we begin in darkness then a single spark and change ripples through the world the
and change ripples through the world the
and change ripples through the world the seed in the soil seeks light the cell
seed in the soil seeks light the cell
seed in the soil seeks light the cell splits into the mine pulses with
splits into the mine pulses with
splits into the mine pulses with knowledge
knowledge
knowledge today we know so much we have cracked
today we know so much we have cracked
today we know so much we have cracked the code of life clinched the birth of
the code of life clinched the birth of
the code of life clinched the birth of the cosmos explored infinities and yet
the cosmos explored infinities and yet
the cosmos explored infinities and yet far more remains in darkness most of the
far more remains in darkness most of the
far more remains in darkness most of the universe is of unknown substance our
universe is of unknown substance our
universe is of unknown substance our minds our mystery to us in this darkness
minds our mystery to us in this darkness
minds our mystery to us in this darkness all we have is our ideas so let us turn
all we have is our ideas so let us turn
all we have is our ideas so let us turn their flame until they grow and spread
their flame until they grow and spread
their flame until they grow and spread expanding circles of enlightenment
expanding circles of enlightenment
expanding circles of enlightenment sparks of creation tonight live from
sparks of creation tonight live from
sparks of creation tonight live from hangar one and NASA’s Ames Research
hangar one and NASA’s Ames Research
hangar one and NASA’s Ames Research Center in Silicon Valley the brightest
Center in Silicon Valley the brightest
Center in Silicon Valley the brightest stars from the worlds of sciences
stars from the worlds of sciences
stars from the worlds of sciences technology and Hollywood
technology and Hollywood
technology and Hollywood are gathered to award over 25 million
are gathered to award over 25 million
are gathered to award over 25 million dollars for excellence in life science
dollars for excellence in life science
dollars for excellence in life science mathematics and physics
[Music]
[Music] this is the breakthrough prize
this is the breakthrough prize
this is the breakthrough prize scientists changing the world please
scientists changing the world please
scientists changing the world please welcome your host Morgan Freeman
welcome your host Morgan Freeman
welcome your host Morgan Freeman [Music]
welcome to the breakthrough prize
welcome to the breakthrough prize ceremony let’s take the journey back to
ceremony let’s take the journey back to
ceremony let’s take the journey back to the 1600s to celebrate a birth not of a
the 1600s to celebrate a birth not of a
the 1600s to celebrate a birth not of a person but the birth of an idea it began
person but the birth of an idea it began
person but the birth of an idea it began as a faint notion in a few brave minds
as a faint notion in a few brave minds
as a faint notion in a few brave minds at the forefront was a math professor
at the forefront was a math professor
at the forefront was a math professor and Italy named Galileo but he was not
and Italy named Galileo but he was not
and Italy named Galileo but he was not alone
alone
alone a few other brave minds shared that
a few other brave minds shared that
a few other brave minds shared that revolutionary that revolutionary notion
revolutionary that revolutionary notion
revolutionary that revolutionary notion hard to say soon after his birth this
hard to say soon after his birth this
hard to say soon after his birth this radical ideas grew stronger and it began
radical ideas grew stronger and it began
radical ideas grew stronger and it began to spread the idea was simple to
to spread the idea was simple to
to spread the idea was simple to discover the truth you must question
discover the truth you must question
discover the truth you must question everything every explanation you’ve ever
everything every explanation you’ve ever
everything every explanation you’ve ever been told for why things are as they are
been told for why things are as they are
been told for why things are as they are and not merely question it but criticize
and not merely question it but criticize
and not merely question it but criticize it try to disprove it test it on the
it try to disprove it test it on the
it try to disprove it test it on the world if it fails the test throw it away
world if it fails the test throw it away
world if it fails the test throw it away think of a new explanation then question
think of a new explanation then question
think of a new explanation then question that explanation in your mission to get
that explanation in your mission to get
that explanation in your mission to get closer to the truth and that idea is how
closer to the truth and that idea is how
closer to the truth and that idea is how we got here
we got here
we got here is how so many of you are here tonight
is how so many of you are here tonight
is how so many of you are here tonight with us though we’re separated by
with us though we’re separated by
with us though we’re separated by mountains and oceans it’s how we cured
mountains and oceans it’s how we cured
mountains and oceans it’s how we cured polio lit up the world walked on the
polio lit up the world walked on the
polio lit up the world walked on the moon silence is not a merely a topic in
moon silence is not a merely a topic in
moon silence is not a merely a topic in a textbook science science is a way of
a textbook science science is a way of
a textbook science science is a way of thinking the most powerful one we ever
thinking the most powerful one we ever
thinking the most powerful one we ever dreamed them powerful but fragile
dreamed them powerful but fragile
dreamed them powerful but fragile Galileo lived out his old age under
Galileo lived out his old age under
Galileo lived out his old age under house arrest for claiming the Earth
house arrest for claiming the Earth
house arrest for claiming the Earth spins his contemporary geodon Oh Bruno
spins his contemporary geodon Oh Bruno
spins his contemporary geodon Oh Bruno who imagined star systems beyond our own
who imagined star systems beyond our own
who imagined star systems beyond our own was burned at the stake so they’re long
was burned at the stake so they’re long
was burned at the stake so they’re long gone
gone
gone their ideas endured today but make no
their ideas endured today but make no
their ideas endured today but make no mistake their ideas all ideas are not
mistake their ideas all ideas are not
mistake their ideas all ideas are not immortal
immortal
immortal they must be nurtured in a society that
they must be nurtured in a society that
they must be nurtured in a society that values truth or they may yet be
values truth or they may yet be
values truth or they may yet be extinguished that is why it is time to
extinguished that is why it is time to
extinguished that is why it is time to renew our commitment to the truth we
renew our commitment to the truth we
renew our commitment to the truth we must honor those who relentlessly seek
must honor those who relentlessly seek
must honor those who relentlessly seek it
it
it we must rededicate ourselves to always
we must rededicate ourselves to always
we must rededicate ourselves to always questioning we must have the courage to
questioning we must have the courage to
questioning we must have the courage to live in doubt and in doing so we
live in doubt and in doing so we
live in doubt and in doing so we celebrate what above all else makes us
celebrate what above all else makes us
celebrate what above all else makes us human imagining the new once everything
human imagining the new once everything
human imagining the new once everything was new and very small the universe and
was new and very small the universe and
was new and very small the universe and all it contains today took up about the
all it contains today took up about the
all it contains today took up about the space of a grapefruit
space of a grapefruit
space of a grapefruit over the millennia it’s well to the
over the millennia it’s well to the
over the millennia it’s well to the scale of galaxies and released a burst
scale of galaxies and released a burst
scale of galaxies and released a burst of light 13.8 billion years later a
of light 13.8 billion years later a
of light 13.8 billion years later a pioneering team of physicists captured
pioneering team of physicists captured
pioneering team of physicists captured that light and found within it an image
that light and found within it an image
that light and found within it an image of our origin a snapshot of the dawn of
of our origin a snapshot of the dawn of
of our origin a snapshot of the dawn of time and now it’s time for them to
time and now it’s time for them to
time and now it’s time for them to receive their reward the first of the
receive their reward the first of the
receive their reward the first of the breakthrough prize is three million
breakthrough prize is three million
breakthrough prize is three million dollar gifts to our laureates to present
dollar gifts to our laureates to present
dollar gifts to our laureates to present it
it
it please welcome multiple Emmy nominee and
please welcome multiple Emmy nominee and
please welcome multiple Emmy nominee and neuroscientist dr. Mayim Bialik and the
neuroscientist dr. Mayim Bialik and the
neuroscientist dr. Mayim Bialik and the president of tech incubator ycombinator
president of tech incubator ycombinator
president of tech incubator ycombinator as incubator Y Combinator scuse me Sam
as incubator Y Combinator scuse me Sam
as incubator Y Combinator scuse me Sam Altman
Altman
Altman [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] as a neuroscientist who plays a
as a neuroscientist who plays a
as a neuroscientist who plays a neurobiologist on TV it is a great honor
neurobiologist on TV it is a great honor
neurobiologist on TV it is a great honor to be here tonight among so many
to be here tonight among so many
to be here tonight among so many brilliant minds and to stand with Sam
brilliant minds and to stand with Sam
brilliant minds and to stand with Sam and help honor an ensemble cast that has
and help honor an ensemble cast that has
and help honor an ensemble cast that has earned the breakthrough prize in
earned the breakthrough prize in
earned the breakthrough prize in fundamental physics for me the key to
fundamental physics for me the key to
fundamental physics for me the key to tech investing is having a long time
tech investing is having a long time
tech investing is having a long time horizon if one day cities will be built
horizon if one day cities will be built
horizon if one day cities will be built from scratch by solar-powered robots and
from scratch by solar-powered robots and
from scratch by solar-powered robots and they will and I want to invest today but
they will and I want to invest today but
they will and I want to invest today but the physicists we are honoring tonight
the physicists we are honoring tonight
the physicists we are honoring tonight are working with a time horizon that
are working with a time horizon that
are working with a time horizon that makes mine look kinda lame these guys
makes mine look kinda lame these guys
makes mine look kinda lame these guys are really taking the long view plus
are really taking the long view plus
are really taking the long view plus they’re looking backward they built W
they’re looking backward they built W
they’re looking backward they built W map a NASA mission that looked as far
map a NASA mission that looked as far
map a NASA mission that looked as far back in time as it’s possible to see the
back in time as it’s possible to see the
back in time as it’s possible to see the W map we see a picture of the universe
W map we see a picture of the universe
W map we see a picture of the universe as it was three hundred thousand years
as it was three hundred thousand years
as it was three hundred thousand years after the Big Bang we’re looking at the
after the Big Bang we’re looking at the
after the Big Bang we’re looking at the universe’s baby picture this room our
universe’s baby picture this room our
universe’s baby picture this room our entire universe is filled with the
entire universe is filled with the
entire universe is filled with the leftover light from the big night there
leftover light from the big night there
leftover light from the big night there are a few hundred photons in every
are a few hundred photons in every
are a few hundred photons in every little cubic inch of this room that are
little cubic inch of this room that are
little cubic inch of this room that are photons have been traveling for 13.7
photons have been traveling for 13.7
photons have been traveling for 13.7 billion years it’s the oldest light
billion years it’s the oldest light
billion years it’s the oldest light looking at the light we’re looking back
looking at the light we’re looking back
looking at the light we’re looking back in time Nature has provided us with a
in time Nature has provided us with a
in time Nature has provided us with a time machine and that is the speed of
time machine and that is the speed of
time machine and that is the speed of light that radiation has streamed across
light that radiation has streamed across
light that radiation has streamed across the cosmos to us it comes to us and we
the cosmos to us it comes to us and we
the cosmos to us it comes to us and we just recorded as a photograph
just recorded as a photograph
just recorded as a photograph essentially we designed W Mac to go
essentially we designed W Mac to go
essentially we designed W Mac to go study the temperature fluctuations of
study the temperature fluctuations of
study the temperature fluctuations of this light and to characterize the
this light and to characterize the
this light and to characterize the pattern on the sky because we knew that
pattern on the sky because we knew that
pattern on the sky because we knew that the pattern would unravel the recipe for
the pattern would unravel the recipe for
the pattern would unravel the recipe for the universe
the universe
the universe you’re measuring the relative
you’re measuring the relative
you’re measuring the relative temperature of two points of the
temperature of two points of the
temperature of two points of the universe you’re measuring is that one
universe you’re measuring is that one
universe you’re measuring is that one one ten thousandth or 1/100 thousandth
one ten thousandth or 1/100 thousandth
one ten thousandth or 1/100 thousandth of a degree hotter than that one over
of a degree hotter than that one over
of a degree hotter than that one over there to work with the level of
there to work with the level of
there to work with the level of precision that we wanted across such
precision that we wanted across such
precision that we wanted across such large areas of the sky we really need to
large areas of the sky we really need to
large areas of the sky we really need to go to space and that’s why we built the
go to space and that’s why we built the
go to space and that’s why we built the satellite that’s why we built W map you
satellite that’s why we built W map you
satellite that’s why we built W map you spent many years of your life designing
spent many years of your life designing
spent many years of your life designing and building and testing this instrument
and building and testing this instrument
and building and testing this instrument yes lunch day the only other thing it
yes lunch day the only other thing it
yes lunch day the only other thing it compares to is giving a giving birth
compares to is giving a giving birth
compares to is giving a giving birth it was 10.5 million miles from the earth
it was 10.5 million miles from the earth
it was 10.5 million miles from the earth it took a year of data to actually put
it took a year of data to actually put
it took a year of data to actually put together a high-quality map of the sky
together a high-quality map of the sky
together a high-quality map of the sky to my surprise we saw what we expected
to my surprise we saw what we expected
to my surprise we saw what we expected to see with W map the tools we had were
to see with W map the tools we had were
to see with W map the tools we had were good enough to explain what the universe
good enough to explain what the universe
good enough to explain what the universe looked like 13.8 billion years ago
looked like 13.8 billion years ago
looked like 13.8 billion years ago really for the first time with my
really for the first time with my
really for the first time with my precision but just like with the baby
precision but just like with the baby
precision but just like with the baby the genes are there already all the
the genes are there already all the
the genes are there already all the stuff that’s gonna make it into an
stuff that’s gonna make it into an
stuff that’s gonna make it into an adulterer there because if you have one
adulterer there because if you have one
adulterer there because if you have one region that’s one ten-thousandth hotter
region that’s one ten-thousandth hotter
region that’s one ten-thousandth hotter than the other
than the other
than the other by the time you get to today that has
by the time you get to today that has
by the time you get to today that has grown to be a super cluster of galaxies
grown to be a super cluster of galaxies
grown to be a super cluster of galaxies that contains stars planets and us
that contains stars planets and us
that contains stars planets and us somehow we seem to have done it we think
somehow we seem to have done it we think
somehow we seem to have done it we think we understand the physics that happened
we understand the physics that happened
we understand the physics that happened in the universe’s first moments here it
in the universe’s first moments here it
in the universe’s first moments here it is the infant universe for detailed maps
is the infant universe for detailed maps
is the infant universe for detailed maps of the early universe that reveal the
of the early universe that reveal the
of the early universe that reveal the evolution of the cosmos and the
evolution of the cosmos and the
evolution of the cosmos and the fluctuations that seeded galaxies the
fluctuations that seeded galaxies the
fluctuations that seeded galaxies the breakthrough prize and fundamental
breakthrough prize and fundamental
breakthrough prize and fundamental physics is awarded to the W map science
physics is awarded to the W map science
physics is awarded to the W map science team and its leaders Chuck Bennett
team and its leaders Chuck Bennett
team and its leaders Chuck Bennett Gary Henshaw Norman Jurrasic Lyman Paige
Gary Henshaw Norman Jurrasic Lyman Paige
Gary Henshaw Norman Jurrasic Lyman Paige and David Spergel the W in W map stands
and David Spergel the W in W map stands
and David Spergel the W in W map stands for the David
for the David
for the David one of the founders of the experi
before the completion of the mission but
before the completion of the mission but lived long enough to see its first
lived long enough to see its first
lived long enough to see its first dramatic results
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
it’s not at all obvious that we humans
it’s not at all obvious that we humans on a tiny planet in the enormous
on a tiny planet in the enormous
on a tiny planet in the enormous vastness of space could possibly answer
vastness of space could possibly answer
vastness of space could possibly answer questions about the universe as a whole
questions about the universe as a whole
questions about the universe as a whole but w map surveyed the patterns of the
but w map surveyed the patterns of the
but w map surveyed the patterns of the oldest light and we used the laws of
oldest light and we used the laws of
oldest light and we used the laws of physics to deduce from these patterns
physics to deduce from these patterns
physics to deduce from these patterns answers to our questions
answers to our questions
answers to our questions the result is relatively simple but
the result is relatively simple but
the result is relatively simple but strange atoms make up only 5% of the
strange atoms make up only 5% of the
strange atoms make up only 5% of the universe dark matter and dark energy
universe dark matter and dark energy
universe dark matter and dark energy dominate science has let us extend our
dominate science has let us extend our
dominate science has let us extend our knowledge of the universe to far beyond
knowledge of the universe to far beyond
knowledge of the universe to far beyond our physical reach there is still much
our physical reach there is still much
our physical reach there is still much we do not understand such as the first
we do not understand such as the first
we do not understand such as the first moments of the universe so there will be
moments of the universe so there will be
moments of the universe so there will be new breakthroughs in the future thank
new breakthroughs in the future thank
new breakthroughs in the future thank you
you
you [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
climate change is an existential threat
climate change is an existential threat but plants control carbon out of the air
but plants control carbon out of the air
but plants control carbon out of the air and store it in the ground can
and store it in the ground can
and store it in the ground can harnessing the power of plants save our
harnessing the power of plants save our
harnessing the power of plants save our planet
planet
planet we’ll need a scientist who’s trying to
we’ll need a scientist who’s trying to
we’ll need a scientist who’s trying to do just that
do just that
do just that when we return with the breakthrough
when we return with the breakthrough
when we return with the breakthrough cries scientists changing the world
today marks the end of an era in the
today marks the end of an era in the beginning of a new one
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] to vehicles people are going to see
to vehicles people are going to see
to vehicles people are going to see amazing things from us here
the long road home is magnificent
the long road home is magnificent unflinching masterful now we visit the
unflinching masterful now we visit the
unflinching masterful now we visit the real events behind black Sunday with
real events behind black Sunday with
real events behind black Sunday with author Martha Raddatz
author Martha Raddatz
author Martha Raddatz I didn’t realize how that Dan Soder City
I didn’t realize how that Dan Soder City
I didn’t realize how that Dan Soder City would stay with them here from the
would stay with them here from the
would stay with them here from the soldiers and families who were there
soldiers and families who were there
soldiers and families who were there your legs just trying to go weak it was
your legs just trying to go weak it was
your legs just trying to go weak it was very hard I don’t think the bonds that
very hard I don’t think the bonds that
very hard I don’t think the bonds that they made love a break and follow the
they made love a break and follow the
they made love a break and follow the courage beyond the show if I ask how
courage beyond the show if I ask how
courage beyond the show if I ask how long a road home it’s been for you road
long a road home it’s been for you road
long a road home it’s been for you road never end heroes of a long road home
never end heroes of a long road home
never end heroes of a long road home December 19th at 11:00 on National
December 19th at 11:00 on National
December 19th at 11:00 on National Geographic Dian Fossey was a hero and
Geographic Dian Fossey was a hero and
Geographic Dian Fossey was a hero and undoubtedly saved a species
undoubtedly saved a species
undoubtedly saved a species neither destiny nor fate took me to
neither destiny nor fate took me to
neither destiny nor fate took me to Africa I had a deep wish to live among
Africa I had a deep wish to live among
Africa I had a deep wish to live among the mountain gorillas Diane really
the mountain gorillas Diane really
the mountain gorillas Diane really conveyed her passion for these animals
conveyed her passion for these animals
conveyed her passion for these animals and she had made enemies with a lot they
and she had made enemies with a lot they
and she had made enemies with a lot they did believe in her black mass what was
did believe in her black mass what was
did believe in her black mass what was the motive for killing her we did them
the motive for killing her we did them
the motive for killing her we did them Dian Fossey secrets in the mist premiers
Dian Fossey secrets in the mist premiers
Dian Fossey secrets in the mist premiers tomorrow at 9:00 on National Geographic
find out this January on Florence the
find out this January on Florence the unknown is a seduction science the
unknown is a seduction science the
unknown is a seduction science the wonder of Startalk you can handle star
wonder of Startalk you can handle star
wonder of Startalk you can handle star talks new episodes Sunday nights at
talks new episodes Sunday nights at
talks new episodes Sunday nights at 11:00 that’s kind of dope right that’s
11:00 that’s kind of dope right that’s
11:00 that’s kind of dope right that’s totally though only on National
totally though only on National
totally though only on National Geographic
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
welcome back to the breakthrough prize
welcome back to the breakthrough prize ceremony this is my second year hosting
ceremony this is my second year hosting
ceremony this is my second year hosting this event proving once again that all
this event proving once again that all
this event proving once again that all actors love a good sequel this year
actors love a good sequel this year
actors love a good sequel this year breakthrough prize co founder Mark
breakthrough prize co founder Mark
breakthrough prize co founder Mark Zuckerberg is away he’d taken a little
Zuckerberg is away he’d taken a little
Zuckerberg is away he’d taken a little family break but he sent us this message
hey everyone
hey everyone URI and I created the breakthrough prize
URI and I created the breakthrough prize
URI and I created the breakthrough prize to celebrate the achievements of some of
to celebrate the achievements of some of
to celebrate the achievements of some of the world’s greatest minds scientists
the world’s greatest minds scientists
the world’s greatest minds scientists fundamental physicists and
fundamental physicists and
fundamental physicists and mathematicians whose genius has helped
mathematicians whose genius has helped
mathematicians whose genius has helped us understand our world and whose
us understand our world and whose
us understand our world and whose advances shape our future Priscilla and
advances shape our future Priscilla and
advances shape our future Priscilla and I are sorry we can’t be there tonight to
I are sorry we can’t be there tonight to
I are sorry we can’t be there tonight to celebrate with you but I want to take a
celebrate with you but I want to take a
celebrate with you but I want to take a moment to congratulate this year’s
moment to congratulate this year’s
moment to congratulate this year’s laureates for your incredible
laureates for your incredible
laureates for your incredible achievements and thank you for your
achievements and thank you for your
achievements and thank you for your contributions to humanity it is because
contributions to humanity it is because
contributions to humanity it is because of you that we can imagine a world where
of you that we can imagine a world where
of you that we can imagine a world where all diseases can be cured in our
all diseases can be cured in our
all diseases can be cured in our children’s lifetime and where we can all
children’s lifetime and where we can all
children’s lifetime and where we can all reach our full potential the world needs
reach our full potential the world needs
reach our full potential the world needs your inspiration and your reminder that
your inspiration and your reminder that
your inspiration and your reminder that although sometimes it doesn’t feel this
although sometimes it doesn’t feel this
although sometimes it doesn’t feel this way we are making steady progress
way we are making steady progress
way we are making steady progress towards building a better future for
towards building a better future for
towards building a better future for everyone congratulations to all of you
everyone congratulations to all of you
everyone congratulations to all of you and my deepest thanks for all you do
a seed grows towards sunlight then
a seed grows towards sunlight then sprouts leaves to catch the Rays that
sprouts leaves to catch the Rays that
sprouts leaves to catch the Rays that allow it to thrive a process so simple a
allow it to thrive a process so simple a
allow it to thrive a process so simple a three-year-old can grasp it yeah all of
three-year-old can grasp it yeah all of
three-year-old can grasp it yeah all of our civilization would be nothing
our civilization would be nothing
our civilization would be nothing without it to introduce you to the
without it to introduce you to the
without it to introduce you to the scientist who worked out how it happens
scientist who worked out how it happens
scientist who worked out how it happens we have a scientist at the Nuclear
we have a scientist at the Nuclear
we have a scientist at the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the current
Regulatory Commission and the current
Regulatory Commission and the current Miss USA Kara McCullough and joining her
Miss USA Kara McCullough and joining her
Miss USA Kara McCullough and joining her is Kevin Systrom the co-founder and CEO
is Kevin Systrom the co-founder and CEO
is Kevin Systrom the co-founder and CEO of Instagram
of Instagram
of Instagram [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] growth for anyone with a start-up that’s
growth for anyone with a start-up that’s
growth for anyone with a start-up that’s something you think a lot about and it
something you think a lot about and it
something you think a lot about and it all seems easy until you try to do it
all seems easy until you try to do it
all seems easy until you try to do it yourself then you realize it’s really
yourself then you realize it’s really
yourself then you realize it’s really complicated
complicated
complicated our next laureate asks the same question
our next laureate asks the same question
our next laureate asks the same question about plants to answer it she designed a
about plants to answer it she designed a
about plants to answer it she designed a simple experiment and from it she
simple experiment and from it she
simple experiment and from it she gleaned a fundamental new understanding
gleaned a fundamental new understanding
gleaned a fundamental new understanding of plant genetics and now she’s using
of plant genetics and now she’s using
of plant genetics and now she’s using plant genetics to address the
plant genetics to address the
plant genetics to address the existential threat that we all face from
existential threat that we all face from
existential threat that we all face from climate change climate change is a
climate change climate change is a
climate change climate change is a planetary emergency as a scientist
planetary emergency as a scientist
planetary emergency as a scientist working at the Nuclear Regulatory
working at the Nuclear Regulatory
working at the Nuclear Regulatory Commission my job is to prepare for
Commission my job is to prepare for
Commission my job is to prepare for emergencies the key is to predict how
emergencies the key is to predict how
emergencies the key is to predict how each step could unfold and work out how
each step could unfold and work out how
each step could unfold and work out how to minimize the fallout and that’s
to minimize the fallout and that’s
to minimize the fallout and that’s exactly what this pioneering scientist
exactly what this pioneering scientist
exactly what this pioneering scientist is doing but on a global scale a lot of
is doing but on a global scale a lot of
is doing but on a global scale a lot of people will tell you who are scientists
people will tell you who are scientists
people will tell you who are scientists and I did my first experiment when I was
and I did my first experiment when I was
and I did my first experiment when I was four or something I wasn’t one of those
four or something I wasn’t one of those
four or something I wasn’t one of those kids I don’t know exactly why it was a
kids I don’t know exactly why it was a
kids I don’t know exactly why it was a late bloomer but I just was a late
late bloomer but I just was a late
late bloomer but I just was a late bloomer
bloomer
bloomer you have to kind of keep that sort of ah
you have to kind of keep that sort of ah
you have to kind of keep that sort of ah you know when you have all about some
you know when you have all about some
you know when you have all about some process and then you think okay how
process and then you think okay how
process and then you think okay how could it have happened an experiment
could it have happened an experiment
could it have happened an experiment that I did a long time ago that turned
that I did a long time ago that turned
that I did a long time ago that turned out to be very important and the way we
out to be very important and the way we
out to be very important and the way we think about how plants grow then how the
think about how plants grow then how the
think about how plants grow then how the environment can come in and modify that
environment can come in and modify that
environment can come in and modify that what’s an easier experiment than putting
what’s an easier experiment than putting
what’s an easier experiment than putting plants in broad spectrum white light
plants in broad spectrum white light
plants in broad spectrum white light versus the dark if you really want to
versus the dark if you really want to
versus the dark if you really want to understand how plants grow and the dico
understand how plants grow and the dico
understand how plants grow and the dico plant can grow for a while you can
plant can grow for a while you can
plant can grow for a while you can imagine a plant in the jakka’s mostly to
imagine a plant in the jakka’s mostly to
imagine a plant in the jakka’s mostly to see this way in the ground right so it
see this way in the ground right so it
see this way in the ground right so it has to like grow up and find light
has to like grow up and find light
has to like grow up and find light that’s why you have that big long stem
that’s why you have that big long stem
that’s why you have that big long stem we look for plants that didn’t do what
we look for plants that didn’t do what
we look for plants that didn’t do what the normal plant was doing we found
the normal plant was doing we found
the normal plant was doing we found several mutants plants looked like they
several mutants plants looked like they
several mutants plants looked like they had been in the light even though they
had been in the light even though they
had been in the light even though they weren’t in the light
weren’t in the light
weren’t in the light and then we also look for plants that in
and then we also look for plants that in
and then we also look for plants that in the light look longer and more like
the light look longer and more like
the light look longer and more like these guys growing in the dark by doing
these guys growing in the dark by doing
these guys growing in the dark by doing that we actually were able to show how
that we actually were able to show how
that we actually were able to show how plants grow it’s a very relevant
plants grow it’s a very relevant
plants grow it’s a very relevant question right now because of global
question right now because of global
question right now because of global climate change I actually think we have
climate change I actually think we have
climate change I actually think we have a hundred years left on this planet at
a hundred years left on this planet at
a hundred years left on this planet at most if we don’t start changing the ways
most if we don’t start changing the ways
most if we don’t start changing the ways we grow plants we’re trying to create an
we grow plants we’re trying to create an
we grow plants we’re trying to create an ideal plant one that would you know
ideal plant one that would you know
ideal plant one that would you know sequester co2 so you have less
sequester co2 so you have less
sequester co2 so you have less greenhouse gases because that’s what
greenhouse gases because that’s what
greenhouse gases because that’s what plants do really well that’s what
plants do really well that’s what
plants do really well that’s what photosynthesis is that’s taking co2 out
photosynthesis is that’s taking co2 out
photosynthesis is that’s taking co2 out of the air and turning that into the
of the air and turning that into the
of the air and turning that into the oxygen that we all need to breathe plus
oxygen that we all need to breathe plus
oxygen that we all need to breathe plus you know sugars we’re gonna make plants
you know sugars we’re gonna make plants
you know sugars we’re gonna make plants better at taking those sugars and
better at taking those sugars and
better at taking those sugars and sticking them deep in the soil and I
sticking them deep in the soil and I
sticking them deep in the soil and I think we can do that I’m working on
think we can do that I’m working on
think we can do that I’m working on saving the world that’s right we’re
saving the world that’s right we’re
saving the world that’s right we’re discovering how plants optimize their
discovering how plants optimize their
discovering how plants optimize their growth development and structure to
growth development and structure to
growth development and structure to transform sunlight into chemical energy
transform sunlight into chemical energy
transform sunlight into chemical energy our three million-dollar breakthrough
our three million-dollar breakthrough
our three million-dollar breakthrough prize is awarded to Joanne Cory
prize is awarded to Joanne Cory
prize is awarded to Joanne Cory jo-ann Corey grew up as one of six
jo-ann Corey grew up as one of six
jo-ann Corey grew up as one of six children four of them boys they
children four of them boys they
children four of them boys they toughened me up she says her brothers no
toughened me up she says her brothers no
toughened me up she says her brothers no one at work said anything nearly as mean
one at work said anything nearly as mean
one at work said anything nearly as mean as those guys
as those guys
as those guys [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
okay follow my hands I’m gonna be moving
okay follow my hands I’m gonna be moving a lot plants are the foundation of all
a lot plants are the foundation of all
a lot plants are the foundation of all life on Earth yet we are often blind to
life on Earth yet we are often blind to
life on Earth yet we are often blind to their existence this recognition of the
their existence this recognition of the
their existence this recognition of the discipline of plant genetics is
discipline of plant genetics is
discipline of plant genetics is meaningful and far-reaching as our world
meaningful and far-reaching as our world
meaningful and far-reaching as our world edges closer to a crisis of
edges closer to a crisis of
edges closer to a crisis of sustainability I hope it will catalyze
sustainability I hope it will catalyze
sustainability I hope it will catalyze greater awareness of the positive impact
greater awareness of the positive impact
greater awareness of the positive impact that plants can have in the quality of a
that plants can have in the quality of a
that plants can have in the quality of a few of human life our children and
few of human life our children and
few of human life our children and grandchildren depend on that awareness
grandchildren depend on that awareness
grandchildren depend on that awareness thank you
thank you
thank you [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] what defines living things perhaps most
what defines living things perhaps most
what defines living things perhaps most clearly is their ability to reproduce
clearly is their ability to reproduce
clearly is their ability to reproduce themselves but how do they do it we dive
themselves but how do they do it we dive
themselves but how do they do it we dive deep into the heart of the cell to find
deep into the heart of the cell to find
deep into the heart of the cell to find out when we return live on National
out when we return live on National
out when we return live on National Geographic
[Music]
[Music] what you want in Afghanistan this is the
what you want in Afghanistan this is the
what you want in Afghanistan this is the war I got what do you know about it war
ain’t nothing out there like you think
ain’t nothing out there like you think it is you know training gonna prepare
it is you know training gonna prepare
it is you know training gonna prepare you there’s no glory out there no hero
you there’s no glory out there no hero
you there’s no glory out there no hero it’s just
death the long road home new episodes
death the long road home new episodes Tuesdays at 10:00 on National Geographic
we’re on the set of Mars season two hell
we’re on the set of Mars season two hell is gonna happen in season terrible what
is gonna happen in season terrible what
is gonna happen in season terrible what attracted me to Mars was the human
attracted me to Mars was the human
attracted me to Mars was the human component of it
component of it
component of it season two goes into a lot more dynamics
season two goes into a lot more dynamics
season two goes into a lot more dynamics the drama of the characters it’s one
the drama of the characters it’s one
the drama of the characters it’s one thing to go to Mars it’s something else
thing to go to Mars it’s something else
thing to go to Mars it’s something else to build a home it’s ten years later we
to build a home it’s ten years later we
to build a home it’s ten years later we bring in a second colony with a
bring in a second colony with a
bring in a second colony with a completely different agenda they’re
completely different agenda they’re
completely different agenda they’re coming to look for resources and ways to
coming to look for resources and ways to
coming to look for resources and ways to make money there’s gonna be conflict
make money there’s gonna be conflict
make money there’s gonna be conflict there’s gonna be love hatred
there’s gonna be love hatred
there’s gonna be love hatred relationships brief silence exploitation
relationships brief silence exploitation
relationships brief silence exploitation and tension
and tension
and tension I like when I’m in trouble when I get in
I like when I’m in trouble when I get in
I like when I’m in trouble when I get in trouble a lot these gonna be quite epic
helmets off because for me the unknown
helmets off because for me the unknown is a seduction let’s do this the wonder
is a seduction let’s do this the wonder
is a seduction let’s do this the wonder of Startalk the universe itself is a
of Startalk the universe itself is a
of Startalk the universe itself is a drug wow man you flew my Startalk
drug wow man you flew my Startalk
drug wow man you flew my Startalk new episodes Sunday nights at 11 that’s
new episodes Sunday nights at 11 that’s
new episodes Sunday nights at 11 that’s kind of dope right that’s totally dope
kind of dope right that’s totally dope
kind of dope right that’s totally dope only on National Geographic Dian Fossey
only on National Geographic Dian Fossey
only on National Geographic Dian Fossey was a hero I undoubtedly saved a species
was a hero I undoubtedly saved a species
was a hero I undoubtedly saved a species neither destiny nor fate took me to
neither destiny nor fate took me to
neither destiny nor fate took me to Africa I had a deep wish to live among
Africa I had a deep wish to live among
Africa I had a deep wish to live among the mountain gorillas Diane really
the mountain gorillas Diane really
the mountain gorillas Diane really conveyed her passion for these animals
conveyed her passion for these animals
conveyed her passion for these animals she had made enemies with a lot they did
she had made enemies with a lot they did
she had made enemies with a lot they did believe in her black mat what was the
believe in her black mat what was the
believe in her black mat what was the motive for killing her we did member
motive for killing her we did member
motive for killing her we did member Dian Fossey secrets in the mist
Dian Fossey secrets in the mist
Dian Fossey secrets in the mist premieres tomorrow at 9:00 on National
premieres tomorrow at 9:00 on National
premieres tomorrow at 9:00 on National Geographic revisit the real events
Geographic revisit the real events
Geographic revisit the real events behind the long road home with author
behind the long road home with author
behind the long road home with author Martha Raddatz probably never be the
Martha Raddatz probably never be the
Martha Raddatz probably never be the person I was for life left if I asked
person I was for life left if I asked
person I was for life left if I asked how long a road home it’s been for you
how long a road home it’s been for you
how long a road home it’s been for you road never in heros of a long road home
road never in heros of a long road home
road never in heros of a long road home December 19th at 11 on National
December 19th at 11 on National
December 19th at 11 on National Geographic
I want you to imagine a single cell
I want you to imagine a single cell bobbing in an ancient sea it splits in
bobbing in an ancient sea it splits in
bobbing in an ancient sea it splits in two and the story of life is underway
two and the story of life is underway
two and the story of life is underway a story whose beats are the constant and
a story whose beats are the constant and
a story whose beats are the constant and perpetual splitting of cells one into
perpetual splitting of cells one into
perpetual splitting of cells one into two two and two for child and two woman
two two and two for child and two woman
two two and two for child and two woman to introduce a scientist who has spent
to introduce a scientist who has spent
to introduce a scientist who has spent years untangling the threads of cell
years untangling the threads of cell
years untangling the threads of cell division we have to film and television
division we have to film and television
division we have to film and television stars who clearly love technology and
stars who clearly love technology and
stars who clearly love technology and each other
each other
each other she’s a Golden Globe nominated actress
she’s a Golden Globe nominated actress
she’s a Golden Globe nominated actress he’s an actor and tech entrepreneur who
he’s an actor and tech entrepreneur who
he’s an actor and tech entrepreneur who has invested in companies such as Airbnb
has invested in companies such as Airbnb
has invested in companies such as Airbnb Spotify uber and Howells please welcome
Spotify uber and Howells please welcome
Spotify uber and Howells please welcome Mila Kunis and Ashton Kutcher
Mila Kunis and Ashton Kutcher
Mila Kunis and Ashton Kutcher [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] Ashton and I are thrilled to be a part
Ashton and I are thrilled to be a part
Ashton and I are thrilled to be a part of the show but the greatest show on
of the show but the greatest show on
of the show but the greatest show on earth is what happens within us and by
earth is what happens within us and by
earth is what happens within us and by us I mean women when I was pregnant I
us I mean women when I was pregnant I
us I mean women when I was pregnant I had this app that told me every day how
had this app that told me every day how
had this app that told me every day how big my daughter was the size of a guava
big my daughter was the size of a guava
big my daughter was the size of a guava size of an avocado and eventually she
size of an avocado and eventually she
size of an avocado and eventually she got too enormous to be compared to a
got too enormous to be compared to a
got too enormous to be compared to a fruit but thanks guys
fruit but thanks guys
fruit but thanks guys but the app also told me what was
but the app also told me what was
but the app also told me what was growing and when the hands the eyes the
growing and when the hands the eyes the
growing and when the hands the eyes the brain then you realize every moment
brain then you realize every moment
brain then you realize every moment along the way requires the perfect
along the way requires the perfect
along the way requires the perfect splitting of DNA and cells I can confirm
splitting of DNA and cells I can confirm
splitting of DNA and cells I can confirm that Mila was totally obsessed with the
that Mila was totally obsessed with the
that Mila was totally obsessed with the fruit AB and actually someone here
fruit AB and actually someone here
fruit AB and actually someone here tonight probably invented the UI for
tonight probably invented the UI for
tonight probably invented the UI for that so thank you
that so thank you
that so thank you it those were fun nights as our children
it those were fun nights as our children
it those were fun nights as our children grow up it is truly amazing to see what
grow up it is truly amazing to see what
grow up it is truly amazing to see what could be shaped by the microscopic
could be shaped by the microscopic
could be shaped by the microscopic process of cell division what we can see
process of cell division what we can see
process of cell division what we can see is how delicate and how difficult that
is how delicate and how difficult that
is how delicate and how difficult that process is we all grow up you know and
process is we all grow up you know and
process is we all grow up you know and we listen to the teacher you either hear
we listen to the teacher you either hear
we listen to the teacher you either hear something or you read something and you
something or you read something and you
something or you read something and you don’t understand it your first reaction
don’t understand it your first reaction
don’t understand it your first reaction from school is oh well I’m stupid after
from school is oh well I’m stupid after
from school is oh well I’m stupid after many decades of feeling that I realized
many decades of feeling that I realized
many decades of feeling that I realized that most of the time
that most of the time
that most of the time they don’t understand it themselves
they don’t understand it themselves
they don’t understand it themselves realizing that something doesn’t make
realizing that something doesn’t make
realizing that something doesn’t make sense
sense
sense that is the key thing and something is
that is the key thing and something is
that is the key thing and something is out there for everybody to see but
out there for everybody to see but
out there for everybody to see but you’re the first person who doesn’t
you’re the first person who doesn’t
you’re the first person who doesn’t accept that the conventional
accept that the conventional
accept that the conventional explanations don’t work the way you pass
explanations don’t work the way you pass
explanations don’t work the way you pass things on from generation to generation
things on from generation to generation
things on from generation to generation whether or you sell an oak tree or a
whether or you sell an oak tree or a
whether or you sell an oak tree or a human cell is continuity of cells
human cell is continuity of cells
human cell is continuity of cells dividing and producing two new cells it
dividing and producing two new cells it
dividing and producing two new cells it was a complete mystery that had been
was a complete mystery that had been
was a complete mystery that had been described for a hundred years how the
described for a hundred years how the
described for a hundred years how the DNA is the
DNA is the
DNA is the two DNA’s are disjoined from each other
two DNA’s are disjoined from each other
two DNA’s are disjoined from each other how do you ensure that one goes to the
how do you ensure that one goes to the
how do you ensure that one goes to the left one goes to the right the silver
left one goes to the right the silver
left one goes to the right the silver bites down the middle there is two
bites down the middle there is two
bites down the middle there is two meters of DNA in every one of ourselves
meters of DNA in every one of ourselves
meters of DNA in every one of ourselves how on earth does the cell know which of
how on earth does the cell know which of
how on earth does the cell know which of that tangled mass of DNA needs to be
that tangled mass of DNA needs to be
that tangled mass of DNA needs to be held together
held together
held together it requires that creative step to
it requires that creative step to
it requires that creative step to imagine something that if it did exist
imagine something that if it did exist
imagine something that if it did exist you could now explain things that can’t
you could now explain things that can’t
you could now explain things that can’t otherwise be explained I got back from a
otherwise be explained I got back from a
otherwise be explained I got back from a very long climbing trip having spent
very long climbing trip having spent
very long climbing trip having spent days dealing with ropes and carabiners
days dealing with ropes and carabiners
days dealing with ropes and carabiners and clips and I had probably the most
and clips and I had probably the most
and clips and I had probably the most important idea in my entire scientific
important idea in my entire scientific
important idea in my entire scientific career you want to assemble this DNA
career you want to assemble this DNA
career you want to assemble this DNA into one structure and this one into a
into one structure and this one into a
into one structure and this one into a separate one even though you’re going to
separate one even though you’re going to
separate one even though you’re going to separate them apart you must still hold
separate them apart you must still hold
separate them apart you must still hold on to them in certain places and what we
on to them in certain places and what we
on to them in certain places and what we realized is that they’re all held
realized is that they’re all held
realized is that they’re all held together by the cohesion rings
and then it’s broken open and this is
and then it’s broken open and this is one way this goes the other way and the
one way this goes the other way and the
one way this goes the other way and the two DNA’s go for the start of the solo
two DNA’s go for the start of the solo
two DNA’s go for the start of the solo you think gosh so that’s how it works it
you think gosh so that’s how it works it
you think gosh so that’s how it works it is incredibly difficult to get in the
is incredibly difficult to get in the
is incredibly difficult to get in the truth you can’t explain the world in
truth you can’t explain the world in
truth you can’t explain the world in terms of what we already know you’ve got
terms of what we already know you’ve got
terms of what we already know you’ve got to have to imagine something new
to have to imagine something new
to have to imagine something new [Music]
for revealing the mechanism that
for revealing the mechanism that controls the separation of chromosomes
controls the separation of chromosomes
controls the separation of chromosomes in cell division and prevents genetic
in cell division and prevents genetic
in cell division and prevents genetic diseases such as cancer no big deal guys
diseases such as cancer no big deal guys
diseases such as cancer no big deal guys our next breakthrough prize goes to kim
our next breakthrough prize goes to kim
our next breakthrough prize goes to kim nasser when he’s not exploring from a
nasser when he’s not exploring from a
nasser when he’s not exploring from a zone or climbing mountains
zone or climbing mountains
zone or climbing mountains Kim Naismith and
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] the world we live in was forged by the
the world we live in was forged by the
the world we live in was forged by the Enlightenment which stressed reason over
Enlightenment which stressed reason over
Enlightenment which stressed reason over tradition now the medium by which ideas
tradition now the medium by which ideas
tradition now the medium by which ideas are now evaluated has just undergone a
are now evaluated has just undergone a
are now evaluated has just undergone a profound change and this has been
profound change and this has been
profound change and this has been accompanied by a tendency to think that
accompanied by a tendency to think that
accompanied by a tendency to think that what you say matters more than what can
what you say matters more than what can
what you say matters more than what can be demonstrated my experience is that
be demonstrated my experience is that
be demonstrated my experience is that discovering the truth is not easy but
discovering the truth is not easy but
discovering the truth is not easy but immensely rewarding getting back to the
immensely rewarding getting back to the
immensely rewarding getting back to the facts is crucial if we are to survive
facts is crucial if we are to survive
facts is crucial if we are to survive long enough to find out that we are not
long enough to find out that we are not
long enough to find out that we are not alone in this universe
alone in this universe
alone in this universe we will then discover if the laws of
we will then discover if the laws of
we will then discover if the laws of biology are as universal as those of
biology are as universal as those of
biology are as universal as those of physics
physics
physics [Music]
how many albert einsteins
how many albert einsteins and marie curie’s have come and gone
and marie curie’s have come and gone
and marie curie’s have come and gone unknown because they lacked the ability
unknown because they lacked the ability
unknown because they lacked the ability to describe their own ideas
to describe their own ideas
to describe their own ideas sadly the brightest spark will die if it
sadly the brightest spark will die if it
sadly the brightest spark will die if it does not catch that’s why we need not
does not catch that’s why we need not
does not catch that’s why we need not just great scientists but great
just great scientists but great
just great scientists but great communicators who can tell nature’s
communicators who can tell nature’s
communicators who can tell nature’s story in a way that grips us in so doing
story in a way that grips us in so doing
story in a way that grips us in so doing they expand their circles of
they expand their circles of
they expand their circles of enlightenment to encompass thousands to
enlightenment to encompass thousands to
enlightenment to encompass thousands to introduce you to an incredible young
introduce you to an incredible young
introduce you to an incredible young science communicator please welcome one
science communicator please welcome one
science communicator please welcome one of the founders of the breakthrough
of the founders of the breakthrough
of the founders of the breakthrough prize
prize
prize Julia Milner and Golden Globe nominee
Julia Milner and Golden Globe nominee
Julia Milner and Golden Globe nominee and Arthur Lily Collins
and Arthur Lily Collins
and Arthur Lily Collins [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
in my advocacy for anti-bullying and
in my advocacy for anti-bullying and self-empowerment causes I have found
self-empowerment causes I have found
self-empowerment causes I have found that the biggest gift a child can be
that the biggest gift a child can be
that the biggest gift a child can be given is the opportunity to communicate
given is the opportunity to communicate
given is the opportunity to communicate by having the chance to express
by having the chance to express
by having the chance to express themselves kids not only discover who
themselves kids not only discover who
themselves kids not only discover who they are they can change the entire
they are they can change the entire
they are they can change the entire culture we wanted to inspire the next
culture we wanted to inspire the next
culture we wanted to inspire the next generation with big ideas in math and
generation with big ideas in math and
generation with big ideas in math and science and the people who really know
science and the people who really know
science and the people who really know how to talk to kids are kids themselves
how to talk to kids are kids themselves
how to talk to kids are kids themselves that’s why three years ago together with
that’s why three years ago together with
that’s why three years ago together with Priscilla Chan and we support from Khan
Priscilla Chan and we support from Khan
Priscilla Chan and we support from Khan Academy we established the breakthrough
Academy we established the breakthrough
Academy we established the breakthrough junior challenge video competition for
junior challenge video competition for
junior challenge video competition for high school students the winners this
high school students the winners this
high school students the winners this year is remarkable science communicator
year is remarkable science communicator
now is a very very great time to live
now is a very very great time to live for science since there is so much there
for science since there is so much there
for science since there is so much there are so many unknown questions around the
are so many unknown questions around the
are so many unknown questions around the world that mean that need answers
world that mean that need answers
world that mean that need answers exactly what number is this
exactly what number is this
exactly what number is this she says it’s six she says its night so
she says it’s six she says its night so
she says it’s six she says its night so who’s right in my video one of the
who’s right in my video one of the
who’s right in my video one of the recurring themes is how I apply physics
recurring themes is how I apply physics
recurring themes is how I apply physics sir your life
sir your life
sir your life it makes people relate to the concepts
it makes people relate to the concepts
it makes people relate to the concepts on a much deeper level the really
on a much deeper level the really
on a much deeper level the really mind-blowing idea here is that observers
mind-blowing idea here is that observers
mind-blowing idea here is that observers and different frames will perceive
and different frames will perceive
and different frames will perceive different versions of the same reality
different versions of the same reality
different versions of the same reality and every observers frame is equally
and every observers frame is equally
and every observers frame is equally valid Hilary has a really bright future
valid Hilary has a really bright future
valid Hilary has a really bright future what makes her special is that she asked
what makes her special is that she asked
what makes her special is that she asked questions beyond our lesson sometimes
questions beyond our lesson sometimes
questions beyond our lesson sometimes she finds the answer by herself she goes
she finds the answer by herself she goes
she finds the answer by herself she goes beyond
beyond
beyond I was 14 at the time in eighth grade we
I was 14 at the time in eighth grade we
I was 14 at the time in eighth grade we were really really surprised when just
were really really surprised when just
were really really surprised when just suddenly the water came crashing down on
suddenly the water came crashing down on
suddenly the water came crashing down on her windows everything broke we had to
her windows everything broke we had to
her windows everything broke we had to rush to the Attic the Pacific Ocean just
rush to the Attic the Pacific Ocean just
rush to the Attic the Pacific Ocean just crashed inside our house and filled the
crashed inside our house and filled the
crashed inside our house and filled the entire house within about three minutes
entire house within about three minutes
entire house within about three minutes or so after the typhoon everything was
or so after the typhoon everything was
or so after the typhoon everything was gone so we have to start from scratch
gone so we have to start from scratch
gone so we have to start from scratch that was stuff having no school
that was stuff having no school
that was stuff having no school facilities at all it’s a great honor for
facilities at all it’s a great honor for
facilities at all it’s a great honor for me to have to have a lab provided for
me to have to have a lab provided for
me to have to have a lab provided for the school I get to help people tangibly
the school I get to help people tangibly
the school I get to help people tangibly through this lab and it’s it feels
through this lab and it’s it feels
through this lab and it’s it feels especially great since it aligns with
especially great since it aligns with
especially great since it aligns with one of my biggest advocacy is to extend
one of my biggest advocacy is to extend
one of my biggest advocacy is to extend science education to others once we come
science education to others once we come
science education to others once we come to understand physics we would start to
to understand physics we would start to
to understand physics we would start to get deeper and deeper into understanding
get deeper and deeper into understanding
get deeper and deeper into understanding the universe that’s one of the skills
the universe that’s one of the skills
the universe that’s one of the skills that I think would make a better society
that I think would make a better society
that I think would make a better society people who can think deeper than what
people who can think deeper than what
people who can think deeper than what it’s than what it is at face value
it’s than what it is at face value
it’s than what it is at face value [Music]
and tonight we have a surprise for
and tonight we have a surprise for Hillary he just arrived to celebrate
Hillary he just arrived to celebrate
Hillary he just arrived to celebrate your achievement ladies and gentlemen
your achievement ladies and gentlemen
your achievement ladies and gentlemen please welcome the director of
please welcome the director of
please welcome the director of Philippine science high school right now
Philippine science high school right now
Philippine science high school right now though gotta say
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
splendid evening ladies and gentlemen
splendid evening ladies and gentlemen Hilary remember this song this is your
Hilary remember this song this is your
Hilary remember this song this is your quest to follow the star to reach the
quest to follow the star to reach the
quest to follow the star to reach the unreachable star truly you have imbibed
unreachable star truly you have imbibed
unreachable star truly you have imbibed in you the vision of the school a
in you the vision of the school a
in you the vision of the school a passion for excellence pursuit of truth
passion for excellence pursuit of truth
passion for excellence pursuit of truth and service to the nation I congratulate
and service to the nation I congratulate
and service to the nation I congratulate you and your family for this feat we’re
you and your family for this feat we’re
you and your family for this feat we’re all in this together your dream is now a
all in this together your dream is now a
all in this together your dream is now a reality
reality
reality let your stars shine and be the best
let your stars shine and be the best
let your stars shine and be the best scientists and expert it you can be
scientists and expert it you can be
scientists and expert it you can be salamat po at Magan Ganga be
for her short film relativity and the
for her short film relativity and the equivalents of reference frames the
equivalents of reference frames the
equivalents of reference frames the winner of the 2003 through junior
winner of the 2003 through junior
winner of the 2003 through junior challenge is Hilary and Alice
challenge is Hilary and Alice
challenge is Hilary and Alice [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] I’ve always looked up to two kinds of
I’ve always looked up to two kinds of
I’ve always looked up to two kinds of stars those that shine at night
stars those that shine at night
stars those that shine at night enchanting my mind about the universe
enchanting my mind about the universe
enchanting my mind about the universe and those two chime before me now these
and those two chime before me now these
and those two chime before me now these amazing scientists inspiring me with
amazing scientists inspiring me with
amazing scientists inspiring me with their genius and tenacity to pursue the
their genius and tenacity to pursue the
their genius and tenacity to pursue the truth I’m grateful that this award has
truth I’m grateful that this award has
truth I’m grateful that this award has allowed me to become a rising star with
allowed me to become a rising star with
allowed me to become a rising star with even bigger dreams may this inspire more
even bigger dreams may this inspire more
even bigger dreams may this inspire more young people especially my dear
young people especially my dear
young people especially my dear Filipinos to look up and become
Filipinos to look up and become
Filipinos to look up and become scientists themselves the stars that we
scientists themselves the stars that we
scientists themselves the stars that we all should look up to thank you to all
all should look up to thank you to all
all should look up to thank you to all those who supported me throughout this
those who supported me throughout this
those who supported me throughout this journey
journey
journey maraming salamat PO
maraming salamat PO
maraming salamat PO [Music]
musical worlds joined together when rap
musical worlds joined together when rap superstar Wiz Khalifa performs a
superstar Wiz Khalifa performs a
superstar Wiz Khalifa performs a once-in-a-lifetime version of his number
once-in-a-lifetime version of his number
once-in-a-lifetime version of his number one smash hit see you again with Chinese
one smash hit see you again with Chinese
one smash hit see you again with Chinese superstar cellist and actress Nana a
superstar cellist and actress Nana a
superstar cellist and actress Nana a Yong when the breakthrough prize
Yong when the breakthrough prize
Yong when the breakthrough prize continues
we’re on the set of Mars season two hell
we’re on the set of Mars season two hell is gonna happen in season two what
is gonna happen in season two what
is gonna happen in season two what attracted me to Mars was the human
attracted me to Mars was the human
attracted me to Mars was the human component of it
component of it
component of it season two goes into a lot more dynamics
season two goes into a lot more dynamics
season two goes into a lot more dynamics the drama of the characters it’s one
the drama of the characters it’s one
the drama of the characters it’s one thing to go to Mars it’s something else
thing to go to Mars it’s something else
thing to go to Mars it’s something else to build a home it’s ten years later we
to build a home it’s ten years later we
to build a home it’s ten years later we bring in a second colony with a
bring in a second colony with a
bring in a second colony with a completely different agenda they’re
completely different agenda they’re
completely different agenda they’re coming to look for resources and ways to
coming to look for resources and ways to
coming to look for resources and ways to make money that’s gonna be conflict is
make money that’s gonna be conflict is
make money that’s gonna be conflict is gonna be love hatred relationships grief
gonna be love hatred relationships grief
gonna be love hatred relationships grief science exploitation and tension
science exploitation and tension
science exploitation and tension I like when I’m in trouble when I get in
I like when I’m in trouble when I get in
I like when I’m in trouble when I get in trouble a lot things gonna be quite epic
helmets off cuz revisit the real events
helmets off cuz revisit the real events behind the long road home with author
behind the long road home with author
behind the long road home with author Martha Raddatz probably never be the
Martha Raddatz probably never be the
Martha Raddatz probably never be the person I was for my left if I asked how
person I was for my left if I asked how
person I was for my left if I asked how long a Road home it’s been for you Road
long a Road home it’s been for you Road
long a Road home it’s been for you Road never end heroes of a long road home
never end heroes of a long road home
never end heroes of a long road home December 19th at 11:00 on National
December 19th at 11:00 on National
December 19th at 11:00 on National Geographic the unknown is a seduction
the wonder of Startalk handle star
the wonder of Startalk handle star stalks new episodes Sunday nights at 11
stalks new episodes Sunday nights at 11
stalks new episodes Sunday nights at 11 that’s kind of dope right that’s totally
that’s kind of dope right that’s totally
that’s kind of dope right that’s totally those only on National Geographic a good
those only on National Geographic a good
those only on National Geographic a good king will do anything to secure his
king will do anything to secure his
king will do anything to secure his throne but what if his very own sons
throne but what if his very own sons
throne but what if his very own sons threatened to steal it all heavy is the
threatened to steal it all heavy is the
threatened to steal it all heavy is the head that wears the crown and numbered
head that wears the crown and numbered
head that wears the crown and numbered are his days Savage Kingdom uprising new
are his days Savage Kingdom uprising new
are his days Savage Kingdom uprising new episodes Fridays at 9:00 or not geo wild
episodes Fridays at 9:00 or not geo wild
episodes Fridays at 9:00 or not geo wild the anticipation the pursuit
the capture our filmmakers get you up
the capture our filmmakers get you up close look at how fast here all week
close look at how fast here all week
close look at how fast here all week long
incredible big cat week begins Sunday at
incredible big cat week begins Sunday at 9:00
9:00
9:00 only on Nat Geo Wild I thought you
only on Nat Geo Wild I thought you
only on Nat Geo Wild I thought you wanted Afghanistan this is the war I got
wanted Afghanistan this is the war I got
wanted Afghanistan this is the war I got what do you know about it
what do you know about it
what do you know about it war ain’t nothing out there like you
war ain’t nothing out there like you
war ain’t nothing out there like you think it is you know training gonna
think it is you know training gonna
think it is you know training gonna prepare you there’s no glory out there
prepare you there’s no glory out there
prepare you there’s no glory out there no hero just
death the long road home
death the long road home new episodes Tuesdays at 10:00 on
new episodes Tuesdays at 10:00 on
new episodes Tuesdays at 10:00 on National Geographic for me the unknown
National Geographic for me the unknown
National Geographic for me the unknown is a seduction the wonder of Startalk
is a seduction the wonder of Startalk
is a seduction the wonder of Startalk the universe itself is a drug wow man
the universe itself is a drug wow man
the universe itself is a drug wow man you flew my man star talk
you flew my man star talk
you flew my man star talk new episodes Sunday nights at 11 that’s
new episodes Sunday nights at 11 that’s
new episodes Sunday nights at 11 that’s kind of dope right that’s totally dope
kind of dope right that’s totally dope
kind of dope right that’s totally dope only on National Geographic the
anticipation the pursuit the capture our
anticipation the pursuit the capture our filmmakers get you up close God look at
filmmakers get you up close God look at
filmmakers get you up close God look at how fast here Oh week
how fast here Oh week
how fast here Oh week long incredible big cat week begins
long incredible big cat week begins
long incredible big cat week begins Sunday at 9:00 only or NatGeo wild the
Sunday at 9:00 only or NatGeo wild the
Sunday at 9:00 only or NatGeo wild the unknown is a seduction science the
unknown is a seduction science the
unknown is a seduction science the wonder of Startalk I don’t know if you
wonder of Startalk I don’t know if you
wonder of Startalk I don’t know if you can handle star talks new episodes
can handle star talks new episodes
can handle star talks new episodes Sunday nights at 11:00 that’s kind of
Sunday nights at 11:00 that’s kind of
Sunday nights at 11:00 that’s kind of dope right that’s totally doe only on
dope right that’s totally doe only on
dope right that’s totally doe only on National Geographic
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
welcome back this is a celebration of
welcome back this is a celebration of science and as we know every celebration
science and as we know every celebration
science and as we know every celebration needs music to share their talents with
needs music to share their talents with
needs music to share their talents with us are the youngest cellist ever to make
us are the youngest cellist ever to make
us are the youngest cellist ever to make a solo recital debut in the National
a solo recital debut in the National
a solo recital debut in the National Concert Hall of Taiwan and Beijing and a
Concert Hall of Taiwan and Beijing and a
Concert Hall of Taiwan and Beijing and a Grammy Award nominated rapper whose song
Grammy Award nominated rapper whose song
Grammy Award nominated rapper whose song see you again has been viewed on YouTube
see you again has been viewed on YouTube
see you again has been viewed on YouTube over three billion times accompanied by
over three billion times accompanied by
over three billion times accompanied by the Stanford everyday people choir here
the Stanford everyday people choir here
the Stanford everyday people choir here are who young nana and Wiz Khalifa
are who young nana and Wiz Khalifa
are who young nana and Wiz Khalifa [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
damn who knew all the planes we flew
damn who knew all the planes we flew good things we’ve been through that I’ll
good things we’ve been through that I’ll
good things we’ve been through that I’ll be standing right here talking to you
be standing right here talking to you
be standing right here talking to you about another path I know we loved to
about another path I know we loved to
about another path I know we loved to hit the road and laugh but something
hit the road and laugh but something
hit the road and laugh but something told me that it wouldn’t last had to
told me that it wouldn’t last had to
told me that it wouldn’t last had to switch up look at things different see
switch up look at things different see
switch up look at things different see the bigger picture those were the days
the bigger picture those were the days
the bigger picture those were the days hard work forever pays now see you in a
hard work forever pays now see you in a
hard work forever pays now see you in a better place
better place
better place [Music]
[Music]
[Music] talking
talking
talking [Music]
[Music]
[Music] you were standing there by my side
you were standing there by my side
you were standing there by my side before the last
[Music]
[Music] for what you wake in the fibers fillers
for what you wake in the fibers fillers
for what you wake in the fibers fillers druggable small to bridge of oppression
druggable small to bridge of oppression
druggable small to bridge of oppression turns over but that one will never be
turns over but that one will never be
turns over but that one will never be broken the love will never be barred
broken the love will never be barred
broken the love will never be barred [Music]
[Music]
[Music] I saw that we’ve got everything
I saw that we’ve got everything
I saw that we’ve got everything you were standing there beside
you were standing there beside
you were standing there beside for the last ride let’s go
[Music]
[Music] spinner birthday
yeah
yeah [Music]
but I’ll see you again
but I’ll see you again [Music]
when we return the breakthrough prize
when we return the breakthrough prize continues live on National Geographic
continues live on National Geographic
continues live on National Geographic [Music]
today marks the end of an era in the
today marks the end of an era in the beginning of a new one
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] to vehicles before going to see amazing
to vehicles before going to see amazing
to vehicles before going to see amazing dates from us here
we’re on the set of Mars season two hell
we’re on the set of Mars season two hell is gonna happen in season terrible what
is gonna happen in season terrible what
is gonna happen in season terrible what attracted me to Mars was the human
attracted me to Mars was the human
attracted me to Mars was the human component of it
component of it
component of it season two goes into a lot more dynamics
season two goes into a lot more dynamics
season two goes into a lot more dynamics the drama of the characters it’s one
the drama of the characters it’s one
the drama of the characters it’s one thing to go to Mars it’s something else
thing to go to Mars it’s something else
thing to go to Mars it’s something else to build a home it’s ten years later we
to build a home it’s ten years later we
to build a home it’s ten years later we bring in a second colony with a
bring in a second colony with a
bring in a second colony with a completely different agenda they’re
completely different agenda they’re
completely different agenda they’re coming to look for resources ahead ways
coming to look for resources ahead ways
coming to look for resources ahead ways to make money there’s gonna be conflict
to make money there’s gonna be conflict
to make money there’s gonna be conflict there’s gonna be love hatred
there’s gonna be love hatred
there’s gonna be love hatred relationships reef science exploitation
relationships reef science exploitation
relationships reef science exploitation and tension
and tension
and tension I like when I’m in trouble when I get in
I like when I’m in trouble when I get in
I like when I’m in trouble when I get in trouble a lot things gonna be quite epic
helmets off coz the anticipation the
helmets off coz the anticipation the pursuit the capture our filmmakers get
pursuit the capture our filmmakers get
pursuit the capture our filmmakers get you up close last year
you up close last year
you up close last year Oh week-long incredible big cat week
Oh week-long incredible big cat week
Oh week-long incredible big cat week begins Sunday at 9:00
begins Sunday at 9:00
begins Sunday at 9:00 only on Nat Geo Wild a good king will do
only on Nat Geo Wild a good king will do
only on Nat Geo Wild a good king will do anything to secure his throne but what
anything to secure his throne but what
anything to secure his throne but what if his very own sons are the ones who
if his very own sons are the ones who
if his very own sons are the ones who linger and plot and threaten to steal it
linger and plot and threaten to steal it
linger and plot and threaten to steal it all heavy is the head that wears the
all heavy is the head that wears the
all heavy is the head that wears the crown and number are his days Savage
crown and number are his days Savage
crown and number are his days Savage Kingdom uprising new episodes Fridays at
Kingdom uprising new episodes Fridays at
Kingdom uprising new episodes Fridays at 9:00 or not Geo Wild
revisit the real events behind the long
revisit the real events behind the long road home with author Martha Raddatz
road home with author Martha Raddatz
road home with author Martha Raddatz probably never be the person I was for
probably never be the person I was for
probably never be the person I was for life left if I asked how long a road
life left if I asked how long a road
life left if I asked how long a road home it’s been for you Road never end
home it’s been for you Road never end
home it’s been for you Road never end heroes of a long road home December 19th
heroes of a long road home December 19th
heroes of a long road home December 19th at 11 on National Geographic for me the
at 11 on National Geographic for me the
at 11 on National Geographic for me the unknown is a seduction the wonder of
unknown is a seduction the wonder of
unknown is a seduction the wonder of Startalk the universe itself is a drug
Startalk the universe itself is a drug
Startalk the universe itself is a drug wow man you blew my math star talk
wow man you blew my math star talk
wow man you blew my math star talk new episodes Sunday nights at 11 that’s
new episodes Sunday nights at 11 that’s
new episodes Sunday nights at 11 that’s kind of dope right that’s totally dope
kind of dope right that’s totally dope
kind of dope right that’s totally dope only on National Geographic Good King be
only on National Geographic Good King be
only on National Geographic Good King be warned heavy is the head that wears the
warned heavy is the head that wears the
warned heavy is the head that wears the crown and numbered are your days will
crown and numbered are your days will
crown and numbered are your days will savage Kingdom uprising new episodes
savage Kingdom uprising new episodes
savage Kingdom uprising new episodes Fridays at 9 or not – wild
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
welcome back before I continue with this
welcome back before I continue with this let me just say to you explain to you
let me just say to you explain to you
let me just say to you explain to you that the young cellist up here who young
that the young cellist up here who young
that the young cellist up here who young Nana is 17 years old stupid ideas do not
Nana is 17 years old stupid ideas do not
Nana is 17 years old stupid ideas do not float around untethered in empty space
float around untethered in empty space
float around untethered in empty space they inhabit the infrastructure of the
they inhabit the infrastructure of the
they inhabit the infrastructure of the brain but if the brain starts to fail
brain but if the brain starts to fail
brain but if the brain starts to fail these ideas are not just lost to their
these ideas are not just lost to their
these ideas are not just lost to their creator but are lost to us all our next
creator but are lost to us all our next
creator but are lost to us all our next laureate has designed gene therapies to
laureate has designed gene therapies to
laureate has designed gene therapies to target the diseases that robbed us of
target the diseases that robbed us of
target the diseases that robbed us of ideas feelings and memories to tell us
ideas feelings and memories to tell us
ideas feelings and memories to tell us more about him please welcome
more about him please welcome
more about him please welcome breakthrough prize and Google co-founder
breakthrough prize and Google co-founder
breakthrough prize and Google co-founder Sergey Brin and a multiple Golden Globe
Sergey Brin and a multiple Golden Globe
Sergey Brin and a multiple Golden Globe and Emmy nominated actress Kerry
and Emmy nominated actress Kerry
and Emmy nominated actress Kerry Washington
Washington
Washington [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] in February this year tens of thousands
in February this year tens of thousands
in February this year tens of thousands of people across the world took part in
of people across the world took part in
of people across the world took part in the March for science
the March for science
the March for science imagine this they took a stand for the
imagine this they took a stand for the
imagine this they took a stand for the Enlightenment values of Reason evidence
Enlightenment values of Reason evidence
Enlightenment values of Reason evidence respect for the truth and this is not
respect for the truth and this is not
respect for the truth and this is not just a matter of principle it’s truly a
just a matter of principle it’s truly a
just a matter of principle it’s truly a matter of life and death because science
matter of life and death because science
matter of life and death because science remains the only tool we have to
remains the only tool we have to
remains the only tool we have to understand the diseases that affect our
understand the diseases that affect our
understand the diseases that affect our bodies and our minds I just met our next
bodies and our minds I just met our next
bodies and our minds I just met our next laureate last night and he was so modest
laureate last night and he was so modest
laureate last night and he was so modest that he just briefly mentioned his DNA
that he just briefly mentioned his DNA
that he just briefly mentioned his DNA all ago therapies but that turns out to
all ago therapies but that turns out to
all ago therapies but that turns out to be just the tip of the iceberg of his
be just the tip of the iceberg of his
be just the tip of the iceberg of his long list of scientific discoveries and
long list of scientific discoveries and
long list of scientific discoveries and furthermore this new kind of therapy
furthermore this new kind of therapy
furthermore this new kind of therapy holds promise for many different
holds promise for many different
holds promise for many different diseases in addition to the present
diseases in addition to the present
diseases in addition to the present trials that are being conducted in
trials that are being conducted in
trials that are being conducted in Huntington’s each year one breakthrough
Huntington’s each year one breakthrough
Huntington’s each year one breakthrough prize is awarded to a scientist who’s
prize is awarded to a scientist who’s
prize is awarded to a scientist who’s made significant advances in the fight
made significant advances in the fight
made significant advances in the fight against neurodegenerative diseases which
against neurodegenerative diseases which
against neurodegenerative diseases which genes are really driving disease you’d
genes are really driving disease you’d
genes are really driving disease you’d like to treat the cells they’re driving
like to treat the cells they’re driving
like to treat the cells they’re driving rapid disease progression
rapid disease progression
rapid disease progression so we thought how could we do that
so we thought how could we do that
so we thought how could we do that [Music]
[Music]
[Music] the nervous system absolutely is an
the nervous system absolutely is an
the nervous system absolutely is an interconnected neighborhood the human
interconnected neighborhood the human
interconnected neighborhood the human brain is comprised of approximately a
brain is comprised of approximately a
brain is comprised of approximately a hundred billion neurons very big cells
hundred billion neurons very big cells
hundred billion neurons very big cells that have to live for our lifespans
that have to live for our lifespans
that have to live for our lifespans they’re never replaced
they’re never replaced
they’re never replaced they need help they’re so highly
they need help they’re so highly
they need help they’re so highly interconnected that in the major
interconnected that in the major
interconnected that in the major neurodegenerative diseases the
neurodegenerative diseases the
neurodegenerative diseases the initiating events may be quite distant
initiating events may be quite distant
initiating events may be quite distant from where the final failure is in the
from where the final failure is in the
from where the final failure is in the one that we got started with ALS
one that we got started with ALS
one that we got started with ALS sometimes called Lou Gehrig’s disease
sometimes called Lou Gehrig’s disease
sometimes called Lou Gehrig’s disease the the field thought that the genetic
the the field thought that the genetic
the the field thought that the genetic damage is only within the motor neurons
damage is only within the motor neurons
damage is only within the motor neurons and we show that that was not true at
and we show that that was not true at
and we show that that was not true at all the mutant gene is expressed in
all the mutant gene is expressed in
all the mutant gene is expressed in every cell in the body and it damages
every cell in the body and it damages
every cell in the body and it damages not just the motor neurons but the cells
not just the motor neurons but the cells
not just the motor neurons but the cells that support the health of the motor
that support the health of the motor
that support the health of the motor neurons can we use a designer DNA drug
neurons can we use a designer DNA drug
neurons can we use a designer DNA drug approach to silence the bad gene those
approach to silence the bad gene those
approach to silence the bad gene those sorts of approaches had been tried not
sorts of approaches had been tried not
sorts of approaches had been tried not in the nervous system but in peripheral
in the nervous system but in peripheral
in the nervous system but in peripheral tissues and they had failed time and
tissues and they had failed time and
tissues and they had failed time and time again and the absolutely the first
time again and the absolutely the first
time again and the absolutely the first at the tempt to put these designer DNA
at the tempt to put these designer DNA
at the tempt to put these designer DNA drugs into the nervous system it
drugs into the nervous system it
drugs into the nervous system it succeeded we introduced the drug into
succeeded we introduced the drug into
succeeded we introduced the drug into the nervous system and we showed that we
the nervous system and we showed that we
the nervous system and we showed that we could deliver it almost everywhere in an
could deliver it almost everywhere in an
could deliver it almost everywhere in an effective way in a decade we are going
effective way in a decade we are going
effective way in a decade we are going to see major changes in patient therapy
to see major changes in patient therapy
to see major changes in patient therapy and outcome I am an optimist and I’ve
and outcome I am an optimist and I’ve
and outcome I am an optimist and I’ve always been an optimist these gene
always been an optimist these gene
always been an optimist these gene silencing approaches both the one that
silencing approaches both the one that
silencing approaches both the one that we’ve developed and the ones that will
we’ve developed and the ones that will
we’ve developed and the ones that will follow after are going to have major
follow after are going to have major
follow after are going to have major effects
effects
effects [Music]
for revealing the molecular development
for revealing the molecular development of a type of inherited LS and
of a type of inherited LS and
of a type of inherited LS and establishing anti sense therapy in
establishing anti sense therapy in
establishing anti sense therapy in models of ALS and Huntington disease the
models of ALS and Huntington disease the
models of ALS and Huntington disease the three million dollar breakthrough prize
three million dollar breakthrough prize
three million dollar breakthrough prize is awarded to Don Cleveland John Leland
is awarded to Don Cleveland John Leland
is awarded to Don Cleveland John Leland is truly
a lot of his best thinking
a lot of his best thinking [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] science propelled America to greatness
science propelled America to greatness
science propelled America to greatness and leadership in science is crucial for
and leadership in science is crucial for
and leadership in science is crucial for America to maintain that greatness I
America to maintain that greatness I
America to maintain that greatness I learned this lesson initially from my
learned this lesson initially from my
learned this lesson initially from my father a physics professor and then I
father a physics professor and then I
father a physics professor and then I watched him slowly disabled by
watched him slowly disabled by
watched him slowly disabled by Parkinson’s disease which naturally
Parkinson’s disease which naturally
Parkinson’s disease which naturally inter motivated my interest in
inter motivated my interest in
inter motivated my interest in neuroscience I share this extraordinary
neuroscience I share this extraordinary
neuroscience I share this extraordinary honor this today with my wife who
honor this today with my wife who
honor this today with my wife who supported enabled me to pursue a career
supported enabled me to pursue a career
supported enabled me to pursue a career that I love and with my colleagues and
that I love and with my colleagues and
that I love and with my colleagues and trainees together we have used science
trainees together we have used science
trainees together we have used science to decode the pathways that develop
to decode the pathways that develop
to decode the pathways that develop rational therapies for diseases of the
rational therapies for diseases of the
rational therapies for diseases of the nervous system thank you very much
nervous system thank you very much
nervous system thank you very much [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
every year life scientists when new
every year life scientists when new ground in the battle against human
ground in the battle against human
ground in the battle against human diseases but that battle is ongoing and
diseases but that battle is ongoing and
diseases but that battle is ongoing and its costs remain heavy tonight we pay
its costs remain heavy tonight we pay
its costs remain heavy tonight we pay tribute to some great minds taken from
tribute to some great minds taken from
tribute to some great minds taken from us this past year Vera Rubin was born in
us this past year Vera Rubin was born in
us this past year Vera Rubin was born in Philadelphia she started looking at the
Philadelphia she started looking at the
Philadelphia she started looking at the sky at the age of 10 and simply got
sky at the age of 10 and simply got
sky at the age of 10 and simply got hooked on watching stars
hooked on watching stars
hooked on watching stars she changed our conception of what the
she changed our conception of what the
she changed our conception of what the universe is made of our observations of
universe is made of our observations of
universe is made of our observations of galaxies confirmed that most of the mass
galaxies confirmed that most of the mass
galaxies confirmed that most of the mass in the cosmos is the mysterious
in the cosmos is the mysterious
in the cosmos is the mysterious substance known as dark matter with this
substance known as dark matter with this
substance known as dark matter with this discovery Vera Rubin took her place in
discovery Vera Rubin took her place in
discovery Vera Rubin took her place in the pantheon of astronomy
Miriam music Arne was born in Tehran in
Miriam music Arne was born in Tehran in 1977 she was a world-renowned
1977 she was a world-renowned
1977 she was a world-renowned mathematician who explored the dynamics
mathematician who explored the dynamics
mathematician who explored the dynamics of abstract surfaces
our fearlessness and persistence led her
our fearlessness and persistence led her to new connections between branches of
to new connections between branches of
to new connections between branches of meth she won the Fields Medal the
meth she won the Fields Medal the
meth she won the Fields Medal the world’s most prestigious prize for
world’s most prestigious prize for
world’s most prestigious prize for mathematicians under the age of 40 the
mathematicians under the age of 40 the
mathematicians under the age of 40 the first woman and the first Iranian –
first woman and the first Iranian –
first woman and the first Iranian – winner
winner
winner Miriam is Akane leaves us the gift of
Miriam is Akane leaves us the gift of
Miriam is Akane leaves us the gift of newly opened paths to future discoveries
audience tonight his Miriam’s husband
audience tonight his Miriam’s husband Yong fun rocked over there
Yong fun rocked over there
Yong fun rocked over there [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] the anticipation the pursuit the capture
the anticipation the pursuit the capture
the anticipation the pursuit the capture our filmmakers get you up close look
our filmmakers get you up close look
our filmmakers get you up close look here all week long make red alert big
here all week long make red alert big
here all week long make red alert big cat week begins Sunday at 9:00 only on
cat week begins Sunday at 9:00 only on
cat week begins Sunday at 9:00 only on Nat Geo Wild for me the unknown is a
Nat Geo Wild for me the unknown is a
Nat Geo Wild for me the unknown is a seduction let’s do this the wonder of
seduction let’s do this the wonder of
seduction let’s do this the wonder of Startalk the universe itself is a drug
Startalk the universe itself is a drug
Startalk the universe itself is a drug wow man you flew my math star talk
wow man you flew my math star talk
wow man you flew my math star talk new episodes Sunday nights at 11:00
new episodes Sunday nights at 11:00
new episodes Sunday nights at 11:00 that’s kind of dope right that’s totally
that’s kind of dope right that’s totally
that’s kind of dope right that’s totally dope
dope
dope only on National Geographic we’re on a
only on National Geographic we’re on a
only on National Geographic we’re on a set of Mars season two hell is gonna
set of Mars season two hell is gonna
set of Mars season two hell is gonna happen in season terrible what attracted
happen in season terrible what attracted
happen in season terrible what attracted me to Mars was the human component of it
me to Mars was the human component of it
me to Mars was the human component of it season two goes into a lot more dynamics
season two goes into a lot more dynamics
season two goes into a lot more dynamics the drama of the characters
the drama of the characters
the drama of the characters it’s one thing to go to Mars it’s
it’s one thing to go to Mars it’s
it’s one thing to go to Mars it’s something else to be able to home it’s
something else to be able to home it’s
something else to be able to home it’s 10 years later we bring in a second
10 years later we bring in a second
10 years later we bring in a second colony with a completely different
colony with a completely different
colony with a completely different agenda they’re coming to look for
agenda they’re coming to look for
agenda they’re coming to look for resources and ways to make money there’s
resources and ways to make money there’s
resources and ways to make money there’s gonna be conflict that’s gonna be love
gonna be conflict that’s gonna be love
gonna be conflict that’s gonna be love hatred relationships grief science
hatred relationships grief science
hatred relationships grief science exploitation and tension
exploitation and tension
exploitation and tension I like when I’m in trouble when I get in
I like when I’m in trouble when I get in
I like when I’m in trouble when I get in trouble a lot these gonna be quite epic
helmets off cuz I thought you wanted
helmets off cuz I thought you wanted Afghanistan this is the war I got what
Afghanistan this is the war I got what
Afghanistan this is the war I got what do you know about it war ain’t nothing
do you know about it war ain’t nothing
do you know about it war ain’t nothing out there like you think it is you know
out there like you think it is you know
out there like you think it is you know training gonna prepare you there’s no
training gonna prepare you there’s no
training gonna prepare you there’s no glory out there no hero
glory out there no hero
glory out there no hero just
death the long road home new episodes
death the long road home new episodes Tuesdays at 10:00 on National Geographic
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
every hour the average cell creates over
every hour the average cell creates over 1 million proteins that we need to live
1 million proteins that we need to live
1 million proteins that we need to live but as artists and scientists know and
but as artists and scientists know and
but as artists and scientists know and yes even actors not every creation is a
yes even actors not every creation is a
yes even actors not every creation is a masterpiece
masterpiece
masterpiece our next laureates discovered the
our next laureates discovered the
our next laureates discovered the cellular system that decides when a new
cellular system that decides when a new
cellular system that decides when a new production needs to be pulled to
production needs to be pulled to
production needs to be pulled to introduce them
introduce them
introduce them please welcome YouTube CEO Susan
please welcome YouTube CEO Susan
please welcome YouTube CEO Susan Wojcicki breakthrough prize co-founder
Wojcicki breakthrough prize co-founder
Wojcicki breakthrough prize co-founder and CEO of 23andme
and CEO of 23andme
and CEO of 23andme and a rotates whoa jetski I’ll get it
and a rotates whoa jetski I’ll get it
and a rotates whoa jetski I’ll get it right and five-time or left the gold
right and five-time or left the gold
right and five-time or left the gold medalist swimmer Katie ledecky
medalist swimmer Katie ledecky
medalist swimmer Katie ledecky [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
my sister and I are honored to stand
my sister and I are honored to stand here with this remarkable athlete as her
here with this remarkable athlete as her
here with this remarkable athlete as her record shows Katie knows what it takes
record shows Katie knows what it takes
record shows Katie knows what it takes to win a race science can also become a
to win a race science can also become a
to win a race science can also become a race but thankfully one in which in the
race but thankfully one in which in the
race but thankfully one in which in the end everybody wins it’s an honor to be
end everybody wins it’s an honor to be
end everybody wins it’s an honor to be standing on this stage with you two
standing on this stage with you two
standing on this stage with you two remarkable women as an athlete you need
remarkable women as an athlete you need
remarkable women as an athlete you need competitors to bring the best out of you
competitors to bring the best out of you
competitors to bring the best out of you that’s splashed on the edge of my
that’s splashed on the edge of my
that’s splashed on the edge of my peripheral vision means a rival is
peripheral vision means a rival is
peripheral vision means a rival is closing that’s often what it takes to
closing that’s often what it takes to
closing that’s often what it takes to surpass your own limits which brings us
surpass your own limits which brings us
surpass your own limits which brings us to our next two winning scientists and
to our next two winning scientists and
to our next two winning scientists and the gold medal worthy breakthrough that
the gold medal worthy breakthrough that
the gold medal worthy breakthrough that they share through the race – new
they share through the race – new
they share through the race – new discoveries over a decade our next
discoveries over a decade our next
discoveries over a decade our next laureates uncovered the extraordinary
laureates uncovered the extraordinary
laureates uncovered the extraordinary process known as the unfolded protein
process known as the unfolded protein
process known as the unfolded protein response chaos this chaos in the
response chaos this chaos in the
response chaos this chaos in the molecular scale this constant movement
molecular scale this constant movement
molecular scale this constant movement random collisions but somehow order
random collisions but somehow order
random collisions but somehow order comes out of this process
Casa Morrie and my lab we pretty much
Casa Morrie and my lab we pretty much went parallel in this discovery we made
went parallel in this discovery we made
went parallel in this discovery we made independent discoveries then we sort of
independent discoveries then we sort of
independent discoveries then we sort of marched on the path of discovery and
marched on the path of discovery and
marched on the path of discovery and lockstep completions severe no fear no
lockstep completions severe no fear no
lockstep completions severe no fear no surprise no suspicion and no hesitation
surprise no suspicion and no hesitation
surprise no suspicion and no hesitation even though important looks big stronger
even though important looks big stronger
even though important looks big stronger big eye moving for us like an even Pete
big eye moving for us like an even Pete
big eye moving for us like an even Pete Iser big guy but even though opponent
Iser big guy but even though opponent
Iser big guy but even though opponent look so great just go straight
look so great just go straight
look so great just go straight we make the first discovery of dude
we make the first discovery of dude
we make the first discovery of dude system in our body we discovered an
system in our body we discovered an
system in our body we discovered an absolutely unique and unpredictable
absolutely unique and unpredictable
absolutely unique and unpredictable mechanism the unfolded protein response
mechanism the unfolded protein response
mechanism the unfolded protein response protein as a machine pretty much does
protein as a machine pretty much does
protein as a machine pretty much does all the reactions in a Cell that make
all the reactions in a Cell that make
all the reactions in a Cell that make life possible protein must have its own
life possible protein must have its own
life possible protein must have its own structure it’s constantly changing
structure it’s constantly changing
structure it’s constantly changing shapes the idea is to be in the correct
shapes the idea is to be in the correct
shapes the idea is to be in the correct shape to carry out the function
shape to carry out the function
shape to carry out the function sometimes protein spontaneous in his
sometimes protein spontaneous in his
sometimes protein spontaneous in his food can cause various diseases we can
food can cause various diseases we can
food can cause various diseases we can inhibit stop this European we may be
inhibit stop this European we may be
inhibit stop this European we may be able to kill cancer cells this field
able to kill cancer cells this field
able to kill cancer cells this field moved dramatically forward because of
moved dramatically forward because of
moved dramatically forward because of this composition with pedometer
this composition with pedometer
this composition with pedometer looking into the unknown it’s sometimes
looking into the unknown it’s sometimes
looking into the unknown it’s sometimes scary you have no idea where you’re
scary you have no idea where you’re
scary you have no idea where you’re going we are explorers that have to
going we are explorers that have to
going we are explorers that have to figure out how nature evolved things and
figure out how nature evolved things and
figure out how nature evolved things and how they work it’s very difficult to go
how they work it’s very difficult to go
how they work it’s very difficult to go to that your own goal by directly but
to that your own goal by directly but
to that your own goal by directly but our DNA is helix double helix so if you
our DNA is helix double helix so if you
our DNA is helix double helix so if you keep your head looking up maybe a goal
keep your head looking up maybe a goal
keep your head looking up maybe a goal around in a circle sometimes but someday
around in a circle sometimes but someday
around in a circle sometimes but someday you did
you did
you did [Music]
for describing a cellular quality
for describing a cellular quality control system that detects
control system that detects
control system that detects disease-causing unfolded proteins and
disease-causing unfolded proteins and
disease-causing unfolded proteins and triggers corrective measure the
triggers corrective measure the
triggers corrective measure the breakthrough prize is awarded to kazoo
breakthrough prize is awarded to kazoo
breakthrough prize is awarded to kazoo Toshi Mori and Peter vaulter positive
Toshi Mori and Peter vaulter positive
Toshi Mori and Peter vaulter positive OSHA Mori enjoys being in an instructor
OSHA Mori enjoys being in an instructor
OSHA Mori enjoys being in an instructor in kendo a modern Japanese martial art
in kendo a modern Japanese martial art
in kendo a modern Japanese martial art using bamboo swords and protective armor
using bamboo swords and protective armor
using bamboo swords and protective armor Peter vaulter is a menace
Peter vaulter is a menace
Peter vaulter is a menace when he’s not exploring molecules he’s
when he’s not exploring molecules he’s
when he’s not exploring molecules he’s building sculptures as tall as he is
building sculptures as tall as he is
building sculptures as tall as he is [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] I wanted to be PhD scientist from my
I wanted to be PhD scientist from my
I wanted to be PhD scientist from my childhood at the beginning I want to
childhood at the beginning I want to
childhood at the beginning I want to study particle physics but I met
study particle physics but I met
study particle physics but I met molecular biology when I was a freshman
molecular biology when I was a freshman
molecular biology when I was a freshman at Kyoto University which fascinated me
at Kyoto University which fascinated me
at Kyoto University which fascinated me after graduation I had a panem permanent
after graduation I had a panem permanent
after graduation I had a panem permanent job as a biochemist but at age 30 I
job as a biochemist but at age 30 I
job as a biochemist but at age 30 I decided to quit that job and came to
decided to quit that job and came to
decided to quit that job and came to United States to run curricular biology
United States to run curricular biology
United States to run curricular biology is a new endeavor with no promise of
is a new endeavor with no promise of
is a new endeavor with no promise of success but my wife’s article said yes
success but my wife’s article said yes
success but my wife’s article said yes to my decision and supported me
to my decision and supported me
to my decision and supported me throughout and then I met Jerry in some
throughout and then I met Jerry in some
throughout and then I met Jerry in some interesting project called alpha proton
interesting project called alpha proton
interesting project called alpha proton disposal
disposal
disposal Nora Fatiha our dust takes us in 1989
Nora Fatiha our dust takes us in 1989
Nora Fatiha our dust takes us in 1989 since then nearly 30 years I received
since then nearly 30 years I received
since then nearly 30 years I received breakthrough surprise
breakthrough surprise
breakthrough surprise Japanese bahama American Dreams thank
Japanese bahama American Dreams thank
Japanese bahama American Dreams thank you very much
well what an incredible moment s
well what an incredible moment s apologist we decipher the fundamental
apologist we decipher the fundamental
apologist we decipher the fundamental principles of life and it’s really it’s
principles of life and it’s really it’s
principles of life and it’s really it’s a fascinating job to figure out how
a fascinating job to figure out how
a fascinating job to figure out how living cells accomplish their tasks that
living cells accomplish their tasks that
living cells accomplish their tasks that is amazing tasks and from that we can
is amazing tasks and from that we can
is amazing tasks and from that we can learn in the what goes wrong in disease
learn in the what goes wrong in disease
learn in the what goes wrong in disease and what goes wrong as we age our work
and what goes wrong as we age our work
and what goes wrong as we age our work increases knowledge there’s a goal to
increases knowledge there’s a goal to
increases knowledge there’s a goal to reduce human suffering and I really
reduce human suffering and I really
reduce human suffering and I really thank the founders of this amazing award
thank the founders of this amazing award
thank the founders of this amazing award for shining the spotlight on the value
for shining the spotlight on the value
for shining the spotlight on the value of discovery in all of us all of you for
of discovery in all of us all of you for
of discovery in all of us all of you for joining us tonight
joining us tonight
joining us tonight thank you
thank you
thank you [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] we see the world in three dimensions up
we see the world in three dimensions up
we see the world in three dimensions up and down right and left forward and back
and down right and left forward and back
and down right and left forward and back can you imagine
can you imagine
can you imagine than that the surprising answer when we
than that the surprising answer when we
than that the surprising answer when we come back to the breakthrough prize
come back to the breakthrough prize
come back to the breakthrough prize [Music]
[Music]
[Music] today marks the end of an era in the
today marks the end of an era in the
today marks the end of an era in the beginning of a new one
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] to vehicles people are going to see
to vehicles people are going to see
to vehicles people are going to see amazing things from us here
the long road home is magnificent
the long road home is magnificent unflinching masterful now we visit the
unflinching masterful now we visit the
unflinching masterful now we visit the real events behind black Sunday with
real events behind black Sunday with
real events behind black Sunday with author Martha Raddatz
author Martha Raddatz
author Martha Raddatz I didn’t realize how that Dan Soder City
I didn’t realize how that Dan Soder City
I didn’t realize how that Dan Soder City would stay with them here from the
would stay with them here from the
would stay with them here from the soldiers and families who were there
soldiers and families who were there
soldiers and families who were there their legs just kinda go weak it was
their legs just kinda go weak it was
their legs just kinda go weak it was very hard I don’t think the bonds that
very hard I don’t think the bonds that
very hard I don’t think the bonds that they made love a break and follow the
they made love a break and follow the
they made love a break and follow the courage beyond the show if I asked how
courage beyond the show if I asked how
courage beyond the show if I asked how long a road home it’s been for you road
long a road home it’s been for you road
long a road home it’s been for you road never end
never end
never end heroes of a long road home December 19th
heroes of a long road home December 19th
heroes of a long road home December 19th at 11 on National Geographic for me the
at 11 on National Geographic for me the
at 11 on National Geographic for me the unknown is a seduction the wonder of
unknown is a seduction the wonder of
unknown is a seduction the wonder of Startalk the universe itself is a drug
Startalk the universe itself is a drug
Startalk the universe itself is a drug wow man you flew my Startalk new
wow man you flew my Startalk new
wow man you flew my Startalk new episodes Sunday nights at 11 that’s kind
episodes Sunday nights at 11 that’s kind
episodes Sunday nights at 11 that’s kind of dope right that’s totally dope only
of dope right that’s totally dope only
of dope right that’s totally dope only on National Geographic a good king will
on National Geographic a good king will
on National Geographic a good king will do anything to secure his throne but
do anything to secure his throne but
do anything to secure his throne but what if his very own sons are the ones
what if his very own sons are the ones
what if his very own sons are the ones who linger
who linger
who linger and plot and threaten to steal it all
and plot and threaten to steal it all
and plot and threaten to steal it all heavy is the head that wears the crown
heavy is the head that wears the crown
heavy is the head that wears the crown and number are his days Savage Kingdom
and number are his days Savage Kingdom
and number are his days Savage Kingdom uprising new episodes Fridays at 9:00 or
uprising new episodes Fridays at 9:00 or
uprising new episodes Fridays at 9:00 or not geo wild we’re on a set of Mars
not geo wild we’re on a set of Mars
not geo wild we’re on a set of Mars season two hell’s gonna happen in season
season two hell’s gonna happen in season
season two hell’s gonna happen in season two what attracted me to Mars was the
two what attracted me to Mars was the
two what attracted me to Mars was the human component of it
human component of it
human component of it season two goes into a lot more dynamics
season two goes into a lot more dynamics
season two goes into a lot more dynamics the drama of the characters it’s one
the drama of the characters it’s one
the drama of the characters it’s one thing to go to Mars it’s something else
thing to go to Mars it’s something else
thing to go to Mars it’s something else to build a home it’s 10 years later we
to build a home it’s 10 years later we
to build a home it’s 10 years later we bring in a second colony with a
bring in a second colony with a
bring in a second colony with a completely different agenda they’re
completely different agenda they’re
completely different agenda they’re coming to look for resources and ways to
coming to look for resources and ways to
coming to look for resources and ways to make money that’s gonna be conflict
make money that’s gonna be conflict
make money that’s gonna be conflict that’s gonna be love hatred
that’s gonna be love hatred
that’s gonna be love hatred relationships grief Zionist exploitation
relationships grief Zionist exploitation
relationships grief Zionist exploitation and tension
and tension
and tension I like when I’m in trouble when I get in
I like when I’m in trouble when I get in
I like when I’m in trouble when I get in trouble a lot things gonna be quite epic
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] the first great questioners of received
the first great questioners of received
the first great questioners of received wisdom were not all scientists some in
wisdom were not all scientists some in
wisdom were not all scientists some in fact were artisans they wondered how to
fact were artisans they wondered how to
fact were artisans they wondered how to paint scenes with depth on a flat canvas
paint scenes with depth on a flat canvas
paint scenes with depth on a flat canvas they imagined running strings through
they imagined running strings through
they imagined running strings through the plane of a painting to find out
the plane of a painting to find out
the plane of a painting to find out where they met in the process they
where they met in the process they
where they met in the process they didn’t just discover perspective in art
didn’t just discover perspective in art
didn’t just discover perspective in art they started a new field of math today
they started a new field of math today
they started a new field of math today mathematicians have followed their lines
mathematicians have followed their lines
mathematicians have followed their lines of logic to new dimensions literally to
of logic to new dimensions literally to
of logic to new dimensions literally to introduce the winners of the
introduce the winners of the
introduce the winners of the breakthrough prize and mathematics it is
breakthrough prize and mathematics it is
breakthrough prize and mathematics it is my pleasure to introduce a former NFL
my pleasure to introduce a former NFL
my pleasure to introduce a former NFL player for Baltimore Ravens who retired
player for Baltimore Ravens who retired
player for Baltimore Ravens who retired from football to continue pursuing his
from football to continue pursuing his
from football to continue pursuing his PhD in mathematics at MIT
and joining him is a neuroscientist who
and joining him is a neuroscientist who can battle co-founder who co-founded the
can battle co-founder who co-founded the
can battle co-founder who co-founded the amazing AI company deep mind please
amazing AI company deep mind please
amazing AI company deep mind please welcome John Herschel and demis hassabis
welcome John Herschel and demis hassabis
welcome John Herschel and demis hassabis [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] I’m honored to be here tonight and
I’m honored to be here tonight and
I’m honored to be here tonight and alongside Dennis my fellow MIT affiliate
go engineers Magnus to be honest my mom
go engineers Magnus to be honest my mom would have preferred me to skip the
would have preferred me to skip the
would have preferred me to skip the whole football thing and go straight to
whole football thing and go straight to
whole football thing and go straight to the PhD but I loved every moment of my
the PhD but I loved every moment of my
the PhD but I loved every moment of my career and I’m thankful I didn’t have to
career and I’m thankful I didn’t have to
career and I’m thankful I didn’t have to choose between my two passions to
choose between my two passions to
choose between my two passions to athletes or others in short-lived
athletes or others in short-lived
athletes or others in short-lived physical careers I’d say this it’s not
physical careers I’d say this it’s not
physical careers I’d say this it’s not too late to start an adventure of the
too late to start an adventure of the
too late to start an adventure of the mind and in a subject like math the
mind and in a subject like math the
mind and in a subject like math the challenge is endless because the playing
challenge is endless because the playing
challenge is endless because the playing field is infinite so Jon you might be
field is infinite so Jon you might be
field is infinite so Jon you might be surprised to hear that I too had a
surprised to hear that I too had a
surprised to hear that I too had a short-lived career as a sports champion
short-lived career as a sports champion
short-lived career as a sports champion before my PhD you know chasing glory
before my PhD you know chasing glory
before my PhD you know chasing glory seeing off opponents twice my size but
seeing off opponents twice my size but
seeing off opponents twice my size but enough about my dark past as a junior
enough about my dark past as a junior
enough about my dark past as a junior chess player I share John’s passion for
chess player I share John’s passion for
chess player I share John’s passion for mathematics as a discipline it’s enabled
mathematics as a discipline it’s enabled
mathematics as a discipline it’s enabled me to program computer games study the
me to program computer games study the
me to program computer games study the brain and build AI but it’s also an
brain and build AI but it’s also an
brain and build AI but it’s also an arena of human creativity like art music
arena of human creativity like art music
arena of human creativity like art music and sport which offers the joy of just
and sport which offers the joy of just
and sport which offers the joy of just doing something beautiful purely for its
doing something beautiful purely for its
doing something beautiful purely for its own sake and our next laureates have
own sake and our next laureates have
own sake and our next laureates have devoted their entire lives to just that
Renaissance painters worked out how to
Renaissance painters worked out how to show death and the world in three
show death and the world in three
show death and the world in three dimensions but of course that’s an
dimensions but of course that’s an
dimensions but of course that’s an illusion it’s a mapping of the
illusion it’s a mapping of the
illusion it’s a mapping of the three-dimensional world onto a
three-dimensional world onto a
three-dimensional world onto a two-dimensional surface and in
two-dimensional surface and in
two-dimensional surface and in mathematics there are dimensions higher
mathematics there are dimensions higher
mathematics there are dimensions higher than the three dimensions were used to
than the three dimensions were used to
than the three dimensions were used to the question for us was how to represent
the question for us was how to represent
the question for us was how to represent higher dimensions four dimensions five
higher dimensions four dimensions five
higher dimensions four dimensions five dimensions and so on using the rules of
dimensions and so on using the rules of
dimensions and so on using the rules of algebra I think of dimension as the
algebra I think of dimension as the
algebra I think of dimension as the number of degrees of freedom if you’re
number of degrees of freedom if you’re
number of degrees of freedom if you’re on a point there’s no way to move or
on a point there’s no way to move or
on a point there’s no way to move or align you move in one dimension you move
align you move in one dimension you move
align you move in one dimension you move backwards and forwards the surface you
backwards and forwards the surface you
backwards and forwards the surface you move in two directions we live in three
move in two directions we live in three
move in two directions we live in three dimensions four dimensions if you count
dimensions four dimensions if you count
dimensions four dimensions if you count time because that’s how many degrees of
time because that’s how many degrees of
time because that’s how many degrees of freedom we have the objects that we try
freedom we have the objects that we try
freedom we have the objects that we try and study are typically six dimensional
and study are typically six dimensional
and study are typically six dimensional or even higher than six dimensional we
or even higher than six dimensional we
or even higher than six dimensional we find the problem we are interested and
find the problem we are interested and
find the problem we are interested and we solve it typically with nothing more
we solve it typically with nothing more
we solve it typically with nothing more than and on paper the problem that James
than and on paper the problem that James
than and on paper the problem that James and I solved is called the finite
and I solved is called the finite
and I solved is called the finite generation of the canonical ring
generation of the canonical ring
generation of the canonical ring possibly the central problem of our
possibly the central problem of our
possibly the central problem of our research area Christopher now I had
research area Christopher now I had
research area Christopher now I had different perspectives on this problem
different perspectives on this problem
different perspectives on this problem we both attack the problem from a
we both attack the problem from a
we both attack the problem from a different point of view it was the
different point of view it was the
different point of view it was the combination of those two perspectives
combination of those two perspectives
combination of those two perspectives that somehow was the state food one day
that somehow was the state food one day
that somehow was the state food one day we stumbled on a very useful technique
we stumbled on a very useful technique
we stumbled on a very useful technique that we actually developed because we
that we actually developed because we
that we actually developed because we have complementary strengths Christopher
have complementary strengths Christopher
have complementary strengths Christopher is the far more pragmatic than I am yes
is the far more pragmatic than I am yes
is the far more pragmatic than I am yes he’s the one who wants to see the final
he’s the one who wants to see the final
he’s the one who wants to see the final product I’m the dreamer
product I’m the dreamer
product I’m the dreamer he’s the under slave driver there is a
he’s the under slave driver there is a
he’s the under slave driver there is a right answer once you prove a theorem
right answer once you prove a theorem
right answer once you prove a theorem it’s true there’s no other way about it
it’s true there’s no other way about it
it’s true there’s no other way about it so I always dreamed of solving a problem
so I always dreamed of solving a problem
so I always dreamed of solving a problem like this but I never thought that it
like this but I never thought that it
like this but I never thought that it would be realistic
would be realistic
would be realistic [Music]
for transformational contributions to by
for transformational contributions to by rational algebraic geometry especially
rational algebraic geometry especially
rational algebraic geometry especially the minimal model program in all
the minimal model program in all
the minimal model program in all dimensions the breakthrough prize is
dimensions the breakthrough prize is
dimensions the breakthrough prize is awarded to Christopher Hayden and James
awarded to Christopher Hayden and James
awarded to Christopher Hayden and James McKenna when he’s not working in higher
McKenna when he’s not working in higher
McKenna when he’s not working in higher math or hiking with Jane
math or hiking with Jane
math or hiking with Jane Kernan Christopher
six children
six children [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] wow what an inspiring evening we are
wow what an inspiring evening we are
wow what an inspiring evening we are truly honored and humbled to receive
truly honored and humbled to receive
truly honored and humbled to receive this recognition of our work we hope
this recognition of our work we hope
this recognition of our work we hope that they will inspire others to pursue
that they will inspire others to pursue
that they will inspire others to pursue research and mathematics we would also
research and mathematics we would also
research and mathematics we would also like to share a deep gratitude to our
like to share a deep gratitude to our
like to share a deep gratitude to our mentors colleagues and co-authors
mentors colleagues and co-authors
mentors colleagues and co-authors without their mathematical contributions
without their mathematical contributions
without their mathematical contributions and their support we would never have
and their support we would never have
and their support we would never have been able to be part of these beautiful
been able to be part of these beautiful
been able to be part of these beautiful discoveries which are really just the
discoveries which are really just the
discoveries which are really just the finishing touch on a decade’s long
finishing touch on a decade’s long
finishing touch on a decade’s long research program advanced by the vision
research program advanced by the vision
research program advanced by the vision and the efforts of many brilliant
and the efforts of many brilliant
and the efforts of many brilliant mathematicians sharing this process and
mathematicians sharing this process and
mathematicians sharing this process and the success with them has been
the success with them has been
the success with them has been exhilarating thank you
exhilarating thank you
exhilarating thank you [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
the breakthrough prize scientists
the breakthrough prize scientists changing the world will return on
changing the world will return on
changing the world will return on National Geographic
National Geographic
National Geographic [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
for me the unknown is a seduction let’s
for me the unknown is a seduction let’s do this the wonder of Startalk the
do this the wonder of Startalk the
do this the wonder of Startalk the universe itself is a drug wow man you
universe itself is a drug wow man you
universe itself is a drug wow man you flew my mouth Startalk
flew my mouth Startalk
flew my mouth Startalk new episodes Sunday nights at 11 that’s
new episodes Sunday nights at 11 that’s
new episodes Sunday nights at 11 that’s kind of dope right that’s totally dope
kind of dope right that’s totally dope
kind of dope right that’s totally dope only on National Geographic the
only on National Geographic the
only on National Geographic the anticipation the pursuit the capture our
anticipation the pursuit the capture our
anticipation the pursuit the capture our filmmakers get you up close back here
filmmakers get you up close back here
filmmakers get you up close back here all week long make red alert big cat
all week long make red alert big cat
all week long make red alert big cat week begins Sunday at 9:00
week begins Sunday at 9:00
week begins Sunday at 9:00 only on Nat Geo Wild we’re on the set of
only on Nat Geo Wild we’re on the set of
only on Nat Geo Wild we’re on the set of Mars season two hell’s gonna happen in
Mars season two hell’s gonna happen in
Mars season two hell’s gonna happen in season terrible what attracted me to
season terrible what attracted me to
season terrible what attracted me to Mars was the human component of it
Mars was the human component of it
Mars was the human component of it season two goes into a lot more dynamics
season two goes into a lot more dynamics
season two goes into a lot more dynamics the drama of the characters
the drama of the characters
the drama of the characters it’s one thing to go to Mars it’s
it’s one thing to go to Mars it’s
it’s one thing to go to Mars it’s something else to build a home it’s ten
something else to build a home it’s ten
something else to build a home it’s ten years later we bring in a second colony
years later we bring in a second colony
years later we bring in a second colony with a completely different agenda
with a completely different agenda
with a completely different agenda they’re coming to look for resources and
they’re coming to look for resources and
they’re coming to look for resources and ways to make money that’s gonna be
ways to make money that’s gonna be
ways to make money that’s gonna be conflict that’s gonna be love hatred
conflict that’s gonna be love hatred
conflict that’s gonna be love hatred relationships reef science exploitation
relationships reef science exploitation
relationships reef science exploitation and tension
and tension
and tension I like when I’m in trouble when I get in
I like when I’m in trouble when I get in
I like when I’m in trouble when I get in trouble a lot things gonna be quite epic
helmets off cuz today marks the end of
helmets off cuz today marks the end of an era in the beginning of a new one
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] to vehicles people are going to see
to vehicles people are going to see
to vehicles people are going to see amazing things from us here
a good king will do anything to secure
a good king will do anything to secure his throne but what if his very own sons
his throne but what if his very own sons
his throne but what if his very own sons are the ones who linger and plot and
are the ones who linger and plot and
are the ones who linger and plot and threaten to steal it all heavy is the
threaten to steal it all heavy is the
threaten to steal it all heavy is the head that wears the crown and number are
head that wears the crown and number are
head that wears the crown and number are his days Savage Kingdom uprising new
his days Savage Kingdom uprising new
his days Savage Kingdom uprising new episodes Fridays at 9:00 or not geo wild
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] every moment is a beginning every new
every moment is a beginning every new
every moment is a beginning every new idea that groves can trace its birth to
idea that groves can trace its birth to
idea that groves can trace its birth to a spark of inspiration as 2017 comes to
a spark of inspiration as 2017 comes to
a spark of inspiration as 2017 comes to its end let us look forward to the
its end let us look forward to the
its end let us look forward to the breakthroughs of 2018 and celebrate the
breakthroughs of 2018 and celebrate the
breakthroughs of 2018 and celebrate the new as we do so let us never forget that
new as we do so let us never forget that
new as we do so let us never forget that the search for truth is never over and
the search for truth is never over and
the search for truth is never over and the survival of truth is never assured
the survival of truth is never assured
the survival of truth is never assured we have to choose do we stand with those
we have to choose do we stand with those
we have to choose do we stand with those who wish to suppress the truth or stand
who wish to suppress the truth or stand
who wish to suppress the truth or stand with those who seek it the answer is
with those who seek it the answer is
with those who seek it the answer is clear to me to us and to those who love
clear to me to us and to those who love
clear to me to us and to those who love knowledge and who we honor tonight and
knowledge and who we honor tonight and
knowledge and who we honor tonight and now let us welcome back to the stage
now let us welcome back to the stage
now let us welcome back to the stage those men and women who have dedicated
those men and women who have dedicated
those men and women who have dedicated their lives to christiany everything and
their lives to christiany everything and
their lives to christiany everything and searching for the truth
searching for the truth
searching for the truth this year’s breakthrough prize laureates
this year’s breakthrough prize laureates
this year’s breakthrough prize laureates [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] you
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