66 million years ago a mountain fell from the sky this is a 10-kilometer
from the sky this is a 10-kilometer
from the sky this is a 10-kilometer asteroid that came crashing down and
asteroid that came crashing down and
asteroid that came crashing down and impacted our planet with the same energy
impacted our planet with the same energy
impacted our planet with the same energy of over a million nuclear bomb blasts
of over a million nuclear bomb blasts
of over a million nuclear bomb blasts this turned the sky black it set up a
this turned the sky black it set up a
this turned the sky black it set up a wave of mega tsunamis that were higher
wave of mega tsunamis that were higher
wave of mega tsunamis that were higher than then skyscrapers it’s a set off
than then skyscrapers it’s a set off
than then skyscrapers it’s a set off volcanoes in earthquakes fires that
volcanoes in earthquakes fires that
volcanoes in earthquakes fires that range all across the land this is a bad
range all across the land this is a bad
range all across the land this is a bad day for planet Earth this was also the
day for planet Earth this was also the
day for planet Earth this was also the day that is the least favorite day for
day that is the least favorite day for
day that is the least favorite day for my son my four-year-old son who loves
my son my four-year-old son who loves
my son my four-year-old son who loves dinosaurs all of this mayhem that was
dinosaurs all of this mayhem that was
dinosaurs all of this mayhem that was unleashed on our world created a mass
unleashed on our world created a mass
unleashed on our world created a mass extinction a mass extinction that
extinction a mass extinction that
extinction a mass extinction that eventually wiped out the dinosaurs some
eventually wiped out the dinosaurs some
eventually wiped out the dinosaurs some of you have probably heard a scientists
of you have probably heard a scientists
of you have probably heard a scientists talk about a new mass extinction that is
talk about a new mass extinction that is
talk about a new mass extinction that is on the horizon this new mass extinction
on the horizon this new mass extinction
on the horizon this new mass extinction is not something that you see on a NASA
is not something that you see on a NASA
is not something that you see on a NASA radar screen of a new asteroid that’s
radar screen of a new asteroid that’s
radar screen of a new asteroid that’s coming crashing towards our planet
coming crashing towards our planet
coming crashing towards our planet rather this new at Nats extinction is
rather this new at Nats extinction is
rather this new at Nats extinction is actually looking at us in the mirror we
actually looking at us in the mirror we
actually looking at us in the mirror we are the new asteroid scientists estimate
are the new asteroid scientists estimate
are the new asteroid scientists estimate that extinction rates caused all around
that extinction rates caused all around
that extinction rates caused all around us on the planet today are as high as
us on the planet today are as high as
us on the planet today are as high as the rates that were observed during this
the rates that were observed during this
the rates that were observed during this day 66 million years ago that observed
day 66 million years ago that observed
day 66 million years ago that observed during some of the biggest mass
during some of the biggest mass
during some of the biggest mass extinctions in human history it’s sort
extinctions in human history it’s sort
extinctions in human history it’s sort of hard for us to get our heads around
of hard for us to get our heads around
of hard for us to get our heads around the gravity of this situation we as
the gravity of this situation we as
the gravity of this situation we as humans sometimes can be a slightly
humans sometimes can be a slightly
humans sometimes can be a slightly self-involved species but if we have the
self-involved species but if we have the
self-involved species but if we have the interest in asking and the capabilities
interest in asking and the capabilities
interest in asking and the capabilities of asking we ask the biology that shares
of asking we ask the biology that shares
of asking we ask the biology that shares the planet with us the biology besides
the planet with us the biology besides
the planet with us the biology besides us on earth it would have a very
us on earth it would have a very
us on earth it would have a very different story to tell us if we asked
different story to tell us if we asked
different story to tell us if we asked tigers or elephants or lions well they
tigers or elephants or lions well they
tigers or elephants or lions well they would tell us a story that feels a lot
would tell us a story that feels a lot
would tell us a story that feels a lot more like that day 66 million years ago
more like that day 66 million years ago
more like that day 66 million years ago now I’m a marine biologist so I want to
now I’m a marine biologist so I want to
now I’m a marine biologist so I want to pivot a little bit a lot of this science
pivot a little bit a lot of this science
pivot a little bit a lot of this science a lot of this research about a emerging
a lot of this research about a emerging
a lot of this research about a emerging mass extinction is drawn from data on
mass extinction is drawn from data on
mass extinction is drawn from data on land
land
land surely ecosystems I want us to ask in
surely ecosystems I want us to ask in
surely ecosystems I want us to ask in our time together is a mass extinction
our time together is a mass extinction
our time together is a mass extinction entering our oceans and that’s an
entering our oceans and that’s an
entering our oceans and that’s an incredibly important question the reason
incredibly important question the reason
incredibly important question the reason it’s so important at least one reasons
it’s so important at least one reasons
it’s so important at least one reasons it’s so important is because if you took
it’s so important is because if you took
it’s so important is because if you took all the space on our planet where life
all the space on our planet where life
all the space on our planet where life can exist and you added all of that
can exist and you added all of that
can exist and you added all of that space up ninety percent of the habitable
space up ninety percent of the habitable
space up ninety percent of the habitable space on our planet of all vice space
space on our planet of all vice space
space on our planet of all vice space would be oceans in essence then what
would be oceans in essence then what
would be oceans in essence then what we’re asking is is a mass extinction
we’re asking is is a mass extinction
we’re asking is is a mass extinction leaking into the ninety percent of our
leaking into the ninety percent of our
leaking into the ninety percent of our planet where life can exist this is
planet where life can exist this is
planet where life can exist this is obviously a question that we want a good
obviously a question that we want a good
obviously a question that we want a good answer to right before we reach forward
answer to right before we reach forward
answer to right before we reach forward towards that answer I’d like us to reach
towards that answer I’d like us to reach
towards that answer I’d like us to reach back a bit this is a timeline of
back a bit this is a timeline of
back a bit this is a timeline of extinction a timeline of human driven
extinction a timeline of human driven
extinction a timeline of human driven extinctions it takes us about 50,000
extinctions it takes us about 50,000
extinctions it takes us about 50,000 years back now the first data that I
years back now the first data that I
years back now the first data that I have up here are extinctions that were
have up here are extinctions that were
have up here are extinctions that were caused by people on land you’ll notice a
caused by people on land you’ll notice a
caused by people on land you’ll notice a couple things on this graph first that
couple things on this graph first that
couple things on this graph first that there’s a lot of green on the graph that
there’s a lot of green on the graph that
there’s a lot of green on the graph that shows that the body kind of extinction
shows that the body kind of extinction
shows that the body kind of extinction is quite high the other interesting
is quite high the other interesting
is quite high the other interesting thing about this graph is the dynamic of
thing about this graph is the dynamic of
thing about this graph is the dynamic of extinction there’s a pulsed nature to
extinction there’s a pulsed nature to
extinction there’s a pulsed nature to extinction essentially extinction
extinction essentially extinction
extinction essentially extinction follows in our footprints we arrived to
follows in our footprints we arrived to
follows in our footprints we arrived to Australia and we saw a pulse of
Australia and we saw a pulse of
Australia and we saw a pulse of extinction we headed out to the Americas
extinction we headed out to the Americas
extinction we headed out to the Americas about 14,000 years ago we saw a pulse of
about 14,000 years ago we saw a pulse of
about 14,000 years ago we saw a pulse of extinction than 500 years ago we were
extinction than 500 years ago we were
extinction than 500 years ago we were everywhere globalization had really
everywhere globalization had really
everywhere globalization had really ramped up we were about every niche on
ramped up we were about every niche on
ramped up we were about every niche on the planet we saw this gigantic spike of
the planet we saw this gigantic spike of
the planet we saw this gigantic spike of extinction over here this is what
extinction over here this is what
extinction over here this is what scientists are talking about when they
scientists are talking about when they
scientists are talking about when they mentioned a brand new and emerging mass
mentioned a brand new and emerging mass
mentioned a brand new and emerging mass extinction on our planet so what’s the
extinction on our planet so what’s the
extinction on our planet so what’s the story for oceans that’s the landing
story for oceans that’s the landing
story for oceans that’s the landing let’s put up the oceans data a very
let’s put up the oceans data a very
let’s put up the oceans data a very different story there’s a lot of silence
different story there’s a lot of silence
different story there’s a lot of silence in this timeline all the way up into
in this timeline all the way up into
in this timeline all the way up into this point to the last 500 years in the
this point to the last 500 years in the
this point to the last 500 years in the last 500 years we finally see the first
last 500 years we finally see the first
last 500 years we finally see the first blip on the radar screen of extinction
blip on the radar screen of extinction
blip on the radar screen of extinction in the oceans if we can zoom in a bit
in the oceans if we can zoom in a bit
in the oceans if we can zoom in a bit and the last 500 years for extinction
and the last 500 years for extinction
and the last 500 years for extinction you can really draw out this story very
you can really draw out this story very
you can really draw out this story very well and the contrast in this story on
well and the contrast in this story on
well and the contrast in this story on land we see this skyrocketing rate of
land we see this skyrocketing rate of
land we see this skyrocketing rate of extinction in the oceans the varied
extinction in the oceans the varied
extinction in the oceans the varied story we have it essentially this lovely
story we have it essentially this lovely
story we have it essentially this lovely beautiful flat line for extinction in
beautiful flat line for extinction in
beautiful flat line for extinction in the oceans and this is wonderful news
the oceans and this is wonderful news
the oceans and this is wonderful news this is incredibly optimistic right if
this is incredibly optimistic right if
this is incredibly optimistic right if you actually add up the numbers in the
you actually add up the numbers in the
you actually add up the numbers in the last 500 years on land we’ve seen over
last 500 years on land we’ve seen over
last 500 years on land we’ve seen over 500 animal species that have gone
500 animal species that have gone
500 animal species that have gone extinct in the same time period we’ve
extinct in the same time period we’ve
extinct in the same time period we’ve only seen 15 animal extinctions in the
only seen 15 animal extinctions in the
only seen 15 animal extinctions in the oceans this is a view of some of the
oceans this is a view of some of the
oceans this is a view of some of the faces of the ocean animal 15 when I
faces of the ocean animal 15 when I
faces of the ocean animal 15 when I sometimes call the oceans 15 now how how
sometimes call the oceans 15 now how how
sometimes call the oceans 15 now how how good how stable how tenuous is this good
good how stable how tenuous is this good
good how stable how tenuous is this good news right this is truly good news for
news right this is truly good news for
news right this is truly good news for oceans we can answer that question a bit
oceans we can answer that question a bit
oceans we can answer that question a bit by a hypothetical we can take all of the
by a hypothetical we can take all of the
by a hypothetical we can take all of the animal species that are endangered in
animal species that are endangered in
animal species that are endangered in the oceans and these are all the species
the oceans and these are all the species
the oceans and these are all the species that scientists say are at risk for
that scientists say are at risk for
that scientists say are at risk for extinction and we can hypothetically
extinction and we can hypothetically
extinction and we can hypothetically push them extinct if we do that what
push them extinct if we do that what
push them extinct if we do that what that does is takes us from this flat
that does is takes us from this flat
that does is takes us from this flat line space and it takes a skyrocketing
line space and it takes a skyrocketing
line space and it takes a skyrocketing all the way up into this space
all the way up into this space
all the way up into this space unfortunately it seems that we are
unfortunately it seems that we are
unfortunately it seems that we are sitting on an extinction cliff in the
sitting on an extinction cliff in the
sitting on an extinction cliff in the oceans there are hundreds of species
oceans there are hundreds of species
oceans there are hundreds of species unfortunately amazing species
unfortunately amazing species
unfortunately amazing species ecologically important species things
ecologically important species things
ecologically important species things like sea otters and sea turtles and
like sea otters and sea turtles and
like sea otters and sea turtles and sharks and dolphins and whales and
sharks and dolphins and whales and
sharks and dolphins and whales and porpoises that are hanging their
porpoises that are hanging their
porpoises that are hanging their flippers or their fins just off the edge
flippers or their fins just off the edge
flippers or their fins just off the edge of this cliff it would be all too easy
of this cliff it would be all too easy
of this cliff it would be all too easy for us to create a mass extinction in
for us to create a mass extinction in
for us to create a mass extinction in our oceans so how do we prevent that
our oceans so how do we prevent that
our oceans so how do we prevent that from happening how do we keep a mass
from happening how do we keep a mass
from happening how do we keep a mass extinction from leaking into our oceans
extinction from leaking into our oceans
extinction from leaking into our oceans the answer for me is to figure out what
the answer for me is to figure out what
the answer for me is to figure out what happened here what happened in the green
happened here what happened in the green
happened here what happened in the green line on land when things went from this
line on land when things went from this
line on land when things went from this comfortable flat line of background
comfortable flat line of background
comfortable flat line of background extinctions and then worked up into this
extinctions and then worked up into this
extinctions and then worked up into this mass extinction space I’ll tell you what
mass extinction space I’ll tell you what
mass extinction space I’ll tell you what I think the answer is what changed about
I think the answer is what changed about
I think the answer is what changed about that time so this period here this shift
that time so this period here this shift
that time so this period here this shift in the extinction curve really sort of
in the extinction curve really sort of
in the extinction curve really sort of changed about the time of the Industrial
changed about the time of the Industrial
changed about the time of the Industrial Revolution now it was a very different
Revolution now it was a very different
Revolution now it was a very different period for humans relationship with life
period for humans relationship with life
period for humans relationship with life on land and this is a timeline again
on land and this is a timeline again
on land and this is a timeline again takes us back the same time period
takes us back the same time period
takes us back the same time period 50,000 years
50,000 years
50,000 years you can see this ain’t changing
you can see this ain’t changing
you can see this ain’t changing influence that we’ve had on both
influence that we’ve had on both
influence that we’ve had on both terrestrial on land-based and on aquatic
terrestrial on land-based and on aquatic
terrestrial on land-based and on aquatic on marine ecosystems we’ve been driving
on marine ecosystems we’ve been driving
on marine ecosystems we’ve been driving as we looked at extinction for a long
as we looked at extinction for a long
as we looked at extinction for a long time on land much of that early
time on land much of that early
time on land much of that early extinction though was caused by direct
extinction though was caused by direct
extinction though was caused by direct hunting in this very space we were
hunting in this very space we were
hunting in this very space we were sharing today there used to be mamus and
sharing today there used to be mamus and
sharing today there used to be mamus and gigantic ground sloths sloths that were
gigantic ground sloths sloths that were
gigantic ground sloths sloths that were three times taller than I am right when
three times taller than I am right when
three times taller than I am right when we arrived to North America hunting
we arrived to North America hunting
we arrived to North America hunting direct hunting of these species
direct hunting of these species
direct hunting of these species contributed to their extinction now if
contributed to their extinction now if
contributed to their extinction now if you fast forward from that period all
you fast forward from that period all
you fast forward from that period all the way up to the Industrial Revolution
the way up to the Industrial Revolution
the way up to the Industrial Revolution something changed our species humanity
something changed our species humanity
something changed our species humanity became less interested in hunting
became less interested in hunting
became less interested in hunting species directly in hunting animals
species directly in hunting animals
species directly in hunting animals directly and hunting their homes in
directly and hunting their homes in
directly and hunting their homes in modifying altering you sir paying
modifying altering you sir paying
modifying altering you sir paying habitats and ecosystems and this was a
habitats and ecosystems and this was a
habitats and ecosystems and this was a game changer for extinction and sort of
game changer for extinction and sort of
game changer for extinction and sort of intuitively understand that right if you
intuitively understand that right if you
intuitively understand that right if you hunt a deer species a single deer
hunt a deer species a single deer
hunt a deer species a single deer species and you / enthusiastically
species and you / enthusiastically
species and you / enthusiastically pursue that deer species well there is a
pursue that deer species well there is a
pursue that deer species well there is a good risk that you could drive that deer
good risk that you could drive that deer
good risk that you could drive that deer species extinct if you instead hunt a
species extinct if you instead hunt a
species extinct if you instead hunt a forest if you switch to hunting a forest
forest if you switch to hunting a forest
forest if you switch to hunting a forest and you wipe out that force well you’ll
and you wipe out that force well you’ll
and you wipe out that force well you’ll certainly wipe out the trees that make
certainly wipe out the trees that make
certainly wipe out the trees that make up that force but you’re also putting at
up that force but you’re also putting at
up that force but you’re also putting at risk the hundreds of species they call
risk the hundreds of species they call
risk the hundreds of species they call that forest home that ups the ante
that forest home that ups the ante
that forest home that ups the ante furred extinction that’s what happened
furred extinction that’s what happened
furred extinction that’s what happened and that’s my opinion of what happened
and that’s my opinion of what happened
and that’s my opinion of what happened that triggered this mass extinction on
that triggered this mass extinction on
that triggered this mass extinction on land so that raises some important
land so that raises some important
land so that raises some important questions write the questions are is it
questions write the questions are is it
questions write the questions are is it are any of these conditions is there any
are any of these conditions is there any
are any of these conditions is there any evidence that a mass extinction or any
evidence that a mass extinction or any
evidence that a mass extinction or any evidence that an industrial revolution
evidence that an industrial revolution
evidence that an industrial revolution the kind of thing that we observed on
the kind of thing that we observed on
the kind of thing that we observed on land that is replicating itself in the
land that is replicating itself in the
land that is replicating itself in the oceans is there any evidence that we’re
oceans is there any evidence that we’re
oceans is there any evidence that we’re beginning to use the oceans in brand new
beginning to use the oceans in brand new
beginning to use the oceans in brand new ways that may affect habitats at large
ways that may affect habitats at large
ways that may affect habitats at large scales because if that was a trigger for
scales because if that was a trigger for
scales because if that was a trigger for extinction on land perhaps that’s also a
extinction on land perhaps that’s also a
extinction on land perhaps that’s also a trigger for extinction in the oceans
trigger for extinction in the oceans
trigger for extinction in the oceans let’s look at some shifts let’s look at
let’s look at some shifts let’s look at
let’s look at some shifts let’s look at some patterns the first mining mining in
some patterns the first mining mining in
some patterns the first mining mining in the oceans used to be a matter of
the oceans used to be a matter of
the oceans used to be a matter of science fiction right now it is real we
science fiction right now it is real we
science fiction right now it is real we have three hundred ton waterproof robots
have three hundred ton waterproof robots
have three hundred ton waterproof robots that we can send down to the deepest
that we can send down to the deepest
that we can send down to the deepest parts of the ocean to grind up ocean
parts of the ocean to grind up ocean
parts of the ocean to grind up ocean ecosystems and and suck
ecosystems and and suck
ecosystems and and suck up the minerals that are in them this is
up the minerals that are in them this is
up the minerals that are in them this is a complicated one because in all of that
a complicated one because in all of that
a complicated one because in all of that mineral that we’re extracting are things
mineral that we’re extracting are things
mineral that we’re extracting are things that you find in my iphone in my laptop
that you find in my iphone in my laptop
that you find in my iphone in my laptop in hybrid cars but they’re also
in hybrid cars but they’re also
in hybrid cars but they’re also critically important habitats for myriad
critically important habitats for myriad
critically important habitats for myriad truly unique deep-sea species we’ve
truly unique deep-sea species we’ve
truly unique deep-sea species we’ve already gazetted over a million square
already gazetted over a million square
already gazetted over a million square kilometers in just a decade of hat
kilometers in just a decade of hat
kilometers in just a decade of hat unless in just the last decade of half
unless in just the last decade of half
unless in just the last decade of half in the oceans that’s a major shift and
in the oceans that’s a major shift and
in the oceans that’s a major shift and how people are using habitats in space
how people are using habitats in space
how people are using habitats in space in the sea another change this is a
in the sea another change this is a
in the sea another change this is a tract of marine offshore wind energy we
tract of marine offshore wind energy we
tract of marine offshore wind energy we are building power plants under the sea
are building power plants under the sea
are building power plants under the sea now at a very fast pace we’re in
now at a very fast pace we’re in
now at a very fast pace we’re in addition to harvesting offshore wind
addition to harvesting offshore wind
addition to harvesting offshore wind we’re harvesting tidal energy and wave
we’re harvesting tidal energy and wave
we’re harvesting tidal energy and wave energy ocean thermal energy now this is
energy ocean thermal energy now this is
energy ocean thermal energy now this is important this is something we
important this is something we
important this is something we absolutely are going to want to do in
absolutely are going to want to do in
absolutely are going to want to do in our oceans because this is low carbon
our oceans because this is low carbon
our oceans because this is low carbon energy if you really want to trigger a
energy if you really want to trigger a
energy if you really want to trigger a mass extinction in the sea you can do
mass extinction in the sea you can do
mass extinction in the sea you can do that by letting climate change advanced
that by letting climate change advanced
that by letting climate change advanced acidify and overheat the oceans that’s
acidify and overheat the oceans that’s
acidify and overheat the oceans that’s going to be bad news very soon so we
going to be bad news very soon so we
going to be bad news very soon so we need this low carbon energy but we also
need this low carbon energy but we also
need this low carbon energy but we also have to remember that this is a lot of
have to remember that this is a lot of
have to remember that this is a lot of new stuff a lot of human hardware that’s
new stuff a lot of human hardware that’s
new stuff a lot of human hardware that’s plopping itself down onto ocean
plopping itself down onto ocean
plopping itself down onto ocean ecosystems in the way of migrating ocean
ecosystems in the way of migrating ocean
ecosystems in the way of migrating ocean animals so it’s complicated also another
animals so it’s complicated also another
animals so it’s complicated also another change in our oceans traffic is
change in our oceans traffic is
change in our oceans traffic is increasing here’s a now-familiar this
increasing here’s a now-familiar this
increasing here’s a now-familiar this now familiar exponential growth in
now familiar exponential growth in
now familiar exponential growth in traffic in the sea traffic brings all of
traffic in the sea traffic brings all of
traffic in the sea traffic brings all of the same problems in the oceans that it
the same problems in the oceans that it
the same problems in the oceans that it causes on land so you have more noise
causes on land so you have more noise
causes on land so you have more noise and more pollution and increased
and more pollution and increased
and more pollution and increased movement of invasive species you even
movement of invasive species you even
movement of invasive species you even get roadkill in the oceans we have
get roadkill in the oceans we have
get roadkill in the oceans we have roadkill and the oceans what happens you
roadkill and the oceans what happens you
roadkill and the oceans what happens you have ships that run into Wales and some
have ships that run into Wales and some
have ships that run into Wales and some of these are endangered whale species
of these are endangered whale species
of these are endangered whale species and are truly be and being inhibited
and are truly be and being inhibited
and are truly be and being inhibited from recovery as a result of these
from recovery as a result of these
from recovery as a result of these collisions at sea this one’s also
collisions at sea this one’s also
collisions at sea this one’s also complicated right everything that I’m
complicated right everything that I’m
complicated right everything that I’m wearing today came across and a ship
wearing today came across and a ship
wearing today came across and a ship that traveled in this in these traffics
that traveled in this in these traffics
that traveled in this in these traffics in this massive traffic that’s out there
in this massive traffic that’s out there
in this massive traffic that’s out there on the Pacific a last indicator of a
on the Pacific a last indicator of a
on the Pacific a last indicator of a changing use of the oceans we are
changing use of the oceans we are
changing use of the oceans we are becoming industrial strength farmers
becoming industrial strength farmers
becoming industrial strength farmers under the oceans this is a true game
under the oceans this is a true game
under the oceans this is a true game changer here is just exponential growth
changer here is just exponential growth
changer here is just exponential growth in shrimp farming as you can see under
in shrimp farming as you can see under
in shrimp farming as you can see under the oceans
the oceans
the oceans dozens of other kinds of sectors of
dozens of other kinds of sectors of
dozens of other kinds of sectors of farming are increasing at the same
farming are increasing at the same
farming are increasing at the same rapidity 2014 was the first year ever
rapidity 2014 was the first year ever
rapidity 2014 was the first year ever that humanity eight more fish that came
that humanity eight more fish that came
that humanity eight more fish that came from farms then came from the wild
from farms then came from the wild
from farms then came from the wild that’s huge that’s as big as the event
that’s huge that’s as big as the event
that’s huge that’s as big as the event on land when we shifted from hunting and
on land when we shifted from hunting and
on land when we shifted from hunting and gathering our dinner out in the wild and
gathering our dinner out in the wild and
gathering our dinner out in the wild and we started growing at home that’s what’s
we started growing at home that’s what’s
we started growing at home that’s what’s happening now in our ocean that’s a
happening now in our ocean that’s a
happening now in our ocean that’s a brand new underwater revolution for
brand new underwater revolution for
brand new underwater revolution for agriculture for aquaculture this is
agriculture for aquaculture this is
agriculture for aquaculture this is something this is a revolution that we
something this is a revolution that we
something this is a revolution that we absolutely need to get right there’s
absolutely need to get right there’s
absolutely need to get right there’s dirty aquaculture and there’s clean
dirty aquaculture and there’s clean
dirty aquaculture and there’s clean aquaculture dirty aquaculture as a
aquaculture dirty aquaculture as a
aquaculture dirty aquaculture as a footprint that sits right down on fish
footprint that sits right down on fish
footprint that sits right down on fish nursery habitat some produces lots of
nursery habitat some produces lots of
nursery habitat some produces lots of pollutants clean aquaculture on the
pollutants clean aquaculture on the
pollutants clean aquaculture on the other hand produces new nutrition and
other hand produces new nutrition and
other hand produces new nutrition and new food that were to need for the
new food that were to need for the
new food that were to need for the millions of new neighbors we’re going to
millions of new neighbors we’re going to
millions of new neighbors we’re going to have on our planet maybe you can help
have on our planet maybe you can help
have on our planet maybe you can help take pressure off at risk wild fish
take pressure off at risk wild fish
take pressure off at risk wild fish stocks collectively all of these views
stocks collectively all of these views
stocks collectively all of these views of a changing use of the oceans add up
of a changing use of the oceans add up
of a changing use of the oceans add up and add up for me to suggest that we are
and add up for me to suggest that we are
and add up for me to suggest that we are taking baby steps forward in an
taking baby steps forward in an
taking baby steps forward in an industrial revolution in the oceans now
industrial revolution in the oceans now
industrial revolution in the oceans now that matters baby steps forward this is
that matters baby steps forward this is
that matters baby steps forward this is just beginning my colleagues on land
just beginning my colleagues on land
just beginning my colleagues on land there that are facing off against mass
there that are facing off against mass
there that are facing off against mass extinction try to decide how to use
extinction try to decide how to use
extinction try to decide how to use science to help they’re there they’re
science to help they’re there they’re
science to help they’re there they’re facing off against the train that has
facing off against the train that has
facing off against the train that has like a hundred years of momentum that’s
like a hundred years of momentum that’s
like a hundred years of momentum that’s bearing down on them in the oceans we
bearing down on them in the oceans we
bearing down on them in the oceans we have a decision we have some exciting
have a decision we have some exciting
have a decision we have some exciting decisions to make about how this happens
decisions to make about how this happens
decisions to make about how this happens if this starts so how to prevent a mass
if this starts so how to prevent a mass
if this starts so how to prevent a mass extinction from beginning my solution is
extinction from beginning my solution is
extinction from beginning my solution is that we intelligently engage this
that we intelligently engage this
that we intelligently engage this industrial growth and we see this
industrial growth and we see this
industrial growth and we see this industrial growth beginning or wise
industrial growth beginning or wise
industrial growth beginning or wise enough to see it coming down the train
enough to see it coming down the train
enough to see it coming down the train tracks for the ocean that’s not saying
tracks for the ocean that’s not saying
tracks for the ocean that’s not saying stop it that’s saying intelligently
stop it that’s saying intelligently
stop it that’s saying intelligently engage it which is a different kind of
engage it which is a different kind of
engage it which is a different kind of answer right the way that I view this is
answer right the way that I view this is
answer right the way that I view this is that if I had a time machine and I could
that if I had a time machine and I could
that if I had a time machine and I could zoom all the way back to the beginning
zoom all the way back to the beginning
zoom all the way back to the beginning of the Industrial Revolution on land and
of the Industrial Revolution on land and
of the Industrial Revolution on land and I could take with me all that we know
I could take with me all that we know
I could take with me all that we know about the inextricable links between
about the inextricable links between
about the inextricable links between human health and environmental health
human health and environmental health
human health and environmental health well I would have done dozens of things
well I would have done dozens of things
well I would have done dozens of things different in that industrial evolution
different in that industrial evolution
different in that industrial evolution on land I would have engaged the
on land I would have engaged the
on land I would have engaged the prosperity would engage the growth but I
prosperity would engage the growth but I
prosperity would engage the growth but I would have made that growth
would have made that growth
would have made that growth meaner and smarter and greener that’s
meaner and smarter and greener that’s
meaner and smarter and greener that’s what we need for an industrial
what we need for an industrial
what we need for an industrial revolution the oceans we need to make it
revolution the oceans we need to make it
revolution the oceans we need to make it cleaner and smarter and greener this is
cleaner and smarter and greener this is
cleaner and smarter and greener this is downtown Los Angeles or not far from
downtown Los Angeles or not far from
downtown Los Angeles or not far from downtown Los Angeles this is where I was
downtown Los Angeles this is where I was
downtown Los Angeles this is where I was born this is where I grew up this once
born this is where I grew up this once
born this is where I grew up this once was the Wild West of America and it’s as
was the Wild West of America and it’s as
was the Wild West of America and it’s as you can see not so terribly wild anymore
you can see not so terribly wild anymore
you can see not so terribly wild anymore it’s easy to forget that in only 85
it’s easy to forget that in only 85
it’s easy to forget that in only 85 years this barely biodiverse this fairly
years this barely biodiverse this fairly
years this barely biodiverse this fairly wild space on our planet turned into
wild space on our planet turned into
wild space on our planet turned into something that looks like this as a kid
something that looks like this as a kid
something that looks like this as a kid that grew up though in this very space a
that grew up though in this very space a
that grew up though in this very space a kid that wanted like all of us to get
kid that wanted like all of us to get
kid that wanted like all of us to get into nature to recharge in nature the
into nature to recharge in nature the
into nature to recharge in nature the only thing I had to do though was to
only thing I had to do though was to
only thing I had to do though was to jump on this very favorite freeway drive
jump on this very favorite freeway drive
jump on this very favorite freeway drive down to the coastline put on a mask dive
down to the coastline put on a mask dive
down to the coastline put on a mask dive underwater and and there I was I was in
underwater and and there I was I was in
underwater and and there I was I was in it I was in the company of two hundred
it I was in the company of two hundred
it I was in the company of two hundred kilogram giant sea bass I was sharing
kilogram giant sea bass I was sharing
kilogram giant sea bass I was sharing space with two thousand kilogram great
space with two thousand kilogram great
space with two thousand kilogram great white sharks I could surface after one
white sharks I could surface after one
white sharks I could surface after one of these dives and and just listen to
of these dives and and just listen to
of these dives and and just listen to the breath of 20,000 kilogram gray
the breath of 20,000 kilogram gray
the breath of 20,000 kilogram gray whales as they migrated with their
whales as they migrated with their
whales as they migrated with their families down the coast the Wild West
families down the coast the Wild West
families down the coast the Wild West was very much still alive it was just a
was very much still alive it was just a
was very much still alive it was just a live underwater I’m not suggesting that
live underwater I’m not suggesting that
live underwater I’m not suggesting that in 85 years the oceans are going to look
in 85 years the oceans are going to look
in 85 years the oceans are going to look like downtown Los Angeles but I am
like downtown Los Angeles but I am
like downtown Los Angeles but I am suggesting that in the next century the
suggesting that in the next century the
suggesting that in the next century the ocean is going to look a lot different
ocean is going to look a lot different
ocean is going to look a lot different than they do today and we have to
than they do today and we have to
than they do today and we have to anticipate that this change is coming
anticipate that this change is coming
anticipate that this change is coming because it is our second chance and
because it is our second chance and
because it is our second chance and nature very rarely gives us second
nature very rarely gives us second
nature very rarely gives us second chances this is our second chance to get
chances this is our second chance to get
chances this is our second chance to get industrialization right for our planet
industrialization right for our planet
industrialization right for our planet and if we succeed in getting this right
and if we succeed in getting this right
and if we succeed in getting this right what we can do is immense we can stop
what we can do is immense we can stop
what we can do is immense we can stop this mass extinction that is circling in
this mass extinction that is circling in
this mass extinction that is circling in tighter and tighter
tighter and tighter
tighter and tighter circles around us on land we can stop
circles around us on land we can stop
circles around us on land we can stop this mass extinction from leaking into
this mass extinction from leaking into
this mass extinction from leaking into our oceans thank you
”
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