telling people to study more does not necessarily help in some cases it might
necessarily help in some cases it might
necessarily help in some cases it might actually worsen their performance taking
actually worsen their performance taking
actually worsen their performance taking notes so vital but most students who do
notes so vital but most students who do
notes so vital but most students who do it haven’t learned a very simple rule
it haven’t learned a very simple rule
it haven’t learned a very simple rule the first moment you get after a class
the first moment you get after a class
the first moment you get after a class ideally right after the class you should
ideally right after the class you should
ideally right after the class you should sit down with your notes and expand on
sit down with your notes and expand on
sit down with your notes and expand on everything you jot it down give it depth
everything you jot it down give it depth
everything you jot it down give it depth flesh it out okay if you even wait to go
flesh it out okay if you even wait to go
flesh it out okay if you even wait to go home and do it a couple hours later you
home and do it a couple hours later you
home and do it a couple hours later you will have forgotten some of your own
will have forgotten some of your own
will have forgotten some of your own notes how do you know you know it if you
notes how do you know you know it if you
notes how do you know you know it if you can look at it go to the next one read
can look at it go to the next one read
can look at it go to the next one read it and then stop and go back to the one
it and then stop and go back to the one
it and then stop and go back to the one before look up in the sky and in your
before look up in the sky and in your
before look up in the sky and in your own words say what that was about
own words say what that was about
own words say what that was about yeah you know it now a lot of students
yeah you know it now a lot of students
yeah you know it now a lot of students don’t realize how much were controlled
don’t realize how much were controlled
don’t realize how much were controlled by environmental cues get a little lamp
by environmental cues get a little lamp
by environmental cues get a little lamp and it becomes your study lamp so if you
and it becomes your study lamp so if you
and it becomes your study lamp so if you have to study in your bedroom turn on
have to study in your bedroom turn on
have to study in your bedroom turn on the lamp and start studying the moment
the lamp and start studying the moment
the lamp and start studying the moment you lose your edge fifteen twenty thirty
you lose your edge fifteen twenty thirty
you lose your edge fifteen twenty thirty minutes later
minutes later
minutes later turn the lamp off get up and leave the
turn the lamp off get up and leave the
turn the lamp off get up and leave the desk what you’re training yourself to
desk what you’re training yourself to
desk what you’re training yourself to study while seated there and it becomes
study while seated there and it becomes
study while seated there and it becomes increasingly automatic as did the
increasingly automatic as did the
increasingly automatic as did the raising of the hand
raising of the hand
raising of the hand you sit turn the lamp on and you’re
you sit turn the lamp on and you’re
you sit turn the lamp on and you’re ready to go it’s like magic your brain
ready to go it’s like magic your brain
ready to go it’s like magic your brain has to be focused to be really studying
has to be focused to be really studying
has to be focused to be really studying not time-sharing back and forth the more
not time-sharing back and forth the more
not time-sharing back and forth the more active you are in your learning the more
active you are in your learning the more
active you are in your learning the more effective and yet increasingly I have
effective and yet increasingly I have
effective and yet increasingly I have students who think studying is reading
students who think studying is reading
students who think studying is reading it over and over and they’re gonna have
it over and over and they’re gonna have
it over and over and they’re gonna have some magical thing where they suddenly
some magical thing where they suddenly
some magical thing where they suddenly understand it and remember it well first
understand it and remember it well first
understand it and remember it well first you have to decide what am i learning is
you have to decide what am i learning is
you have to decide what am i learning is it a concept or a fact okay
it a concept or a fact okay
it a concept or a fact okay understanding the name of a bone is a
understanding the name of a bone is a
understanding the name of a bone is a fact understanding what it does in the
fact understanding what it does in the
fact understanding what it does in the body gets into a concept okay so in
body gets into a concept okay so in
body gets into a concept okay so in studying sometimes there are a lot of
studying sometimes there are a lot of
studying sometimes there are a lot of facts and
facts and
facts and they use Anatomy is a good example you
they use Anatomy is a good example you
they use Anatomy is a good example you got to memorize bones muscles organs
got to memorize bones muscles organs
got to memorize bones muscles organs tissues a lot of it but if you simply
tissues a lot of it but if you simply
tissues a lot of it but if you simply memorize and don’t understand the
memorize and don’t understand the
memorize and don’t understand the function of it the comprehension of the
function of it the comprehension of the
function of it the comprehension of the actual concepts it’s a lot of wasted
actual concepts it’s a lot of wasted
actual concepts it’s a lot of wasted learning really just to know a name of a
learning really just to know a name of a
learning really just to know a name of a bone is like yes so what but in most
bone is like yes so what but in most
bone is like yes so what but in most college classes what we as professors
college classes what we as professors
college classes what we as professors are most concerned about is that you
are most concerned about is that you
are most concerned about is that you grasp the concept because concepts once
grasp the concept because concepts once
grasp the concept because concepts once grass will stay with you a lifetime can
grass will stay with you a lifetime can
grass will stay with you a lifetime can you put the concept in your own words if
you put the concept in your own words if
you put the concept in your own words if you can’t you don’t really understand it
you can’t you don’t really understand it
you can’t you don’t really understand it okay it’s not meaningful to you to make
okay it’s not meaningful to you to make
okay it’s not meaningful to you to make it meaningful is a struggle it’s
it meaningful is a struggle it’s
it meaningful is a struggle it’s probably the biggest struggle you have
probably the biggest struggle you have
probably the biggest struggle you have as a student but it’s a struggle you
as a student but it’s a struggle you
as a student but it’s a struggle you need to do or you’re wasting your study
need to do or you’re wasting your study
need to do or you’re wasting your study time people are incredible at confusing
time people are incredible at confusing
time people are incredible at confusing recognition with recollection your
recognition with recollection your
recognition with recollection your visual recognition threshold is so great
visual recognition threshold is so great
visual recognition threshold is so great you can see a person once see them years
you can see a person once see them years
you can see a person once see them years late and go I know you you’ve
late and go I know you you’ve
late and go I know you you’ve highlighted the most important stuff you
highlighted the most important stuff you
highlighted the most important stuff you now go back to study it you said oh I
now go back to study it you said oh I
now go back to study it you said oh I remember it so do you study it no so
remember it so do you study it no so
remember it so do you study it no so what don’t you learn the most important
what don’t you learn the most important
what don’t you learn the most important part of the chapter most of you undo
part of the chapter most of you undo
part of the chapter most of you undo good studying by not sleeping out of
good studying by not sleeping out of
good studying by not sleeping out of early
early
early we’re not sure exactly how but there’s
we’re not sure exactly how but there’s
we’re not sure exactly how but there’s something going on it involves the
something going on it involves the
something going on it involves the hippocampus it involves the storage from
hippocampus it involves the storage from
hippocampus it involves the storage from a transitory long-term memory to a
a transitory long-term memory to a
a transitory long-term memory to a permanent what we call consolidation but
permanent what we call consolidation but
permanent what we call consolidation but we’re getting increasing evidence that
we’re getting increasing evidence that
we’re getting increasing evidence that that consolidation process is dependent
that consolidation process is dependent
that consolidation process is dependent on rapid eye movement sleep which if
on rapid eye movement sleep which if
on rapid eye movement sleep which if you’re an adult happens about every hour
you’re an adult happens about every hour
you’re an adult happens about every hour and a half once you fall asleep if
and a half once you fall asleep if
and a half once you fall asleep if you’re not getting a good night
you’re not getting a good night
you’re not getting a good night typically around eight hours you’re not
typically around eight hours you’re not
typically around eight hours you’re not getting enough REM what you’ve studied
getting enough REM what you’ve studied
getting enough REM what you’ve studied doesn’t become permanent I can tell you
doesn’t become permanent I can tell you
doesn’t become permanent I can tell you there are studies that show simply by
there are studies that show simply by
there are studies that show simply by getting better rest some students
getting better rest some students
getting better rest some students improve markedly in their performance
improve markedly in their performance
improve markedly in their performance because their brain now stores it a lot
because their brain now stores it a lot
because their brain now stores it a lot more efficiently by the way if you know
more efficiently by the way if you know
more efficiently by the way if you know anybody with sleep apnea biggest thing
anybody with sleep apnea biggest thing
anybody with sleep apnea biggest thing they’ll tell you is I can’t remember
they’ll tell you is I can’t remember
they’ll tell you is I can’t remember anything my brain shot it’s like my
anything my brain shot it’s like my
anything my brain shot it’s like my memories gone yeah it is because your
memories gone yeah it is because your
memories gone yeah it is because your Reming isn’t happening because you wake
Reming isn’t happening because you wake
Reming isn’t happening because you wake up so often and you can’t consolidate
up so often and you can’t consolidate
up so often and you can’t consolidate and store permanent memories here’s the
and store permanent memories here’s the
and store permanent memories here’s the funny thing there’s no money to be made
funny thing there’s no money to be made
funny thing there’s no money to be made by telling people to get more sleep so
by telling people to get more sleep so
by telling people to get more sleep so you don’t hear about it on TV sylveon
you don’t hear about it on TV sylveon
you don’t hear about it on TV sylveon isn’t telling you to get better sleep
isn’t telling you to get better sleep
isn’t telling you to get better sleep because they don’t make any money I tell
because they don’t make any money I tell
because they don’t make any money I tell students and they go yeah that’s nice
students and they go yeah that’s nice
students and they go yeah that’s nice but they continue to use their time for
but they continue to use their time for
but they continue to use their time for other things it’s kind of interesting
other things it’s kind of interesting
other things it’s kind of interesting isn’t it the best advice sleep better
isn’t it the best advice sleep better
isn’t it the best advice sleep better and most of you will do better most of
and most of you will do better most of
and most of you will do better most of you won’t even begin to take it I know
you won’t even begin to take it I know
you won’t even begin to take it I know why he got so many other things to do
why he got so many other things to do
why he got so many other things to do I’d ask you this are they important
I’d ask you this are they important
I’d ask you this are they important you’re studying and learning the most
you’re studying and learning the most
you’re studying and learning the most important thing you’re doing as a
important thing you’re doing as a
important thing you’re doing as a student if so maybe you need to give up
student if so maybe you need to give up
student if so maybe you need to give up some of the other activities I have
some of the other activities I have
some of the other activities I have students tell me I don’t have enough
students tell me I don’t have enough
students tell me I don’t have enough time there’s two twat 162 hours in a
time there’s two twat 162 hours in a
time there’s two twat 162 hours in a week we all have the same amount of time
week we all have the same amount of time
week we all have the same amount of time marty has no more nor less than anybody
marty has no more nor less than anybody
marty has no more nor less than anybody in this room real question is what do I
in this room real question is what do I
in this room real question is what do I do with my hundred and sixty-two hours
what I want to do is show you
what I want to do is show you graphically what I’m talking about
graphically what I’m talking about
graphically what I’m talking about let’s say this is efficient studying and
let’s say this is efficient studying and
let’s say this is efficient studying and I know there are no numbers there but
I know there are no numbers there but
I know there are no numbers there but higher means more efficient lower means
higher means more efficient lower means
higher means more efficient lower means low or no efficiency and this axis were
low or no efficiency and this axis were
low or no efficiency and this axis were looking at time here’s what happens for
looking at time here’s what happens for
looking at time here’s what happens for the average student for her 6 o’clock in
the average student for her 6 o’clock in
the average student for her 6 o’clock in the evening after her supper at the
the evening after her supper at the
the evening after her supper at the residency dining hall she plopped
residency dining hall she plopped
residency dining hall she plopped herself down at her little study area
herself down at her little study area
herself down at her little study area and started studying but here’s what
and started studying but here’s what
and started studying but here’s what happened
happened
happened [Music]
[Music]
[Music] by about 6:30 she was in a major slump
by about 6:30 she was in a major slump
by about 6:30 she was in a major slump but what was her goal to study 6 hours
but what was her goal to study 6 hours
but what was her goal to study 6 hours so she continued to sit at her little
so she continued to sit at her little
so she continued to sit at her little desk and stare at pages until midnight
desk and stare at pages until midnight
desk and stare at pages until midnight she was at her desk 6 hours how long did
she was at her desk 6 hours how long did
she was at her desk 6 hours how long did she actually study about 20-30 minutes
she actually study about 20-30 minutes
she actually study about 20-30 minutes now there’s a simple conduct in
now there’s a simple conduct in
now there’s a simple conduct in psychology that all of you are aware of
psychology that all of you are aware of
psychology that all of you are aware of things that are reinforced we tend to do
things that are reinforced we tend to do
things that are reinforced we tend to do more of things that are punished or
more of things that are punished or
more of things that are punished or ignored we tend to do less of you know
ignored we tend to do less of you know
ignored we tend to do less of you know we operate by those principles to a
we operate by those principles to a
we operate by those principles to a large degree if you’re sitting there for
large degree if you’re sitting there for
large degree if you’re sitting there for six hours are you feeling good now once
six hours are you feeling good now once
six hours are you feeling good now once you get here you’re looking at your book
you get here you’re looking at your book
you get here you’re looking at your book going I hate geography I hate literature
going I hate geography I hate literature
going I hate geography I hate literature I hate psychology
I hate psychology
I hate psychology all the things we’re trying to get you
all the things we’re trying to get you
all the things we’re trying to get you to fall in love with you’re hating it
to fall in love with you’re hating it
to fall in love with you’re hating it and so her actual good studying was
and so her actual good studying was
and so her actual good studying was followed by five and a half hours of
followed by five and a half hours of
followed by five and a half hours of pain and misery I would bet you I don’t
pain and misery I would bet you I don’t
pain and misery I would bet you I don’t know for a fact that as the quarter
know for a fact that as the quarter
know for a fact that as the quarter progressed she sat down
and finally she was done before she even
and finally she was done before she even started she sat down and just stared at
started she sat down and just stared at
started she sat down and just stared at a book and she flunked every class the
a book and she flunked every class the
a book and she flunked every class the moment you start to slide you’re
moment you start to slide you’re
moment you start to slide you’re shoveling against the tide what you need
shoveling against the tide what you need
shoveling against the tide what you need to do is what take a break here’s what’s
to do is what take a break here’s what’s
to do is what take a break here’s what’s cool about it you can study for a half
cool about it you can study for a half
cool about it you can study for a half hour it doesn’t take a half hour break
hour it doesn’t take a half hour break
hour it doesn’t take a half hour break to recharge your batteries for most
to recharge your batteries for most
to recharge your batteries for most people about five minutes and this is
people about five minutes and this is
people about five minutes and this is where you go away do something fun for
where you go away do something fun for
where you go away do something fun for five minutes and actually say this is my
five minutes and actually say this is my
five minutes and actually say this is my treat for having studied for 30 minutes
treat for having studied for 30 minutes
treat for having studied for 30 minutes effectively go back and here’s what
effectively go back and here’s what
effectively go back and here’s what happens
happens
happens your efficiency is nearly a hundred
your efficiency is nearly a hundred
your efficiency is nearly a hundred percent study a half hour take a break
percent study a half hour take a break
percent study a half hour take a break study a half hour study half dollar had
study a half hour study half dollar had
study a half hour study half dollar had she done that over a course of six hours
she done that over a course of six hours
she done that over a course of six hours she would have got about five and a half
she would have got about five and a half
she would have got about five and a half hours of serious studying and about a
hours of serious studying and about a
hours of serious studying and about a half hour of total break time sq3r
half hour of total break time sq3r
half hour of total break time sq3r survey that’s the s question that’s the
survey that’s the s question that’s the
survey that’s the s question that’s the Q then you have three hours read recite
Q then you have three hours read recite
Q then you have three hours read recite review so how do you do the survey these
review so how do you do the survey these
review so how do you do the survey these are not novels in a novel you wouldn’t
are not novels in a novel you wouldn’t
are not novels in a novel you wouldn’t want to read the last page would you
want to read the last page would you
want to read the last page would you find out who done it
find out who done it
find out who done it they’d ruin the whole thing but this is
they’d ruin the whole thing but this is
they’d ruin the whole thing but this is a textbook so what you do is you
a textbook so what you do is you
a textbook so what you do is you actually go through the entire chapter
actually go through the entire chapter
actually go through the entire chapter you look at pictures okay what’s this
you look at pictures okay what’s this
you look at pictures okay what’s this about apples what’s this about a
about apples what’s this about a
about apples what’s this about a duckbill platypus okay and what you’re
duckbill platypus okay and what you’re
duckbill platypus okay and what you’re doing is you survey you ask questions it
doing is you survey you ask questions it
doing is you survey you ask questions it only takes a couple of minutes to survey
only takes a couple of minutes to survey
only takes a couple of minutes to survey a chapter in any class as you’re
a chapter in any class as you’re
a chapter in any class as you’re surveying you simultaneously raise
surveying you simultaneously raise
surveying you simultaneously raise questions what you’re doing then is
questions what you’re doing then is
questions what you’re doing then is causing you to be looking for answers
causing you to be looking for answers
causing you to be looking for answers and this is a powerful thing how many of
and this is a powerful thing how many of
and this is a powerful thing how many of you have noticed when you’re looking
you have noticed when you’re looking
you have noticed when you’re looking through a newspaper for a piece of
through a newspaper for a piece of
through a newspaper for a piece of information you can find it it kind of
information you can find it it kind of
information you can find it it kind of jumps out at you but if you’re kind of
jumps out at you but if you’re kind of
jumps out at you but if you’re kind of reading it haphazardly kind of casually
reading it haphazardly kind of casually
reading it haphazardly kind of casually most of what you read you don’t even
most of what you read you don’t even
most of what you read you don’t even remember
remember
remember there’s something about it and I can’t
there’s something about it and I can’t
there’s something about it and I can’t explain it I can only describe it if you
explain it I can only describe it if you
explain it I can only describe it if you intend to find something you find it and
intend to find something you find it and
intend to find something you find it and I’ve got a little demonstration I could
I’ve got a little demonstration I could
I’ve got a little demonstration I could have brought where I actually show up
have brought where I actually show up
have brought where I actually show up placard with the words Boston and London
placard with the words Boston and London
placard with the words Boston and London printed on them and I hold it up for 20
printed on them and I hold it up for 20
printed on them and I hold it up for 20 seconds out of a group this size maybe
seconds out of a group this size maybe
seconds out of a group this size maybe two or three of you’d see Boston and
two or three of you’d see Boston and
two or three of you’d see Boston and London because before I do it I tell you
London because before I do it I tell you
London because before I do it I tell you to look for letters symbols and numbers
to look for letters symbols and numbers
to look for letters symbols and numbers I create what’s called a set you’re now
I create what’s called a set you’re now
I create what’s called a set you’re now expecting not to see words but letters
expecting not to see words but letters
expecting not to see words but letters and even though Boston and London are
and even though Boston and London are
and even though Boston and London are printed on diagonal most people don’t
printed on diagonal most people don’t
printed on diagonal most people don’t see it likewise if you just kind of go
see it likewise if you just kind of go
see it likewise if you just kind of go through a book without asking questions
through a book without asking questions
through a book without asking questions first
first
first you kind of schizoar the content you
you kind of schizoar the content you
you kind of schizoar the content you don’t have the search mechanism going
don’t have the search mechanism going
don’t have the search mechanism going okay the reading followed by the
okay the reading followed by the
okay the reading followed by the recitation I talked about that
recitation I talked about that
recitation I talked about that technically before a test it should be
technically before a test it should be
technically before a test it should be review it should be in the barn
review it should be in the barn
review it should be in the barn now you’re just touching up to make sure
now you’re just touching up to make sure
now you’re just touching up to make sure you haven’t lost anything or confused
you haven’t lost anything or confused
you haven’t lost anything or confused anything but I know how this works
anything but I know how this works
anything but I know how this works because we schedule tests most students
because we schedule tests most students
because we schedule tests most students don’t start studying until shortly
don’t start studying until shortly
don’t start studying until shortly before an exam and much like my friend
before an exam and much like my friend
before an exam and much like my friend it puts so much time all massed together
it puts so much time all massed together
it puts so much time all massed together and only study for about a half hour
and only study for about a half hour
and only study for about a half hour pull all-nighters so they don’t get the
pull all-nighters so they don’t get the
pull all-nighters so they don’t get the good rest come in and do poorly you’re
good rest come in and do poorly you’re
good rest come in and do poorly you’re undoing yourself if you start studying
undoing yourself if you start studying
undoing yourself if you start studying early and do some of the things I’ve
early and do some of the things I’ve
early and do some of the things I’ve talked about by the time you get to the
talked about by the time you get to the
talked about by the time you get to the test
test
test you’re just reviewing at that point not
you’re just reviewing at that point not
you’re just reviewing at that point not truly studying
truly studying
truly studying [Music]
”
Be First to Comment