today I’m gonna show you why it is not only possible but it’s the right thing
only possible but it’s the right thing
only possible but it’s the right thing to do to believe that we can eradicate
to do to believe that we can eradicate
to do to believe that we can eradicate poverty within our lifetime I’m an
poverty within our lifetime I’m an
poverty within our lifetime I’m an economic student when I say economics
economic student when I say economics
economic student when I say economics you probably think of words like
you probably think of words like
you probably think of words like inflation like money supply but
inflation like money supply but
inflation like money supply but economics study of people study of human
economics study of people study of human
economics study of people study of human behavior and its relationship with scare
behavior and its relationship with scare
behavior and its relationship with scare resources and how they’re allocated when
resources and how they’re allocated when
resources and how they’re allocated when I first came to academia as somebody
I first came to academia as somebody
I first came to academia as somebody who’s done service in four countries I
who’s done service in four countries I
who’s done service in four countries I came with a deep desire with a very very
came with a deep desire with a very very
came with a deep desire with a very very important curiosity to look at the poor
important curiosity to look at the poor
important curiosity to look at the poor and see what economics had to offer for
and see what economics had to offer for
and see what economics had to offer for them
them
them I came to academia looking for this mark
I came to academia looking for this mark
I came to academia looking for this mark way to think about eradicating global
way to think about eradicating global
way to think about eradicating global poverty what I found was that for many
poverty what I found was that for many
poverty what I found was that for many years we had confused the economics of
years we had confused the economics of
years we had confused the economics of the poor with poor economics maybe
the poor with poor economics maybe
the poor with poor economics maybe because the poor have so little
because the poor have so little
because the poor have so little purchasing power
purchasing power
purchasing power there’s so little profits to be made off
there’s so little profits to be made off
there’s so little profits to be made off of them we thought that it’s not
of them we thought that it’s not
of them we thought that it’s not interesting to learn from them or maybe
interesting to learn from them or maybe
interesting to learn from them or maybe because their contribution to the global
because their contribution to the global
because their contribution to the global economy is small in terms of dollars we
economy is small in terms of dollars we
economy is small in terms of dollars we thought that it’s not important to learn
thought that it’s not important to learn
thought that it’s not important to learn from them so what we’ve done instead is
from them so what we’ve done instead is
from them so what we’ve done instead is we’ve taken the poor and turn them into
we’ve taken the poor and turn them into
we’ve taken the poor and turn them into a character the poor is somebody to be
a character the poor is somebody to be
a character the poor is somebody to be admired to be motivated about to feel
admired to be motivated about to feel
admired to be motivated about to feel bad about we see them in the news
bad about we see them in the news
bad about we see them in the news biographies documentaries TV music in
biographies documentaries TV music in
biographies documentaries TV music in sports to motivate us or simply to like
sports to motivate us or simply to like
sports to motivate us or simply to like make us feel bad about what’s going on
make us feel bad about what’s going on
make us feel bad about what’s going on in the world but we rarely certainly not
in the world but we rarely certainly not
in the world but we rarely certainly not often enough we’ve come to look at them
often enough we’ve come to look at them
often enough we’ve come to look at them as source
as source
as source of knowledge as fellow human beings who
of knowledge as fellow human beings who
of knowledge as fellow human beings who we can learn from as much as they can
we can learn from as much as they can
we can learn from as much as they can learn from us the good economics the one
learn from us the good economics the one
learn from us the good economics the one we’re doing we’ve been doing in recent
we’re doing we’ve been doing in recent
we’re doing we’ve been doing in recent years turns to listen to them turns to
years turns to listen to them turns to
years turns to listen to them turns to hear what they have to say and learns
hear what they have to say and learns
hear what they have to say and learns from them take one example malaria
from them take one example malaria
from them take one example malaria malaria is a tropical disease that
malaria is a tropical disease that
malaria is a tropical disease that affects the world’s poorest because it
affects the world’s poorest because it
affects the world’s poorest because it is eradicated in developed nations what
is eradicated in developed nations what
is eradicated in developed nations what happens is that it’s a disease that’s
happens is that it’s a disease that’s
happens is that it’s a disease that’s transferred by the bite of a mosquito to
transferred by the bite of a mosquito to
transferred by the bite of a mosquito to the person and it’s this is that is
the person and it’s this is that is
the person and it’s this is that is highly preventable to put in perspective
highly preventable to put in perspective
highly preventable to put in perspective the lasting effects of malaria take this
the lasting effects of malaria take this
the lasting effects of malaria take this example a person in Africa that has
example a person in Africa that has
example a person in Africa that has never had malaria will earn 50% more
never had malaria will earn 50% more
never had malaria will earn 50% more whether it’s income salary every year
whether it’s income salary every year
whether it’s income salary every year according to studies throughout their
according to studies throughout their
according to studies throughout their lifetime than his counterpart that had
lifetime than his counterpart that had
lifetime than his counterpart that had malaria when they were a child these to
malaria when they were a child these to
malaria when they were a child these to prove that it is a big deal that he does
prove that it is a big deal that he does
prove that it is a big deal that he does have a long-term impact on the lives of
have a long-term impact on the lives of
have a long-term impact on the lives of people and the lives of communities it
people and the lives of communities it
people and the lives of communities it keeps him poor keeps among healthy it
keeps him poor keeps among healthy it
keeps him poor keeps among healthy it keeps him desperate now for disease
keeps him desperate now for disease
keeps him desperate now for disease that’s highly preventable with this tool
that’s highly preventable with this tool
that’s highly preventable with this tool that we have that’s a bad net or
that we have that’s a bad net or
that we have that’s a bad net or vaccines this is of course not
vaccines this is of course not
vaccines this is of course not acceptable abet net what you see in the
acceptable abet net what you see in the
acceptable abet net what you see in the picture is this tool that we have that
picture is this tool that we have that
picture is this tool that we have that you put over your bed that prevents the
you put over your bed that prevents the
you put over your bed that prevents the mosquito that carries the disease from
mosquito that carries the disease from
mosquito that carries the disease from coming in and biting you or your
coming in and biting you or your
coming in and biting you or your children so you may think well there’s
children so you may think well there’s
children so you may think well there’s an answer for that we can help that
an answer for that we can help that
an answer for that we can help that right so what we’ve done from our spread
right so what we’ve done from our spread
right so what we’ve done from our spread perspective in the West is we’ve thought
perspective in the West is we’ve thought
perspective in the West is we’ve thought we have the answer let’s get some bed
we have the answer let’s get some bed
we have the answer let’s get some bed nets let’s go to Africa distribute them
nets let’s go to Africa distribute them
nets let’s go to Africa distribute them take some picture for our website and
take some picture for our website and
take some picture for our website and let’s go back while topping yourself in
let’s go back while topping yourself in
let’s go back while topping yourself in the back saying how much good
the back saying how much good
the back saying how much good we’ve done how much impact in terms of
we’ve done how much impact in terms of
we’ve done how much impact in terms of dollar amount that’s a number of bed
dollar amount that’s a number of bed
dollar amount that’s a number of bed nets given in terms of people who have
nets given in terms of people who have
nets given in terms of people who have received it what we see in reality when
received it what we see in reality when
received it what we see in reality when we look at the people in the economics
we look at the people in the economics
we look at the people in the economics is that the town that we arrived with
is that the town that we arrived with
is that the town that we arrived with first of all run one person out of
first of all run one person out of
first of all run one person out of business the local supplier while
business the local supplier while
business the local supplier while destroying the ten jobs that he was
destroying the ten jobs that he was
destroying the ten jobs that he was probably offering to these employees so
probably offering to these employees so
probably offering to these employees so 10 families are now of course not
10 families are now of course not
10 families are now of course not well-off by this but when we turn in to
well-off by this but when we turn in to
well-off by this but when we turn in to see the help we see that some people who
see the help we see that some people who
see the help we see that some people who were already using the bat nets they
were already using the bat nets they
were already using the bat nets they just have a few extras or maybe an extra
just have a few extras or maybe an extra
just have a few extras or maybe an extra one while the other ones were not using
one while the other ones were not using
one while the other ones were not using it in the first place they’re still not
it in the first place they’re still not
it in the first place they’re still not using it why is this happening we would
using it why is this happening we would
using it why is this happening we would know this answer if we were a bother to
know this answer if we were a bother to
know this answer if we were a bother to ask if it of bothered to see what it was
ask if it of bothered to see what it was
ask if it of bothered to see what it was about them that was the source of the
about them that was the source of the
about them that was the source of the problem when we turn into good economics
problem when we turn into good economics
problem when we turn into good economics we put people first we see that maybe
we put people first we see that maybe
we put people first we see that maybe these people didn’t know how to use it
these people didn’t know how to use it
these people didn’t know how to use it maybe they had other reasons like
maybe they had other reasons like
maybe they had other reasons like infrastructure it was hard to deliver
infrastructure it was hard to deliver
infrastructure it was hard to deliver the bed nets maybe was information they
the bed nets maybe was information they
the bed nets maybe was information they didn’t know that we’re giving away free
didn’t know that we’re giving away free
didn’t know that we’re giving away free bed nets maybe it was that they didn’t
bed nets maybe it was that they didn’t
bed nets maybe it was that they didn’t know the consequences of malaria they
know the consequences of malaria they
know the consequences of malaria they didn’t know how good this bed net was so
didn’t know how good this bed net was so
didn’t know how good this bed net was so these are local solutions that we’ve
these are local solutions that we’ve
these are local solutions that we’ve tried to give to communities when we’ve
tried to give to communities when we’ve
tried to give to communities when we’ve listened to them now the global picture
listened to them now the global picture
listened to them now the global picture the global solution that we’ve gotten by
the global solution that we’ve gotten by
the global solution that we’ve gotten by looking at each community is that it is
looking at each community is that it is
looking at each community is that it is only possible by what we call a social
only possible by what we call a social
only possible by what we call a social contract now communities have ties where
contract now communities have ties where
contract now communities have ties where it’s religion where it is love where it
it’s religion where it is love where it
it’s religion where it is love where it is whatever spirituality you have to use
is whatever spirituality you have to use
is whatever spirituality you have to use this in order to eradicate malaria now
this in order to eradicate malaria now
this in order to eradicate malaria now let me show you how this
let me show you how this
let me show you how this works makes sense because when you sleep
works makes sense because when you sleep
works makes sense because when you sleep under bettin then when you get vaccines
under bettin then when you get vaccines
under bettin then when you get vaccines you’re not only helping yourself and
you’re not only helping yourself and
you’re not only helping yourself and your family be healthy and richer in the
your family be healthy and richer in the
your family be healthy and richer in the future but you’re helping others by not
future but you’re helping others by not
future but you’re helping others by not having the disease you don’t transfer
having the disease you don’t transfer
having the disease you don’t transfer the disease to others the same goes for
the disease to others the same goes for
the disease to others the same goes for them if they sleep under a bed net
them if they sleep under a bed net
them if they sleep under a bed net they’re gonna keep me healthy so it
they’re gonna keep me healthy so it
they’re gonna keep me healthy so it doesn’t really work to think of lifting
doesn’t really work to think of lifting
doesn’t really work to think of lifting an entire community and then the world
an entire community and then the world
an entire community and then the world out of poverty if everyone in each
out of poverty if everyone in each
out of poverty if everyone in each community is not using it now
community is not using it now
community is not using it now communities have answers to this
communities have answers to this
communities have answers to this questions they get together with social
questions they get together with social
questions they get together with social ties to form social contracts there’s
ties to form social contracts there’s
ties to form social contracts there’s many ways to do it as I’ve said religion
many ways to do it as I’ve said religion
many ways to do it as I’ve said religion spirituality a shared struggle so the
spirituality a shared struggle so the
spirituality a shared struggle so the role of the West of developed nations of
role of the West of developed nations of
role of the West of developed nations of us wants to want to help is not to throw
us wants to want to help is not to throw
us wants to want to help is not to throw bed nets to them it’s not to throw money
bed nets to them it’s not to throw money
bed nets to them it’s not to throw money to them it is to empower them when you
to them it is to empower them when you
to them it is to empower them when you give them the resources and let their
give them the resources and let their
give them the resources and let their communities do what they know how to do
communities do what they know how to do
communities do what they know how to do to live themselves out of poverty that’s
to live themselves out of poverty that’s
to live themselves out of poverty that’s when you start making an impact that’s
when you start making an impact that’s
when you start making an impact that’s where you start empowering that’s where
where you start empowering that’s where
where you start empowering that’s where you start eradicating poverty you remove
you start eradicating poverty you remove
you start eradicating poverty you remove them from this poverty trap
them from this poverty trap
them from this poverty trap that’s called malaria now talking about
that’s called malaria now talking about
that’s called malaria now talking about empowering the best way to think of it
empowering the best way to think of it
empowering the best way to think of it is with micro loans in microfinance
is with micro loans in microfinance
is with micro loans in microfinance we’ve developed this thing that’s small
we’ve developed this thing that’s small
we’ve developed this thing that’s small loan given to poor people in cash by
loan given to poor people in cash by
loan given to poor people in cash by somebody that knows them that knows what
somebody that knows them that knows what
somebody that knows them that knows what they’re gonna use the money for this has
they’re gonna use the money for this has
they’re gonna use the money for this has two purposes
two purposes
two purposes first it’s a safety thing so turning to
first it’s a safety thing so turning to
first it’s a safety thing so turning to good economics we put ourselves in the
good economics we put ourselves in the
good economics we put ourselves in the shoes of the poor and we see that they
shoes of the poor and we see that they
shoes of the poor and we see that they have usually no fixed income no
have usually no fixed income no
have usually no fixed income no insurance
insurance
insurance no health care no relatives or friends
no health care no relatives or friends
no health care no relatives or friends with money that can help them in times
with money that can help them in times
with money that can help them in times of emergencies what happens when
of emergencies what happens when
of emergencies what happens when their house falls down somebody becomes
their house falls down somebody becomes
their house falls down somebody becomes ill or their crops fail is that they
ill or their crops fail is that they
ill or their crops fail is that they have only one resource the local money
have only one resource the local money
have only one resource the local money lender now the local money lender is
lender now the local money lender is
lender now the local money lender is somebody that deals with desperate
somebody that deals with desperate
somebody that deals with desperate people desperate uneducated poor people
people desperate uneducated poor people
people desperate uneducated poor people and in reality we see that these people
and in reality we see that these people
and in reality we see that these people become trapped in the local moneylenders
become trapped in the local moneylenders
become trapped in the local moneylenders loan because the interest is as high as
loan because the interest is as high as
loan because the interest is as high as a local money lender wants it to be and
a local money lender wants it to be and
a local money lender wants it to be and the payments are just how he wants them
the payments are just how he wants them
the payments are just how he wants them to be there’s no bargaining here because
to be there’s no bargaining here because
to be there’s no bargaining here because people are so desperate
people are so desperate
people are so desperate this turns again into violence because
this turns again into violence because
this turns again into violence because that’s the only way the moneylender has
that’s the only way the moneylender has
that’s the only way the moneylender has to enforce the payment so when you’re
to enforce the payment so when you’re
to enforce the payment so when you’re there giving loans to poor people first
there giving loans to poor people first
there giving loans to poor people first of all you’re helping them keep their
of all you’re helping them keep their
of all you’re helping them keep their focus and their energy on what matters
focus and their energy on what matters
focus and their energy on what matters if your son is sick you need to care for
if your son is sick you need to care for
if your son is sick you need to care for their health now for what’s gonna be in
their health now for what’s gonna be in
their health now for what’s gonna be in your play tonight if your crops fail you
your play tonight if your crops fail you
your play tonight if your crops fail you to find out what went wrong
to find out what went wrong
to find out what went wrong you need to get back to fixing it you
you need to get back to fixing it you
you need to get back to fixing it you don’t need to be looking out for cash to
don’t need to be looking out for cash to
don’t need to be looking out for cash to solve your daily needs of food and
solve your daily needs of food and
solve your daily needs of food and shelter so when we provide these micro
shelter so when we provide these micro
shelter so when we provide these micro loans we’re not only helping each person
loans we’re not only helping each person
loans we’re not only helping each person but we’re helping the entire community
but we’re helping the entire community
but we’re helping the entire community get together by removing for the most
get together by removing for the most
get together by removing for the most part violence now this is very important
part violence now this is very important
part violence now this is very important because we provide him with a safety net
because we provide him with a safety net
because we provide him with a safety net and the safety that involves knowing
and the safety that involves knowing
and the safety that involves knowing that you’re gonna have somewhere to
that you’re gonna have somewhere to
that you’re gonna have somewhere to sleep and something to eat but there’s a
sleep and something to eat but there’s a
sleep and something to eat but there’s a better part of micro loans it’s a more
better part of micro loans it’s a more
better part of micro loans it’s a more inspiring part it’s part where you see
inspiring part it’s part where you see
inspiring part it’s part where you see women like this one where you see people
women like this one where you see people
women like this one where you see people with huge potentials to do great things
with huge potentials to do great things
with huge potentials to do great things for their economy their communities in
for their economy their communities in
for their economy their communities in their world this story I like a lot
their world this story I like a lot
their world this story I like a lot it comes from micro loan website Kiva
it comes from micro loan website Kiva
it comes from micro loan website Kiva it’s from this woman that she was in a
it’s from this woman that she was in a
it’s from this woman that she was in a community and she wanted to make orange
community and she wanted to make orange
community and she wanted to make orange juice since there was no employment she
juice since there was no employment she
juice since there was no employment she decided to sell the orange juice she
decided to sell the orange juice she
decided to sell the orange juice she made
made
made now this is not a great thing as it
now this is not a great thing as it
now this is not a great thing as it sounds right now because orange juice
sounds right now because orange juice
sounds right now because orange juice anybody in her community could make her
anybody in her community could make her
anybody in her community could make her in juice what’s about this woman that is
in juice what’s about this woman that is
in juice what’s about this woman that is so special
so special
so special not her education it’s not her training
not her education it’s not her training
not her education it’s not her training maybe not her talent in sports she was
maybe not her talent in sports she was
maybe not her talent in sports she was very good at bookkeeping she was very
very good at bookkeeping she was very
very good at bookkeeping she was very organized she liked to do math she was
organized she liked to do math she was
organized she liked to do math she was the ones that were very very focused on
the ones that were very very focused on
the ones that were very very focused on getting all their accounts right she was
getting all their accounts right she was
getting all their accounts right she was also and this is the reason for her
also and this is the reason for her
also and this is the reason for her success in my opinion she was very good
success in my opinion she was very good
success in my opinion she was very good at packaging them and making them look
at packaging them and making them look
at packaging them and making them look good make them look healthy making them
good make them look healthy making them
good make them look healthy making them look sanitary and as you can see in this
look sanitary and as you can see in this
look sanitary and as you can see in this amazing picture she’s a woman that had
amazing picture she’s a woman that had
amazing picture she’s a woman that had the power to influence others to lead
the power to influence others to lead
the power to influence others to lead others so before she was stuck in the
others so before she was stuck in the
others so before she was stuck in the tribe that she could only produce 20
tribe that she could only produce 20
tribe that she could only produce 20 liters a week now with the loan plus
liters a week now with the loan plus
liters a week now with the loan plus training that she requested Kiva and
training that she requested Kiva and
training that she requested Kiva and another agency provided her with the
another agency provided her with the
another agency provided her with the ability to expand now she produces 200
ability to expand now she produces 200
ability to expand now she produces 200 liters a week this is one story of a
liters a week this is one story of a
liters a week this is one story of a woman that whose life changed but she
woman that whose life changed but she
woman that whose life changed but she employed about 10 to 12 other people
employed about 10 to 12 other people
employed about 10 to 12 other people whose life changed too and it’s not only
whose life changed too and it’s not only
whose life changed too and it’s not only their community but across other
their community but across other
their community but across other communities because she has now
communities because she has now
communities because she has now empowered by inspiration other women
empowered by inspiration other women
empowered by inspiration other women other poor people to believe that their
other poor people to believe that their
other poor people to believe that their dreams can come true no matter your
dreams can come true no matter your
dreams can come true no matter your education your background or any other
education your background or any other
education your background or any other limitation cultural racial you may have
limitation cultural racial you may have
limitation cultural racial you may have the world is getting better the world
the world is getting better the world
the world is getting better the world getting better child mortality has been
getting better child mortality has been
getting better child mortality has been cut in half since the 1990s life
cut in half since the 1990s life
cut in half since the 1990s life expectancy has nearly doubled and more
expectancy has nearly doubled and more
expectancy has nearly doubled and more and more people more children have
and more people more children have
and more people more children have access to education health care
access to education health care
access to education health care technology investment and ever before as
technology investment and ever before as
technology investment and ever before as Bill Gates used to say I’m an optimist
Bill Gates used to say I’m an optimist
Bill Gates used to say I’m an optimist but I’m an impatient optimist
but I’m an impatient optimist
but I’m an impatient optimist things are getting better but they’re
things are getting better but they’re
things are getting better but they’re not getting better fast enough and for
not getting better fast enough and for
not getting better fast enough and for the right kind of people and that’s why
the right kind of people and that’s why
the right kind of people and that’s why we need to need to believe that we can
we need to need to believe that we can
we need to need to believe that we can eradicate poverty within your lifetime I
eradicate poverty within your lifetime I
eradicate poverty within your lifetime I think it’s amazing when I came to
think it’s amazing when I came to
think it’s amazing when I came to academia after only a couple of years of
academia after only a couple of years of
academia after only a couple of years of studying I didn’t understand what it was
studying I didn’t understand what it was
studying I didn’t understand what it was about the poor that is not only the
about the poor that is not only the
about the poor that is not only the right thing to do to see other human
right thing to do to see other human
right thing to do to see other human beings as equals it’s not only the right
beings as equals it’s not only the right
beings as equals it’s not only the right thing to do to see them as people who we
thing to do to see them as people who we
thing to do to see them as people who we share this world with but how amazing is
share this world with but how amazing is
share this world with but how amazing is it that economics science has proven
it that economics science has proven
it that economics science has proven that this is what works with lift in the
that this is what works with lift in the
that this is what works with lift in the world out of poverty I think the message
world out of poverty I think the message
world out of poverty I think the message is that it’s entirely humanistic and
is that it’s entirely humanistic and
is that it’s entirely humanistic and it’s also what works to see others our
it’s also what works to see others our
it’s also what works to see others our sources of knowledge esteem mates in
sources of knowledge esteem mates in
sources of knowledge esteem mates in this plan of getting the world out of
this plan of getting the world out of
this plan of getting the world out of poverty this is how we’re gonna
poverty this is how we’re gonna
poverty this is how we’re gonna radically poverty within our lifetime
radically poverty within our lifetime
radically poverty within our lifetime this is how economics is helping this is
this is how economics is helping this is
this is how economics is helping this is how economics shaping tomorrow thank you
how economics shaping tomorrow thank you
how economics shaping tomorrow thank you [Applause]
”
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