taught the
grammar to children like
we taught it as we did
learned us as we taught it ago
30 years 40 in five years even how
is it that we no longer learn the
grammar in the same way I’m told
ah we learned the adjectives
possessive adjectives mom to my lion
of belfort
we learned adjectives
demonstrative this c7 this lion of belfort
indefinite adjectives some
some good now talk to you
determining then elsewhere of predica
then elsewhere instead of talking about
circumstantial complements you talk about
additional sentences and then
aspects of the verb of themes
coherence of cohesion what is that
is that all this mess
how come you do not use
the more words we only used
we used the rules we
have learned yet the language she
did not change it’s still the language
of molière and to this question I
often answer with a joke
which is to say that before the earth she
was flat
but since she became round eh
well we had to adapt a little bit
we had to change our vocabulary
so of course it’s a joke
but ultimately not quite
grammar effect is a description
so certainly that’s a description of the
language
wonders about the rules that make it
operate it’s a modeling
wonders about how words one
after the wishes with the others
get organized how can we determine
constants of the operating
language but it’s also a
reflection an analysis on the
functioning of speech but also
more generally the language of our
ability to communicate and our
conceptions of this relationship between the
language our ability to communicate
its implications
brain for example is the language
exchange changes a lot
it’s a very complex phenomenon that
we have before us and this phenomenon
very complex so it works by
descriptions the rules of
grammar but these grammar rules
they are always partial they are
always incomplete
they are always forgetful of
certain phenomena
that’s what the American grammarian
noam chomsky called the Galilean challenge
it’s trying to find rules
sufficiently general that excludes
some phenomena but they
can be just enough
effective to be able to describe
really what’s going on in a
language
so why galilated and well galilated
in his century 1630 there he is
sentenced in 1633 by the papacy
Galileo he has before him
all kinds of phenomena he has
in front of him all kinds of experiences
and the overall consistency that we can
find among all these experiences and
well he does not have it he insists m before
him who looks complex but the causes
that he can bring to explain this
system is well seco are extremely
hard to find and the challenge of
galilée was to consider that this
massive global problem we had to the
coffee we had to separate it into several
questions and we had to accept
to eliminate some problems from
not take it into account
galilea in popular imagery in
the ideas and that we kept the
representations that we kept
of him he is above the tower of
pisa and he
throw pebbles so why do you
have here of representation an old
a modern
they throw pebbles to watch
to the tombs where the stones fall when
we throw an object or is it falling
and we do all kinds
of experiments in his day for
know how a body falls because
that we suppose that if we throw
thing or if we loose something
if at the same time the earth is
move the thing in question well she
will fall more or less vertically
more or less to the right more or less to
left if I throw something in
the air and that I’m moving at the same
time because something he’s going
fall beside me so we do
all kinds of experiences and some
experience gives ideas to galilee
some theories some experience of
verb is to build a system the
earth she turns but on this earth
objects are consistent they are
solidarity we throw something eh
well it falls on us but
at the same time there are others
experiences
there are other experiences that are
does experiments with cannons on
gunfire and what’s going on
does the boulary fall on us the
earth is still or so everything is
coherent
or we fire the ground
move the bullet on one side or
the other
these experiences do not give any
results that are analysable at
the time of galilee equalize does not arrive
not to find consistency and well in
grammar in grammar years works
still in science in general
grammar ans also works as
that is to say that we have
phenomena but these phenomena we
do not necessarily find the rules
perfect functioning we do not
not specifically find for
the whole system
the rules especially as our
knowledge about language progresses
progresses or does not progress
the first modern grammar that we
had the first grammarian they
are born from the rest of the reflection
of galilee when philosophers
like rené descartes were
interested in language and we consider
precisely the problems in their
globality but also in their
subdivisions as a result of rené
Descartes and the famous phrase he
the pronounces
I think so I am the grammarians
thought that there was a relationship
between thought but we do not know
very well how does it work and
letters the individual I am in have
infers that to describe a language
had to think that all the verbs
was finally verbs be more
something I am I think so I
am so I’m here talking
I am eating I am eating
I’m sleeping I sleep well
thought there was a relationship between
thought and the long so the
grammar she had to describe this
obviously relationship this idea she has
progress she turned when
we made progress on the
conception of what thought is but
so what is the language if I do a
jump two thousand years before us I
I realize that aristotle more than 2000
years had already defined expenses and
under category category
the understanding thought that thought
finally she raised two big
directions ten categories
and when we talked about what we
when we talk about what we do
good luck here are in these categories
he thought grammar and well she
had to describe as one drew in
the categories that were the
categories of thought then the challenge
Galilean what is it is it is
to say that there are dimensions that we
escapes but needs to build a
thought a thought that explains
you have to rely on the experience
must be based on reasonings
but reasoning that since the
global system and blocked
reasoning that excludes certain
parties and it is hoped that the parties
that we excluded and well are not
important enough to put
our reasoning cloud cloud here is
an interesting word cloud a nail it’s
far from the nails the one in the US you have
learned the plural of morons or but
you have all learned something
other than there are others who
works differently
yves or pebbles on your knees you have it
learned that from abandoned grammarians
they said we will isolate a phenomenon
we will take words they will answer
not to the rule so why when the
rule is defined the grammarians themselves
are saying oh there hot attention in
old french it was said schuhl
well she at the end and then knee it’s
said jean christmas tie it to the end and
then pebbles it was said shy wedding
are wings and what did we say
horse there is l we will do in horses
with an x window to go after you go
do it in stained glass with a x bats these
words there we will put them an x too
yves or cabbage knee pebbles and all
others we isolated a phenomenon and we
try to find an explanation
punctually in a frame but after
does the world change to this
explanation still holds
there is in Milan the young person was hurting
Human thousand years ago the earth was
flat
then in one go and rounded
in one fell swoop
he disappeared these pages north he his
knees but the x he stayed but
what is it worth saying now only hicks
do
someone told you we were learning
iboucherie knee pebble with an x because
there were a thousand years ago had to
dawn or word that means nothing of the
everything a thousand years ago the earth was
flat
so sometimes the grammarians its price
of a fruit his wing this disc
definitely we have to transform these
rules that we inherited they get
say that the explanation that one
certainly helped to advance
certainly allowed to better understand our
language but now the research into
neurobiology in bio linguistics
physiology about how the
so thought of language so
the organization of languages make that
sometimes we think that explanations
that we had can enter into
more global mechanisms than now
we can understand
and when Galilean excludes for example from
these theories the fact that when we throw
an object when you shoot the cannon subject
falls back east sooner
it will take two centuries with
coriolis to understand what’s going on
so sometimes we do some
provisional descriptions and two centuries
after it is clear
so yes we do not learn anymore to
does grammar the same way
but because grammar and poured
a description and description
she tries to think how the language
it is organized according to the state
of our knowledge of the human but
also of his brain function
so they were once grammar
French but there will still be in
the future of French grammar
”
Be First to Comment