How do we learn then?
And why do some of us learn more easily than others?
If as I mentioned, I am Dr. Lara Bond.
I am a brain researcher here at the University of British Columbia.
There are questions that fascinate me.
(Cheers) (Applause)
Brain research is one of the greatest prospects
In understanding human psychology,
And also taking into consideration what makes us what it is.
It is a fun time to be a researcher in the brain,
I can convince you
I enjoyed a job in the world.
What we know about the brain is variable with a rhythm that holds the breath.
The more we learn and understand about the brain
It turns out to be incorrect or incomplete.
A few misunderstandings are more obvious than others.
For example, we used to think
After childhood does not change and is unable to change.
It turned out to be the farthest from the truth.
Another misconception about the brain
You use parts of it at any time
It stops when you do nothing.
Well, this is also not true.
Turn up at the time of your convenience
Think nothing, your brain is very active.
If there is progress in technology such as magnetic resonance imaging,
This allows us these discoveries and more.
Perhaps the most fun,
The most interesting and the transformation of these discoveries
Is every time you learn new information or skill,
You are changing your brain.
It’s something we call nerve flexibility.
Less than 25 years ago, we thought that after puberty,
The only change that happens in the brain was negative:
Loss of brain cells with age,
Cause damage, k stroke.
After that, the studies began to show a large number
Of the reorganization of the adult brain.
Research has shown us
That all our behavior changes brain.
These changes are not limited to aging,
Is this good news true?
In fact, it always happens.
Most importantly,
Brain reorganization helps support the recovery process
After damage caused to your brain.
The key to all these changes is nerve flexibility.
What do you like if?
If your brain can change through three basic ways
To support learning.
The first method is chemical.
If the brain really works by transferring chemical signals
Among brain cells what we call nerve cells,
This raises a range of actions and reactions.
So to support learning your brain can increase the quantum
By focusing on these chemical signals
Which occur between neurons.
Because this change can happen quickly,
This supports short-term memory
Or improve short-term performance in motor skills.
Method 2 The brain can change to support learning
Is through the change of structure.
If through learning, the brain can change the connections between neurons.
Here, the physical structure of the brain changes
This takes some time.
This type of change relates to long-term memory,
Long-term improvement in motor skills.
These processes interact, let me give you an example of how so.
We all tried to learn a new kinetic skill,
Maybe playing the piano,
Maybe learn to run.
I experienced the improvement for the better
During one session of training,
And the belief that “I have succeeded”
Then, perhaps the next day,
All the improvements from the first day have disappeared.
what happened?
Well, in the short term, your brain was able to increase
Chemical signals between neurons.
But for some reason, these changes did not include structural changes
Task to support long-term memory.
Remember these long-lasting memories take time.
What you see in the short term does not reflect learning,
It is these physical changes
Which will now support long-term memories,
And chemical signals that in turn support these memories.
Structural changes can also lead to integrated networks of brain regions
Which works as a whole to support learning.
Which can lead to certain brain regions
It is important for very precise actions
To change or expand your structure.
So here are some examples of this.
People who read Braille (reading system for the blind)
They have sensory areas in their brains greater than those who do not (reading)
The dominant part of the motor areas, located on the left side of your brain,
If you are right, it is larger than the other.
Research shows taxi drivers in London
Who have already saved the map of London to take market clearance,
They have larger brain areas dedicated to space or map memory.
The last way you can change your brain is to support learning
To change its functions.
As brain regions are used,
It becomes more and more exciting and easy to use again.
Just as your brain has these areas that are more excited,
The brain changes how and when these zones do.
We see, by learning
That all brain network activity is changing and changing.
If nerve flexibility is supported
Of chemical, structural and functional changes
These occur in the entire brain.
They can occur isolated from each other,
But what is happening is full.
With some, they support learning.
They happen most of the time.
I have just told you how wonderful the nerve elasticity of your temperament is.
Why do not you learn anything you choose easily?
Why do our children sometimes fail at school?
Why when we grow old tend to forget things?
Why do people not completely recover from brain damage?
This is: What are the limits and facilities of nerve flexibility?
This is if I study it.
I am particularly studying what is related to the cure of stroke.
Recently, the rate of strokes decreased
Of the third leading cause of death in the United States of America
To the fourth factor causing death.
Good news is true?
But in fact, it turns out
That the number of people who have strokes did not decrease.
We are an improvement in keeping people alive after strong strokes.
Showed that it is very difficult to help the brain recover from stroke.
Frankly,
We failed to develop dramatic transformations in rehabilitation.
The end result of this is that stroke is the main cause
In the long-term disability of adults in the world
Individuals with stroke are smaller
They often live longer with that disability,
And a search of my collection in fact shows
That quality of life is related to health The number of Canadians with a stroke has decreased
Obviously we must be better
In helping people recover from stroke.
This is a very large community problem,
It is a problem we do not solve.
So what can you do?
Something definitely clear:
The best vector to change the nerve flexibility in your brain is your behavior.
The problem is the dose of behavior, the dose of exercise
Required to learn something new and re-learning the skill of old mobility,
Very large.
And how to deliver these large doses of exercise in an effective manner
Is a very difficult problem: an expensive problem as well.
If the orientation taken by my research
It is the development of treatments that prepare or prepare the brain for learning.
These include brain simulation, exercises, and robots.
But during research I discovered that the biggest obstacle
To develop treatments accelerate the healing process of stroke
The patterns of nerve flexibility vary from person to person.
As a researcher, the difference drives me crazy.
It makes using statistics very difficult
To test your data and ideas.
For this reason, medical intervention studies are
Specially designed to bridge the difference.
But in my research, it is clearly shown
That the most important and informative data we collect
This contrast appears.
If during brain study after stroke, we learned a lot,
I think these lessons are very valuable in other respects.
The first lesson is
The main carrier of change in your brain is your behavior,
This is why there is no nerve elasticity serum you can give it.
Nothing more important than training to help yourself learn,
The point of departure is that you have to do the work.
In fact, my research has shown
Increasing difficulty, increased conflict if done during training,
In fact leads to two things learn more,
And change more in brain structure.
The problem here is that nerve flexibility can work in two directions.
Can be positive, learn something new,
And improved motor skills.
And can be negative, to forget something you learned before,
Become addicted to drugs,
You may have chronic pain.
Your brain is highly flexible if
They form structurally and functionally during everything you do,
But also during all do not do.
The second lesson we learned about the brain is
There is no one direction that can fit everyone to learn.
If there is no recipe for learning.
Let’s consider the common belief that 10,000 hours of training are required
To learn and to recognize the skill of new mobility.
I assure you that it is not easy.
for each other,
More training will be taken, and some will be less.
If the formation of our flexible mind is very distinctive
There will be no intervention that will benefit us as a whole.
This perception forced us to consider something called personal medicine.
This idea to improve the results
Everyone requires their own intervention.
In fact, this idea came from cancer treatments.
It has been shown that inheritance is very important in conformity
Specific types of chemotherapy with certain forms of cancer.
My research shows that this can be applied to the cure of stroke.
There are specific traits of brain structure and function
We call it vital indicators.
These indicators prove to be very helpful
And help us to match
Specific types of treatments with patient individuals.
Data from the laboratory suggest a combination of biomarkers
The best predictor of changing nerve flexibility and recovery forms after stroke.
This is not surprising given the complexity of the human brain.
But I also think we should take this concept on a larger scale.
Due to the structural and functional characteristic of each brain of our brains
What we learned about nerve flexibility after stroke applies to everyone.
The behaviors we apply in our daily lives are important.
Each one of them change your brain.
And we think we have to take into consideration
Not diagnosing medicine but diagnosing learning
Characterizing your brain will affect you
As a student and also as a teacher together.
This idea helps us understand
Why some children can bloom in traditional educational conditions
Some do not
Why some of us can learn languages easily
However, some can pick up any sport and excel.
So when you leave this room today,
Your brain will not return as it was in the morning when you entered.
I think this is very cool.
But each of you will change his brain differently.
Understand these differences,
These individual forms, this change and change
Will make great progress in neuroscience:
It will allow us to develop new and more effective interventions,
And allow for matches between learners and teachers,
Patients and interventions.
This does not apply to recovery after stroke,
It applies to all of us, as parents, as teachers, as managers,
And also because you are at TEDx today, as you learn for life.
Study how and what you want to learn better.
Repeat these most healthy behaviors for your addiction,
They broke those harmful behaviors and habits.
the exercise.
Learning is to do the work your brain requires.
If the best strategies will be varied among individuals.
You know, it will be diverse among individuals.
If for you, learning music can be very easy,
But learning to ski, much harder.
I hope you leave today
With a new appreciation of how great your temper is.
You and your flexible mind are constantly being reshaped by the world around you.
I understand everything you do,
Everything you face, and everything you experience, will change your brain.
This could be for the better, but could be worse.
So when you leave today, get out and build the brain you want.
Thank you very much.
(clap)
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