who here likes pasta Wow applause for pasta I think we have basic unanimity on
pasta I think we have basic unanimity on
pasta I think we have basic unanimity on pasta I love pasta too and fortunately I
pasta I love pasta too and fortunately I
pasta I love pasta too and fortunately I have nine plates of pasta from a local
have nine plates of pasta from a local
have nine plates of pasta from a local Italian restaurant it is fantastic
Italian restaurant it is fantastic
Italian restaurant it is fantastic who would like to eat a plate of pasta
who would like to eat a plate of pasta
who would like to eat a plate of pasta while I give this talk yes right here
while I give this talk yes right here
while I give this talk yes right here can you come up to the stage let me give
can you come up to the stage let me give
can you come up to the stage let me give you this there you go excellent yes take
you this there you go excellent yes take
you this there you go excellent yes take you back to your seat thank you and I
you back to your seat thank you and I
you back to your seat thank you and I only have nine plates of pasta and I
only have nine plates of pasta and I
only have nine plates of pasta and I have to throw away the other eight I’m
have to throw away the other eight I’m
have to throw away the other eight I’m sorry so that’s two four six alright so
sorry so that’s two four six alright so
sorry so that’s two four six alright so one plate of pasta being eaten eight
one plate of pasta being eaten eight
one plate of pasta being eaten eight plates of pasta in the trash who thinks
plates of pasta in the trash who thinks
plates of pasta in the trash who thinks that was a good idea and no but well the
that was a good idea and no but well the
that was a good idea and no but well the one guy who’s eating the pasta excellent
one guy who’s eating the pasta excellent
one guy who’s eating the pasta excellent I actually heard gasps there was
I actually heard gasps there was
I actually heard gasps there was applause for pasta there was gasps for
applause for pasta there was gasps for
applause for pasta there was gasps for throwing pasta away and that’s right
throwing pasta away and that’s right
throwing pasta away and that’s right throwing away food is a horrible idea
throwing away food is a horrible idea
throwing away food is a horrible idea and yet that’s basically the
and yet that’s basically the
and yet that’s basically the relationship that all of us enter into
relationship that all of us enter into
relationship that all of us enter into every time we’re choosing to eat meat
every time we’re choosing to eat meat
every time we’re choosing to eat meat because of chicken as just one example
because of chicken as just one example
because of chicken as just one example it takes nine calories into a chicken in
it takes nine calories into a chicken in
it takes nine calories into a chicken in the form of soy and oats and wheat and
the form of soy and oats and wheat and
the form of soy and oats and wheat and whatever the food is that’s turned you
whatever the food is that’s turned you
whatever the food is that’s turned you know that is fed to the chicken that’s
know that is fed to the chicken that’s
know that is fed to the chicken that’s turned into feed and fed to the chicken
turned into feed and fed to the chicken
turned into feed and fed to the chicken so it takes nine calories in to get one
so it takes nine calories in to get one
so it takes nine calories in to get one calorie back out I’m guessing most of
calorie back out I’m guessing most of
calorie back out I’m guessing most of you the horror you expressed at throwing
you the horror you expressed at throwing
you the horror you expressed at throwing away pasta are concerned about food
away pasta are concerned about food
away pasta are concerned about food waste and we should be concerned about
waste and we should be concerned about
waste and we should be concerned about food waste of every 100 calories of food
food waste of every 100 calories of food
food waste of every 100 calories of food that’s produced we literally throw away
that’s produced we literally throw away
that’s produced we literally throw away 40 of those calories we throw away
40 of those calories we throw away
40 of those calories we throw away almost half of all of the food that’s
almost half of all of the food that’s
almost half of all of the food that’s produced in the United States and yet
produced in the United States and yet
produced in the United States and yet food that’s produced by funneling crops
food that’s produced by funneling crops
food that’s produced by funneling crops through chickens it’s actually 800
through chickens it’s actually 800
through chickens it’s actually 800 percent food waste for every hundred
percent food waste for every hundred
percent food waste for every hundred calories of chicken that we produce and
calories of chicken that we produce and
calories of chicken that we produce and chicken is the most efficient meat for
chicken is the most efficient meat for
chicken is the most efficient meat for every hundred calories of chicken that
every hundred calories of chicken that
every hundred calories of chicken that we produce we throw away 800 calories by
we produce we throw away 800 calories by
we produce we throw away 800 calories by cycling it through the chicken that
cycling it through the chicken that
cycling it through the chicken that means eight times as much land eight
means eight times as much land eight
means eight times as much land eight times as much water eight times as much
times as much water eight times as much
times as much water eight times as much gasoline to till the crops eight times
gasoline to till the crops eight times
gasoline to till the crops eight times as much pesticide and herbicide dumped
as much pesticide and herbicide dumped
as much pesticide and herbicide dumped onto the crops and that’s not all of it
onto the crops and that’s not all of it
onto the crops and that’s not all of it there are also multiple extra stages of
there are also multiple extra stages of
there are also multiple extra stages of production that are required if we’re
production that are required if we’re
production that are required if we’re going to grow crops to feed them to
going to grow crops to feed them to
going to grow crops to feed them to animals so that we can eat animals you
animals so that we can eat animals you
animals so that we can eat animals you have to grow the crops and you ship them
have to grow the crops and you ship them
have to grow the crops and you ship them on a gas-guzzling pollution spewing
on a gas-guzzling pollution spewing
on a gas-guzzling pollution spewing vehicle to a feed mill and you operate
vehicle to a feed mill and you operate
vehicle to a feed mill and you operate the feed mill and then you ship the feed
the feed mill and then you ship the feed
the feed mill and then you ship the feed on a gas-guzzling pollution spewing
on a gas-guzzling pollution spewing
on a gas-guzzling pollution spewing vehicle to an industrial farm and you
vehicle to an industrial farm and you
vehicle to an industrial farm and you operate that factory farm and then you
operate that factory farm and then you
operate that factory farm and then you ship the animals to the slaughterhouse
ship the animals to the slaughterhouse
ship the animals to the slaughterhouse and you operate the slaughterhouse it’s
and you operate the slaughterhouse it’s
and you operate the slaughterhouse it’s multiple extra stages of gas-guzzling
multiple extra stages of gas-guzzling
multiple extra stages of gas-guzzling pollution spewing vehicles and multiple
pollution spewing vehicles and multiple
pollution spewing vehicles and multiple extra stages of energy intensive and
extra stages of energy intensive and
extra stages of energy intensive and polluting factories this is not a great
polluting factories this is not a great
polluting factories this is not a great way to
way to
way to nine point seven billion people by 2050
nine point seven billion people by 2050
nine point seven billion people by 2050 let’s face it it’s a terrible way to try
let’s face it it’s a terrible way to try
let’s face it it’s a terrible way to try to feed all of those people the United
to feed all of those people the United
to feed all of those people the United Nations a number of years ago they
Nations a number of years ago they
Nations a number of years ago they crunched the numbers on all of this
crunched the numbers on all of this
crunched the numbers on all of this inefficiency and all of this pollution
inefficiency and all of this pollution
inefficiency and all of this pollution they released a more than four hundred
they released a more than four hundred
they released a more than four hundred page report called livestock’s long
page report called livestock’s long
page report called livestock’s long shadow and in livestock’s long shadow
shadow and in livestock’s long shadow
shadow and in livestock’s long shadow they determined that whatever
they determined that whatever
they determined that whatever environmental issue you want to look at
environmental issue you want to look at
environmental issue you want to look at from them smallest and most local to the
from them smallest and most local to the
from them smallest and most local to the largest and most global the
largest and most global the
largest and most global the inefficiencies of animal agriculture are
inefficiencies of animal agriculture are
inefficiencies of animal agriculture are one of the top causes everything from
one of the top causes everything from
one of the top causes everything from water pollution to soil desertification
water pollution to soil desertification
water pollution to soil desertification to species loss to climate change on the
to species loss to climate change on the
to species loss to climate change on the issue of climate change specifically the
issue of climate change specifically the
issue of climate change specifically the United Nations says that more climate
United Nations says that more climate
United Nations says that more climate change is attributable to the global
change is attributable to the global
change is attributable to the global meat industry than to all of the planes
meat industry than to all of the planes
meat industry than to all of the planes and trains and trucks and automobiles
and trains and trucks and automobiles
and trains and trucks and automobiles all forms of transport combined almost
all forms of transport combined almost
all forms of transport combined almost 15 percent on a per calorie basis animal
15 percent on a per calorie basis animal
15 percent on a per calorie basis animal agriculture chicken which is the least
agriculture chicken which is the least
agriculture chicken which is the least climate change inducing meat causes 40
climate change inducing meat causes 40
climate change inducing meat causes 40 times as much climate change per calorie
times as much climate change per calorie
times as much climate change per calorie of protein when compared to eating
of protein when compared to eating
of protein when compared to eating legumes like soy or peas directly so
legumes like soy or peas directly so
legumes like soy or peas directly so what’s the solution to the problems of
what’s the solution to the problems of
what’s the solution to the problems of industrial animal agriculture the Royal
industrial animal agriculture the Royal
industrial animal agriculture the Royal Institute of International Affairs the
Institute of International Affairs the
Institute of International Affairs the foremost think-tank in Europe more
foremost think-tank in Europe more
foremost think-tank in Europe more commonly referred to as Chatham House a
commonly referred to as Chatham House a
commonly referred to as Chatham House a few years back they released a report
few years back they released a report
few years back they released a report about the climate impact of the meat
about the climate impact of the meat
about the climate impact of the meat industry and their suggestion was that
industry and their suggestion was that
industry and their suggestion was that the governments of the world educate
the governments of the world educate
the governments of the world educate their citizens about the climate impact
their citizens about the climate impact
their citizens about the climate impact of the meat industry and encourage
of the meat industry and encourage
of the meat industry and encourage people to eat less meat and the Chinese
people to eat less meat and the Chinese
people to eat less meat and the Chinese government has done just that the
government has done just that the
government has done just that the Chinese government has released climate
Chinese government has released climate
Chinese government has released climate based dietary guidelines and has said
based dietary guidelines and has said
based dietary guidelines and has said that it is their goal to cut meat
that it is their goal to cut meat
that it is their goal to cut meat consumption per capita in China in half
consumption per capita in China in half
consumption per capita in China in half by educating their citizen rain I admire
by educating their citizen rain I admire
by educating their citizen rain I admire the optimism of Chatham House and the
the optimism of Chatham House and the
the optimism of Chatham House and the Chinese they think they’re going to
Chinese they think they’re going to
Chinese they think they’re going to educate people about the climate impact
educate people about the climate impact
educate people about the climate impact of food and everybody’s going to eat
of food and everybody’s going to eat
of food and everybody’s going to eat less meat but I think a more likely
less meat but I think a more likely
less meat but I think a more likely climate hero is Ben and Jerry’s
climate hero is Ben and Jerry’s
climate hero is Ben and Jerry’s non-dairy ice cream I’m being facetious
non-dairy ice cream I’m being facetious
non-dairy ice cream I’m being facetious sort of but who here likes Ben and
sort of but who here likes Ben and
sort of but who here likes Ben and Jerry’s
Jerry’s
Jerry’s yeah I think we have unanimity on Ben
yeah I think we have unanimity on Ben
yeah I think we have unanimity on Ben and Jerry’s – it looks like as many
and Jerry’s – it looks like as many
and Jerry’s – it looks like as many people like Ben & Jerry’s as like pasta
people like Ben & Jerry’s as like pasta
people like Ben & Jerry’s as like pasta and if you’re like everybody else you
and if you’re like everybody else you
and if you’re like everybody else you saw Ben & Jerry’s and you thought Ben &
saw Ben & Jerry’s and you thought Ben &
saw Ben & Jerry’s and you thought Ben & Jerry’s is delicious right if it were 20
Jerry’s is delicious right if it were 20
Jerry’s is delicious right if it were 20 bucks a pint that would have figured in
bucks a pint that would have figured in
bucks a pint that would have figured in you would have thought Ben & Jerry’s too
you would have thought Ben & Jerry’s too
you would have thought Ben & Jerry’s too expensive if it wasn’t available in
expensive if it wasn’t available in
expensive if it wasn’t available in every grocery store that probably would
every grocery store that probably would
every grocery store that probably would have occurred to you would have thought
have occurred to you would have thought
have occurred to you would have thought where can I get it and those are in
where can I get it and those are in
where can I get it and those are in every study that’s been done those are
every study that’s been done those are
every study that’s been done those are the three factors that really dictate
the three factors that really dictate
the three factors that really dictate consumer choice taste price and
consumer choice taste price and
consumer choice taste price and convenience 100% of people in the
convenience 100% of people in the
convenience 100% of people in the developed world factor taste price and
developed world factor taste price and
developed world factor taste price and convenience into their decisions about
convenience into their decisions about
convenience into their decisions about what it is that they’re going to eat
what it is that they’re going to eat
what it is that they’re going to eat some people figure in health that’s a
some people figure in health that’s a
some people figure in health that’s a somewhat distant fourth none of you when
somewhat distant fourth none of you when
somewhat distant fourth none of you when I flash Ben and Jerry’s up here and said
I flash Ben and Jerry’s up here and said
I flash Ben and Jerry’s up here and said you know do you like this none of you
you know do you like this none of you
you know do you like this none of you thought health food half of Americans
thought health food half of Americans
thought health food half of Americans eat fast food every single week nobody’s
eat fast food every single week nobody’s
eat fast food every single week nobody’s going to KFC because it’s a health food
going to KFC because it’s a health food
going to KFC because it’s a health food right it’s prey it’s delicious it’s
right it’s prey it’s delicious it’s
right it’s prey it’s delicious it’s convenient and it’s cheap so how do we
convenient and it’s cheap so how do we
convenient and it’s cheap so how do we apply the Ben and Jerry’s trifecta price
apply the Ben and Jerry’s trifecta price
apply the Ben and Jerry’s trifecta price taste and convenience how do we apply
taste and convenience how do we apply
taste and convenience how do we apply that to the harms of industrial animal
that to the harms of industrial animal
that to the harms of industrial animal agriculture and in answering that
agriculture and in answering that
agriculture and in answering that question I’m going to tell you three
question I’m going to tell you three
question I’m going to tell you three brief stories about three entrepreneurs
brief stories about three entrepreneurs
brief stories about three entrepreneurs who are doing precisely that the first
who are doing precisely that the first
who are doing precisely that the first one is this guy Ethan Brown the years
one is this guy Ethan Brown the years
one is this guy Ethan Brown the years 2009 and Ethan brown who is this bear of
2009 and Ethan brown who is this bear of
2009 and Ethan brown who is this bear of a man he looks more like a college
a man he looks more like a college
a man he looks more like a college football player than he looks like a
football player than he looks like a
football player than he looks like a tree-hugging environmentalist but there
tree-hugging environmentalist but there
tree-hugging environmentalist but there Ethan is working on clean energy and
Ethan is working on clean energy and
Ethan is working on clean energy and he’s learned about the environmental
he’s learned about the environmental
he’s learned about the environmental harm of industrial animal agriculture
harm of industrial animal agriculture
harm of industrial animal agriculture and he wants to do something about it
and he wants to do something about it
and he wants to do something about it and it occurs to Ethan that meat is made
and it occurs to Ethan that meat is made
and it occurs to Ethan that meat is made of lipids amino acids minerals and water
of lipids amino acids minerals and water
of lipids amino acids minerals and water everything in animal-based meat also
everything in animal-based meat also
everything in animal-based meat also exists in plants so Ethan’s brainstorm
exists in plants so Ethan’s brainstorm
exists in plants so Ethan’s brainstorm is plant-based meat and he forms a
is plant-based meat and he forms a
is plant-based meat and he forms a company called beyond meat he starts
company called beyond meat he starts
company called beyond meat he starts raising money he starts hiring food
raising money he starts hiring food
raising money he starts hiring food scientists and chefs and other culinary
scientists and chefs and other culinary
scientists and chefs and other culinary experts and after about three years in
experts and after about three years in
experts and after about three years in 2012 he comes out with this beyond meat
2012 he comes out with this beyond meat
2012 he comes out with this beyond meat plant-based
plant-based
plant-based chicken Bill Gates Christ this chicken
chicken Bill Gates Christ this chicken
chicken Bill Gates Christ this chicken and not only does he invest in beyond me
and not only does he invest in beyond me
and not only does he invest in beyond me but he writes a blog in which he says
but he writes a blog in which he says
but he writes a blog in which he says what I just tasted was not just a clever
what I just tasted was not just a clever
what I just tasted was not just a clever meat substitute what I just tasted is
meat substitute what I just tasted is
meat substitute what I just tasted is the future of food so Ethan introduces a
the future of food so Ethan introduces a
the future of food so Ethan introduces a couple more products and in 2016 his
couple more products and in 2016 his
couple more products and in 2016 his next masterpiece the beyond burger the
next masterpiece the beyond burger the
next masterpiece the beyond burger the beyond burger is a plant-based burger
beyond burger is a plant-based burger
beyond burger is a plant-based burger that tastes so meat like it’s actually
that tastes so meat like it’s actually
that tastes so meat like it’s actually offered in the meat case at Whole Foods
offered in the meat case at Whole Foods
offered in the meat case at Whole Foods at Kroger at Safeway at Albertsons at a
at Kroger at Safeway at Albertsons at a
at Kroger at Safeway at Albertsons at a bunch of different grocery stores taste
bunch of different grocery stores taste
bunch of different grocery stores taste so meat like that when Tyson Foods
so meat like that when Tyson Foods
so meat like that when Tyson Foods launched their first venture capital
launched their first venture capital
launched their first venture capital fund in 2016
fund in 2016
fund in 2016 their very first investment was in
their very first investment was in
their very first investment was in beyond meat you have the largest meat
beyond meat you have the largest meat
beyond meat you have the largest meat producer in the United States buying in
producer in the United States buying in
producer in the United States buying in two plant-based meat all right Story
two plant-based meat all right Story
two plant-based meat all right Story number two another guy named Brown Pat
number two another guy named Brown Pat
number two another guy named Brown Pat Brown dr. Pat Brown again it’s 2009 and
Brown dr. Pat Brown again it’s 2009 and
Brown dr. Pat Brown again it’s 2009 and Pat Brown is a tenured professor of
Pat Brown is a tenured professor of
Pat Brown is a tenured professor of biochemistry at Stanford University and
biochemistry at Stanford University and
biochemistry at Stanford University and he is extremely concerned about what he
he is extremely concerned about what he
he is extremely concerned about what he sees as an impending climate crisis so
sees as an impending climate crisis so
sees as an impending climate crisis so he has an 18 month sabbatical coming up
he has an 18 month sabbatical coming up
he has an 18 month sabbatical coming up and he spends his entire sabbatical
and he spends his entire sabbatical
and he spends his entire sabbatical figuring out what he personally can do
figuring out what he personally can do
figuring out what he personally can do to try to stave off the climate crisis
to try to stave off the climate crisis
to try to stave off the climate crisis and at the end of that 18 months in 2011
and at the end of that 18 months in 2011
and at the end of that 18 months in 2011 he comes to the same conclusion that
he comes to the same conclusion that
he comes to the same conclusion that Ethan Brown came to but a year before
Ethan Brown came to but a year before
Ethan Brown came to but a year before Ethan launches the beyond meat chicken
Ethan launches the beyond meat chicken
Ethan launches the beyond meat chicken and he decides that plant-based meat is
and he decides that plant-based meat is
and he decides that plant-based meat is the way to go as a biochemist he knows
the way to go as a biochemist he knows
the way to go as a biochemist he knows everything in meat he can make with
everything in meat he can make with
everything in meat he can make with plants so he raises money and he hire
plants so he raises money and he hire
plants so he raises money and he hire scientists and he hires culinary experts
scientists and he hires culinary experts
scientists and he hires culinary experts and it takes him five years to launch
and it takes him five years to launch
and it takes him five years to launch the impossible burger but boy is it
the impossible burger but boy is it
the impossible burger but boy is it worth it this thing is amazing
worth it this thing is amazing
worth it this thing is amazing it’s so fantastic it’s drawn investments
it’s so fantastic it’s drawn investments
it’s so fantastic it’s drawn investments from li kai-shing the richest guy in
from li kai-shing the richest guy in
from li kai-shing the richest guy in Asia the Facebook co-founder Dustin
Asia the Facebook co-founder Dustin
Asia the Facebook co-founder Dustin Moskovitz the venture capital thought
Moskovitz the venture capital thought
Moskovitz the venture capital thought that the multiple venture capital funds
that the multiple venture capital funds
that the multiple venture capital funds Google Ventures it’s so fantastic that
Google Ventures it’s so fantastic that
Google Ventures it’s so fantastic that he actually launches this thing in
he actually launches this thing in
he actually launches this thing in shishi restaurants all over the country
shishi restaurants all over the country
shishi restaurants all over the country and the first restaurant to offer the
and the first restaurant to offer the
and the first restaurant to offer the impossible
impossible
impossible and the first chef to champion ette is
and the first chef to champion ette is
and the first chef to champion ette is Momofuku and chef David Chang some of
Momofuku and chef David Chang some of
Momofuku and chef David Chang some of you may remember that about a decade ago
you may remember that about a decade ago
you may remember that about a decade ago David Chang very noisily took all
David Chang very noisily took all
David Chang very noisily took all vegetarian entrees off of all of his
vegetarian entrees off of all of his
vegetarian entrees off of all of his menus in all of his restaurants as sort
menus in all of his restaurants as sort
menus in all of his restaurants as sort of his personal protest against
of his personal protest against
of his personal protest against vegetarians and vegetarianism if you can
vegetarians and vegetarianism if you can
vegetarians and vegetarianism if you can get pat if you could if you can get
get pat if you could if you can get
get pat if you could if you can get David Chang excited about a plant-based
David Chang excited about a plant-based
David Chang excited about a plant-based burger you can get anybody excited about
burger you can get anybody excited about
burger you can get anybody excited about a plant-based burger and it’s certainly
a plant-based burger and it’s certainly
a plant-based burger and it’s certainly the case that Eric Schmidt is excited
the case that Eric Schmidt is excited
the case that Eric Schmidt is excited Eric Schmidt is the former CEO of Google
Eric Schmidt is the former CEO of Google
Eric Schmidt is the former CEO of Google he’s now the chair of the board of
he’s now the chair of the board of
he’s now the chair of the board of Google’s parent company alphabet and
Google’s parent company alphabet and
Google’s parent company alphabet and Eric Schmidt a couple years ago he was
Eric Schmidt a couple years ago he was
Eric Schmidt a couple years ago he was asked to reflect on six technological
asked to reflect on six technological
asked to reflect on six technological innovations that he thinks will improve
innovations that he thinks will improve
innovations that he thinks will improve life for humanity by a factor of at
life for humanity by a factor of at
life for humanity by a factor of at least tenfold in the fairly near future
least tenfold in the fairly near future
least tenfold in the fairly near future he’s a tech guy so he picked mostly
he’s a tech guy so he picked mostly
he’s a tech guy so he picked mostly stuff you that you might have predicted
stuff you that you might have predicted
stuff you that you might have predicted he picks 3d printers for infrastructure
he picks 3d printers for infrastructure
he picks 3d printers for infrastructure he picks watches that know you’re sick
he picks watches that know you’re sick
he picks watches that know you’re sick before you do self-driving cars but the
before you do self-driving cars but the
before you do self-driving cars but the first thing that Eric Schmidt talks
first thing that Eric Schmidt talks
first thing that Eric Schmidt talks about is plant-based meat he sees
about is plant-based meat he sees
about is plant-based meat he sees plant-based meat as an answer to two of
plant-based meat as an answer to two of
plant-based meat as an answer to two of society’s really big questions how do we
society’s really big questions how do we
society’s really big questions how do we feed nine point seven billion people by
feed nine point seven billion people by
feed nine point seven billion people by 2050 and what do we do about climate
2050 and what do we do about climate
2050 and what do we do about climate change he calls plant-based meat nerds
change he calls plant-based meat nerds
change he calls plant-based meat nerds over cattle all right our third
over cattle all right our third
over cattle all right our third entrepreneur is a guy named uma valetti
entrepreneur is a guy named uma valetti
entrepreneur is a guy named uma valetti the years 2005 and uma valetti is
the years 2005 and uma valetti is
the years 2005 and uma valetti is training and cardiology at the Mayo
training and cardiology at the Mayo
training and cardiology at the Mayo Clinic
Clinic
Clinic and he’s studying regenerative medicine
and he’s studying regenerative medicine
and he’s studying regenerative medicine and he’s a vegetarian and he thinks if
and he’s a vegetarian and he thinks if
and he’s a vegetarian and he thinks if we can grow human muscle tissue why
we can grow human muscle tissue why
we can grow human muscle tissue why can’t we grow chicken muscle tissue or
can’t we grow chicken muscle tissue or
can’t we grow chicken muscle tissue or Pig muscle tissue or fish muscle muscle
Pig muscle tissue or fish muscle muscle
Pig muscle tissue or fish muscle muscle tissue why can’t we apply the principles
tissue why can’t we apply the principles
tissue why can’t we apply the principles of regenerative medicine to meet Andy
of regenerative medicine to meet Andy
of regenerative medicine to meet Andy ruminates on this for about ten years
ruminates on this for about ten years
ruminates on this for about ten years spends a lot of time studying it a lot
spends a lot of time studying it a lot
spends a lot of time studying it a lot of time talking about it he actually
of time talking about it he actually
of time talking about it he actually opens a lab to study this where he’s a
opens a lab to study this where he’s a
opens a lab to study this where he’s a tenured professor of cardiology at the
tenured professor of cardiology at the
tenured professor of cardiology at the University of Minnesota Medical Center
University of Minnesota Medical Center
University of Minnesota Medical Center and in 2015 he launches the world’s
and in 2015 he launches the world’s
and in 2015 he launches the world’s first clean meat company called Memphis
first clean meat company called Memphis
first clean meat company called Memphis meats it’s called clean meat as a nod
meats it’s called clean meat as a nod
meats it’s called clean meat as a nod energy clean energy is energy that’s
energy clean energy is energy that’s
energy clean energy is energy that’s better for the environment clean meat is
better for the environment clean meat is
better for the environment clean meat is meat that’s better for the environment
meat that’s better for the environment
meat that’s better for the environment it’s also just literally cleaner since
it’s also just literally cleaner since
it’s also just literally cleaner since there is no slaughterhouse
there is no slaughterhouse
there is no slaughterhouse there’s no bacterial contamination and
there’s no bacterial contamination and
there’s no bacterial contamination and since there’s no live animal there’s no
since there’s no live animal there’s no
since there’s no live animal there’s no antibiotics necessary no other drugs so
antibiotics necessary no other drugs so
antibiotics necessary no other drugs so no antibiotic or drug residues and this
no antibiotic or drug residues and this
no antibiotic or drug residues and this is what clean meat production looks like
is what clean meat production looks like
is what clean meat production looks like at scale sort of your friendly
at scale sort of your friendly
at scale sort of your friendly neighborhood meat brewery so he launches
neighborhood meat brewery so he launches
neighborhood meat brewery so he launches this company in 2015 and within a couple
this company in 2015 and within a couple
this company in 2015 and within a couple of months yes the world’s first clean
of months yes the world’s first clean
of months yes the world’s first clean meat meatball so this meatball was grown
meat meatball so this meatball was grown
meat meatball so this meatball was grown from cells no cows harmed and he does it
from cells no cows harmed and he does it
from cells no cows harmed and he does it for about 1% of the price of clean meat
for about 1% of the price of clean meat
for about 1% of the price of clean meat production just two years earlier and
production just two years earlier and
production just two years earlier and valetti like impossible foods and beyond
valetti like impossible foods and beyond
valetti like impossible foods and beyond me he attracts tech Titans Richard
me he attracts tech Titans Richard
me he attracts tech Titans Richard Branson invests Bill Gates invests the
Branson invests Bill Gates invests the
Branson invests Bill Gates invests the venture capital firm dfj an early
venture capital firm dfj an early
venture capital firm dfj an early investor in Skype and Twitter they
investor in Skype and Twitter they
investor in Skype and Twitter they invest and then Cargill which is one of
invest and then Cargill which is one of
invest and then Cargill which is one of the world’s largest food conglomerates
the world’s largest food conglomerates
the world’s largest food conglomerates the largest privately held company in
the largest privately held company in
the largest privately held company in the United States they also invest but
the United States they also invest but
the United States they also invest but it seems to me that we shouldn’t be
it seems to me that we shouldn’t be
it seems to me that we shouldn’t be relying or shouldn’t have to rely on the
relying or shouldn’t have to rely on the
relying or shouldn’t have to rely on the private sector we shouldn’t have to rely
private sector we shouldn’t have to rely
private sector we shouldn’t have to rely on venture capital plant-based meat and
on venture capital plant-based meat and
on venture capital plant-based meat and clean meat are the solution to some of
clean meat are the solution to some of
clean meat are the solution to some of the world’s biggest problems they’re the
the world’s biggest problems they’re the
the world’s biggest problems they’re the answer or at least part of the answer so
answer or at least part of the answer so
answer or at least part of the answer so the US government spends 3 billion
the US government spends 3 billion
the US government spends 3 billion dollars a year on agricultural research
dollars a year on agricultural research
dollars a year on agricultural research China spends even more imagine if the
China spends even more imagine if the
China spends even more imagine if the governments of the world if they set up
governments of the world if they set up
governments of the world if they set up clean meat and plant-based meat research
clean meat and plant-based meat research
clean meat and plant-based meat research centers at all of the world’s great
centers at all of the world’s great
centers at all of the world’s great universities for tissue engineering and
universities for tissue engineering and
universities for tissue engineering and plane and plant biology we could solve
plane and plant biology we could solve
plane and plant biology we could solve these problems a heck of a lot more
these problems a heck of a lot more
these problems a heck of a lot more quickly but of course people like uma
quickly but of course people like uma
quickly but of course people like uma valetti and Pat Brown and Ethan Brown
valetti and Pat Brown and Ethan Brown
valetti and Pat Brown and Ethan Brown they’re not waiting and you all can be a
they’re not waiting and you all can be a
they’re not waiting and you all can be a part of it too if you’re entrepreneurial
part of it too if you’re entrepreneurial
part of it too if you’re entrepreneurial minded think about your next venture
minded think about your next venture
minded think about your next venture being a plant-based meat or a clean meat
being a plant-based meat or a clean meat
being a plant-based meat or a clean meat company if you’re science-minded
company if you’re science-minded
company if you’re science-minded especially if you’re interested in plant
especially if you’re interested in plant
especially if you’re interested in plant biology or tissue engineering think
biology or tissue engineering think
biology or tissue engineering think about becoming the chief technology
about becoming the chief technology
about becoming the chief technology officer our scene
officer our scene
officer our scene scientists at one of these companies if
scientists at one of these companies if
scientists at one of these companies if you’re in high school or you’re in
you’re in high school or you’re in
you’re in high school or you’re in college and you don’t know what you want
college and you don’t know what you want
college and you don’t know what you want to do yet think about science think
to do yet think about science think
to do yet think about science think about entrepreneurship they are awesome
about entrepreneurship they are awesome
about entrepreneurship they are awesome you can do a tremendous amount of good
you can do a tremendous amount of good
you can do a tremendous amount of good in the world and do very well for you
in the world and do very well for you
in the world and do very well for you and your soon-to-be family but really no
and your soon-to-be family but really no
and your soon-to-be family but really no matter what you bring to the table you
matter what you bring to the table you
matter what you bring to the table you have the capacity to join one of these
have the capacity to join one of these
have the capacity to join one of these plant-based meet or these clean meat
plant-based meet or these clean meat
plant-based meet or these clean meat companies which are about to be a
companies which are about to be a
companies which are about to be a trillion-dollar market sector I want to
trillion-dollar market sector I want to
trillion-dollar market sector I want to explain my enthusiasm by way of a quick
explain my enthusiasm by way of a quick
explain my enthusiasm by way of a quick historical analogy the year is 1898
historical analogy the year is 1898
historical analogy the year is 1898 there are a hundred and seventy-five
there are a hundred and seventy-five
there are a hundred and seventy-five thousand horses on the streets of New
thousand horses on the streets of New
thousand horses on the streets of New York City those horses are excreting
York City those horses are excreting
York City those horses are excreting fifty thousand tons of horse manure
fifty thousand tons of horse manure
fifty thousand tons of horse manure every single month and the streets of
every single month and the streets of
every single month and the streets of New York City and all of the major
New York City and all of the major
New York City and all of the major cities they’re covered in horse manure
cities they’re covered in horse manure
cities they’re covered in horse manure they’re plagued by flies and horse
they’re plagued by flies and horse
they’re plagued by flies and horse carcasses are everywhere and so 1898
carcasses are everywhere and so 1898
carcasses are everywhere and so 1898 again a historical finger-snap ago the
again a historical finger-snap ago the
again a historical finger-snap ago the world’s first urban planning conference
world’s first urban planning conference
world’s first urban planning conference is convened and people from all of the
is convened and people from all of the
is convened and people from all of the great cities come to New York City and
great cities come to New York City and
great cities come to New York City and the only item on the agenda is what do
the only item on the agenda is what do
the only item on the agenda is what do we do about all of the horseshit and
we do about all of the horseshit and
we do about all of the horseshit and [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] they can’t figure it out
they can’t figure it out
they can’t figure it out supposed to be a week long after less
supposed to be a week long after less
supposed to be a week long after less than two days everybody just goes home
than two days everybody just goes home
than two days everybody just goes home despondent ten years later 1908 Henry
despondent ten years later 1908 Henry
despondent ten years later 1908 Henry Ford introduces the Model T and within
Ford introduces the Model T and within
Ford introduces the Model T and within four years there are more cars than
four years there are more cars than
four years there are more cars than horses on the streets of New York City
horses on the streets of New York City
horses on the streets of New York City and horse-drawn carriages are relegated
and horse-drawn carriages are relegated
and horse-drawn carriages are relegated to the status of tourist attraction how
to the status of tourist attraction how
to the status of tourist attraction how many people here at the end of these
many people here at the end of these
many people here at the end of these talks how many people here are going to
talks how many people here are going to
talks how many people here are going to walk out of this auditorium and your
walk out of this auditorium and your
walk out of this auditorium and your primary mode of transportation is going
primary mode of transportation is going
primary mode of transportation is going to be horse and buggy no of course not
to be horse and buggy no of course not
to be horse and buggy no of course not right that would be absurd I am
right that would be absurd I am
right that would be absurd I am absolutely convinced that in the
absolutely convinced that in the
absolutely convinced that in the not-too-distant future just like that’s
not-too-distant future just like that’s
not-too-distant future just like that’s absurd the idea of growing mass
absurd the idea of growing mass
absurd the idea of growing mass of amounts of crops to funnel them
of amounts of crops to funnel them
of amounts of crops to funnel them through animals so that we can eat meat
through animals so that we can eat meat
through animals so that we can eat meat will be seen as similarly absurd and the
will be seen as similarly absurd and the
will be seen as similarly absurd and the reason for that is that visionaries have
reason for that is that visionaries have
reason for that is that visionaries have understood that we can make meat from
understood that we can make meat from
understood that we can make meat from plants and we can grow meat without all
plants and we can grow meat without all
plants and we can grow meat without all of the inefficiencies and without all of
of the inefficiencies and without all of
of the inefficiencies and without all of the pollution in other words food
the pollution in other words food
the pollution in other words food innovation and the one on the one hand
innovation and the one on the one hand
innovation and the one on the one hand which is competing with industrial
which is competing with industrial
which is competing with industrial animal agriculture on the basis of the
animal agriculture on the basis of the
animal agriculture on the basis of the factors that actually dictate consumer
factors that actually dictate consumer
factors that actually dictate consumer choice price taste and convenience so
choice price taste and convenience so
choice price taste and convenience so what you’ve got is you’ve got markets
what you’ve got is you’ve got markets
what you’ve got is you’ve got markets and you’ve got food technology they’re
and you’ve got food technology they’re
and you’ve got food technology they’re gonna save the world and you can be part
gonna save the world and you can be part
gonna save the world and you can be part of it thank you
of it thank you
of it thank you [Applause]
”
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