisis of youth in danger of never knowing the power of their courage I

knowing the power of their courage I

knowing the power of their courage I thank

thank

thank [Applause]

[Applause]

[Applause] [Music]

”

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