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Origins of the Universe 101 | National Geographic


the universe is everything from the

the universe is everything from the tiniest particles to the largest

tiniest particles to the largest

tiniest particles to the largest galaxies to the very existence of

galaxies to the very existence of

galaxies to the very existence of space-time and life but how did it all

space-time and life but how did it all

space-time and life but how did it all begin the origin of the universe is the

begin the origin of the universe is the

begin the origin of the universe is the origin of everything multiple scientific

origin of everything multiple scientific

origin of everything multiple scientific theories plus creation myths from around

theories plus creation myths from around

theories plus creation myths from around the world have tried to explain its

the world have tried to explain its

the world have tried to explain its mysterious Genesis however the most

mysterious Genesis however the most

mysterious Genesis however the most widely accepted explanation is the Big

widely accepted explanation is the Big

widely accepted explanation is the Big Bang Theory the Big Bang Theory states

Bang Theory the Big Bang Theory states

Bang Theory the Big Bang Theory states that the universe began as a hot an

that the universe began as a hot an

that the universe began as a hot an infinitely dense point only a few

infinitely dense point only a few

infinitely dense point only a few millimeters wide it was similar to a

millimeters wide it was similar to a

millimeters wide it was similar to a supercharged black hole about 13.7

supercharged black hole about 13.7

supercharged black hole about 13.7 billion years ago

billion years ago

billion years ago this tiny singularity violently exploded

this tiny singularity violently exploded

this tiny singularity violently exploded and it is from this explosion this bang

and it is from this explosion this bang

and it is from this explosion this bang that all matter energy space and time

that all matter energy space and time

that all matter energy space and time were created what happened next were two

were created what happened next were two

were created what happened next were two major stages of the universe’s evolution

major stages of the universe’s evolution

major stages of the universe’s evolution called the radiation and matter eras

called the radiation and matter eras

called the radiation and matter eras they’re defined by key events that help

they’re defined by key events that help

they’re defined by key events that help shape the universe first came the

shape the universe first came the

shape the universe first came the radiation era named for the dominance of

radiation era named for the dominance of

radiation era named for the dominance of radiation right after the Big Bang this

radiation right after the Big Bang this

radiation right after the Big Bang this era is made of smaller stages called

era is made of smaller stages called

era is made of smaller stages called epochs that occurred within the

epochs that occurred within the

epochs that occurred within the universe’s first tens of thousands of

universe’s first tens of thousands of

universe’s first tens of thousands of years the earliest is the Planck epoch

years the earliest is the Planck epoch

years the earliest is the Planck epoch no matter existed in the universe at

no matter existed in the universe at

no matter existed in the universe at this time only energy and the ancestor

this time only energy and the ancestor

this time only energy and the ancestor to the four forces of nature the super

to the four forces of nature the super

to the four forces of nature the super force at the end of this stage however a

force at the end of this stage however a

force at the end of this stage however a key event occurred in which gravity

key event occurred in which gravity

key event occurred in which gravity split away from the super force

split away from the super force

split away from the super force next came the grand unification epic

next came the grand unification epic

next came the grand unification epic named for the three remaining unified

named for the three remaining unified

named for the three remaining unified forces of nature

forces of nature

forces of nature this epic ended when one of those forces

this epic ended when one of those forces

this epic ended when one of those forces called strong or strong nuclear broke

called strong or strong nuclear broke

called strong or strong nuclear broke away then the inflationary epoch began

away then the inflationary epoch began

away then the inflationary epoch began during which the universe rapidly

during which the universe rapidly

during which the universe rapidly expanded almost instantly it grew from

expanded almost instantly it grew from

expanded almost instantly it grew from the size of an atom to the size of a

the size of an atom to the size of a

the size of an atom to the size of a grapefruit the universe of this time was

grapefruit the universe of this time was

grapefruit the universe of this time was piping hot and it churned with electrons

piping hot and it churned with electrons

piping hot and it churned with electrons quarks and other particles then came the

quarks and other particles then came the

quarks and other particles then came the electroweak epoch when the last two

electroweak epoch when the last two

electroweak epoch when the last two forces electromagnetic and weak finally

forces electromagnetic and weak finally

forces electromagnetic and weak finally split off during the next stage the

split off during the next stage the

split off during the next stage the quark epoch all of the universe’s

quark epoch all of the universe’s

quark epoch all of the universe’s ingredients were present however the

ingredients were present however the

ingredients were present however the universe was still too hot and dense for

universe was still too hot and dense for

universe was still too hot and dense for subatomic particles to form then in the

subatomic particles to form then in the

subatomic particles to form then in the Hadron epoch the universe cooled down

Hadron epoch the universe cooled down

Hadron epoch the universe cooled down enough for courts to bind together and

enough for courts to bind together and

enough for courts to bind together and form protons and neutrons in the lepton

form protons and neutrons in the lepton

form protons and neutrons in the lepton and nuclear epochs the radiation eras

and nuclear epochs the radiation eras

and nuclear epochs the radiation eras last two stages the protons and neutrons

last two stages the protons and neutrons

last two stages the protons and neutrons underwent a significant change they

underwent a significant change they

underwent a significant change they fused and created nuclei and in doing so

fused and created nuclei and in doing so

fused and created nuclei and in doing so they created the first chemical element

they created the first chemical element

they created the first chemical element in the universe helium the universe’s

in the universe helium the universe’s

in the universe helium the universe’s new ability to form elements the

new ability to form elements the

new ability to form elements the building blocks of matter cused the

building blocks of matter cused the

building blocks of matter cused the matter era much as the name suggests the

matter era much as the name suggests the

matter era much as the name suggests the matter eras defined by the presence and

matter eras defined by the presence and

matter eras defined by the presence and predominance of matter in the universe

predominance of matter in the universe

predominance of matter in the universe it features three epochs that span

it features three epochs that span

it features three epochs that span billions of years the vast majority of

billions of years the vast majority of

billions of years the vast majority of the universe’s lifespan and includes the

the universe’s lifespan and includes the

the universe’s lifespan and includes the present-day the first was the atomic

present-day the first was the atomic

present-day the first was the atomic epoch in this stage the universe’s

epoch in this stage the universe’s

epoch in this stage the universe’s temperature cooled down enough for

temperature cooled down enough for

temperature cooled down enough for electrons to attach to nuclei for the

electrons to attach to nuclei for the

electrons to attach to nuclei for the first time called recombination this

first time called recombination this

first time called recombination this process helped create the universe’s

process helped create the universe’s

process helped create the universe’s second element hydrogen

second element hydrogen

second element hydrogen this hydrogen along with helium atoms

this hydrogen along with helium atoms

this hydrogen along with helium atoms dotted the universe with atomic clouds

dotted the universe with atomic clouds

dotted the universe with atomic clouds within the clouds small pockets of gas

within the clouds small pockets of gas

within the clouds small pockets of gas may have had enough gravity to cause

may have had enough gravity to cause

may have had enough gravity to cause atoms to collect these clusters of atoms

atoms to collect these clusters of atoms

atoms to collect these clusters of atoms formed during the Galactic epoch became

formed during the Galactic epoch became

formed during the Galactic epoch became the seedlings of galaxies nestled inside

the seedlings of galaxies nestled inside

the seedlings of galaxies nestled inside those galaxies stars began to form and

those galaxies stars began to form and

those galaxies stars began to form and in doing so they cued the latest and

in doing so they cued the latest and

in doing so they cued the latest and current stage of the universe’s

current stage of the universe’s

current stage of the universe’s development the stellar epoch the

development the stellar epoch the

development the stellar epoch the formation of stars then caused a

formation of stars then caused a

formation of stars then caused a tremendous ripple effect and helped

tremendous ripple effect and helped

tremendous ripple effect and helped shape the universe as we know it heat

shape the universe as we know it heat

shape the universe as we know it heat within the stars caused the conversion

within the stars caused the conversion

within the stars caused the conversion of helium and hydrogen and to almost all

of helium and hydrogen and to almost all

of helium and hydrogen and to almost all the remaining elements in the universe

the remaining elements in the universe

the remaining elements in the universe in turn those elements became the

in turn those elements became the

in turn those elements became the building blocks for planets moons life

building blocks for planets moons life

building blocks for planets moons life everything we see today this ecosystem

everything we see today this ecosystem

everything we see today this ecosystem of everything was only possible because

of everything was only possible because

of everything was only possible because of the many stages in the universe’s

of the many stages in the universe’s

of the many stages in the universe’s development while countless questions

development while countless questions

development while countless questions about the origins of our universe remain

about the origins of our universe remain

about the origins of our universe remain it’s only a matter of time for some long

it’s only a matter of time for some long

it’s only a matter of time for some long sought answers to emerge

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