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Plato’s Cave, Drama, and Life | Joseph Lin | TEDxYouth@DBSHK


hello everyone so in public speaking

hello everyone so in public speaking they always say there are three things

they always say there are three things

they always say there are three things that you should always you know aim at

that you should always you know aim at

that you should always you know aim at so you should have brevity Liberty and

so you should have brevity Liberty and

so you should have brevity Liberty and repetition so let me see that again

repetition so let me see that again

repetition so let me see that again so brevity levity thank you very much

so brevity levity thank you very much

so brevity levity thank you very much and repetition so well with that in mind

and repetition so well with that in mind

and repetition so well with that in mind let me first kick this start kick kick

let me first kick this start kick kick

let me first kick this start kick kick this off by saying well what is a

this off by saying well what is a

this off by saying well what is a catalyst so I’m sure we’re all very

catalyst so I’m sure we’re all very

catalyst so I’m sure we’re all very intelligent and well-educated people

intelligent and well-educated people

intelligent and well-educated people here and so we will automatically know

here and so we will automatically know

here and so we will automatically know that catalyst it has its roots from the

that catalyst it has its roots from the

that catalyst it has its roots from the archaic word catalysis which is in turn

archaic word catalysis which is in turn

archaic word catalysis which is in turn from the latinized Greek word kata and

from the latinized Greek word kata and

from the latinized Greek word kata and lean referring to the process of

lean referring to the process of

lean referring to the process of breaking down something okay so a

breaking down something okay so a

breaking down something okay so a catalyst is something that remains

catalyst is something that remains

catalyst is something that remains unchanged but which can bring about

unchanged but which can bring about

unchanged but which can bring about change in others okay so the question we

change in others okay so the question we

change in others okay so the question we should be asking when we are thinking

should be asking when we are thinking

should be asking when we are thinking about catalysts is well how do we bring

about catalysts is well how do we bring

about catalysts is well how do we bring about change how do we motivate this

about change how do we motivate this

about change how do we motivate this action so well I think we should take

action so well I think we should take

action so well I think we should take from this is that we are looking for the

from this is that we are looking for the

from this is that we are looking for the ability to invent to find more meaning

ability to invent to find more meaning

ability to invent to find more meaning in things perhaps by breaking down

in things perhaps by breaking down

in things perhaps by breaking down things and so to see things in new ways

things and so to see things in new ways

things and so to see things in new ways so seeing things differently perhaps

so seeing things differently perhaps

so seeing things differently perhaps that’s how we find catalysts so again

that’s how we find catalysts so again

that’s how we find catalysts so again let me say that in a different way you

let me say that in a different way you

let me say that in a different way you will know about the famous allegory of

will know about the famous allegory of

will know about the famous allegory of the cave which Plato Post posited as a

the cave which Plato Post posited as a

the cave which Plato Post posited as a thought experiment imagine there is a

thought experiment imagine there is a

thought experiment imagine there is a cave and then in that cave there are a

cave and then in that cave there are a

cave and then in that cave there are a bunch of prisoners who were chained

bunch of prisoners who were chained

bunch of prisoners who were chained there from birth and then to them the

there from birth and then to them the

there from birth and then to them the whole life all they see are shadows

whole life all they see are shadows

whole life all they see are shadows reflected on the wall okay so to them

reflected on the wall okay so to them

reflected on the wall okay so to them because they grew up not knowing

because they grew up not knowing

because they grew up not knowing anything else to then that’s the entire

anything else to then that’s the entire

anything else to then that’s the entire world that’s reality that is life and

world that’s reality that is life and

world that’s reality that is life and actually if you force them to look at

actually if you force them to look at

actually if you force them to look at the fire oh you know that is the source

the fire oh you know that is the source

the fire oh you know that is the source of the reflections they would find it

of the reflections they would find it

of the reflections they would find it too painful too difficult they would

too painful too difficult they would

too painful too difficult they would find

find

find with reality too painful they would

with reality too painful they would

with reality too painful they would reject it so what we need to do in the

reject it so what we need to do in the

reject it so what we need to do in the process of finding enlightenment and

process of finding enlightenment and

process of finding enlightenment and then seeing the world differently what

then seeing the world differently what

then seeing the world differently what we need is something to pull the

we need is something to pull the

we need is something to pull the prisoners out we’ll see on the right so

prisoners out we’ll see on the right so

prisoners out we’ll see on the right so we pull them out force them to look at

we pull them out force them to look at

we pull them out force them to look at the real world and then if we do things

the real world and then if we do things

the real world and then if we do things right the prisoner who is now out who

right the prisoner who is now out who

right the prisoner who is now out who now see things very differently from the

now see things very differently from the

now see things very differently from the way they did before and in fact this new

way they did before and in fact this new

way they did before and in fact this new way of seeing will be so different that

way of seeing will be so different that

way of seeing will be so different that if they were to go back to the cave and

if they were to go back to the cave and

if they were to go back to the cave and talk to the other prisoners the other

talk to the other prisoners the other

talk to the other prisoners the other prisoners will think oh my god what’s

prisoners will think oh my god what’s

prisoners will think oh my god what’s wrong with this person right you know

wrong with this person right you know

wrong with this person right you know going on about these things called fire

going on about these things called fire

going on about these things called fire and outside and light and so and they

and outside and light and so and they

and outside and light and so and they would not understand what’s going on you

would not understand what’s going on you

would not understand what’s going on you will completely change the way you look

will completely change the way you look

will completely change the way you look at the world okay so that is something

at the world okay so that is something

at the world okay so that is something to bear in mind and you know this is not

to bear in mind and you know this is not

to bear in mind and you know this is not a very terribly impressive idea you know

a very terribly impressive idea you know

a very terribly impressive idea you know once you get it basically you know okay

once you get it basically you know okay

once you get it basically you know okay you learn more and then you see things

you learn more and then you see things

you learn more and then you see things differently tada

differently tada

differently tada right but herein lies the problem for

right but herein lies the problem for

right but herein lies the problem for those people who are imprisoned over

those people who are imprisoned over

those people who are imprisoned over there it is actually very very difficult

there it is actually very very difficult

there it is actually very very difficult to break them out of that that way of

to break them out of that that way of

to break them out of that that way of thinking so in cognitive psychology this

thinking so in cognitive psychology this

thinking so in cognitive psychology this is called the dunning-kruger effect

is called the dunning-kruger effect

is called the dunning-kruger effect meaning if you are you know suffering

meaning if you are you know suffering

meaning if you are you know suffering from some sort of mistaken belief that

from some sort of mistaken belief that

from some sort of mistaken belief that lack of awareness will prevent you from

lack of awareness will prevent you from

lack of awareness will prevent you from recognizing that you lack awareness

recognizing that you lack awareness

recognizing that you lack awareness right so if you don’t know what you

right so if you don’t know what you

right so if you don’t know what you don’t know then how can you learn about

don’t know then how can you learn about

don’t know then how can you learn about it so well the objective that I would

it so well the objective that I would

it so well the objective that I would like to convince you of today is that

like to convince you of today is that

like to convince you of today is that catalyst it’s all about recognizing that

catalyst it’s all about recognizing that

catalyst it’s all about recognizing that this objective world that we are in it

this objective world that we are in it

this objective world that we are in it doesn’t change like you know it’s just

doesn’t change like you know it’s just

doesn’t change like you know it’s just what it is this is the real life but

what it is this is the real life but

what it is this is the real life but what needs to change is our way of

what needs to change is our way of

what needs to change is our way of looking at things

looking at things

looking at things so catalyst is controlled by our way of

so catalyst is controlled by our way of

so catalyst is controlled by our way of seeing the way of seeing things

seeing the way of seeing things

seeing the way of seeing things differently that is what I believe

differently that is what I believe

differently that is what I believe catalyst is so well I mean why am I the

catalyst is so well I mean why am I the

catalyst is so well I mean why am I the one to talk about this so I am one of

one to talk about this so I am one of

one to talk about this so I am one of the cofounders of

the cofounders of

the cofounders of theater company called a shadow players

theater company called a shadow players

theater company called a shadow players so we were a bunch of you know rather

so we were a bunch of you know rather

so we were a bunch of you know rather foolhardy people who started doing

foolhardy people who started doing

foolhardy people who started doing theater in university and then realized

theater in university and then realized

theater in university and then realized that a point graduation that oh my god

that a point graduation that oh my god

that a point graduation that oh my god after graduation we’ll have to stop

after graduation we’ll have to stop

after graduation we’ll have to stop doing this since that’s like unbearable

doing this since that’s like unbearable

doing this since that’s like unbearable terrible so we decided to just well

terrible so we decided to just well

terrible so we decided to just well start doing it ourselves and then what

start doing it ourselves and then what

start doing it ourselves and then what we would like to achieve is to make

we would like to achieve is to make

we would like to achieve is to make Western literature approachable to a

Western literature approachable to a

Western literature approachable to a local audience because we love

local audience because we love

local audience because we love literature in theater so much we would

literature in theater so much we would

literature in theater so much we would like to help people look at classical

like to help people look at classical

like to help people look at classical literature the way we do to help people

literature the way we do to help people

literature the way we do to help people recognize that oh come on this is so

recognize that oh come on this is so

recognize that oh come on this is so great why won’t you like it it’s so

great why won’t you like it it’s so

great why won’t you like it it’s so obviously awesome

obviously awesome

obviously awesome right so and as you do theater you think

right so and as you do theater you think

right so and as you do theater you think differently because as as an actor as a

differently because as as an actor as a

differently because as as an actor as a producer as an audience you look at the

producer as an audience you look at the

producer as an audience you look at the script and you say I mean there is a

script and you say I mean there is a

script and you say I mean there is a simple enough statement but who is

simple enough statement but who is

simple enough statement but who is saying it it changes the meaning I mean

saying it it changes the meaning I mean

saying it it changes the meaning I mean what is the background that made someone

what is the background that made someone

what is the background that made someone say it that changes the meaning I mean

say it that changes the meaning I mean

say it that changes the meaning I mean why is he or she’s saying something that

why is he or she’s saying something that

why is he or she’s saying something that changes the meaning for example in The

changes the meaning for example in The

changes the meaning for example in The Importance of Being Earnest a very

Importance of Being Earnest a very

Importance of Being Earnest a very famous comedy bears go out

famous comedy bears go out

famous comedy bears go out elgyn on the character says the only way

elgyn on the character says the only way

elgyn on the character says the only way to behave to a woman is to make love to

to behave to a woman is to make love to

to behave to a woman is to make love to her if she’s pretty or to someone else

her if she’s pretty or to someone else

her if she’s pretty or to someone else if she is playing and then people look

if she is playing and then people look

if she is playing and then people look at this is oh my god this terrible Oscar

at this is oh my god this terrible Oscar

at this is oh my god this terrible Oscar Wow such a misogynist I hate this person

Wow such a misogynist I hate this person

Wow such a misogynist I hate this person but actually he put this in the mouth of

but actually he put this in the mouth of

but actually he put this in the mouth of a playboy who is someone that we are not

a playboy who is someone that we are not

a playboy who is someone that we are not supposed to sympathize with right so

supposed to sympathize with right so

supposed to sympathize with right so when we look at a script as an actor as

when we look at a script as an actor as

when we look at a script as an actor as a you know an interesting and light and

a you know an interesting and light and

a you know an interesting and light and allow me to say a member of the audience

allow me to say a member of the audience

allow me to say a member of the audience we look at the bias we look at the

we look at the bias we look at the

we look at the bias we look at the context and we look at the motives right

context and we look at the motives right

context and we look at the motives right another example that people always quote

another example that people always quote

another example that people always quote is in Shakespeare they say ah neither a

is in Shakespeare they say ah neither a

is in Shakespeare they say ah neither a lender or nor borrower b-but because I

lender or nor borrower b-but because I

lender or nor borrower b-but because I don’t borrow money and Shakespeare said

don’t borrow money and Shakespeare said

don’t borrow money and Shakespeare said so but who did he make say that it was

so but who did he make say that it was

so but who did he make say that it was Polonius and Ageing in a slightly mad

Polonius and Ageing in a slightly mad

Polonius and Ageing in a slightly mad person who we are not supposed to take

person who we are not supposed to take

person who we are not supposed to take seriously so I believe the theatre

seriously so I believe the theatre

seriously so I believe the theatre forces us to think about these things

forces us to think about these things

forces us to think about these things constant

constant

constant and so if you see someone who is you

and so if you see someone who is you

and so if you see someone who is you know not someone that we are supposed to

know not someone that we are supposed to

know not someone that we are supposed to – a something oh then you recognize you

– a something oh then you recognize you

– a something oh then you recognize you see the same statement very differently

see the same statement very differently

see the same statement very differently so let me develop upon this a little bit

so let me develop upon this a little bit

so let me develop upon this a little bit so another thing that theater does is it

so another thing that theater does is it

so another thing that theater does is it presents the world in a different frame

presents the world in a different frame

presents the world in a different frame and this process of reframing is very

and this process of reframing is very

and this process of reframing is very important because as we look at things

important because as we look at things

important because as we look at things differently which is what theatre does

differently which is what theatre does

differently which is what theatre does we can gain very interesting insights so

we can gain very interesting insights so

we can gain very interesting insights so there was this Israeli psychologist

there was this Israeli psychologist

there was this Israeli psychologist called George Cameron who did this

called George Cameron who did this

called George Cameron who did this survey so what he did was he found a

survey so what he did was he found a

survey so what he did was he found a thousand children aged 8 to 14 and he

thousand children aged 8 to 14 and he

thousand children aged 8 to 14 and he showed them two stories basically the

showed them two stories basically the

showed them two stories basically the same story except he changed some names

same story except he changed some names

same story except he changed some names around okay so this is the first version

around okay so this is the first version

around okay so this is the first version so this is a story from the Bible and

so this is a story from the Bible and

so this is a story from the Bible and say Joshua found this advice and then

say Joshua found this advice and then

say Joshua found this advice and then they utterly destroyed all that was in

they utterly destroyed all that was in

they utterly destroyed all that was in the city destroyed all the men and women

the city destroyed all the men and women

the city destroyed all the men and women young and old and so on and then he

young and old and so on and then he

young and old and so on and then he asked the students well do you approve

asked the students well do you approve

asked the students well do you approve of what Joshua did and the student said

of what Joshua did and the student said

of what Joshua did and the student said six hundred out of a thousand said total

six hundred out of a thousand said total

six hundred out of a thousand said total approval it’s fine kill all of them it

approval it’s fine kill all of them it

approval it’s fine kill all of them it is right and then two hundred others had

is right and then two hundred others had

is right and then two hundred others had mixed feelings and then another two

mixed feelings and then another two

mixed feelings and then another two hundred expressed disapproval this is

hundred expressed disapproval this is

hundred expressed disapproval this is version two so essentially the same

version two so essentially the same

version two so essentially the same thing but he moved it to an ancient

thing but he moved it to an ancient

thing but he moved it to an ancient Chinese Kingdom led by General Lin no

Chinese Kingdom led by General Lin no

Chinese Kingdom led by General Lin no relation so general Lin and his soldiers

relation so general Lin and his soldiers

relation so general Lin and his soldiers took the towns and utterly destroyed all

took the towns and utterly destroyed all

took the towns and utterly destroyed all that was there in men and women young

that was there in men and women young

that was there in men and women young old ox sheep as with the edge of the

old ox sheep as with the edge of the

old ox sheep as with the edge of the sword essentially the same thing well

sword essentially the same thing well

sword essentially the same thing well what happened next

what happened next

what happened next this time seven hundred and fifty

this time seven hundred and fifty

this time seven hundred and fifty students expressed Toto dis approval and

students expressed Toto dis approval and

students expressed Toto dis approval and then only seventy versus six hundred

then only seventy versus six hundred

then only seventy versus six hundred totally approved of the action and the

totally approved of the action and the

totally approved of the action and the and the rest had mixed feelings about it

and the rest had mixed feelings about it

and the rest had mixed feelings about it so we see that by changing the frame by

so we see that by changing the frame by

so we see that by changing the frame by changing the context we come to very

changing the context we come to very

changing the context we come to very different conclusions okay so well why

different conclusions okay so well why

different conclusions okay so well why is this

is this

is this important right so we live in an age of

important right so we live in an age of

important right so we live in an age of so-called post truth the word of the

so-called post truth the word of the

so-called post truth the word of the year last year or aka tess lying right

year last year or aka tess lying right

year last year or aka tess lying right so we live in this world where people

so we live in this world where people

so we live in this world where people choose to sensationalized over sticking

choose to sensationalized over sticking

choose to sensationalized over sticking to facts and research so there is a

to facts and research so there is a

to facts and research so there is a greater need than ever to look at things

greater need than ever to look at things

greater need than ever to look at things with sharper eyes taking a broader view

with sharper eyes taking a broader view

with sharper eyes taking a broader view but how do we teach and practice it

but how do we teach and practice it

but how do we teach and practice it right because it’s very difficult you

right because it’s very difficult you

right because it’s very difficult you can’t just thrust people into looking at

can’t just thrust people into looking at

can’t just thrust people into looking at world politics right it’s too

world politics right it’s too

world politics right it’s too complicated it’s a recipe for disaster

complicated it’s a recipe for disaster

complicated it’s a recipe for disaster people will shout at each other okay so

people will shout at each other okay so

people will shout at each other okay so what we do is to wrap it in

what we do is to wrap it in

what we do is to wrap it in entertainment okay because by putting

entertainment okay because by putting

entertainment okay because by putting things in a different way you help

things in a different way you help

things in a different way you help people to see things differently so

people to see things differently so

people to see things differently so perhaps there is a chance of bringing

perhaps there is a chance of bringing

perhaps there is a chance of bringing about change so this is an example so

about change so this is an example so

about change so this is an example so the European Union has a scent of a

the European Union has a scent of a

the European Union has a scent of a global affairs and they’ve commissioned

global affairs and they’ve commissioned

global affairs and they’ve commissioned us to put on a revival of our earlier

us to put on a revival of our earlier

us to put on a revival of our earlier play the learned ladies based on

play the learned ladies based on

play the learned ladies based on molière’s la femme savants and so this

molière’s la femme savants and so this

molière’s la femme savants and so this is a story about a fraud someone I’m not

is a story about a fraud someone I’m not

is a story about a fraud someone I’m not very good poet who charms a bunch of

very good poet who charms a bunch of

very good poet who charms a bunch of rich rich tight Eyez and then makes them

rich rich tight Eyez and then makes them

rich rich tight Eyez and then makes them believe oh like he is amazing and then

believe oh like he is amazing and then

believe oh like he is amazing and then so that they would grant him the

so that they would grant him the

so that they would grant him the marriage of his daughter okay and that I

marriage of his daughter okay and that I

marriage of his daughter okay and that I he’ll gain wealth and power with it but

he’ll gain wealth and power with it but

he’ll gain wealth and power with it but then ultimately of course he gets found

then ultimately of course he gets found

then ultimately of course he gets found out and then he’s banished people know

out and then he’s banished people know

out and then he’s banished people know better we first put this on several

better we first put this on several

better we first put this on several years back during the race for the chief

years back during the race for the chief

years back during the race for the chief executive and then we chose to name the

executive and then we chose to name the

executive and then we chose to name the character cy tang so and then you see

character cy tang so and then you see

character cy tang so and then you see and then it got people think it wait you

and then it got people think it wait you

and then it got people think it wait you know how dare you say that I mean is it

know how dare you say that I mean is it

know how dare you say that I mean is it a fair thing to say why did you say that

a fair thing to say why did you say that

a fair thing to say why did you say that I mean it does everything fit and then

I mean it does everything fit and then

I mean it does everything fit and then it inspired some discussion and it got

it inspired some discussion and it got

it inspired some discussion and it got people thinking about it from the very

people thinking about it from the very

people thinking about it from the very different direction it was light-hearted

different direction it was light-hearted

different direction it was light-hearted because hey it’s just a play right and

because hey it’s just a play right and

because hey it’s just a play right and then so people could talk about things

then so people could talk about things

then so people could talk about things so I’m not saying that theatre is unique

so I’m not saying that theatre is unique

so I’m not saying that theatre is unique in being able to force people to think

in being able to force people to think

in being able to force people to think about this and that but I am saying that

about this and that but I am saying that

about this and that but I am saying that we know from experience that

we know from experience that

we know from experience that having stories and characters really

having stories and characters really

having stories and characters really inspire passion it is much more

inspire passion it is much more

inspire passion it is much more effective way of getting people to care

effective way of getting people to care

effective way of getting people to care about things than an essay our teachers

about things than an essay our teachers

about things than an essay our teachers will know if you start talking you know

will know if you start talking you know

will know if you start talking you know teaching anything at 9:00 a.m.

teaching anything at 9:00 a.m.

teaching anything at 9:00 a.m. students are sleepy at 11:00 12:00 they

students are sleepy at 11:00 12:00 they

students are sleepy at 11:00 12:00 they are hungry after lunch they are sleepy

are hungry after lunch they are sleepy

are hungry after lunch they are sleepy again and then a few hours after they

again and then a few hours after they

again and then a few hours after they are thinking about what’s going on after

are thinking about what’s going on after

are thinking about what’s going on after school so but put them in front of a

school so but put them in front of a

school so but put them in front of a play and then you get people engaged so

play and then you get people engaged so

play and then you get people engaged so in all what am I talking about

in all what am I talking about

in all what am I talking about so I am urging all of you to participate

so I am urging all of you to participate

so I am urging all of you to participate in the process of just go watch a show

in the process of just go watch a show

in the process of just go watch a show buy some tickets help us out so because

buy some tickets help us out so because

buy some tickets help us out so because what is theater theater is first of all

what is theater theater is first of all

what is theater theater is first of all it is protection ok

it is protection ok

it is protection ok satire and illusions is a very important

satire and illusions is a very important

satire and illusions is a very important part of the freedom of expression so for

part of the freedom of expression so for

part of the freedom of expression so for example in Animal Farm I mean what do

example in Animal Farm I mean what do

example in Animal Farm I mean what do you mean I’m talking about communist and

you mean I’m talking about communist and

you mean I’m talking about communist and Stalin and so on it’s just a pig you

Stalin and so on it’s just a pig you

Stalin and so on it’s just a pig you realize it’s just some pigs on a farm

realize it’s just some pigs on a farm

realize it’s just some pigs on a farm doing this in that so theater allows the

doing this in that so theater allows the

doing this in that so theater allows the creative expression while being

creative expression while being

creative expression while being protected in publishing this is called

protected in publishing this is called

protected in publishing this is called the small penis rule in that if you want

the small penis rule in that if you want

the small penis rule in that if you want to write something about someone you add

to write something about someone you add

to write something about someone you add in a little comment oh by the way this

in a little comment oh by the way this

in a little comment oh by the way this guy has a small penis so that the guy no

guy has a small penis so that the guy no

guy has a small penis so that the guy no one is going to come forth is it hey

one is going to come forth is it hey

one is going to come forth is it hey that guy you said bad things about

that guy you said bad things about

that guy you said bad things about that’s me with a small penis and so on

that’s me with a small penis and so on

that’s me with a small penis and so on so well satire protection it’s very

so well satire protection it’s very

so well satire protection it’s very important part of the freedom of

important part of the freedom of

important part of the freedom of expression and theater is also about

expression and theater is also about

expression and theater is also about critical practice right if you teach

critical practice right if you teach

critical practice right if you teach someone to swim you are not going to

someone to swim you are not going to

someone to swim you are not going to throw them in the ocean immediately

throw them in the ocean immediately

throw them in the ocean immediately people need practice so when we are

people need practice so when we are

people need practice so when we are thinking about thinking critical

thinking about thinking critical

thinking about thinking critical practice I mean wouldn’t it be nice if

practice I mean wouldn’t it be nice if

practice I mean wouldn’t it be nice if there were materials settings like you

there were materials settings like you

there were materials settings like you know a script that is clearly cleverly

know a script that is clearly cleverly

know a script that is clearly cleverly written down and you know comes with

written down and you know comes with

written down and you know comes with guides discussion questions and then

guides discussion questions and then

guides discussion questions and then it’s acted out by pretty people and it’s

it’s acted out by pretty people and it’s

it’s acted out by pretty people and it’s filmed in hyper to definition on a DVD

filmed in hyper to definition on a DVD

filmed in hyper to definition on a DVD hey we have that it’s called theatre

hey we have that it’s called theatre

hey we have that it’s called theatre right so theatre offers us a kind of

right so theatre offers us a kind of

right so theatre offers us a kind of safe space if you want to think of it

safe space if you want to think of it

safe space if you want to think of it that way too allows us to which allows

that way too allows us to which allows

that way too allows us to which allows us to really look at thing

us to really look at thing

us to really look at thing differently and to discuss things in a

differently and to discuss things in a

differently and to discuss things in a safe space so finally I also think this

safe space so finally I also think this

safe space so finally I also think this is perhaps a little bit self-serving but

is perhaps a little bit self-serving but

is perhaps a little bit self-serving but watching theater is also a kind of

watching theater is also a kind of

watching theater is also a kind of social duty why do I say that I believe

social duty why do I say that I believe

social duty why do I say that I believe that theater if you do it right it’s all

that theater if you do it right it’s all

that theater if you do it right it’s all about questioning every time you watch a

about questioning every time you watch a

about questioning every time you watch a show and then you come up and you say

show and then you come up and you say

show and then you come up and you say okay did you like it why did you not

okay did you like it why did you not

okay did you like it why did you not like it why and then that is in essence

like it why and then that is in essence

like it why and then that is in essence critical thinking if you want democracy

critical thinking if you want democracy

critical thinking if you want democracy we can’t be satisfied with low quality

we can’t be satisfied with low quality

we can’t be satisfied with low quality discourse right we need to get people

discourse right we need to get people

discourse right we need to get people used to always questioning why did that

used to always questioning why did that

used to always questioning why did that happen who was saying it what made him

happen who was saying it what made him

happen who was saying it what made him or her say it but hey why not do it

or her say it but hey why not do it

or her say it but hey why not do it through theater right so theater is

through theater right so theater is

through theater right so theater is basically the practice and participation

basically the practice and participation

basically the practice and participation of thinking and so perhaps it is the

of thinking and so perhaps it is the

of thinking and so perhaps it is the thing that would drag you out and then

thing that would drag you out and then

thing that would drag you out and then make you see things differently so I

make you see things differently so I

make you see things differently so I want to wrap this up by using this very

want to wrap this up by using this very

want to wrap this up by using this very simple demonstration that I sometimes

simple demonstration that I sometimes

simple demonstration that I sometimes use in class about the importance of

use in class about the importance of

use in class about the importance of context so this is a picture taken by

context so this is a picture taken by

context so this is a picture taken by the National Geographic about a polar

the National Geographic about a polar

the National Geographic about a polar bear pushing on an ice-breaking vessel

bear pushing on an ice-breaking vessel

bear pushing on an ice-breaking vessel so I mean what is this bear doing is

so I mean what is this bear doing is

so I mean what is this bear doing is this a commentary on the sad fact of

this a commentary on the sad fact of

this a commentary on the sad fact of human cost global warming is it a very

human cost global warming is it a very

human cost global warming is it a very playful bear trying to find people to

playful bear trying to find people to

playful bear trying to find people to you know play with is it an evil bear

you know play with is it an evil bear

you know play with is it an evil bear trying to eat us I mean what is

trying to eat us I mean what is

trying to eat us I mean what is happening so each time you look at it

happening so each time you look at it

happening so each time you look at it you think about the context and then the

you think about the context and then the

you think about the context and then the entire story changes so the act of

entire story changes so the act of

entire story changes so the act of filling in those blanks the act of

filling in those blanks the act of

filling in those blanks the act of seeing things differently I believe

seeing things differently I believe

seeing things differently I believe that’s the essence of theater and

that’s the essence of theater and

that’s the essence of theater and education and I believe hey if you you

education and I believe hey if you you

education and I believe hey if you you know think this sounds like a good idea

know think this sounds like a good idea

know think this sounds like a good idea go out and buy a ticket watch a show so

go out and buy a ticket watch a show so

go out and buy a ticket watch a show so thank you very much

”

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