the story of higher being in the Machu Picchu is about exploration and
Picchu is about exploration and
Picchu is about exploration and excitement
following your passions and having them
following your passions and having them lead you to a place like Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu itself was so much more
Machu Picchu itself was so much more beautiful and anything else you saw
when I was 18 I was heading off to
when I was 18 I was heading off to college and for my birthday my 18th
college and for my birthday my 18th
college and for my birthday my 18th birthday my dad gave me a t-shirt and on
birthday my dad gave me a t-shirt and on
birthday my dad gave me a t-shirt and on the front of the t-shirt was this Machu
the front of the t-shirt was this Machu
the front of the t-shirt was this Machu Picchu the site were here to talk about
Picchu the site were here to talk about
Picchu the site were here to talk about and celebrate tonight this is an image
and celebrate tonight this is an image
and celebrate tonight this is an image from 1911 and I had heard of Machu
from 1911 and I had heard of Machu
from 1911 and I had heard of Machu Picchu before but I didn’t recognize the
Picchu before but I didn’t recognize the
Picchu before but I didn’t recognize the guy in the back this was a t-shirt my
guy in the back this was a t-shirt my
guy in the back this was a t-shirt my dad had picked up the Peabody Museum of
dad had picked up the Peabody Museum of
dad had picked up the Peabody Museum of Yale which is where Bingham eventually
Yale which is where Bingham eventually
Yale which is where Bingham eventually stored a lot of his artifacts and this
stored a lot of his artifacts and this
stored a lot of his artifacts and this was Hiram Bingham I’ve never seen his
was Hiram Bingham I’ve never seen his
was Hiram Bingham I’ve never seen his image before but he’s striking I mean
image before but he’s striking I mean
image before but he’s striking I mean he’s very tall he’s six foot four he’s
he’s very tall he’s six foot four he’s
he’s very tall he’s six foot four he’s handsome
handsome
handsome he wears jodhpurs like the best of them
he wears jodhpurs like the best of them
he wears jodhpurs like the best of them but I was also a little bit puzzled
but I was also a little bit puzzled
but I was also a little bit puzzled because Hiram Bingham was not a name
because Hiram Bingham was not a name
because Hiram Bingham was not a name that I myself had necessarily registered
that I myself had necessarily registered
that I myself had necessarily registered in the same way that I had Howard Carter
in the same way that I had Howard Carter
in the same way that I had Howard Carter or Heinrich Schliemann the the
or Heinrich Schliemann the the
or Heinrich Schliemann the the respective archaeologists who were so
respective archaeologists who were so
respective archaeologists who were so famous and infamous for digging up King
famous and infamous for digging up King
famous and infamous for digging up King Tut and Troy respectively and as I got
Tut and Troy respectively and as I got
Tut and Troy respectively and as I got into college I eventually came to
into college I eventually came to
into college I eventually came to understand why it’s it’s it was it was
understand why it’s it’s it was it was
understand why it’s it’s it was it was very exciting to go to Yale University
very exciting to go to Yale University
very exciting to go to Yale University where Bingham himself studied and where
where Bingham himself studied and where
where Bingham himself studied and where he did a lot of his work later on and
he did a lot of his work later on and
he did a lot of his work later on and but I regret to say that I did not end
but I regret to say that I did not end
but I regret to say that I did not end up becoming an archaeologist I had as
up becoming an archaeologist I had as
up becoming an archaeologist I had as many people do their freshman or
many people do their freshman or
many people do their freshman or sophomore year a crisis of sorts and
sophomore year a crisis of sorts and
sophomore year a crisis of sorts and started doing literature and history
started doing literature and history
started doing literature and history instead but it brought me back to Latin
instead but it brought me back to Latin
instead but it brought me back to Latin America and my senior year as I was
America and my senior year as I was
America and my senior year as I was getting ready to write senior essay my
getting ready to write senior essay my
getting ready to write senior essay my advisor said to me well why don’t you
advisor said to me well why don’t you
advisor said to me well why don’t you write on Yale’s Indiana Jones and he had
write on Yale’s Indiana Jones and he had
write on Yale’s Indiana Jones and he had me at that Hiram Bingham in a word was a
me at that Hiram Bingham in a word was a
me at that Hiram Bingham in a word was a world wind he was a force of nature he
world wind he was a force of nature he
world wind he was a force of nature he was smart he was deeply ambitious he was
was smart he was deeply ambitious he was
was smart he was deeply ambitious he was a good organizer he wasn’t very good at
a good organizer he wasn’t very good at
a good organizer he wasn’t very good at staying in one place his his his career
staying in one place his his his career
staying in one place his his his career his historian stumbled along until he
his historian stumbled along until he
his historian stumbled along until he realized that that was actually his
realized that that was actually his
realized that that was actually his strength he was born in 1875 to a family
strength he was born in 1875 to a family
strength he was born in 1875 to a family of missionaries in Hawaii
of missionaries in Hawaii
of missionaries in Hawaii he was only child
he was only child
he was only child very lonely but he had this family
very lonely but he had this family
very lonely but he had this family legacy of religious leadership his
legacy of religious leadership his
legacy of religious leadership his grandfather had converted the the queen
grandfather had converted the the queen
grandfather had converted the the queen of Hawaii the indigenous queen of Hawaii
of Hawaii the indigenous queen of Hawaii
of Hawaii the indigenous queen of Hawaii why to Christianity and his parents hope
why to Christianity and his parents hope
why to Christianity and his parents hope was that Hyrum would one day go to China
was that Hyrum would one day go to China
was that Hyrum would one day go to China and do the same with the Emperor at the
and do the same with the Emperor at the
and do the same with the Emperor at the Empress he went to Phillips Academy in
Empress he went to Phillips Academy in
Empress he went to Phillips Academy in Andover and then on to Yale where he was
Andover and then on to Yale where he was
Andover and then on to Yale where he was able to make a life for himself that was
able to make a life for himself that was
able to make a life for himself that was very different from the missionary life
very different from the missionary life
very different from the missionary life that his parents imagined for him he
that his parents imagined for him he
that his parents imagined for him he realized that he was very good at
realized that he was very good at
realized that he was very good at teaching his fellow students
teaching his fellow students
teaching his fellow students he was extremely poor they were
he was extremely poor they were
he was extremely poor they were extremely wealthy he liked to read books
extremely wealthy he liked to read books
extremely wealthy he liked to read books they like to get notes from people who
they like to get notes from people who
they like to get notes from people who like to read books and he realized that
like to read books and he realized that
like to read books and he realized that he could be a teacher he could be a
he could be a teacher he could be a
he could be a teacher he could be a leader of men in a different way for a
leader of men in a different way for a
leader of men in a different way for a new century and carry on the Bingham
new century and carry on the Bingham
new century and carry on the Bingham family tradition of being a leader but
family tradition of being a leader but
family tradition of being a leader but in in a way that he felt was more modern
in in a way that he felt was more modern
in in a way that he felt was more modern and that let him continue to read and
and that let him continue to read and
and that let him continue to read and have his adventures however it was very
have his adventures however it was very
have his adventures however it was very hard for him to do so because there
hard for him to do so because there
hard for him to do so because there still was a barrier of both wealth and
still was a barrier of both wealth and
still was a barrier of both wealth and prestige at Yale that he couldn’t quite
prestige at Yale that he couldn’t quite
prestige at Yale that he couldn’t quite break through he had wanted to be tapped
break through he had wanted to be tapped
break through he had wanted to be tapped for a senior society like Skull and
for a senior society like Skull and
for a senior society like Skull and Bones he actually hoped to be tapped for
Bones he actually hoped to be tapped for
Bones he actually hoped to be tapped for skull and bones and wasn’t and he felt
skull and bones and wasn’t and he felt
skull and bones and wasn’t and he felt that later on the fact that he hadn’t
that later on the fact that he hadn’t
that later on the fact that he hadn’t been part of that upper echelon of
been part of that upper echelon of
been part of that upper echelon of already elite University stopped him
already elite University stopped him
already elite University stopped him from having a satisfying career at Yale
from having a satisfying career at Yale
from having a satisfying career at Yale as he would have hoped so he would had
as he would have hoped so he would had
as he would have hoped so he would had to go back to why after he graduated
to go back to why after he graduated
to go back to why after he graduated much like many of us fear and have in my
much like many of us fear and have in my
much like many of us fear and have in my case moved back to our parents house
case moved back to our parents house
case moved back to our parents house after after college he moved back to
after after college he moved back to
after after college he moved back to Honolulu to be with his to be with his
Honolulu to be with his to be with his
Honolulu to be with his to be with his parents however he had also by then
parents however he had also by then
parents however he had also by then started to think about someone who would
started to think about someone who would
started to think about someone who would change his life and allow him to do many
change his life and allow him to do many
change his life and allow him to do many things that wanted he’d fallen in love
things that wanted he’d fallen in love
things that wanted he’d fallen in love with Alfredo Mitchell and Alfredo was a
with Alfredo Mitchell and Alfredo was a
with Alfredo Mitchell and Alfredo was a kind warm and and generous person that
kind warm and and generous person that
kind warm and and generous person that Bingham had met in his senior year of
Bingham had met in his senior year of
Bingham had met in his senior year of college he hadn’t quite had the
college he hadn’t quite had the
college he hadn’t quite had the confidence to talk to her but when he
confidence to talk to her but when he
confidence to talk to her but when he found out that Alfredo’s parents yacht
found out that Alfredo’s parents yacht
found out that Alfredo’s parents yacht had arrived at Honolulu
had arrived at Honolulu
had arrived at Honolulu he went over and introduced himself now
he went over and introduced himself now
he went over and introduced himself now yeah she was nervous to the Tiffany
yeah she was nervous to the Tiffany
yeah she was nervous to the Tiffany diamond fortune Bingham fell in love
diamond fortune Bingham fell in love
diamond fortune Bingham fell in love with her but it’s there’s also the
with her but it’s there’s also the
with her but it’s there’s also the excitement that comes from new
excitement that comes from new
excitement that comes from new opportunities and and being I’m serious
opportunities and and being I’m serious
opportunities and and being I’m serious and and and mixed up in their
and and and mixed up in their
and and and mixed up in their relationship was was new new horizons
relationship was was new new horizons
relationship was was new new horizons and with Alfredo they got married soon
and with Alfredo they got married soon
and with Alfredo they got married soon after they would have seven sons they
after they would have seven sons they
after they would have seven sons they they came to live in a very large houses
they came to live in a very large houses
they came to live in a very large houses in Cambridge where Bingham went to
in Cambridge where Bingham went to
in Cambridge where Bingham went to University of Harvard Harvard University
University of Harvard Harvard University
University of Harvard Harvard University for his doctorate and then in New Haven
for his doctorate and then in New Haven
for his doctorate and then in New Haven now his his decision to study history at
now his his decision to study history at
now his his decision to study history at Harvard was actually a fairly radical
Harvard was actually a fairly radical
Harvard was actually a fairly radical one for the at the time because he
one for the at the time because he
one for the at the time because he wasn’t doing European history he wasn’t
wasn’t doing European history he wasn’t
wasn’t doing European history he wasn’t doing US history he was doing Latin
doing US history he was doing Latin
doing US history he was doing Latin American history and he believed that he
American history and he believed that he
American history and he believed that he was the first person to ever be hired
was the first person to ever be hired
was the first person to ever be hired specifically to teach Latin American
specifically to teach Latin American
specifically to teach Latin American history in the US and it’s a little bit
history in the US and it’s a little bit
history in the US and it’s a little bit like well what had happened in 1898 with
like well what had happened in 1898 with
like well what had happened in 1898 with a spanish-american war and then the u.s.
a spanish-american war and then the u.s.
a spanish-american war and then the u.s. taking over the responsibility and
taking over the responsibility and
taking over the responsibility and self-imposed duty building the Panama
self-imposed duty building the Panama
self-imposed duty building the Panama Canal that burden Bingham believed that
Canal that burden Bingham believed that
Canal that burden Bingham believed that the u.s. had a future in the region that
the u.s. had a future in the region that
the u.s. had a future in the region that would need experts like himself in
would need experts like himself in
would need experts like himself in politics and economics and history to
politics and economics and history to
politics and economics and history to lead this is a period that some have
lead this is a period that some have
lead this is a period that some have called imperialism others have given it
called imperialism others have given it
called imperialism others have given it other terms but Bingham really believed
other terms but Bingham really believed
other terms but Bingham really believed that the US had a role of leadership to
that the US had a role of leadership to
that the US had a role of leadership to play and that he he wanted to be the one
play and that he he wanted to be the one
play and that he he wanted to be the one one of the ones guiding the u.s. after a
one of the ones guiding the u.s. after a
one of the ones guiding the u.s. after a few years of teaching he found himself
few years of teaching he found himself
few years of teaching he found himself getting anxious at being chained to
getting anxious at being chained to
getting anxious at being chained to teaching undergraduates and he instead
teaching undergraduates and he instead
teaching undergraduates and he instead decided to embark on a new phase of his
decided to embark on a new phase of his
decided to embark on a new phase of his life and career as an explorer his first
life and career as an explorer his first
life and career as an explorer his first expedition he framed in historical terms
expedition he framed in historical terms
expedition he framed in historical terms he went from Caracas Venezuela
he went from Caracas Venezuela
he went from Caracas Venezuela up and over the Andes Mountains to
up and over the Andes Mountains to
up and over the Andes Mountains to Bogota the capital of Colombia and he
Bogota the capital of Colombia and he
Bogota the capital of Colombia and he set it up to retrace the steps of Simon
set it up to retrace the steps of Simon
set it up to retrace the steps of Simon Bolivar the the
Bolivar the the
Bolivar the the in a hero of South American independence
in a hero of South American independence
in a hero of South American independence he was successful enough and liked it
he was successful enough and liked it
he was successful enough and liked it enough that he put together a second
enough that he put together a second
enough that he put together a second expedition for himself and these were
expedition for himself and these were
expedition for himself and these were small scale things him and one or two
small scale things him and one or two
small scale things him and one or two other people for the second expedition
other people for the second expedition
other people for the second expedition he sailed down the eastern coast of
he sailed down the eastern coast of
he sailed down the eastern coast of South America and went from when I
South America and went from when I
South America and went from when I raised up into Bolivia to potosi to sort
raised up into Bolivia to potosi to sort
raised up into Bolivia to potosi to sort of follow the old Spanish trade routes
of follow the old Spanish trade routes
of follow the old Spanish trade routes he wanted to get a sense of what the old
he wanted to get a sense of what the old
he wanted to get a sense of what the old colonial economy looked like from the
colonial economy looked like from the
colonial economy looked like from the ground this was pretty groundbreaking
ground this was pretty groundbreaking
ground this was pretty groundbreaking for the time for historian to do this I
for the time for historian to do this I
for the time for historian to do this I mean perhaps he was procrastinating from
mean perhaps he was procrastinating from
mean perhaps he was procrastinating from writing but he was also seeking out new
writing but he was also seeking out new
writing but he was also seeking out new archives he was trying to understand
archives he was trying to understand
archives he was trying to understand history through his feet which is I
history through his feet which is I
history through his feet which is I think a pretty crucial important and
think a pretty crucial important and
think a pretty crucial important and important part of any historians
important part of any historians
important part of any historians training is being at the place that
training is being at the place that
training is being at the place that they’re writing about and from Bolivia
they’re writing about and from Bolivia
they’re writing about and from Bolivia he went down to Santiago this is in 1908
he went down to Santiago this is in 1908
he went down to Santiago this is in 1908 1909 he went down there for a conference
1909 he went down there for a conference
1909 he went down there for a conference and while he was at that conference an
and while he was at that conference an
and while he was at that conference an inkling of an idea began to infect him
inkling of an idea began to infect him
inkling of an idea began to infect him that would change his life
that would change his life
that would change his life up until this moment he had only studied
up until this moment he had only studied
up until this moment he had only studied what we might call the European history
what we might call the European history
what we might call the European history of South America history for him began
of South America history for him began
of South America history for him began somewhat at the conquest but certainly
somewhat at the conquest but certainly
somewhat at the conquest but certainly began with independence it did not
began with independence it did not
began with independence it did not involve indigenous peoples being in
involve indigenous peoples being in
involve indigenous peoples being in Santiago he was exposed to a number of
Santiago he was exposed to a number of
Santiago he was exposed to a number of Peruvian scholars who told him you know
Peruvian scholars who told him you know
Peruvian scholars who told him you know or who gave speeches and talks that
or who gave speeches and talks that
or who gave speeches and talks that exposed him to what might happen if he
exposed him to what might happen if he
exposed him to what might happen if he decided to go – up here – Cusco to the
decided to go – up here – Cusco to the
decided to go – up here – Cusco to the the former Inca city
the former Inca city
the former Inca city he took a diversion on from his trip
he took a diversion on from his trip
he took a diversion on from his trip that changed his life rich Cusco in 1909
that changed his life rich Cusco in 1909
that changed his life rich Cusco in 1909 and he saw the foundations of the
and he saw the foundations of the
and he saw the foundations of the Spanish colonial cities that withstood
Spanish colonial cities that withstood
Spanish colonial cities that withstood earthquakes the Inca foundations he went
earthquakes the Inca foundations he went
earthquakes the Inca foundations he went up to saqsaywaman the fortress above the
up to saqsaywaman the fortress above the
up to saqsaywaman the fortress above the city and saw the the several hundred ton
city and saw the the several hundred ton
city and saw the the several hundred ton stones that that had withstood Spanish
stones that that had withstood Spanish
stones that that had withstood Spanish conquistadors for only so long but still
conquistadors for only so long but still
conquistadors for only so long but still stood and couldn’t be separated by a
stood and couldn’t be separated by a
stood and couldn’t be separated by a single razor he went on from there some
single razor he went on from there some
single razor he went on from there some on the way back to Lima he allowed
on the way back to Lima he allowed
on the way back to Lima he allowed himself to be convinced I think he
himself to be convinced I think he
himself to be convinced I think he probably by this point would
probably by this point would
probably by this point would very easily convinced to visit a place
very easily convinced to visit a place
very easily convinced to visit a place called choker corral the cradle of gold
called choker corral the cradle of gold
called choker corral the cradle of gold a group of Peruvians have been
a group of Peruvians have been
a group of Peruvians have been excavating at the site and they wanted
excavating at the site and they wanted
excavating at the site and they wanted to see what he thought about it and once
to see what he thought about it and once
to see what he thought about it and once he got there I mean by then he was
he got there I mean by then he was
he got there I mean by then he was hooked they told him that choker Corral
hooked they told him that choker Corral
hooked they told him that choker Corral was the last city of the Incas and he
was the last city of the Incas and he
was the last city of the Incas and he went through the experience of being
went through the experience of being
went through the experience of being there as as I was imagining that he was
there as as I was imagining that he was
there as as I was imagining that he was at this place where the Inca Emperor had
at this place where the Inca Emperor had
at this place where the Inca Emperor had holed up where the last priests and
holed up where the last priests and
holed up where the last priests and priestesses had died and it was
priestesses had died and it was
priestesses had died and it was incredibly thrilling he wrote about it
incredibly thrilling he wrote about it
incredibly thrilling he wrote about it to his wife as one of the greatest
to his wife as one of the greatest
to his wife as one of the greatest moments that he had experienced yet the
moments that he had experienced yet the
moments that he had experienced yet the only problem that he saw with it is that
only problem that he saw with it is that
only problem that he saw with it is that over time he came to think that you know
over time he came to think that you know
over time he came to think that you know a side like this all beautiful and if
a side like this all beautiful and if
a side like this all beautiful and if anyone does have the chance of it’s a
anyone does have the chance of it’s a
anyone does have the chance of it’s a choker Corral they should it is gorgeous
choker Corral they should it is gorgeous
choker Corral they should it is gorgeous and they’re uncovering more of it every
and they’re uncovering more of it every
and they’re uncovering more of it every day aside like this although beautiful
day aside like this although beautiful
day aside like this although beautiful didn’t fit what he imagined as a lost
didn’t fit what he imagined as a lost
didn’t fit what he imagined as a lost Inca City so he came back to the US and
Inca City so he came back to the US and
Inca City so he came back to the US and proceeded to do what a good historian
proceeded to do what a good historian
proceeded to do what a good historian does he started reading the sources and
does he started reading the sources and
does he started reading the sources and he found through his own reading and
he found through his own reading and
he found through his own reading and through collaborating with a few
through collaborating with a few
through collaborating with a few Peruvian scholars that there was no way
Peruvian scholars that there was no way
Peruvian scholars that there was no way that jokah Corral could be the last city
that jokah Corral could be the last city
that jokah Corral could be the last city of the Incas vilcabamba and he began
of the Incas vilcabamba and he began
of the Incas vilcabamba and he began putting together an expedition that
putting together an expedition that
putting together an expedition that would go back to Peru in 1911 that would
would go back to Peru in 1911 that would
would go back to Peru in 1911 that would take care of it early July 1911 Bingham
take care of it early July 1911 Bingham
take care of it early July 1911 Bingham begins the trip that I think we can
begins the trip that I think we can
begins the trip that I think we can count safely as one of the greatest runs
count safely as one of the greatest runs
count safely as one of the greatest runs in exploration in at least in 20th
in exploration in at least in 20th
in exploration in at least in 20th century they leave from Cusco they go
century they leave from Cusco they go
century they leave from Cusco they go over the mountains down into the sacred
over the mountains down into the sacred
over the mountains down into the sacred valley where many Incan Emperor’s had
valley where many Incan Emperor’s had
valley where many Incan Emperor’s had had their most beautiful estates they
had their most beautiful estates they
had their most beautiful estates they proceeded down the road that had only
proceeded down the road that had only
proceeded down the road that had only been recently blasted along the the
been recently blasted along the the
been recently blasted along the the Urubamba River what had once been a
Urubamba River what had once been a
Urubamba River what had once been a straight river of the vilcanota at a
straight river of the vilcanota at a
straight river of the vilcanota at a certain point it becomes this twisting
certain point it becomes this twisting
certain point it becomes this twisting turning violent thing that was very hard
turning violent thing that was very hard
turning violent thing that was very hard to get along until a few decades before
to get along until a few decades before
to get along until a few decades before Bingham on July 23rd they get to a bend
Bingham on July 23rd they get to a bend
Bingham on July 23rd they get to a bend in the river called Mandar pompe and at
in the river called Mandar pompe and at
in the river called Mandar pompe and at Mandar pompe being a mid tool to ask the
Mandar pompe being a mid tool to ask the
Mandar pompe being a mid tool to ask the local innkeeper about ruins in the area
local innkeeper about ruins in the area
local innkeeper about ruins in the area and the innkeeper whose name was Melchor
and the innkeeper whose name was Melchor
and the innkeeper whose name was Melchor Adi Agha just pointed straight up and
Adi Agha just pointed straight up and
Adi Agha just pointed straight up and said the words that would change
said the words that would change
said the words that would change binghams life my
binghams life my
binghams life my – peachy July 24th began very rainy
– peachy July 24th began very rainy
– peachy July 24th began very rainy Bingham waited for the rain to stop
Bingham waited for the rain to stop
Bingham waited for the rain to stop before getting melt rock – Yaga out of
before getting melt rock – Yaga out of
before getting melt rock – Yaga out of bed who is apparently nursing a hangover
bed who is apparently nursing a hangover
bed who is apparently nursing a hangover but he was still better at walking
but he was still better at walking
but he was still better at walking across the bridge than Bingham was he he
across the bridge than Bingham was he he
across the bridge than Bingham was he he could sort of took it took his boots off
could sort of took it took his boots off
could sort of took it took his boots off and just sort of sprinted across the
and just sort of sprinted across the
and just sort of sprinted across the Urubamba River Bingham however had to
Urubamba River Bingham however had to
Urubamba River Bingham however had to get down on hands and knees and let’s
get down on hands and knees and let’s
get down on hands and knees and let’s understand while he’s six foot for
understand while he’s six foot for
understand while he’s six foot for center of gravity is much much higher he
center of gravity is much much higher he
center of gravity is much much higher he was very afraid of falling into the
was very afraid of falling into the
was very afraid of falling into the water and ending our story right now
water and ending our story right now
water and ending our story right now rather than in half an hour
rather than in half an hour
rather than in half an hour and they were followed by a Peruvian
and they were followed by a Peruvian
and they were followed by a Peruvian sergeant named colossal and they began
sergeant named colossal and they began
sergeant named colossal and they began their climb up the side of the mountain
their climb up the side of the mountain
their climb up the side of the mountain through gorgeous were kids
through gorgeous were kids
through gorgeous were kids it was incredibly green still wet our
it was incredibly green still wet our
it was incredibly green still wet our Tiago told Bingham to watch out where he
Tiago told Bingham to watch out where he
Tiago told Bingham to watch out where he put his hands there were a lot of vipers
put his hands there were a lot of vipers
put his hands there were a lot of vipers on the slopes and after about an hour
on the slopes and after about an hour
on the slopes and after about an hour and a half they get to a clear ridge
and a half they get to a clear ridge
and a half they get to a clear ridge where Bingham is very surprised to find
where Bingham is very surprised to find
where Bingham is very surprised to find a family of Indian farmers living at the
a family of Indian farmers living at the
a family of Indian farmers living at the site on the left is a member of binghams
site on the left is a member of binghams
site on the left is a member of binghams expedition this is this was the rich art
expedition this is this was the rich art
expedition this is this was the rich art a family tour Vista chart a on the right
a family tour Vista chart a on the right
a family tour Vista chart a on the right and his wife whose name unfortunately
and his wife whose name unfortunately
and his wife whose name unfortunately Bingham didn’t record and they had been
Bingham didn’t record and they had been
Bingham didn’t record and they had been living at the side for at least four
living at the side for at least four
living at the side for at least four years and they had made this Ridge their
years and they had made this Ridge their
years and they had made this Ridge their home I was a place away from the
home I was a place away from the
home I was a place away from the government they were a little bit
government they were a little bit
government they were a little bit nervous to see the Peruvian military
nervous to see the Peruvian military
nervous to see the Peruvian military there they were afraid that tourbus was
there they were afraid that tourbus was
there they were afraid that tourbus was going to be conscripted into the army
going to be conscripted into the army
going to be conscripted into the army but our Tiago reassured them and said no
but our Tiago reassured them and said no
but our Tiago reassured them and said no this Gringo’s just wants to see the
this Gringo’s just wants to see the
this Gringo’s just wants to see the ruins it smell like okay so they while
ruins it smell like okay so they while
ruins it smell like okay so they while they talked with our Tiago they send
they talked with our Tiago they send
they talked with our Tiago they send their son whose name has been called
their son whose name has been called
their son whose name has been called sometimes Pablito chart a who was about
sometimes Pablito chart a who was about
sometimes Pablito chart a who was about five or six years old at the time to
five or six years old at the time to
five or six years old at the time to lead Bingham through like past their
lead Bingham through like past their
lead Bingham through like past their house over the ancient terraces and into
house over the ancient terraces and into
house over the ancient terraces and into what would be beside itself Bingham
what would be beside itself Bingham
what would be beside itself Bingham follows the boy he has hard time keeping
follows the boy he has hard time keeping
follows the boy he has hard time keeping up but they come around one turn and
up but they come around one turn and
up but they come around one turn and Terrace and there it is before him Machu
Terrace and there it is before him Machu
Terrace and there it is before him Machu Picchu on all things related to the
Picchu on all things related to the
Picchu on all things related to the ruins itself sometimes it’s best to
ruins itself sometimes it’s best to
ruins itself sometimes it’s best to defer to his writing on the place
defer to his writing on the place
defer to his writing on the place when he first saw it it captured his
when he first saw it it captured his
when he first saw it it captured his imagination as a jungle covered maze of
imagination as a jungle covered maze of
imagination as a jungle covered maze of small and large walls the ruins of
small and large walls the ruins of
small and large walls the ruins of buildings made of blocks of white
buildings made of blocks of white
buildings made of blocks of white granite most carefully cut and
granite most carefully cut and
granite most carefully cut and beautifully fitted together without
beautifully fitted together without
beautifully fitted together without cement surprise followed surprise until
cement surprise followed surprise until
cement surprise followed surprise until there came the realization that we were
there came the realization that we were
there came the realization that we were in the midst of his wonderful ruins as
in the midst of his wonderful ruins as
in the midst of his wonderful ruins as any ever found in Peru the boy led him
any ever found in Peru the boy led him
any ever found in Peru the boy led him up past the fountains to whipping him
up past the fountains to whipping him
up past the fountains to whipping him came to call call the sacred plaza there
came to call call the sacred plaza there
came to call call the sacred plaza there was one temple there with with hole hole
was one temple there with with hole hole
was one temple there with with hole hole this is a hole Rock right here that had
this is a hole Rock right here that had
this is a hole Rock right here that had been carved and erected on side weighing
been carved and erected on side weighing
been carved and erected on side weighing several tons and another temple can’t be
several tons and another temple can’t be
several tons and another temple can’t be called the temple of the three windows
called the temple of the three windows
called the temple of the three windows as Windows if you looked out to it faced
as Windows if you looked out to it faced
as Windows if you looked out to it faced the Rising Sun and the mountains below
the Rising Sun and the mountains below
the Rising Sun and the mountains below and really I think when you see them it
and really I think when you see them it
and really I think when you see them it really feels like you’re being pulled
really feels like you’re being pulled
really feels like you’re being pulled out of them some other world and then
out of them some other world and then
out of them some other world and then ultimately the inti Wattana at the site
ultimately the inti Wattana at the site
ultimately the inti Wattana at the site the Antigua Tana has been translated as
the Antigua Tana has been translated as
the Antigua Tana has been translated as the hitching post for the Sun it was an
the hitching post for the Sun it was an
the hitching post for the Sun it was an altar of sorts and a way to mark the
altar of sorts and a way to mark the
altar of sorts and a way to mark the passage of time not of hours but of
passage of time not of hours but of
passage of time not of hours but of equinoxes and solstices and this was the
equinoxes and solstices and this was the
equinoxes and solstices and this was the only one that we know of in such a
only one that we know of in such a
only one that we know of in such a wonderful condition that survived the
wonderful condition that survived the
wonderful condition that survived the Spanish conquest most the time when the
Spanish conquest most the time when the
Spanish conquest most the time when the Spanish found them they would knock the
Spanish found them they would knock the
Spanish found them they would knock the top off because they would see it as an
top off because they would see it as an
top off because they would see it as an idol was very clearly worshiped and this
idol was very clearly worshiped and this
idol was very clearly worshiped and this was this is the only one that we have
was this is the only one that we have
was this is the only one that we have that we know of and when Bingham saw
that we know of and when Bingham saw
that we know of and when Bingham saw these things he knew very quickly that
these things he knew very quickly that
these things he knew very quickly that it was something special
it was something special
it was something special um he was also aware that many other
um he was also aware that many other
um he was also aware that many other people had been to the site before him
people had been to the site before him
people had been to the site before him the temple of the three windows actually
the temple of the three windows actually
the temple of the three windows actually had people’s names on it
had people’s names on it
had people’s names on it people in Cusco and in the area had
people in Cusco and in the area had
people in Cusco and in the area had talked about ruins and Machu Picchu for
talked about ruins and Machu Picchu for
talked about ruins and Machu Picchu for years there’s even been working and by
years there’s even been working and by
years there’s even been working and by others in the last few years about
others in the last few years about
others in the last few years about foreigners from the region who perhaps
foreigners from the region who perhaps
foreigners from the region who perhaps marked Machu Picchu on their mining
marked Machu Picchu on their mining
marked Machu Picchu on their mining prospectuses Bingham however in taking
prospectuses Bingham however in taking
prospectuses Bingham however in taking these pictures brought mantra p2 into a
these pictures brought mantra p2 into a
these pictures brought mantra p2 into a new century a different stage in its
new century a different stage in its
new century a different stage in its life story and which would come to stand
life story and which would come to stand
life story and which would come to stand for the development of the Incas before
for the development of the Incas before
for the development of the Incas before Spanish conquest what was the treasure
Spanish conquest what was the treasure
Spanish conquest what was the treasure of Machu Picchu and I’ll put treasure in
of Machu Picchu and I’ll put treasure in
of Machu Picchu and I’ll put treasure in quotes it wasn’t you know
quotes it wasn’t you know
quotes it wasn’t you know cache of gold or silver it wasn’t
cache of gold or silver it wasn’t
cache of gold or silver it wasn’t everything that the Incas had lost it
everything that the Incas had lost it
everything that the Incas had lost it was however what had been left in the
was however what had been left in the
was however what had been left in the site by the Incas to honor its buildings
site by the Incas to honor its buildings
site by the Incas to honor its buildings that had been left with the dead with
that had been left with the dead with
that had been left with the dead with Bingham and the expedition uncovered
Bingham and the expedition uncovered
Bingham and the expedition uncovered were the remains of about 170 to 200
were the remains of about 170 to 200
were the remains of about 170 to 200 individuals from about 100 caves what
individuals from about 100 caves what
individuals from about 100 caves what they had was humble it wasn’t massive
they had was humble it wasn’t massive
they had was humble it wasn’t massive gold or silver there were there was a
gold or silver there were there was a
gold or silver there were there was a silver headdress a very thin one and
silver headdress a very thin one and
silver headdress a very thin one and some silver jewelry most of it was
some silver jewelry most of it was
some silver jewelry most of it was bronze knives that were in themselves
bronze knives that were in themselves
bronze knives that were in themselves very beautiful there was one knife that
very beautiful there was one knife that
very beautiful there was one knife that had a boy on its handle and his
had a boy on its handle and his
had a boy on its handle and his everything down to his his andean hat is
everything down to his his andean hat is
everything down to his his andean hat is perfectly done and he’s has a fishing
perfectly done and he’s has a fishing
perfectly done and he’s has a fishing rod from the end of the fishing rod it’s
rod from the end of the fishing rod it’s
rod from the end of the fishing rod it’s a tiny filigreed bronze wire leading to
a tiny filigreed bronze wire leading to
a tiny filigreed bronze wire leading to a fish that’s jumping on the edge of the
a fish that’s jumping on the edge of the
a fish that’s jumping on the edge of the knife and the life that they captured in
knife and the life that they captured in
knife and the life that they captured in that was is absolutely beautiful but it
that was is absolutely beautiful but it
that was is absolutely beautiful but it was by no means no cache of gold or
was by no means no cache of gold or
was by no means no cache of gold or silver but it did evoke what at the end
silver but it did evoke what at the end
silver but it did evoke what at the end of the day Machu Picchu is about which
of the day Machu Picchu is about which
of the day Machu Picchu is about which is people people who lived there and
is people people who lived there and
is people people who lived there and those artifacts the reason why we’re
those artifacts the reason why we’re
those artifacts the reason why we’re talking about them today is that they
talking about them today is that they
talking about them today is that they didn’t stay in Peru when I started this
didn’t stay in Peru when I started this
didn’t stay in Peru when I started this project Yale had just put on an
project Yale had just put on an
project Yale had just put on an exhibition about the ill about the Machu
exhibition about the ill about the Machu
exhibition about the ill about the Machu Picchu artifacts that said they came to
Picchu artifacts that said they came to
Picchu artifacts that said they came to Yale by agreement with the Peruvian
Yale by agreement with the Peruvian
Yale by agreement with the Peruvian government when I moved to Peru to do my
government when I moved to Peru to do my
government when I moved to Peru to do my research I was told by no some uncertain
research I was told by no some uncertain
research I was told by no some uncertain terms they were smuggled and that when
terms they were smuggled and that when
terms they were smuggled and that when the Yale people tried to put them on the
the Yale people tried to put them on the
the Yale people tried to put them on the trains and on the boats to get them out
trains and on the boats to get them out
trains and on the boats to get them out the people in the in the cities revolted
the people in the in the cities revolted
the people in the in the cities revolted the truth is somewhere in between
the truth is somewhere in between
the truth is somewhere in between this wasn’t looting by but not by no
this wasn’t looting by but not by no
this wasn’t looting by but not by no means was this given in total agreement
means was this given in total agreement
means was this given in total agreement with the Peruvian government instead
with the Peruvian government instead
with the Peruvian government instead this was meant to be a collaboration it
this was meant to be a collaboration it
this was meant to be a collaboration it was however a collaboration that was at
was however a collaboration that was at
was however a collaboration that was at its time was unfulfilled him came back
its time was unfulfilled him came back
its time was unfulfilled him came back from Peru in 1912 and announced 1911
from Peru in 1912 and announced 1911
from Peru in 1912 and announced 1911 excuse me and announced Machu Picchu
excuse me and announced Machu Picchu
excuse me and announced Machu Picchu seas existence and there was an
seas existence and there was an
seas existence and there was an immediate response from the press from
immediate response from the press from
immediate response from the press from newspapers it was hailed as a lost city
newspapers it was hailed as a lost city
newspapers it was hailed as a lost city in the clouds and is very clear that
in the clouds and is very clear that
in the clouds and is very clear that Bingham want to get back excavate Yale
Bingham want to get back excavate Yale
Bingham want to get back excavate Yale was very
was very
was very to do so the National Geographic Society
to do so the National Geographic Society
to do so the National Geographic Society for the first time put money behind the
for the first time put money behind the
for the first time put money behind the Bingham Yale’s funders hope was that
Bingham Yale’s funders hope was that
Bingham Yale’s funders hope was that Bingham would come back with a
Bingham would come back with a
Bingham would come back with a collection for yells Museum the only
collection for yells Museum the only
collection for yells Museum the only problem was that Peru had a set of pesky
problem was that Peru had a set of pesky
problem was that Peru had a set of pesky decrees that made that very difficult
decrees that made that very difficult
decrees that made that very difficult there have been laws in the Peruvian
there have been laws in the Peruvian
there have been laws in the Peruvian books for four years about the
books for four years about the
books for four years about the excavation of artifacts and the
excavation of artifacts and the
excavation of artifacts and the ownership of national patrimony but
ownership of national patrimony but
ownership of national patrimony but while thinking was there in 1911 his
while thinking was there in 1911 his
while thinking was there in 1911 his expeditions actually provoked proven
expeditions actually provoked proven
expeditions actually provoked proven intellectuals to look at their lives and
intellectuals to look at their lives and
intellectuals to look at their lives and say you know we needs things they’re a
say you know we needs things they’re a
say you know we needs things they’re a little bit stronger foreigners have been
little bit stronger foreigners have been
little bit stronger foreigners have been excavating without regulation and taking
excavating without regulation and taking
excavating without regulation and taking artifacts out of the country for years
artifacts out of the country for years
artifacts out of the country for years and we need to keep them in the country
and we need to keep them in the country
and we need to keep them in the country to train our own archaeologists and to
to train our own archaeologists and to
to train our own archaeologists and to hold on to this past that for such a
hold on to this past that for such a
hold on to this past that for such a long time has been escaping Bingham was
long time has been escaping Bingham was
long time has been escaping Bingham was aware enough of this change in proving
aware enough of this change in proving
aware enough of this change in proving law and this standing sort of norm that
law and this standing sort of norm that
law and this standing sort of norm that this is how Peruvian into action
this is how Peruvian into action
this is how Peruvian into action intellectuals felt then 1911 before he
intellectuals felt then 1911 before he
intellectuals felt then 1911 before he went to prove for the first time to look
went to prove for the first time to look
went to prove for the first time to look for the lost cities of the Incas he
for the lost cities of the Incas he
for the lost cities of the Incas he actually told the New York Sun that if
actually told the New York Sun that if
actually told the New York Sun that if they found anything in the way of
they found anything in the way of
they found anything in the way of treasure it would become the property of
treasure it would become the property of
treasure it would become the property of the Peruvian government to come back and
the Peruvian government to come back and
the Peruvian government to come back and get Yale a collection however they need
get Yale a collection however they need
get Yale a collection however they need to get around these rules and with the
to get around these rules and with the
to get around these rules and with the help of of the US Embassy’s person in
help of of the US Embassy’s person in
help of of the US Embassy’s person in Peru at the time acting in a semi
Peru at the time acting in a semi
Peru at the time acting in a semi official capacity they set up Bingham
official capacity they set up Bingham
official capacity they set up Bingham and Yale set up a concession with the
and Yale set up a concession with the
and Yale set up a concession with the proving government that said that Yale
proving government that said that Yale
proving government that said that Yale could export half of all in it found and
could export half of all in it found and
could export half of all in it found and in exchange
in exchange
in exchange Yale would become the curator in some
Yale would become the curator in some
Yale would become the curator in some sense the the concessionaire the sole
sense the the concessionaire the sole
sense the the concessionaire the sole excavator of Peruvian archaeology for a
excavator of Peruvian archaeology for a
excavator of Peruvian archaeology for a term of ten to twenty years to be clear
term of ten to twenty years to be clear
term of ten to twenty years to be clear that’s it was a lot like a mining
that’s it was a lot like a mining
that’s it was a lot like a mining contract and how they worked in those
contract and how they worked in those
contract and how they worked in those days Yale was seen as taking on the
days Yale was seen as taking on the
days Yale was seen as taking on the responsibility that’s how the president
responsibility that’s how the president
responsibility that’s how the president sought but for Yale they would have a
sought but for Yale they would have a
sought but for Yale they would have a semi-permanent
semi-permanent
semi-permanent or ten to twenty year long channel of
or ten to twenty year long channel of
or ten to twenty year long channel of artifacts coming to the US Bingham was
artifacts coming to the US Bingham was
artifacts coming to the US Bingham was excited by the idea little nervous at
excited by the idea little nervous at
excited by the idea little nervous at first but still flattered by it and he
first but still flattered by it and he
first but still flattered by it and he felt like in order for
felt like in order for
felt like in order for get back to Yale who had supported him
get back to Yale who had supported him
get back to Yale who had supported him he needed to get them artifacts they go
he needed to get them artifacts they go
he needed to get them artifacts they go back to Machu Picchu in in the summer of
back to Machu Picchu in in the summer of
back to Machu Picchu in in the summer of 1912 and begin digging they don’t find a
1912 and begin digging they don’t find a
1912 and begin digging they don’t find a terrific mount at first when they focus
terrific mount at first when they focus
terrific mount at first when they focus on the temples it’s only when they put
on the temples it’s only when they put
on the temples it’s only when they put the the site’s inhabitants to work the
the the site’s inhabitants to work the
the the site’s inhabitants to work the Indian farmers that lived there the
Indian farmers that lived there the
Indian farmers that lived there the three families who lived there they
three families who lived there they
three families who lived there they start getting results and they were
start getting results and they were
start getting results and they were anxious at first they did not want to be
anxious at first they did not want to be
anxious at first they did not want to be digging up the caves of the Dead around
digging up the caves of the Dead around
digging up the caves of the Dead around Machu Picchu they felt it would curse
Machu Picchu they felt it would curse
Machu Picchu they felt it would curse their crops and themselves but through a
their crops and themselves but through a
their crops and themselves but through a mixture of more money and and implicit
mixture of more money and and implicit
mixture of more money and and implicit coercion they set about creating what
coercion they set about creating what
coercion they set about creating what would be for free Gale this incredible
would be for free Gale this incredible
would be for free Gale this incredible cache of human remains and their their
cache of human remains and their their
cache of human remains and their their burial materials the and again to
burial materials the and again to
burial materials the and again to emphasize this is what we’re talking
emphasize this is what we’re talking
emphasize this is what we’re talking about we’re talking about the treasure
about we’re talking about the treasure
about we’re talking about the treasure of Machu Picchu it’s it’s the people’s
of Machu Picchu it’s it’s the people’s
of Machu Picchu it’s it’s the people’s grace and and the knowledge that comes
grace and and the knowledge that comes
grace and and the knowledge that comes from them but also the responsibility
from them but also the responsibility
from them but also the responsibility that comes from them they cleared the
that comes from them they cleared the
that comes from them they cleared the walls of Machu Picchu to to sort of
walls of Machu Picchu to to sort of
walls of Machu Picchu to to sort of reveal like the incredible stone work so
reveal like the incredible stone work so
reveal like the incredible stone work so the Bingham could take incredible
the Bingham could take incredible
the Bingham could take incredible pictures absolutely incredible pictures
pictures absolutely incredible pictures
pictures absolutely incredible pictures that then filled the the 1913 edition of
that then filled the the 1913 edition of
that then filled the the 1913 edition of the magazine which was entirely devoted
the magazine which was entirely devoted
the magazine which was entirely devoted to the expedition as the first time I
to the expedition as the first time I
to the expedition as the first time I think that that happened in National
think that that happened in National
think that that happened in National Geographic history when the Peruvians
Geographic history when the Peruvians
Geographic history when the Peruvians proving intellectuals in cusco and Lima
proving intellectuals in cusco and Lima
proving intellectuals in cusco and Lima found out about the terms the deal
found out about the terms the deal
found out about the terms the deal Bingham had made with the Peruvian
Bingham had made with the Peruvian
Bingham had made with the Peruvian government they went ballistic it was
government they went ballistic it was
government they went ballistic it was seen as so soon after a decree that
seen as so soon after a decree that
seen as so soon after a decree that forbid the exportation of artifacts it
forbid the exportation of artifacts it
forbid the exportation of artifacts it was seen as a way of the Peruvian
was seen as a way of the Peruvian
was seen as a way of the Peruvian President Ligia of selling out the
President Ligia of selling out the
President Ligia of selling out the country to a foreign concessionaire they
country to a foreign concessionaire they
country to a foreign concessionaire they were worried about the firt I mean it
were worried about the firt I mean it
were worried about the firt I mean it was it was literally the very first
was it was literally the very first
was it was literally the very first foreigner who came along and he got an
foreigner who came along and he got an
foreigner who came along and he got an exception of the decree and so Bingham
exception of the decree and so Bingham
exception of the decree and so Bingham had to retract the concession so that
had to retract the concession so that
had to retract the concession so that Yale would not no longer be the sole
Yale would not no longer be the sole
Yale would not no longer be the sole excavator in Peru and in exchange the
excavator in Peru and in exchange the
excavator in Peru and in exchange the new Peruvian president and there were
new Peruvian president and there were
new Peruvian president and there were certainly politics mixed up in here to
certainly politics mixed up in here to
certainly politics mixed up in here to the new Peru
the new Peru
the new Peru resident gate Bingham and Yale a decree
resident gate Bingham and Yale a decree
resident gate Bingham and Yale a decree that let Yale the University export all
that let Yale the University export all
that let Yale the University export all the artifacts hidden found now this
the artifacts hidden found now this
the artifacts hidden found now this might seem like a complete victory to
might seem like a complete victory to
might seem like a complete victory to Yale and would be very surprising if it
Yale and would be very surprising if it
Yale and would be very surprising if it weren’t for the other condition behind
weren’t for the other condition behind
weren’t for the other condition behind the decree which was that Yale had to
the decree which was that Yale had to
the decree which was that Yale had to return the artifacts when Prue asked
return the artifacts when Prue asked
return the artifacts when Prue asked wasn’t until the 2000s that the Peruvian
wasn’t until the 2000s that the Peruvian
wasn’t until the 2000s that the Peruvian government could again put cultural
government could again put cultural
government could again put cultural power and pressure behind the cause of
power and pressure behind the cause of
power and pressure behind the cause of getting yard facts back 2008 Peru sues
getting yard facts back 2008 Peru sues
getting yard facts back 2008 Peru sues Yale for the artifacts return and in
Yale for the artifacts return and in
Yale for the artifacts return and in 2010 last fall president Garcia and Peru
2010 last fall president Garcia and Peru
2010 last fall president Garcia and Peru put a lot of new energy behind gang
put a lot of new energy behind gang
put a lot of new energy behind gang stuff back in time for the centennial
stuff back in time for the centennial
stuff back in time for the centennial anniversary of binghams arrival to the
anniversary of binghams arrival to the
anniversary of binghams arrival to the site what helps get them to yes was a
site what helps get them to yes was a
site what helps get them to yes was a series of letters also written by Yale
series of letters also written by Yale
series of letters also written by Yale graduates to the University saying you
graduates to the University saying you
graduates to the University saying you know this is really damaging our image
know this is really damaging our image
know this is really damaging our image it’s high time we like respect the other
it’s high time we like respect the other
it’s high time we like respect the other side of binghams commitments and also
side of binghams commitments and also
side of binghams commitments and also his achievement in sort of creating
his achievement in sort of creating
his achievement in sort of creating collaboration at key points and send the
collaboration at key points and send the
collaboration at key points and send the artifacts back and sure enough and in a
artifacts back and sure enough and in a
artifacts back and sure enough and in a wonderful Thanksgiving surprise Alan
wonderful Thanksgiving surprise Alan
wonderful Thanksgiving surprise Alan Garcia right before Thanksgiving
Garcia right before Thanksgiving
Garcia right before Thanksgiving announced that Yale had come down to
announced that Yale had come down to
announced that Yale had come down to negotiate for the artifacts return Yale
negotiate for the artifacts return Yale
negotiate for the artifacts return Yale head and willing to send some of the
head and willing to send some of the
head and willing to send some of the artifacts back on very different terms
artifacts back on very different terms
artifacts back on very different terms in the past but this new agreement
in the past but this new agreement
in the past but this new agreement referred to the 1912 decree it sent the
referred to the 1912 decree it sent the
referred to the 1912 decree it sent the artifacts back over the course of two
artifacts back over the course of two
artifacts back over the course of two years not immediately but over two years
years not immediately but over two years
years not immediately but over two years to an institution that separate from the
to an institution that separate from the
to an institution that separate from the Peruvian government in the university of
Peruvian government in the university of
Peruvian government in the university of cusco that Yale and the University of
cusco that Yale and the University of
cusco that Yale and the University of Cusco would work at together it was
Cusco would work at together it was
Cusco would work at together it was really the other side of binghams legacy
really the other side of binghams legacy
really the other side of binghams legacy the this the wonderful side of
the this the wonderful side of
the this the wonderful side of collaboration that the the artifacts of
collaboration that the the artifacts of
collaboration that the the artifacts of Machu Picchu and of the dead were going
Machu Picchu and of the dead were going
Machu Picchu and of the dead were going back close to Machu Picchu to where many
back close to Machu Picchu to where many
back close to Machu Picchu to where many of them had been born where they would
of them had been born where they would
of them had been born where they would be able to be studied by foreigners and
be able to be studied by foreigners and
be able to be studied by foreigners and Peruvians together in a in a work of
Peruvians together in a in a work of
Peruvians together in a in a work of collaboration that reflected you know
collaboration that reflected you know
collaboration that reflected you know the expedition in its best moments um in
the expedition in its best moments um in
the expedition in its best moments um in some ways their 100 Years of Solitude
some ways their 100 Years of Solitude
some ways their 100 Years of Solitude for the bones it was ending in the US
for the bones it was ending in the US
for the bones it was ending in the US and it would be a new century of
and it would be a new century of
and it would be a new century of creating new meanings and new
creating new meanings and new
creating new meanings and new interpretations of the Inca past so what
interpretations of the Inca past so what
interpretations of the Inca past so what we have going into this hundredth santa
we have going into this hundredth santa
we have going into this hundredth santa Niall next month is a new moment the
Niall next month is a new moment the
Niall next month is a new moment the haze has really much been cleared really
haze has really much been cleared really
haze has really much been cleared really has really been cleared from the way we
has really been cleared from the way we
has really been cleared from the way we understand the Yale expedition in terms
understand the Yale expedition in terms
understand the Yale expedition in terms of binghams legacy in terms of what Peru
of binghams legacy in terms of what Peru
of binghams legacy in terms of what Peru had done to protect the past in that
had done to protect the past in that
had done to protect the past in that moment and also from Machu Picchu itself
moment and also from Machu Picchu itself
moment and also from Machu Picchu itself new theories and ideas are coming out
new theories and ideas are coming out
new theories and ideas are coming out about the site all the time and it’s
about the site all the time and it’s
about the site all the time and it’s wonderful we can see what the exhibition
wonderful we can see what the exhibition
wonderful we can see what the exhibition meant with much clearer eyes that for
meant with much clearer eyes that for
meant with much clearer eyes that for Bingham it was about curiosity and going
Bingham it was about curiosity and going
Bingham it was about curiosity and going beyond and not accepting given
beyond and not accepting given
beyond and not accepting given explanations it’s it’s the best of what
explanations it’s it’s the best of what
explanations it’s it’s the best of what we can hope for an academic study but
we can hope for an academic study but
we can hope for an academic study but it’s also a lesson in in letting go and
it’s also a lesson in in letting go and
it’s also a lesson in in letting go and and listening and he he continues to
and listening and he he continues to
and listening and he he continues to teach us I hope today about about our
teach us I hope today about about our
teach us I hope today about about our relationship in this hemisphere and what
relationship in this hemisphere and what
relationship in this hemisphere and what we do when we study it it’s about the
we do when we study it it’s about the
we do when we study it it’s about the people who work on these projects beyond
people who work on these projects beyond
people who work on these projects beyond the Explorer himself the indigenous
the Explorer himself the indigenous
the Explorer himself the indigenous residents of the site who had their own
residents of the site who had their own
residents of the site who had their own beliefs about Machu Picchu that in some
beliefs about Machu Picchu that in some
beliefs about Machu Picchu that in some ways are still emerging that we
ways are still emerging that we
ways are still emerging that we recognize they are many ways the heirs
recognize they are many ways the heirs
recognize they are many ways the heirs of the of the ruins in the way that an
of the of the ruins in the way that an
of the of the ruins in the way that an expedition from outside can’t be and
expedition from outside can’t be and
expedition from outside can’t be and it’s it’s about listening to their
it’s it’s about listening to their
it’s it’s about listening to their stories as well and lastly it’s about
stories as well and lastly it’s about
stories as well and lastly it’s about you know I think what is one of the most
you know I think what is one of the most
you know I think what is one of the most human and defining characteristics we
human and defining characteristics we
human and defining characteristics we have which is the need and desire to
have which is the need and desire to
have which is the need and desire to remember better to to go further into
remember better to to go further into
remember better to to go further into the past and recover things that we
the past and recover things that we
the past and recover things that we thought were lost that we hope aren’t
thought were lost that we hope aren’t
thought were lost that we hope aren’t lost and reinterpret them for the
lost and reinterpret them for the
lost and reinterpret them for the present and use them to in some ways
present and use them to in some ways
present and use them to in some ways hopefully bring us closer together
hopefully bring us closer together
hopefully bring us closer together that tie us in a new relationship of the
that tie us in a new relationship of the
that tie us in a new relationship of the past and history and to the future all
past and history and to the future all
past and history and to the future all of this through Hiram Bingham the people
of this through Hiram Bingham the people
of this through Hiram Bingham the people of Peru and ultimately Machu Picchu
of Peru and ultimately Machu Picchu
of Peru and ultimately Machu Picchu thank you very much
”
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