picture your most recent three to five hundred mile long trip maybe from
hundred mile long trip maybe from
hundred mile long trip maybe from Philadelphia maybe he went to Boston or
Philadelphia maybe he went to Boston or
Philadelphia maybe he went to Boston or Pittsburgh how did you travel there how
Pittsburgh how did you travel there how
Pittsburgh how did you travel there how did you decide to travel there my name
did you decide to travel there my name
did you decide to travel there my name is Megan Ryerson and I’m a professor of
is Megan Ryerson and I’m a professor of
is Megan Ryerson and I’m a professor of electrical and systems engineering and
electrical and systems engineering and
electrical and systems engineering and city and regional planning here at the
city and regional planning here at the
city and regional planning here at the University of Pennsylvania and I study
University of Pennsylvania and I study
University of Pennsylvania and I study how you make intercity travel choices
how you make intercity travel choices
how you make intercity travel choices when I was an undergraduate here at the
when I was an undergraduate here at the
when I was an undergraduate here at the University of Pennsylvania in systems
University of Pennsylvania in systems
University of Pennsylvania in systems engineering I was fascinated by my new
engineering I was fascinated by my new
engineering I was fascinated by my new ability to optimize the movement of
ability to optimize the movement of
ability to optimize the movement of anything along a network a packet of
anything along a network a packet of
anything along a network a packet of information along a communications
information along a communications
information along a communications network or an Amazon box along a
network or an Amazon box along a
network or an Amazon box along a logistics network and this love for
logistics network and this love for
logistics network and this love for optimization brought me to the dynamic
optimization brought me to the dynamic
optimization brought me to the dynamic field of intercity transportation a
field of intercity transportation a
field of intercity transportation a question that really motivates me is how
question that really motivates me is how
question that really motivates me is how will new technologies everything from
will new technologies everything from
will new technologies everything from wayfinding and navigation technologies
wayfinding and navigation technologies
wayfinding and navigation technologies or to vehicles that talk to each other
or to vehicles that talk to each other
or to vehicles that talk to each other and maybe one day will drive themselves
and maybe one day will drive themselves
and maybe one day will drive themselves how these technologies will change the
how these technologies will change the
how these technologies will change the way you and I make travel decisions and
way you and I make travel decisions and
way you and I make travel decisions and how do our individual travel decisions
how do our individual travel decisions
how do our individual travel decisions add up to have big influences on how for
add up to have big influences on how for
add up to have big influences on how for example an airline might supply air
example an airline might supply air
example an airline might supply air service at a city or how a local or
service at a city or how a local or
service at a city or how a local or federal government might supply
federal government might supply
federal government might supply infrastructure to a region now while the
infrastructure to a region now while the
infrastructure to a region now while the engineer in me loves to optimize
engineer in me loves to optimize
engineer in me loves to optimize networks the urban planner in me is
networks the urban planner in me is
networks the urban planner in me is interested in how our travel decisions
interested in how our travel decisions
interested in how our travel decisions might influence the environment and air
might influence the environment and air
might influence the environment and air quality and the economic development of
quality and the economic development of
quality and the economic development of cities regions and the country now one
cities regions and the country now one
cities regions and the country now one disclaimer before I begin which is
disclaimer before I begin which is
disclaimer before I begin which is particularly particularly relevant given
particularly particularly relevant given
particularly particularly relevant given the given of speaker Jung soo Kyung sook
the given of speaker Jung soo Kyung sook
the given of speaker Jung soo Kyung sook Kim on his amazing device for for people
Kim on his amazing device for for people
Kim on his amazing device for for people who are blind I’m going to be speaking
who are blind I’m going to be speaking
who are blind I’m going to be speaking very freely about making travel choices
very freely about making travel choices
very freely about making travel choices but I do realize that not everybody has
but I do realize that not everybody has
but I do realize that not everybody has such freedom people who are living with
such freedom people who are living with
such freedom people who are living with disabilities the elderly people without
disabilities the elderly people without
disabilities the elderly people without the financial resources to have a
the financial resources to have a
the financial resources to have a vehicle or to buy an air ticket may have
vehicle or to buy an air ticket may have
vehicle or to buy an air ticket may have may have
may have
may have no such freedom now with all that said
no such freedom now with all that said
no such freedom now with all that said let’s go back to picturing your last
let’s go back to picturing your last
let’s go back to picturing your last three to five hundred mile trip you
three to five hundred mile trip you
three to five hundred mile trip you likely decided between driving and
likely decided between driving and
likely decided between driving and flying here in the Northeast Corridor we
flying here in the Northeast Corridor we
flying here in the Northeast Corridor we also have intercity rail and so there’s
also have intercity rail and so there’s
also have intercity rail and so there’s rail is a small portion of trips when we
rail is a small portion of trips when we
rail is a small portion of trips when we consider the entire US so we’ll just
consider the entire US so we’ll just
consider the entire US so we’ll just consider driving and flying for now and
consider driving and flying for now and
consider driving and flying for now and as you were considered considering your
as you were considered considering your
as you were considered considering your choice of driving or flying you likely
choice of driving or flying you likely
choice of driving or flying you likely thought of the interest the entire
thought of the interest the entire
thought of the interest the entire travel chain of both of the trips
travel chain of both of the trips
travel chain of both of the trips driving is very straightforward get in
driving is very straightforward get in
driving is very straightforward get in your car and drive flying is a little
your car and drive flying is a little
your car and drive flying is a little more complicated we have the long flight
more complicated we have the long flight
more complicated we have the long flight we also have to access the airport go
we also have to access the airport go
we also have to access the airport go through security and and sort of do that
through security and and sort of do that
through security and and sort of do that on the other end at our destination as
on the other end at our destination as
on the other end at our destination as well while you’re evaluating if you’ll
well while you’re evaluating if you’ll
well while you’re evaluating if you’ll drive or fly you’re likely considering
drive or fly you’re likely considering
drive or fly you’re likely considering how you internalize the time and the
how you internalize the time and the
how you internalize the time and the cost of all of the components of both of
cost of all of the components of both of
cost of all of the components of both of the travel chains how we internalize
the travel chains how we internalize
the travel chains how we internalize cost typically depends on our income and
cost typically depends on our income and
cost typically depends on our income and who’s footing the bill for the trip you
who’s footing the bill for the trip you
who’s footing the bill for the trip you might intercede the cost of flying to be
might intercede the cost of flying to be
might intercede the cost of flying to be rather high or if your employers paying
rather high or if your employers paying
rather high or if your employers paying for it you might not perceive the cost
for it you might not perceive the cost
for it you might not perceive the cost at all and the way that we internalize
at all and the way that we internalize
at all and the way that we internalize time begins with our estimate for the
time begins with our estimate for the
time begins with our estimate for the time that each of the links in the
time that each of the links in the
time that each of the links in the travel chain is going to take but it
travel chain is going to take but it
travel chain is going to take but it particularly depends on three components
particularly depends on three components
particularly depends on three components of the way we internalize time and the
of the way we internalize time and the
of the way we internalize time and the first component is flexibility driving
first component is flexibility driving
first component is flexibility driving offers the ultimate in flexibility get
offers the ultimate in flexibility get
offers the ultimate in flexibility get in your car and drive on your own
in your car and drive on your own
in your car and drive on your own schedule flying is the opposite
schedule flying is the opposite
schedule flying is the opposite we’re following someone else’s schedule
we’re following someone else’s schedule
we’re following someone else’s schedule in contrast air air travel offers the
in contrast air air travel offers the
in contrast air air travel offers the ultimate in productivity
ultimate in productivity
ultimate in productivity dr. milkman just before before my talk
dr. milkman just before before my talk
dr. milkman just before before my talk was telling me that she is productive
was telling me that she is productive
was telling me that she is productive from the moment she leaves the house to
from the moment she leaves the house to
from the moment she leaves the house to the moment she gets to her destination
the moment she gets to her destination
the moment she gets to her destination when she flies she is on the phone in
when she flies she is on the phone in
when she flies she is on the phone in the security line she’s writing emails
the security line she’s writing emails
the security line she’s writing emails while she’s waiting at the gate she’s
while she’s waiting at the gate she’s
while she’s waiting at the gate she’s working the entire time on the flight
working the entire time on the flight
working the entire time on the flight driving offers no such option we are
driving offers no such option we are
driving offers no such option we are preoccupied with a rather mundane task
preoccupied with a rather mundane task
preoccupied with a rather mundane task of driving the entire trip and anyone
of driving the entire trip and anyone
of driving the entire trip and anyone who has taken a flight or driven to a
who has taken a flight or driven to a
who has taken a flight or driven to a faraway destiny
faraway destiny
faraway destiny knows that neither option offers
knows that neither option offers
knows that neither option offers predictability we really don’t know if
predictability we really don’t know if
predictability we really don’t know if there’s going to be congestion if
there’s going to be congestion if
there’s going to be congestion if there’s going to be a road out we really
there’s going to be a road out we really
there’s going to be a road out we really don’t know if our flight is going to be
don’t know if our flight is going to be
don’t know if our flight is going to be on time or if it’s going to be canceled
on time or if it’s going to be canceled
on time or if it’s going to be canceled and we might never get there
and we might never get there
and we might never get there we might never get there to be at all so
we might never get there to be at all so
we might never get there to be at all so how did you choose your mode driving or
how did you choose your mode driving or
how did you choose your mode driving or flying for your last trip how did you
flying for your last trip how did you
flying for your last trip how did you internalize the time and the cost of
internalize the time and the cost of
internalize the time and the cost of both of your options well if you choose
both of your options well if you choose
both of your options well if you choose to drive you are not alone 77% of trips
to drive you are not alone 77% of trips
to drive you are not alone 77% of trips from Philadelphia to Boston are taken in
from Philadelphia to Boston are taken in
from Philadelphia to Boston are taken in the car 88% of trips from Philadelphia
the car 88% of trips from Philadelphia
the car 88% of trips from Philadelphia to Washington DC in general as a society
to Washington DC in general as a society
to Washington DC in general as a society we value the flexibility of the car and
we value the flexibility of the car and
we value the flexibility of the car and maybe the lower cost over the
maybe the lower cost over the
maybe the lower cost over the productivity and the cost of flying but
productivity and the cost of flying but
productivity and the cost of flying but now consider this now consider that
now consider this now consider that
now consider this now consider that outside of your house you have an
outside of your house you have an
outside of your house you have an autonomous vehicle waiting to take you
autonomous vehicle waiting to take you
autonomous vehicle waiting to take you to your faraway destination how would
to your faraway destination how would
to your faraway destination how would you choose your mode of travel and would
you choose your mode of travel and would
you choose your mode of travel and would you choose the autonomous vehicle you
you choose the autonomous vehicle you
you choose the autonomous vehicle you may have previously thought about how
may have previously thought about how
may have previously thought about how autonomous vehicle travel might change
autonomous vehicle travel might change
autonomous vehicle travel might change the way you move around the city and I’m
the way you move around the city and I’m
the way you move around the city and I’m going to argue that autonomous vehicle
going to argue that autonomous vehicle
going to argue that autonomous vehicle travel is going to radically change the
travel is going to radically change the
travel is going to radically change the way we travel between cities and this is
way we travel between cities and this is
way we travel between cities and this is because autonomous vehicles offer the
because autonomous vehicles offer the
because autonomous vehicles offer the ultimate in flexibility and productivity
ultimate in flexibility and productivity
ultimate in flexibility and productivity I leave for your trip whenever you want
I leave for your trip whenever you want
I leave for your trip whenever you want I have your vehicle when you when you
I have your vehicle when you when you
I have your vehicle when you when you get there right depart from your
get there right depart from your
get there right depart from your destination whenever you want but while
destination whenever you want but while
destination whenever you want but while you’re doing that you can be productive
you’re doing that you can be productive
you’re doing that you can be productive you could work you could sleep you could
you could work you could sleep you could
you could work you could sleep you could turn around and play with your children
turn around and play with your children
turn around and play with your children if they’re there you can you can you can
if they’re there you can you can you can
if they’re there you can you can you can be productive and flexible at the same
be productive and flexible at the same
be productive and flexible at the same time in addition if enough of us adopt
time in addition if enough of us adopt
time in addition if enough of us adopt autonomous vehicles well maybe we can
autonomous vehicles well maybe we can
autonomous vehicles well maybe we can platoon them on the highway smoothing
platoon them on the highway smoothing
platoon them on the highway smoothing out congestion and thus reducing
out congestion and thus reducing
out congestion and thus reducing unpredictability so now we have a mode
unpredictability so now we have a mode
unpredictability so now we have a mode that optimizes the three components of
that optimizes the three components of
that optimizes the three components of time well if you can’t
time well if you can’t
time well if you can’t wait to have an autonomous vehicle to
wait to have an autonomous vehicle to
wait to have an autonomous vehicle to take on your next intercity trip we here
take on your next intercity trip we here
take on your next intercity trip we here at Penn are working very hard to make
at Penn are working very hard to make
at Penn are working very hard to make that vision a reality
that vision a reality
that vision a reality our mobile mobility 21 Transportation
our mobile mobility 21 Transportation
our mobile mobility 21 Transportation Research Center has been pioneering the
Research Center has been pioneering the
Research Center has been pioneering the development of autonomous vehicles in
development of autonomous vehicles in
development of autonomous vehicles in 2007 professor Dan Lee of electrical and
2007 professor Dan Lee of electrical and
2007 professor Dan Lee of electrical and systems engineering built an autonomous
systems engineering built an autonomous
systems engineering built an autonomous vehicle a very appropriately named
vehicle a very appropriately named
vehicle a very appropriately named little Ben and that vehicle competed the
little Ben and that vehicle competed the
little Ben and that vehicle competed the DARPA urban challenge
DARPA urban challenge
DARPA urban challenge professor Rahul Muharram is developing a
professor Rahul Muharram is developing a
professor Rahul Muharram is developing a driver’s license test for autonomous
driver’s license test for autonomous
driver’s license test for autonomous vehicles and at Carnegie Mellon
vehicles and at Carnegie Mellon
vehicles and at Carnegie Mellon University our mobility 21
University our mobility 21
University our mobility 21 transportation a research partner
transportation a research partner
transportation a research partner they’ve been developing autonomous
they’ve been developing autonomous
they’ve been developing autonomous vehicles and they can be seen driving
vehicles and they can be seen driving
vehicles and they can be seen driving around the streets of Pittsburgh
around the streets of Pittsburgh
around the streets of Pittsburgh most recently they took our own
most recently they took our own
most recently they took our own Pennsylvania Secretary of Transportation
Pennsylvania Secretary of Transportation
Pennsylvania Secretary of Transportation Leslie Richards herself at Penn grad out
Leslie Richards herself at Penn grad out
Leslie Richards herself at Penn grad out for a hands-free hands-free drive around
for a hands-free hands-free drive around
for a hands-free hands-free drive around Pittsburgh well if we have autonomous
Pittsburgh well if we have autonomous
Pittsburgh well if we have autonomous vehicles how will they change the
vehicles how will they change the
vehicles how will they change the interests how will they change the
interests how will they change the
interests how will they change the intercity transportation network so
intercity transportation network so
intercity transportation network so let’s consider the route network for
let’s consider the route network for
let’s consider the route network for airlines out of Philadelphia these are
airlines out of Philadelphia these are
airlines out of Philadelphia these are all of the cities that we can travel to
all of the cities that we can travel to
all of the cities that we can travel to right now nonstop from Philadelphia on a
right now nonstop from Philadelphia on a
right now nonstop from Philadelphia on a flight all right Philadelphia is what is
flight all right Philadelphia is what is
flight all right Philadelphia is what is known as a hub airport which means that
known as a hub airport which means that
known as a hub airport which means that passengers come into Philadelphia they
passengers come into Philadelphia they
passengers come into Philadelphia they transfer flights and they go on to their
transfer flights and they go on to their
transfer flights and they go on to their destination and in fact 50% of people
destination and in fact 50% of people
destination and in fact 50% of people who come through the Philadelphia
who come through the Philadelphia
who come through the Philadelphia Airport are not coming to Philadelphia
Airport are not coming to Philadelphia
Airport are not coming to Philadelphia and they don’t live in Philadelphia
and they don’t live in Philadelphia
and they don’t live in Philadelphia they’re connecting
they’re connecting
they’re connecting they’re connecting through so if those
they’re connecting through so if those
they’re connecting through so if those of us that are taking point-to-point
of us that are taking point-to-point
of us that are taking point-to-point trips between Philadelphia and another
trips between Philadelphia and another
trips between Philadelphia and another place Pittsburgh Pittsburgh buffalo or
place Pittsburgh Pittsburgh buffalo or
place Pittsburgh Pittsburgh buffalo or Rochester if those of us traveling
Rochester if those of us traveling
Rochester if those of us traveling point-to-point elect to travel on our
point-to-point elect to travel on our
point-to-point elect to travel on our autonomous vehicle because it’s more is
autonomous vehicle because it’s more is
autonomous vehicle because it’s more is because it’s more efficient all right
because it’s more efficient all right
because it’s more efficient all right all of a sudden the airline experience
all of a sudden the airline experience
all of a sudden the airline experience is a drop in demand on these three to
is a drop in demand on these three to
is a drop in demand on these three to five hundred mile mile flights
five hundred mile mile flights
five hundred mile mile flights passengers who are looking to connect
passengers who are looking to connect
passengers who are looking to connect passengers who are looking to connect
passengers who are looking to connect
passengers who are looking to connect might find that now instead of five
might find that now instead of five
might find that now instead of five flights a day to Philadelphia they have
flights a day to Philadelphia they have
flights a day to Philadelphia they have to because the demand wasn’t there
to because the demand wasn’t there
to because the demand wasn’t there because all of us traveling
because all of us traveling
because all of us traveling point-to-point have moved on to have
point-to-point have moved on to have
point-to-point have moved on to have moved on to auto the reduction in flight
moved on to auto the reduction in flight
moved on to auto the reduction in flight from the three to five hundred mile
from the three to five hundred mile
from the three to five hundred mile distance could have a very big impact on
distance could have a very big impact on
distance could have a very big impact on our transportation system so a traveler
our transportation system so a traveler
our transportation system so a traveler from Buffalo or Rochester might think
from Buffalo or Rochester might think
from Buffalo or Rochester might think well it’s really inconvenient now to
well it’s really inconvenient now to
well it’s really inconvenient now to travel to Philadelphia so instead I’m
travel to Philadelphia so instead I’m
travel to Philadelphia so instead I’m going to drive to Detroit or I’m going
going to drive to Detroit or I’m going
going to drive to Detroit or I’m going to draw it drive to Boston and
to draw it drive to Boston and
to draw it drive to Boston and Philadelphia loses out on some transfer
Philadelphia loses out on some transfer
Philadelphia loses out on some transfer passengers so while you might not have
passengers so while you might not have
passengers so while you might not have been affected by a cancelling of some
been affected by a cancelling of some
been affected by a cancelling of some flights to Buffalo or Rochester because
flights to Buffalo or Rochester because
flights to Buffalo or Rochester because you can get in your vehicle and drive
you can get in your vehicle and drive
you can get in your vehicle and drive from Philadelphia now all of a sudden
from Philadelphia now all of a sudden
from Philadelphia now all of a sudden when you want to go to San Francisco
when you want to go to San Francisco
when you want to go to San Francisco there aren’t as many flights because
there aren’t as many flights because
there aren’t as many flights because those people from Rochester who want to
those people from Rochester who want to
those people from Rochester who want to go to San Francisco aren’t coming
go to San Francisco aren’t coming
go to San Francisco aren’t coming through to Philadelphia another
through to Philadelphia another
through to Philadelphia another possibility is that people in people in
possibility is that people in people in
possibility is that people in people in smaller cities around Philadelphia
smaller cities around Philadelphia
smaller cities around Philadelphia instead of flying to Philadelphia and
instead of flying to Philadelphia and
instead of flying to Philadelphia and connecting they drive and now all of a
connecting they drive and now all of a
connecting they drive and now all of a sudden that security line at
sudden that security line at
sudden that security line at Philadelphia has doubled in size and the
Philadelphia has doubled in size and the
Philadelphia has doubled in size and the number of people who come to
number of people who come to
number of people who come to Philadelphia Airport to start their trip
Philadelphia Airport to start their trip
Philadelphia Airport to start their trip could put double this is not a problem
could put double this is not a problem
could put double this is not a problem that is unique to Philadelphia across
that is unique to Philadelphia across
that is unique to Philadelphia across the u.s. there are a thousand routes
the u.s. there are a thousand routes
the u.s. there are a thousand routes that are 500 miles in length or shorter
that are 500 miles in length or shorter
that are 500 miles in length or shorter and 37 of our top 70 airports have a
and 37 of our top 70 airports have a
and 37 of our top 70 airports have a majority of their routes are 500 miles
majority of their routes are 500 miles
majority of their routes are 500 miles or less this is a this is an issue that
or less this is a this is an issue that
or less this is a this is an issue that could change the air service network all
could change the air service network all
could change the air service network all across the u.s. so what do I think is
across the u.s. so what do I think is
across the u.s. so what do I think is the future of intercity transportation
the future of intercity transportation
the future of intercity transportation in particular aviation with autonomous
in particular aviation with autonomous
in particular aviation with autonomous vehicles
vehicles
vehicles well Robin Shay’s the founder of Zipcar
well Robin Shay’s the founder of Zipcar
well Robin Shay’s the founder of Zipcar talks about a future of a future of
talks about a future of a future of
talks about a future of a future of urban transportation with autonomous
urban transportation with autonomous
urban transportation with autonomous vehicles characterized by heaven and
vehicles characterized by heaven and
vehicles characterized by heaven and hell heaven being that we all have
hell heaven being that we all have
hell heaven being that we all have autonomous rideshare we’re able to
autonomous rideshare we’re able to
autonomous rideshare we’re able to reclaim urban space because we no longer
reclaim urban space because we no longer
reclaim urban space because we no longer need parking because we can shuttle our
need parking because we can shuttle our
need parking because we can shuttle our vehicle to
vehicle to
vehicle to far out parking area and we can take all
far out parking area and we can take all
far out parking area and we can take all the the parking space on streets and we
the the parking space on streets and we
the the parking space on streets and we can make it urban space hell being that
can make it urban space hell being that
can make it urban space hell being that we all send our vehicles to run our
we all send our vehicles to run our
we all send our vehicles to run our errands and we never interact with the
errands and we never interact with the
errands and we never interact with the urban environment
urban environment
urban environment well my heaven and hell for autonomous
well my heaven and hell for autonomous
well my heaven and hell for autonomous vehicles on intercity transportation are
vehicles on intercity transportation are
vehicles on intercity transportation are a few major airports across the u.s.
a few major airports across the u.s.
a few major airports across the u.s. being the only points of entry for Air
being the only points of entry for Air
being the only points of entry for Air Service huge security lines huge
Service huge security lines huge
Service huge security lines huge congestion points around airports very
congestion points around airports very
congestion points around airports very very long taxi lines for the aircraft
very long taxi lines for the aircraft
very long taxi lines for the aircraft large unpredictable unpredictability and
large unpredictable unpredictability and
large unpredictable unpredictability and service while airports and smaller
service while airports and smaller
service while airports and smaller cities lay completely underutilized big
cities lay completely underutilized big
cities lay completely underutilized big disparities in the way infrastructure is
disparities in the way infrastructure is
disparities in the way infrastructure is used all across the US so we are all
used all across the US so we are all
used all across the US so we are all making rational decisions for ourselves
making rational decisions for ourselves
making rational decisions for ourselves as we think about our intercity
as we think about our intercity
as we think about our intercity transportation choices but are all of
transportation choices but are all of
transportation choices but are all of our rational transportation mode choice
our rational transportation mode choice
our rational transportation mode choice decisions do they all all add up to an
decisions do they all all add up to an
decisions do they all all add up to an intercity transportation system that is
intercity transportation system that is
intercity transportation system that is optimal for all thank you
optimal for all thank you
optimal for all thank you [Applause]
”
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